Applied Physics A最新文献

Polypyrrole films prepared by chronoamperometry technique as counter electrode for dye-sensitized solar cells 用计时电流法制备聚吡咯薄膜作为染料敏化太阳能电池的对电极

IF 2.8 4区材料科学

Applied Physics A Pub Date : 2026-05-07 DOI: 10.1007/s00339-026-09674-0

S. A. Salleh, M. Y. A. Rahman, T. H. T. Aziz, M. F. Omar, S. Beddu, A. Z. Ahdaliza, N. A. Ludin, N. A. S. Aziz

{"title":"Polypyrrole films prepared by chronoamperometry technique as counter electrode for dye-sensitized solar cells","authors":"S. A. Salleh, M. Y. A. Rahman, T. H. T. Aziz, M. F. Omar, S. Beddu, A. Z. Ahdaliza, N. A. Ludin, N. A. S. Aziz","doi":"10.1007/s00339-026-09674-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-026-09674-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The new idea of this work is the preparation of polypyrrole (PPy) films via chronoamperometry technique as counter electrode (CE) of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). This research aims to study the effect of time deposition and monomer pyrrole content on polypyrrole films properties and the performance of the device using PPy counter electrode. The CE preparation was started with various of deposition times and followed by the various concentration of pyrrole monomer at the optimum time deposition. The characterization of the films includes field-emission electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX), raman spectroscopy, and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The morphology of the PPy was to be non-homogeneous with granular particles sizes ranging from 420 nm to 480 nm. The reflectance increases until reaching at the optimum deposition time and concentration of monomer pyrrole. The films with 90 s deposition time and 0.2 M monomer Py obtained the lowest charge-transfer resistance values and longest electron carrier lifetime. They are in line with the photovoltaic parameter results, yielding the power conversion efficiency (<i>PCE</i>) with the value of 2.924% and 3.081% for films deposited at 90 s and at 0.2 M, respectively.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"132 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147829073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation of structural, optical and optoelectronic properties of eumelanin pigment 真黑素颜料的结构、光学和光电子性质研究

IF 2.8 4区材料科学

Applied Physics A Pub Date : 2026-05-07 DOI: 10.1007/s00339-026-09648-2

Seval Aksoy Pehlivanoglu, Sinan Bayram

{"title":"Investigation of structural, optical and optoelectronic properties of eumelanin pigment","authors":"Seval Aksoy Pehlivanoglu, Sinan Bayram","doi":"10.1007/s00339-026-09648-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-026-09648-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, the structural, morphological and optical properties of the eumelanin film fabricated on an FTO substrate were first investigated. Then, the effects of illumination intensitiy on the optoelectronic properties of the device fabricated on p-Si substrate (Eumelanin/p-Si) were investigated. The deposited film was identified as polycrystalline from the XRD pattern. The crystallite size was found to be approximately 13 nm. Surface morphology analysis of the film was carried out using atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements. The surface roughness value (Rq) of the film was determined to be 55.7 nm. The film’s transmittance in the visible region is approximately 83%. The average refractive index in the visible region was calculated to be 1.39. The <span>(:{E}_{g})</span> value of the eumelanin film was determined using both the Tauc technique and the Kubelka-Munk function. The direct and indirect optical bandgaps of eumelanin were calculated using both the Tauc method and the Kubelka-Munk function. The calculated direct and indirect optical bandgap values are, respectively, 2.79 eV and 1.96 eV for the Tauc method, and 2.65 eV and 1.79 eV for the Kubelka-Munk method. The electronic parameters of Eumelanin/p-Si heterostructure were derived from its <span>(:I-V)</span> characteristics. The charge transport mechanisms controlling the diode behavior of the eumelanin/p-Si structure were investigated and analyzed using the power law relationship <span>(:Ipropto:{V}^{m})</span>. <span>(:I-V)</span> measurements performed at various illumination intensities indicated that the device exhibited photoconductive behavior. All the results obtained from this study demonstrate the potential of eumelanin/p-Si device to be used in photonic applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"132 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00339-026-09648-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147829074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Asymmetric Au electrode engineering toward high-performance self-powered GaN photodetectors 面向高性能自供电GaN光电探测器的非对称Au电极工程

