Applied Physics A最新文献

{"title":"Publisher Correction: Synthesis of hard carbon-coated silicon composite anode materials via phenolic resin carbonization for lithium-ion batteries","authors":"Chuanbin Tu, Jiahao Xiong, Chenxin Jin, Ke Li, Kangdong Gao, Zhiyong Tan, Fugen Sun, Lang Zhou, Zhihao Yue","doi":"10.1007/s00339-026-10245-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-026-10245-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"132 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149133115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilizing Ga2O3 incorporation to adjust the optical, mechanical, thermal, and simulated radiation shielding performance of B2O3-TeO2-BaO-Li2O glasses","authors":"M. J. Tommalieh,&nbsp;S. K. Alghamdi,&nbsp;A. M. Almutairi,&nbsp;A. S. Abouhaswa,&nbsp;Dalia E. Abulyazied,&nbsp;H. M. Abomostafa,&nbsp;N. T. El-Shamy","doi":"10.1007/s00339-026-10257-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-026-10257-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A novel glass system having the following chemical formula 35-x)B₂O₃+32TeO₂+18BaO+15Li₂O+xGa₂O₃ where x = 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 mol% was fabricated using a melt-quenching method. The physical, thermal, optical, and mechanical properties of the synthesized glass samples were investigated in addition to their shielding efficiency against different radiations to reveal the possibility of utilizing the studied materials in technology-based applications. Raman spectrum showed that there is an evident structural evolution of the glass system through adding (Ga₂O₃) dopant. On the other hand, the density of the synthesized glass samples was measured to show that there is an evident increase in the value of density of the studied glass system, ranging from 3.5378 to 3.6748 g/cm³, accompanied with a decrease in the value of molar volume ranging between 30.3919 and 29.900 cm³/mol. Thermal study proved that (Ga₂O₃) doping enhances the glass transition temperature as well improves thermal stability of the glass. The studied glass shows an obvious increase in its ultraviolet absorbance capacity along with a red shift in the value of the cut-off wavelength and decreases in optical band gap value of indirect transitions from 3.219 to 3.141 eV and the values of the Urbach energy increased from 0.259 to 0.336 eV. Moreover, there is an evident increase in all elastic modulus values (Young’s modulus, bulk modulus, and shear modulus) with the rise in Ga₂O₃ content. The efficiency of the produced glass as a shielding material against radiation was evaluated by using Phy-X software. In this context, the program predicts the values of LAC, MAC, HVL, and MFP. Radiation shielding performance assessment reveals that increasing Ga₂O₃ enhances the radiation shielding efficacy and reduces the thickness needed for adequate gamma-ray shielding. Assessment of the radiation shielding characteristics indicates that augmenting the Ga₂O₃ concentration diminishes the necessary thickness for efficient gamma-ray shielding while concurrently enhancing radiation shielding efficacy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"132 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149133131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Irradiation of ZnSe doped polymethylmethacrylate sheets by non- thermal Ar plasma","authors":"Doaa El-Malawy,&nbsp;H. E. Hassan,&nbsp;Ali Abd-Elaal,&nbsp;Azza A. Talab","doi":"10.1007/s00339-026-10187-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-026-10187-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this study, ZnSe/PMMA nanocomposite sheets were fabricated and subjected to non-thermal sputtering Ar plasma over different exposure periods. The ZnSe‑doped PMMA nanocomposites were fabricated via a solution‑casting technique with doping concentrations of 1 and 5 wt%. X‑ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed that ZnSe nanopowder enhanced the structural ordering of the PMMA matrix. To examine plasma‑induced surface effects, the ZnSe/PMMA nanocomposite sheets were exposed to non‑thermal argon plasma for varying durations ranging from 0 to 50 min. The resulting modifications in crystal structure, chemical bonding, optical absorption and emission, surface morphology, and dielectric behaviour were systematically evaluated relative to the untreated samples. The XRD patterns revealed that plasma exposure preserved the amorphous PMMA, while sharpening the ZnSe diffraction peaks, with the crystallinity index increasing from 11.94% to 17.32% for the 1 wt% ZnSe composite and from 10.33% to 13.48% for the 5 wt% composite after 50 min of plasma treatment. The