Applied Physics A最新文献

Structural, optical and dielectric properties of Cr doped CoWO4 nanomaterial

IF 2.5 4区材料科学

Applied Physics A Pub Date : 2024-12-24 DOI: 10.1007/s00339-024-08176-1

M. Jeyakanthan, E. Shinyjoy, V. Anbazhagan

{"title":"Structural, optical and dielectric properties of Cr doped CoWO4 nanomaterial","authors":"M. Jeyakanthan, E. Shinyjoy, V. Anbazhagan","doi":"10.1007/s00339-024-08176-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-024-08176-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The present paper reports optical and electrical properties of undoped and Cr3+ doped CoWO4 nanomaterials. The samples were successfully prepared at room temperature (RT) by simple co-precipitation method and at heat treated at 600 °C for good crystallization. The samples were carefully characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The room temperature optical properties were analyzed by UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The XRD pattern reveals that the Cr3+ doped CoWO4 samples shows single phase formation with wolframite monoclinic structure. SEM micrograph reveals that agglomerated round shaped particle in surface of the samples. The energy band gap value of the CoWO4 nanomaterials decreased with increasing the Cr3+ concentration. The intrinsic emission of CoWO4 nanomaterials were observed with excitation of 210 nm. The Cr3+ incorporation in CoWO4 lattice have not altered the structure of emission spectra other than slight increase in emission intensity. The variation of dielectric constant with frequency and temperature has been studied. Moreover, the dielectric constant of the doped samples was higher than that of the CoWO4 ceramics. The ac conductivity studies has been studied and Jonscher's power law has been used to calculate the DC conductivity and frequency exponential factor (n) for all the samples.</div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142880496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Application of scanning small-angle X-ray scattering in the identification of sheet formation techniques in historical papers

IF 2.5 4区材料科学

Applied Physics A Pub Date : 2024-12-24 DOI: 10.1007/s00339-024-08157-4

Małgorzata Grzelec, Sylvio Haas, Agnieszka Helman-Ważny

{"title":"Application of scanning small-angle X-ray scattering in the identification of sheet formation techniques in historical papers","authors":"Małgorzata Grzelec, Sylvio Haas, Agnieszka Helman-Ważny","doi":"10.1007/s00339-024-08157-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-024-08157-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Among writing substrates produced historically in different regions of the world, paper is one of the most complex materials. Its complexity results not only from a variety of highly processed ingredients, which can be used in its production, but also from a variety of methods in which these materials are combined to form the fibrillar network referred to as paper. While material identification methods are well established in the analysis of historical papers, the identification of manufacturing technologies is still an under-researched topic, that requires the development of appropriate methods and measurement protocols. This paper reports on the results of a research project aimed at the application of synchrotron scanning small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) method in the characterization of paper structure, with emphasis on the assessment of fibrillar orientation as a marker characteristic for different, historical papermaking technologies. The main objective of this study consists of the development of a measurement protocol involving the SAXS technique complemented by other analytical methods in the characterization of the fibrous paper structure.</div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00339-024-08157-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142880497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nanostructured SrZrTiO2 xerogel films for efficient perovskite solar cell applications

IF 2.5 4区材料科学

Applied Physics A Pub Date : 2024-12-24 DOI: 10.1007/s00339-024-08170-7

Amirmahmoud Bakhshayesh, Niyoushasadat Nezamoddinykachooye, Seyed Milad Hosseini

{"title":"Nanostructured SrZrTiO2 xerogel films for efficient perovskite solar cell applications","authors":"Amirmahmoud Bakhshayesh, Niyoushasadat Nezamoddinykachooye, Seyed Milad Hosseini","doi":"10.1007/s00339-024-08170-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-024-08170-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The present research comes up with a single-step approach for the preparation of SrZrTiO2 xerogel films as an electron transport layer for fabricating efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs). This film is made up of uniform with the average diameter of around 200 nm. Each sphere is composed of 20 nm TiO2 particles co-doped with Sr2+ and Zr4+. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction demonstrated that there are no distinct strontium and zirconium compositions created during the film deposition process and the percentage of the introduced ions into the TiO2 lattice affects its crystallographic characteristics and band gap. A champion PSC based on a xerogel film containing Sr and Zr dopants with the atomic percent of 0.075 and 0.6, respectively, had the maximum performance of 18.73% compared to the reference cell (i.e., 9.18%). This improvement is ascribed to lower series resistance (i.e., 9.95 Ω), charge recombination resistance (i.e., 1194.02 Ω), and electron lifetime (i.e., 23.83 μs) of the champion cell, as evidenced by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Incorporating both alkaline-earth metals and transition metals into titania xerogel films presents an innovative approach to developing high-performance PSCs.</div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142880483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhanched UV photodetector based on WO3/SnO2 heterostructure nanowire