IF 2.8 4区材料科学

Applied Physics A Pub Date : 2026-05-07 DOI: 10.1007/s00339-026-09676-y

Sahan Tetik, Kasif Teker

引用次数: 0

Determination of the crystalline volume fraction by Raman scattering in amorphous germanium layers formed by implantation of indium ions 用拉曼散射法测定铟离子注入形成的非晶锗层的晶体体积分数

IF 2.8 4区材料科学

Applied Physics A Pub Date : 2026-05-05 DOI: 10.1007/s00339-026-09558-3

Alexander V. Pavlikov, Anna A. Zhelezniak, Alexey M. Rogov, Andrey L. Stepanov

{"title":"Determination of the crystalline volume fraction by Raman scattering in amorphous germanium layers formed by implantation of indium ions","authors":"Alexander V. Pavlikov, Anna A. Zhelezniak, Alexey M. Rogov, Andrey L. Stepanov","doi":"10.1007/s00339-026-09558-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-026-09558-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ge nanoporous layers formed by implantation of monocrystalline c-Ge substrates with In<sup>+</sup> ions at an energy of <i>E</i> = 40 keV and doses of <i>D</i> from 1.8 × 10<sup>16</sup> to 7.5 × 10<sup>16</sup> ion/cm<sup>2</sup> were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman scattering. The obtained SEM micrographs made it possible to evaluate the morphology of the sample surface and the porosity of the layers. Based on the Raman data, it was found that the formed nanoporous layers are amorphous. The excitation of Raman scattering by a helium-neon laser with an intensity of more than 1500 W/cm<sup>2</sup> leads to heating and subsequent local crystallization of the irradiated regions in the nanoporous layers. According to the results of the Raman studies, the volume fraction of the crystalline phase in the nanoporous layer was estimated, to be the maximum for the sample formed with <i>D</i> = 5.6 × 10<sup>16</sup> ion/cm<sup>2</sup>, which correlates with the maximum porosity.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"132 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147829551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantifying selective pulsed laser cleaning and residual contamination in paper artifacts by ATR spectroscopy 用ATR光谱定量测定选择性脉冲激光清洗和纸制品残留污染

IF 2.8 4区材料科学

Applied Physics A Pub Date : 2026-05-04 DOI: 10.1007/s00339-026-09443-z

Canan Yagmur Boynukara, Valerio Graziani, Mehmet Uguryol, Gurcan Mavili, Luca Tortora, Andreas Ruediger, Patrizio Antici

{"title":"Quantifying selective pulsed laser cleaning and residual contamination in paper artifacts by ATR spectroscopy","authors":"Canan Yagmur Boynukara, Valerio Graziani, Mehmet Uguryol, Gurcan Mavili, Luca Tortora, Andreas Ruediger, Patrizio Antici","doi":"10.1007/s00339-026-09443-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-026-09443-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pulsed laser cleaning of cultural heritage materials requires removing unwanted deposits from fragile substrates without inducing collateral damage. This study explores femtosecond (fs) laser cleaning of cellulose-based historical papers through a combined experimental and modeling approach. Paper samples, prepared with traditional Turkish-Ottoman sizings (alum–egg, corn starch, wheat starch) and subjected to artificial aging, were contaminated with graphite and graphite–kaolinite mixtures to replicate historical soiling. Fs laser treatments were performed within the experimentally verified safe fluence range of 0.39–0.78 J/cm<sup>2</sup>, and the cleaning effects were monitored using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy. The measurements demonstrated effective removal of graphite and partial reduction of kaolinite, while confirming the preservation of cellulose and sizing features. Burnished samples exhibited lower cleaning efficiency due to deeper contaminant embedding. Beyond these experiments, we introduce, for the first time in the context of paper conservation, the integration of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy with exponential saturation and decay models. This approach enables a quantitative assessment of both cleaning efficiency and residual contamination while providing predictive insight into fluence thresholds extending beyond the experimentally tested range. Overall, the combined experimental–modeling methodology establishes a robust framework for defining safe and effective fs laser cleaning parameters, offering new opportunities for the quantitative optimization of paper artifact conservation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"132 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00339-026-09443-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147808271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Water vs. ethanol zinc-based nanoparticles synthesized via laser ablation under various uniform electric fields and aging effects 在均匀电场和老化效应下，激光烧蚀合成水与乙醇锌基纳米粒子

