Applied Physics A最新文献

{"title":"Laser cleaning of rust layer in citric acid solution","authors":"Junpeng Xu,&nbsp;Zhiwei Jing,&nbsp;Minghui Hong","doi":"10.1007/s00339-026-09362-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-026-09362-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Laser cleaning as an effective green rust removal technology has attracted much attention. For some steel structures with thick rust layers, the rust removal by dry laser cleaning has limitations, such as low removal efficiency and surface damage by laser ablation. To address this issue, this work proposes a new method of laser cleaning assisted by citric acid solution, and investigates the effects of liquid film thickness and laser fluence on the rust removal. The results show that when laser fluence is 6.1 J/cm², the laser cleaning efficiency can reach 44.4 mm²/s, which is approximately 2.5 times that of dry laser cleaning and 1.5 times that of deionized (DI) water-assisted laser cleaning. This study provides a theoretical and experimental basis for the practical applications of large-scale rust layer removal.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"132 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147642290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Femtosecond laser carbonization of polystyrene with broadband-luminescent products","authors":"Andrey Kudryashov,&nbsp;Sergey Gusev,&nbsp;Anastasia Orlova,&nbsp;Andrey Afanasiev,&nbsp;Ekaterina A. Sergeeva,&nbsp;Maria Sveshnikova,&nbsp;Alexander Pikulin,&nbsp;Nikita Bityurin","doi":"10.1007/s00339-026-09569-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-026-09569-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Multipulse femtosecond laser irradiation of a monolayer of polystyrene microspheres deposited on a polystyrene substrate leads to the formation of carbon nanomaterial exhibiting broadband excitation-dependent luminescence both within the microspheres and in the substrate. Initial polystyrene substrate and microspheres are transparent at the 800-nm laser wavelength. The peak intensity of laser irradiation focusing by the microspheres reaches 10¹³ W/cm², resulting in multiphoton absorption followed by ionization and further carbonization. Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy show that the carbonization products contain carbon crystalline nanoobjects. The spatial distribution of luminescent carbon nanomaterials within the irradiated spheres is visualized by means of confocal microscopy.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"132 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147642755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Color-tuned Cu²⁺-modified PVA-Mg(TFSI)₂ polymer electrolyte: structural evolution, ion exchange, and electrochemical engineering","authors":"B. M. A. Makram,&nbsp;Shuayl Alotaibi,&nbsp;Engy El-Dek,&nbsp;Eslam Sheha","doi":"10.1007/s00339-026-09483-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-026-09483-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A Cu²⁺-modified PVA–Mg(TFSI)₂ polymer electrolyte is synthesized and systematically investigated to elucidate its structural, morphological, optical, thermal, and electrochemical properties. The incorporation of CuCl₂ induces Cu–O coordination and partial anion exchange, forming Cu(TFSI)₂ and MgCl₂ species that reduce hydrogen bonding and promote ionic dissociation. X-ray diffraction and SEM analyses reveal increased amorphous character, microstructural densification, and improved polymer–salt compatibility, which facilitate Mg²⁺ transport. FTIR and UV–Vis results confirm strong Cu²⁺ coordination and a pronounced optical band-gap narrowing from 6.0 to 3.4 eV, indicating enhanced electronic coupling and charge-transfer capability. Thermal analyses (TGA/DSC and Coats–Redfern kinetics) demonstrate modified degradation pathways, improved thermal stability, and a reduced activation energy from 23.44 to 18.86 kcal mol⁻¹ after CuCl₂ incorporation. Electrochemical measurements show intensified redox activity and improved ionic mobility, although electrolyte decomposition and electrode corrosion are also observed after CuCl₂ modification. These results demonstrate that Cu²⁺ incorporation effectively tailors the structural, thermal, and electrical behavior of PVA–Mg(TFSI)₂ polymer electrolytes for magnesium battery applications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"132 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147642751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantum memory-assisted entropic uncertainty relation dynamics induced by nonlinear qubit-photon interactions: Decoherence and Ohmic environment models","authors":"Imed Kedim,&nbsp;E. K. Jaradat,&nbsp;Y. Bouteraa,&nbsp;A.