IF 2.5 4区材料科学

Applied Physics A Pub Date : 2024-12-24 DOI: 10.1007/s00339-024-08177-0

Mir Waqas Alam, Imesangla Ao, Shima Sadaf, Elangbam Rameshwar Singh

引用次数: 0

Effect of P2O5 addition on anorthite based glass-ceramic glazes

IF 2.5 4区材料科学

Applied Physics A Pub Date : 2024-12-23 DOI: 10.1007/s00339-024-08179-y

Betül Yıldız, Zehra Emel Oytaç, Zahide Bayer Öztürk

{"title":"Effect of P2O5 addition on anorthite based glass-ceramic glazes","authors":"Betül Yıldız, Zehra Emel Oytaç, Zahide Bayer Öztürk","doi":"10.1007/s00339-024-08179-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-024-08179-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Anorthite-based glazes are highly valued in the ceramics industry for their ease of crystallization under fast-firing conditions and their ability to impart excellent mechanical and aesthetic properties. This study investigates the effects of P2O5 on the thermal properties, microstructure, microhardness, and optical characteristics of anorthite-based glazes. The results indicate that the addition of P2O5 led to a reduction in both the glass transition temperature and crystallization temperature of the glazes. Furthermore, the increased intensity of the exothermic peak associated with crystallization suggests a greater amount of crystal formation in the P2O5-added glazes. In all compositions, anorthite was identified as the dominant phase. Moreover, an increased P2O5 content resulted in a higher number of anorthite crystals, while concurrently reducing their size. Glazes with P2O5 addition exhibited higher hardness values compared to those without P2O5. This outcome is attributed to the enhanced crystallization of the anorthite phase, as confirmed by DTA, XRD, and SEM analyses.</div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142870401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Self-powered wide bandgap UV detector based on CuO/α-Ga2O3 heterostructure

IF 2.5 4区材料科学

Applied Physics A Pub Date : 2024-12-23 DOI: 10.1007/s00339-024-08172-5

Junjie Zhang, Xinming Guo, Wenliang Bai, Zhikun Zhang, Xinyu Yang, Yuheng Luo, Huanxing Wu, Lili Zhang, Baohua Zhang, Fuqiang Guo, Renqing Guo

{"title":"Self-powered wide bandgap UV detector based on CuO/α-Ga2O3 heterostructure","authors":"Junjie Zhang, Xinming Guo, Wenliang Bai, Zhikun Zhang, Xinyu Yang, Yuheng Luo, Huanxing Wu, Lili Zhang, Baohua Zhang, Fuqiang Guo, Renqing Guo","doi":"10.1007/s00339-024-08172-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-024-08172-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div>CuO nanoparticles were successfully attached to the α-Ga2O3 nanoarray/FTO structure using a simple dipping method and re-annealing process. This resulted in the creation of a self-powered photoelectrochemical photodetector based on FTO/α-Ga2O3/CuO heterojunction. The photodetector responds to a broader range of wavelengths, including 365 nm ultraviolet light, compared to the FTO/α-Ga2O3 structure. The photodetector exhibits an Iphoto/Idark ratio of 0.27 and a photoresponsivity of 0.4 mA·W−1 when exposed to 254 nm deep ultraviolet light. Similarly, when exposed to 365 nm ultraviolet light, the photodetector has an Iphoto/Idark ratio of 1.09 and a photoresponsivity of 0.05 mA·W−1. The photoresponse current I–t curves show clear differences, allowing for effective differentiation between ultraviolet light of different wavelengths (254 nm and 365 nm) in the CuO/α-Ga2O3 photodetector.</div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142870456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Mg2+ doping and Mn2+ Co-doping on the structural, optical, and photocatalytic properties of CaTiO3 nanopowders prepared by the sol–gel method