IF 2.8 4区材料科学

Applied Physics A Pub Date : 2026-05-04 DOI: 10.1007/s00339-026-09584-1

Danial Gharah Bigloo, Mohammad Hossein Mahdieh

{"title":"Water vs. ethanol zinc-based nanoparticles synthesized via laser ablation under various uniform electric fields and aging effects","authors":"Danial Gharah Bigloo, Mohammad Hossein Mahdieh","doi":"10.1007/s00339-026-09584-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-026-09584-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study presents distinct optical aspects and structural properties of zinc-based nanoparticles (NP) synthesized in water and ethanol environments via pulsed laser ablation of zinc targets under various uniform external electric fields (EEF). UV-Vis spectra of colloidal NP in water indicate ZnO formation with a blue-shift in the absorption band under stronger EEFs, while in ethanol the local surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of metallic Zn NPs is illustrated, which becomes sharper as EEF increases. Moreover, higher absorbance in their spectra with increasing EEF is illustrated for both liquids. These spectral findings are attributed to the combined liquid environment and EEF effects on NPs’ properties, size, and concentration. Studying aging effects of Zn NPs prepared in ethanol at each EEF reveals a gradual transformation from freshly metallic Zn NPs to Zn‑ZnO core–shell structures with signs of Zn(OH)₂ and conversion to ZnO after two months. The ablation rate and NPs’ size distribution of each sample are precisely investigated by analyzing craters’ dimensions on the target surface and FESEM images of NPs. This comparative approach demonstrates the influence of solvent and application of EEF on the spectral response of Zn and ZnO NPs, while significantly enhancing NP yield and formation of smaller, more uniformly distributed NPs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"132 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147808241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of different growth systems on impurity characteristics in AlN crystals 不同生长体系对AlN晶体杂质特性的影响

IF 2.8 4区材料科学

Applied Physics A Pub Date : 2026-05-04 DOI: 10.1007/s00339-026-09638-4

Ruixian Yu, Gang Zhao, Wenjing Tang, Kai Jiang, Lei Zhang, Wei Xia

{"title":"Effects of different growth systems on impurity characteristics in AlN crystals","authors":"Ruixian Yu, Gang Zhao, Wenjing Tang, Kai Jiang, Lei Zhang, Wei Xia","doi":"10.1007/s00339-026-09638-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-026-09638-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>AlN crystals are considered promising candidates for high-power electronic and deep-ultraviolet optoelectronic applications, owing to their ultra-wide bandgap, high critical breakdown electric field, excellent thermal conductivity, and favorable ultraviolet transparency. However, the introduction of internal impuritiescan substantially alter the intrinsic physical properties of the crystal, thereby limiting device performance. In this study, AlN single-crystal samples were grown by physical vapor transport (PVT) under different thermal insulation schemes, followed by systematic investigations of their impurity concentrations and optical properties. The results indicate that employing a tungsten-molybdenum thermal insulation system can significantly reduce the concentrations of C, O, and Si impurities in AlN crystals. Further investigations reveal an intrinsic correlation between the optical absorption properties of AlN crystals and impurity concentrations. A red shift of the absorption cutoff edge is observed, accompanied by pronounced absorption bands at approximately 1.8 eV, 2.8 eV, and 4.7 eV, which are attributed to the presence of C and O impurities. Furthermore, the correlation between the intensities of the observed absorption bands and the concentrations of C, O, and Si impurities is systematically investigated, providing insight into the controlled growth of high-purity AlN single crystals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"132 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147808240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation of the structural, optical and electrical conductivity properties of Ga-doped ZnO nanoparticles ga掺杂ZnO纳米粒子的结构、光学和电导率研究