-B. A. Mohamed","doi":"10.1007/s00339-026-09524-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-026-09524-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study investigates the dynamics of the quantum memory-assisted entropic uncertainty relation (QMA-EUR) and the atomic entanglement of formation, both induced by the interaction of maximally entangled two-qubit systems with spatially separated coherent cavities, under two types of decoherence: intrinsic decoherence and Ohmic environmental decoherence. The controllable dynamics of the entropic uncertainty and the lower bound (Berta’s bound) and atomic entanglement between are investigated under the physical coupling effects of the cavities’ initial coherent field amplitudes, the nonclassicality associated with coherent and even coherent states, detuning between the qubits and cavities, and intrinsic decoherence rate. The interactions between the pair of atomic qubits and spatially separated coherent cavities induce regular anti-correlated oscillatory dynamics of the entanglement of formation and the QMA-EUR quantifiers, which depend on the underlying physical couplings. It is resulted that the decoherence-induced effects—including the extension of disappearance intervals of quantum memory resource, the disappearance of recurrent maximally entangled states, the upward shift of entropic uncertainty minima—are influenced by both the nonclassicality of the initial coherent cavity states and the qubit-cavity detuning parameters. Increasing the detuning couplings further amplifies these decoherence effects. It is found that the dephasing dynamics of QMA-EUR and atomic entanglement of formation, associated with the generated maximally entangled state (due to the intrinsic decoherence model) and influenced by externally applied Ohmic noise, are strongly dependent on the initial cavity-coherent-field amplitudes of the cavities, the degree of nonclassicality inherent in both coherent and even coherent states, the detuning between the qubits and the cavities as well as on the decoherence.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"132 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147642754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperature controlled phase transition and characterization of Cu2O and CuO thin films grown at different growth temperatures via mist CVD","authors":"Polat Narin,&nbsp;Ece Kutlu-Narin,&nbsp;Sukru Ardali,&nbsp;Beyza Sarikavak-Lisesivdin,&nbsp;Engin Tiras,&nbsp;Sefer Bora Lisesivdin","doi":"10.1007/s00339-026-09555-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-026-09555-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study investigates the phase-controlled copper oxide thin films by growth temperature using the mist-CVD methods. The main aim of the study is to determine the phase transition between Cu₂O and CuO crystals in the range of 300 °C and 450 °C. It is found that 300 and 350 °C of growth temperatures showed only Cu₂O cubic crystal phase, 400 and 450 °C of growth temperatures observed only CuO monoclinic crystals, confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy measurements. A unique boundary in the crystal phase transition between Cu₂O and CuO was shown. It was found to be an important parameter of the growth temperature to adjust the phase transition between CuO and Cu₂O. The morphological examinations revealed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), show that the surface roughness and grain shape are utilized to determine the phase transition. The optical properties from the UV-visible spectrophotometer show that the optical band gaps are reduced from 2.45 eV (Cu₂O) to 1.38 (CuO) because of the phase transition. The low-temperature PL measurement is considered to provide insight into the defect structure and phase transition in Cu₂O and CuO. The obtained results show that the growth temperature is a very effective way to control the phase transition between Cu₂O and CuO crystals.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"132 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00339-026-09555-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147642695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Induction of Griffith-like phase and enhanced band gap in Mn doped delafossite CuCrO2","authors":"Raghvendra Kumar Pandey,&nbsp;Nandkishor Pal,&nbsp;Kaushal Kumar Shukla,&nbsp;Bipin Kumar Singh","doi":"10.1007/s00339-026-09563-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-026-09563-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Geometrically spin-frustrated systems have attracted considerable attention owing to their fascinating magnetic, electrical, and optical properties. In this study, we investigate the electronic structure, the existence of a Griffiths phase, and unusual spin dynamics in 5% Mn-doped CuCrO₂ systems synthesized via the solid-state reaction method. Synchrotron X-ray diffraction, UV–visible spectroscopy, magnetic measurements, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and electrical resistivity measurements are performed for both pure and 5% Mn-doped CuCrO₂ systems. The synchrotron XRD patterns of CuCrO₂ and CuCr₀.