optical properties were investigated using UV–Vis and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. With increasing the ZnSe contents and plasma exposure, a progressive reduction in the optical band gap was observed up to ~ 14%, accompanied by a broadening Urbach tail. The Photoluminescence spectra demonstrated that plasma treatment introduced additional emission features consistent with the increased surface defect density. The Dielectric measurements further showed enhanced AC conductivity with higher ZnSe loading and longer plasma exposure. Both dielectric permittivity and AC conductivity were increased with about 25%. The conduction mechanisms in the samples were proven via estimation of the frequency exponent in Maxwell–Wagner–Sillars formula. The results showed a dominant interfacial polarization and a hopping conduction mechanism. Collectively, these findings support the utilization of non‑thermal plasma processing as a practical route for surface treatment of polymer nanocomposites with tailored properties for diverse applications across electronics, photonics, and protective technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"132 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149133180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Publisher Correction: Pressure induced phase transition, structural stability, elastic, electronic, optical, thermodynamic properties of SmOBiS2: a firstprinciples study","authors":"Md. Monir Hossain,&nbsp;Sharmin Akter,&nbsp;Sumiya Akter Ramin,&nbsp;Md. Atikur Rahman,&nbsp;Md. Aftabuzzaman","doi":"10.1007/s00339-026-10146-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-026-10146-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"132 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149133132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep-red luminescence and Judd-Ofelt analysis of Eu3+-activated LiMgVO4 phosphors for solid-state lighting applications","authors":"Aman Deep,&nbsp;Rajan Singh,&nbsp;H. C. Swart,&nbsp;Vinay Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s00339-026-10253-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-026-10253-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A series of Eu³⁺-activated LiMgVO₄ phosphors was synthesized via a low-cost solution combustion method. Phase purity and structural analysis performed using powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) confirmed a single-phase orthorhombic structure with a <i>Cmcm</i> space group. The photoluminescence (PL) excitation spectrum revealed strong absorption in the near-ultraviolet (n-UV) and blue spectral regions, particularly at 395 nm, making the material highly suitable for n-UV-based solid-state lighting. Upon UV excitation, the phosphors exhibited intense red emission centered at 618 nm, attributed to the characteristic ⁵D₀ → ⁷F₂ electric-dipole transition of Eu³⁺ ions. The concentration quenching analysis indicated that the energy transfer mechanism at higher dopant concentrations is governed by long-range quadrupole-quadrupole interactions. The optimized phosphor displayed CIE chromaticity coordinates of (0.664, 0.335), corresponding to high-purity (98.2%) deep-red emission. UV-Vis diffuse reflectance studies confirmed a wide optical band gap of 3.30 eV for the doped host lattice. The calculated Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters (Ω₂ and Ω₄) and asymmetry ratio (R) confirmed the low-symmetry environment and strong electric-dipole character of Eu³⁺ emission in the LiMgVO₄ host lattice. These results demonstrate that Eu³⁺-doped LiMgVO₄ phosphors are promising candidates for high-performance, near-UV-excited white light-emitting diode (WLED) applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"132 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149035182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of cavitation bubble dynamics during underwater nanosecond laser cleaning of natural marine biofouling on 316 stainless steel","authors":"Asha Juma Mohamed,&nbsp;Weihong Bi,&nbsp;GuangWei Fu,&nbsp;MengYe Wang,&nbsp;Abdul Qadir,&nbsp;Yiming Jing,&nbsp;Yi Jiang","doi":"10.1007/s00339-026-10247-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-026-10247-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Marine biofouling reduces vessel performance, accelerates corrosion, and affects the accuracy of submerged instruments. Although laser-induced cavitation has been applied to remove industrial surface coatings, its interaction with natural marine biofouling in underwater conditions remains insufficiently understood. This study investigates the evolution of laser-induced cavities during underwater laser