IF 2.8 4区材料科学

Applied Physics A Pub Date : 2026-05-04 DOI: 10.1007/s00339-026-09650-8

Hayet Mahdhi, Nesrine Haddad, Najib Ihzaz, Zouhaier Ben Ayadi

引用次数: 0

A scalable hydrothermal-electrodeposition strategy for Fe-Doped Ni(OOH)/Ni(OH)₂ electrocatalysts enabling 1 A cm⁻² oxygen evolution and solar-driven hydrogen production fe掺杂Ni(OOH)/Ni(OH) 2电催化剂的可扩展水热电沉积策略，使1 A cm（⁻²）析氧和太阳能驱动制氢

IF 2.8 4区材料科学

Applied Physics A Pub Date : 2026-04-30 DOI: 10.1007/s00339-026-09530-1

Debajeet K. Bora

{"title":"A scalable hydrothermal-electrodeposition strategy for Fe-Doped Ni(OOH)/Ni(OH)₂ electrocatalysts enabling 1 A cm⁻² oxygen evolution and solar-driven hydrogen production","authors":"Debajeet K. Bora","doi":"10.1007/s00339-026-09530-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-026-09530-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this work, a scalable electrodeposition strategy is described to coat a flat pure metallic nickel sheet by using a hydrothermally treated electrolyte bath and to get nanostructured iron (Fe)-doped nickel oxyhydroxide (NiOOH) / nickel hydroxide (Ni(OH)₂), an earth-abundant electrocatalyst. The optimised electrocatalyst demonstrates competitive performance in terms of high electrocatalytic current densities of approximately 1 A/cm² for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) with significantly low overpotential, meeting approaches industrially relevant performance metrics for alkaline water electrolysers. The catalysts exhibit unique hierarchical nanostructures and maintain stable operation at 400 mA/cm² for 17 h. The catalyst-coated nickel sheet also shows significant activity with good gas evolution in two-electrode configurations in a PV-coupled demonstration. Due to its high-performing electrocatalysis, it can be further scaled up to apply to higher TRL electrolyser development (alkaline) and to achieve higher hydrogen production at the stack level. The fabrication approach enables direct deposition on practical substrates suitable for scalable electrolyser manufacturing.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"132 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147797203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Laser-induced graphene fabrication on polyimide using a 450 nm diode laser: toward scalable supercapacitor electrodes 用450纳米二极管激光在聚酰亚胺上制备激光诱导石墨烯：面向可扩展超级电容器电极

IF 2.8 4区材料科学

Applied Physics A Pub Date : 2026-04-30 DOI: 10.1007/s00339-026-09652-6

Iyon Titok Sugiarto, Lenny Intan Martila, Suryadi, Nursidik Yulianto, Isnaeni, Fredina Destyorini, Angga Hermawan, Prabowo Puranto, Achmad Subhan, Yuliati Herbani

{"title":"Laser-induced graphene fabrication on polyimide using a 450 nm diode laser: toward scalable supercapacitor electrodes","authors":"Iyon Titok Sugiarto, Lenny Intan Martila,  Suryadi, Nursidik Yulianto,  Isnaeni, Fredina Destyorini, Angga Hermawan, Prabowo Puranto, Achmad Subhan, Yuliati Herbani","doi":"10.1007/s00339-026-09652-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-026-09652-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Laser-induced graphene (LIG) has emerged as a promising route for scalable graphene fabrication; however, most reported studies rely on infrared laser sources, limiting the accessibility and cost efficiency. This study demonstrates the fabrication of laser-induced graphene on polyimide substrates using a compact continuous 450 nm blue diode laser, a visible-wavelength source that remains largely unexplored for LIG synthesis. By systematically varying laser current, scan speed, and focal position, a reproducible processing window is established, enabling controlled graphitization while preserving substrate integrity. Morphological, structural, and spectroscopic analyses confirmed the successful conversion of polyimide into porous graphene with high carbon content and tunable electrical conductivity. Raman spectroscopy revealed characteristic D, G, and 2D bands, while X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis further verifies the crystalline features of the LIG. Sheet resistance measurements showed optimal electrical performance within a moderate laser current regime. The resulting LIG was further evaluated as a binder-free supercapacitor electrode, demonstrating promising electrochemical performance. These results highlight the potential of visible-wavelength diode lasers as an economical and scalable alternative for LIG fabrication, expanding the accessible laser parameter space for graphene-based flexible electronic and sensor applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"132 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147796967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0