IF 2.5 4区材料科学

Applied Physics A Pub Date : 2024-12-23 DOI: 10.1007/s00339-024-08175-2

Besma Mihoubi, Nada Belmokhi, Nurcan Dogan, Baris Avar, Wassila Chekirou, Nahman Boukheit, Ahcene Karaali

{"title":"Effect of Mg2+ doping and Mn2+ Co-doping on the structural, optical, and photocatalytic properties of CaTiO3 nanopowders prepared by the sol–gel method","authors":"Besma Mihoubi, Nada Belmokhi, Nurcan Dogan, Baris Avar, Wassila Chekirou, Nahman Boukheit, Ahcene Karaali","doi":"10.1007/s00339-024-08175-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-024-08175-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div>This study focused on the synthesis and characterization of CaTiO3 powders doped with Mg2+ (10 mol%) and co-doped with various ratios of Mn2+ (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 mol%), which were prepared via a low-cost sol–gel method and calcined at 900 °C for 3 h. These nanopowders were investigated for their potential as improved photocatalysts. The powders were comprehensively analyzed using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, photoelectron spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis, UV–visible spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. The experimental results indicated that all diffraction peaks correspond to the orthorhombic phase of CaTiO3 with no impurity phases detected. These was corroborated by FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, and XPS analysis. The crystallite size, influenced by the doping levels, was estimated to range from 25 to 34 nm. Increasing the doping concentration reduces the band gap energy of the doped samples, introducing new energy levels within the band structure. Furthermore, the photocatalytic activity result shows that the CaTiO3 doped with Mg2+ (10 mol%) and co-doped with Mn2+ (10 mol%) is an effective photocatalyst for the degradation of crystal violet dye under UV light irradiation.</div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142875212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation of the structural, optical dispersion, and optoelectrical characteristics of PVA/PVP/V2O5 nanocomposites for optoelectronic devices

IF 2.5 4区材料科学

Applied Physics A Pub Date : 2024-12-23 DOI: 10.1007/s00339-024-08195-y

Mohammed O. Alziyadi, Amani Alruwaili, Amal M. Basmat Said, M. S. Shalaby

{"title":"Investigation of the structural, optical dispersion, and optoelectrical characteristics of PVA/PVP/V2O5 nanocomposites for optoelectronic devices","authors":"Mohammed O. Alziyadi, Amani Alruwaili, Amal M. Basmat Said, M. S. Shalaby","doi":"10.1007/s00339-024-08195-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-024-08195-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div>PVA/PVP (80/20 wt%) films containing various concentrations of V2O5 NPs (0, 1, 2, and 3 wt%) were prepared. This study explores the effect of varying concentrations of V2O5 NPs on the structural, optical, and optoelectrical properties of biodegradable PVA/PVP blends. The V2O5 NPs have a crystallite size value of 37.5 nm, and the crystallite size of PVA/PVP/V2O5 films increases with the increase in V2O5 NPs concentrations. FTIR spectra investigated the functional groups of PVA/PVP/V2O5 films. The direct band gap for the PVA/PVP blend (80/20 wt%) was 3.4 eV and decreased to 2.48 eV for the PVA/PVP blend doped with 3 wt% of V2O5 NPs. At the same time, the indirect band gap value for pure PVA/PVP blend was 3.06 eV and decreased to 2.16 eV for PVA/PVP blend doped with 3 wt% of V2O5 NPs. The PVP/PVA film has an Eu value of 0.85 eV, and the Eu values rise gradually from 0.85 to 3.65 eV as the V2O5 NPs content in the PVP/PVA matrix boosts from 0 to 3 wt%. Furthermore, the refractive index and extinction coefficient variation for the PVA/PVP/V2O5 nanocomposites as a function of V2O5 NPs content was addressed. Additionally, the impact of V2O5 NPs contents on the dispersive and oscillator energies was displayed. The results revealed that doping with V2O5 NPs increases the number of free carriers from 2.38 × 10¹⁹ cm⁻³ to 7.48 × 10²⁰ cm⁻³. Meanwhile, the optoelectrical parameters such as plasma frequency (ωp), relaxation time (τ), and optical mobility were computed. The optical and opto-electrical characteristics suggest that the PVA/PVP/V2O5 films suit optoelectronic devices and optical switching applications.</div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142870411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unveiling the role of Cr-doped biphasic TiO2 photoanode for improving the photovoltaic performance of dye-sensitized solar cell