₉₅Mn₀.₀₅O₂ reveal a single-phase solid solution crystallized in a hexagonal structure. AC and DC magnetic susceptibility measurements are performed at various magnetic fields and frequencies for both samples. The results for the 5% Mn-doped sample indicate the induction of a Griffiths-like phase, which is confirmed through magnetic measurements. The activation energy and optical band gap of the samples are determined from electrical resistivity and UV–visible spectroscopy analyses. The optical band gap of the CuCrO₂ system increases with Mn doping at the Cr site. The band gap enhancement indicates that the Mn-doped CuCrO₂ system may be a promising candidate for wide-band-gap semiconductor applications. Consequently, the proposed materials may be utilized for transparent electronics and optoelectronic device applications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"132 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147642759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of laser shock peening-induced plastic deformation of martensite and carbide for improved corrosion fatigue performance in 13Cr martensitic stainless steel","authors":"Linfeng Min,&nbsp;Xiaojie Xiang","doi":"10.1007/s00339-026-09525-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-026-09525-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The effects of laser shock peening (LSP) on surface residual stress, microstructural evolution, and corrosion fatigue behavior of 13Cr martensitic stainless steel were systematically investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), corrosion fatigue crack growth (CFCG) tests, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Particular attention was paid to the LSP-induced plastic deformation of both the martensitic matrix and Cr-rich carbides and its role in corrosion fatigue performance enhancement. The results show that LSP introduced a high-amplitude surface compressive residual stress of approximately − 570 MPa and generated a hardened surface layer with a depth of about 0.6 mm. TEM observations reveal that coarse martensitic laths and submicron carbides were significantly refined into ultrafine-grained or nanocrystalline structures (50–250 nm), accompanied by a high density of dislocations. In a 3.5 wt% NaCl solution, LSP treatment effectively suppressed corrosion-assisted crack initiation and markedly reduced the corrosion fatigue crack growth rate, especially during the early propagation stage. As a result, the corrosion fatigue life of the LSP-treated specimens increased by approximately 30.9% compared with the as-received condition. The improved corrosion fatigue resistance is mainly attributed to the synergistic effects of surface compressive residual stress, martensitic lath refinement, and carbide plastic deformation induced by LSP.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"132 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147642752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of structural stability and photoluminescence behavior of ZnTiO3 thin films using gamma irradiation","authors":"Priya Mittal,&nbsp;Manish Saini,&nbsp;Arshiya Anjum,&nbsp;A. P. Gnana Prakash,&nbsp;Vaibhav Kandwal,&nbsp;Govind Gupta,&nbsp;M. Durga Ganesh,&nbsp;Pamu Dobbidi,&nbsp;Srinivasa Rao Nelamarri","doi":"10.1007/s00339-026-09560-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-026-09560-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this work, different gamma irradiation doses were applied to ZnTiO₃ (ZTO) films to investigate the impact of gamma irradiation on their structural and optical properties. The samples were prepared using RF magnetron sputtering in an Ar and O₂ mixed environment. The modifications in various properties have been assessed through X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), UV-Visible spectroscopy, and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. XRD pattern unveils the stability of cubic phase of ZTO up to 120 kGy, with the (311) peak intensity initially decreasing at 30 kGy, followed by partial recovery at 60 and 90 kGy, and attaining its highest intensity at 120 kGy. The drop in surface roughness from 6.9 nm (pristine) to 4.9 nm (120 kGy) was observed from AFM analysis because of defect migration and surface relaxation. A slight shift in bandgap and a redshift in the absorption edge from pristine to 90 kGy, followed by a blue shift at 120 kGy, are revealed by UV-visible spectroscopy. The intense PL emission in the UV region