cleaning of natural biofouling from 316 stainless steel using a nanosecond fiber laser. High-speed shadowgraphy at 300,000 fps was performed under continuous 20 kHz irradiation in a 20 mm water column, while SEM, AFM, FTIR, and EDS were deployed for surface characterization. The results show that a single hemispherical cavity formed at 5 mJ, reaching a maximum projected radius of <span>(:approx:)</span>0.82 mm with an expansion phase of approximately 1710 µs and a collapse phase of <span>(:approx:)</span> 1923 µs with a cavity lifetime of nearly 3633 µs without rebound. At 8 mJ, the cavity evolved into a fragmented multi-bubble structure accompanied by a debris plume, which indicates a change in the laser- biofouling interaction behavior. AFM results indicate that the surface roughness (Rq) decreased from 187.72<span>(:pm:)</span>2.36 nm for the uncleaned surface to 79.81<span>(:pm:)</span>1.54 nm and 68.60<span>(:pm:)</span>1.85 nm after 5 mJ and 8 mJ surface cleaning, respectively. The combined SEM, FTIR, and EDS analyses indicated surface morphological and compositional changes associated with laser cleaning. The observed cavity dynamics provide new insight into cavitation-assisted biofouling removal, with the proposed mechanisms interpreted consistently from the experimental observations. The study provides a basis for the development of efficient underwater cleaning for marine maintenance and related industrial applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"132 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149035260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasonic-assisted synthesis of Sb2WO6/rGO nanocomposites: structure-optical property relationships and tunable visible-light response","authors":"Mahmood Alhajj,&nbsp;Madzlan Aziz,&nbsp;Nursyafreena Attan,&nbsp;Siti Aminah setu","doi":"10.1007/s00339-026-10139-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-026-10139-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Antimony tungstate (Sb₂WO₆)-reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanocomposites (NCs) with tailored interfacial architecture were synthesized via a facile ultrasonic-assisted hydrothermal approach and characterized systematically. The TEM images show that Sb₂WO₆ nanocrystals are uniformly anchored onto wrinkled rGO nanosheets, forming a highly interconnected hybrid network with intimate interfacial contact. XRD patterns and Raman spectra confirm the preservation of the crystalline Sb₂WO₆ framework and the successful integration of rGO without detectable secondary phases, while XPS analysis verifies the characteristic surface chemical states. Interfacial integration of rGO with Sb₂WO₆ effectively modulated the optical response, leading to enhanced visible-light absorption and a reduction in the optical band gap from 2.72 eV for pristine Sb₂WO₆ to 2.49 eV for the composite containing 10 wt% rGO. The SWO/rGO-10 composite exhibited the lowest PL emission intensity, together with a blue-shifted emission maximum at 461 nm and the broadest emission band (FWHM ≈ 48.02 nm). These findings establish Sb₂WO₆/rGONCs as promising materials for optoelectronic and energy-conversion applications. This work establishes a direct relationship between oxide-carbon interface formation and the optical response of Sb₂WO₆/rGONCs, providing fundamental insights for the design of graphene-integrated oxide heterostructures with tailored optical properties.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"132 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149034584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engineering SnO2–CNTs nano-hybrid sensors: a promising platform for efficient NO2 detection","authors":"Hind W. Abdullah,&nbsp;Zainab Saad Mahdi,&nbsp;Yaqoob M. Jawad","doi":"10.1007/s00339-026-10249-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-026-10249-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this research, SnO₂ nanoparticles were prepared using the sol–gel method and then combined with carbon nanostructures CNTs to create SnO₂–CNTs nanocomposites for NO₂ gas sensing. To see how SnO₂ and CNTs might affect gas sensing different weight ratios of them. The materials were tested using XRD, FTIR, and FESEM techniques. After doing many samples, we found that the best compound is 4%SnO2–6%CNTs composite. These tests showed that the SnO2 had a nanoscale particle shape and maintained a tetragonal crystalline structure, and they also showed to Sn–O vibrational modes. The results showed that adding CNTs could improve many properties such as sensitivity, response, and recovery times, due to modifying the concentration and reactivity of oxygen species and adsorption sites, which improves gas interaction. It seemed to perform the best at a relatively low temperature (150 °C), showing a maximum response around 66.6% accompanied by stable and balanced response–recovery behavior. In general, these results suggest that combining SnO₂ and CNTs may give a feasible process for developing NO₂ sensors that work at lower temperatures and could be helpful for environmental monitoring (XRD, FTIR, Energy gap, and FESEM).