IF 2.5 4区材料科学

Applied Physics A Pub Date : 2024-12-23 DOI: 10.1007/s00339-024-08190-3

Nikhil S. K., P. Mathan Kumar, Muthuraaman Bhagavathiachari, Ranjith G. Nair

{"title":"Unveiling the role of Cr-doped biphasic TiO2 photoanode for improving the photovoltaic performance of dye-sensitized solar cell","authors":"Nikhil S. K., P. Mathan Kumar, Muthuraaman Bhagavathiachari, Ranjith G. Nair","doi":"10.1007/s00339-024-08190-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-024-08190-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Two significant factors that improve dye-sensitized solar cells’ (DSSCs’) performance are increased electron concentration and effective charge transport. In the present work, pristine and Cr-doped biphasic TiO2 in various phase ratios were prepared and utilized as the photoanode of the DSSC. Doping created oxygen vacancies, leading to phase transformation at lower calcination temperatures. The doped biphasic TiO2 photoanode’s photovoltaic performances were superior to its pristine counterparts. The sample with 70% anatase and 30% rutile (CrTi-400) showed the highest photoconversion efficiency (PCE) compared to the rest. The low crystallite size of CrTi-400 facilitated a higher dye adsorption, leading to a better photo-excited electron injection. The photoelectrochemical study revealed an efficient charge transport in CrTi-400, and this, coupled with the improved electron concentration due to the oxygen vacancies created via Cr doping, enhanced the photocurrent (JSC). The synergy between doping and biphasic junction improved the structural, optical, and electrical properties, improving its JSC and overall photovoltaic performance. This study showcases a novel strategy for enhancing the photoanode performance of the TiO2-based DSSC by utilising the synergy of doping and heterojunction.</div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142870489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correlation between heat treatment temperature and microstructure-properties of the LMDed Ti-6Al-4 V alloy

IF 2.5 4区材料科学

Applied Physics A Pub Date : 2024-12-23 DOI: 10.1007/s00339-024-08183-2

Chaoqi Qi, Qiuyang Lu, Chenguang Zhao, Jing Yang, Siqi Liu, Lijie Guo, Kai Zhao

{"title":"Correlation between heat treatment temperature and microstructure-properties of the LMDed Ti-6Al-4 V alloy","authors":"Chaoqi Qi, Qiuyang Lu, Chenguang Zhao, Jing Yang, Siqi Liu, Lijie Guo, Kai Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s00339-024-08183-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-024-08183-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Laser melting deposition (LMD) of Ti-6Al-4 V with engineered performance for aerospace applications requires a comprehensive and detailed understanding of the microstructure evolution. The complex thermal cycles during LMD and heat treatment (HT) process of Ti-6A1-4 V affect the phase transformation, leading to heterogeneous microstructure and property variations within builds. The current study aims to investigate the effect of heat treatment temperature on the heterogeneities through the utilisation of multiscale characterisation techniques. Influenced by the spheroidisation and thermal grooving effect, the microstructure of LMDed Ti-6Al-4 V changed after heat treatment, especially the spine-like semi-continuous structure was identified inside the 1020℃ STA specimen. The thermal profile of HT process increased the size of α-phase and volume fraction of β-phase with increasing HT temperature. The solution-aging treatment has also been demonstrated to enhance the elimination of anisotropy of UTS, YS and strain-hardening coefficients, which is influenced by the boundary break-up and migration theories. A post-LMD heat treatment at a temperature just below the transus temperature lead to an improvement of strength and ductility, accompanied by the losses in strain-hardening coefficients.</div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142870455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0