for 30 kGy dose sample is attributed to defects and lattice disorder. A non-monotonic trend in the visible region after irradiation was seen as it decreases at 30 kGy, partially recovers at 90 kGy, and then decreases again at 120 kGy. Overall, the films demonstrate strong radiation tolerance, governed by competing defect-generation and defect-relaxation processes, preserving their structural, morphological, and optical properties under high-energy gamma irradiation, which will be a useful potential candidate for radiation-resistant coating materials for space applications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"132 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147642334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of thickness on CdO: NiO thin films produced by chemical spray pyrolysis structural and optical properties","authors":"R. S. Mohammed,&nbsp;Ayat M. Mubarak,&nbsp;Noor H. Nsaif,&nbsp;M. H. AL-Timimi,&nbsp;Khalil Taha Jadaan","doi":"10.1007/s00339-026-09550-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-026-09550-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>CdO: NiO films with nano-scale dimensions were deposited on glass substrates at different thicknesses utilized thermal chemical spray pyrolysis technique. The prepare films were characterized with XRD, FE-SEM, and Uv-Vis were employed. XRD analysis confirmed a cubic phase with preferred (111) growth direction. crystalline. FE-SEM studies demonstrated multiple morphologies of nanostructures as semispherical. The optical properties were tested in the range 300–900 nm wavelength, the optical band gap <i>E</i>_<i>g</i> shifted from 2.83 to 2.37 eV, showing a clear correlation with the film thickness.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"132 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147642810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuning the hydrothermal synthesis of La 0.5Sr 0.5Ni 0.5Cu 0.5O3 perovskite on FTO: Toward enhanced electrochemical glucose detection","authors":"Mohanad D. Humadi,&nbsp;Odai N. Salman,&nbsp;Mukhlis Ismail","doi":"10.1007/s00339-026-09546-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-026-09546-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The novelty of this work is the utilization of direct hydrothermal deposition of La _0.5Sr _0.5Ni _0.5Cu _0.5O₃ on FTO substrates. The goal of this work is to describe the manufacturing, structural characterization, optical evaluation, and electrical operation of the nanostructured La _0.5Sr _0.5Ni _0.5Cu _0.5O₃ (LSNC) perovskite films. These films were synthesized utilizing the technique of direct hydrothermal deposition. Increasing the hydrothermal reaction time from 2 h to 6 h played a significant role in enhancing the crystallinity, optical behavior, and electrochemical activity of the materials. X-ray diffraction (XRD) study provided evidence that perovskite structures were formed directly on FTO substrates. When compared to its counterpart, the LSNC-6 h sample had peaks that were substantially sharper and more intense. This indicated enhanced crystallinity, increased crystallite size, and less lattice strain due to the extended duration. UV–Vis spectrophotometry corroborated these results. The LSNC-6 h films exhibited enhanced light absorption, an expanded optical reaction, and a reduced optical bandgap relative to the LSNC-2 h sample. The reduction in bandgap energy is ascribed to improved electronic interactions among Ni³⁺/Cu²⁺ centers and the more organized perovskite lattice produced during extended reaction times. This enhanced optical behavior benefits glucose sensing by reinforcing electron-transfer routes and augmenting the density of accessible active sites. SEM morphological analysis indicated that extended hydrothermal treatment enhances particle connection, facilitates smoother film development, and increases surface area availability, hence improving electrochemical performance. Electrochemical tests demonstrated that LSNC-6 h electrodes have markedly increased glucose oxidation currents, enhanced sensitivity, and greater resistance to interference compared to the 2-hour samples. This study shows that extended hydrothermal production not only enriches the structure and morphological characteristics of LSNC perovskites but additionally markedly improves their optical along with electrochemical capabilities. The amalgamation of steady optical absorption, reduced bandgap, high clarity, and superior glucose sensing capabilities underscores the promise of LSNC, especially the 6-hour films, as formidable contenders in future enzyme-free glucose detection methods.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"132 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147642529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}