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"132 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149034508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Manifestation of dual-ferroic response in PrFeO3 at room temperature by tailored chemical pressure coupled with magnetic dilution","authors":"Shivangi Rao,&nbsp;Rajamani Nagarajan","doi":"10.1007/s00339-026-10244-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-026-10244-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The identification of multiferroic orders at room temperature in a single inorganic lattice is of immense technological significance. Rare-earth orthoferrites are ideal alternatives to BiFeO₃. The dominant antiferromagnetism and the absence of ferroelectric ordering in REFeO₃ pose challenges to the design of room-temperature multiferroic orders. In the present study, we overcame this challenge by coupling chemical pressure and magnetic dilution at both the Pr and Fe sites of PrFeO₃ via co-substitution (Bi³⁺ and Al³⁺ at the Pr- and Fe-sites, respectively). PrFe_1‒<i>x</i>Al_<i>x</i>O₃ (<i>x</i> = 0.00-0.50) series samples were synthesized using an auto-combustion route. Both PXRD refinements and Raman spectral measurements confirmed that increasing the Al content transformed the system from orthorhombic (<i>Pbnm</i>) to rhombohedral (<i>R</i>-3<i>c</i>) symmetry. We introduced additional negative chemical pressure into the already strained PrFe_0.50Al_0.50O₃ lattice by substituting Pr³⁺ with larger Bi³⁺ ions. Rhombohedral Pr_0.70Bi_0.30Fe_0.50Al_0.50O₃ exhibited weak ferromagnetic hysteresis at 300 and 2 K. Interconnected weak ferromagnetic domains were observed in nanoscale magnetic force microscopy (MFM) images of the samples. DART-PFM imaging confirmed the presence of randomly oriented local ferroelectric domains that exhibited robust 180° phase switching. SS-PFM revealed a butterfly loop amplitude and a weak piezoelectric coefficient. Room temperature electrical property measurements on Pr_0.70Bi_0.30Fe_0.50Al_0.50O₃ reveal a dielectric constant of 3550 at low frequency, driven by Maxwell-Wagner interfacial polarization and a P-e loop displaying a characteristic piscis shape with remnant polarization of 0.48 µC/cm². Such selective co-substitution of magnetically dilute species can be a strategy for exploring untapped multiferroic functions in other ABO₃ systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"132 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149034636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth kinetics of proeutectoid ferrite isothermal transformation in a Fe–0.4 C (mass%) alloy under a high magnetic field","authors":"Chaojie Yan,&nbsp;Xiaozhao Zhang,&nbsp;Kai Wang,&nbsp;Chenhua Yuan,&nbsp;Tie Liu,&nbsp;Lijia Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s00339-026-10243-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-026-10243-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, the effects of an 8 T high magnetic field on the growth kinetics of proeutectoid ferrite are investigated. The carbon content at the austenite/ferrite (γ/α) interface with and without a high magnetic field is characterized by a field emission electron probe microanalyzer. The results demonstrate that a high magnetic field increases the carbon content in the austenite at the γ/α interface. In addition, the high magnetic field increases the parabolic length growth rate constant of proeutectoid ferrite by approximately 15%–28% along the magnetic field direction from 993 K to 1033 K. Conversely, it inhibits the parabolic thickness growth rate constant of proeutectoid ferrite by approximately 11%–26% perpendicular to the magnetic field direction from 993 K to 1033 K. At this foundation, relationship between ferrite growth rates with and without a high magnetic field are illuminated, quantitively. The mechanism of the moving γ/α interfaces is discussed from the viewpoint of carbon diffusion in austenite and the carbon content at the γ/α interface with the high magnetic field or not.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"132 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149034635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}