Applied Physics A最新文献

{"title":"Advanced morphological characterization of N:ZnO thin films by RF magnetron sputtering and thermal annealing","authors":"Ştefan Ţălu,&nbsp;Shahram Solaymani,&nbsp;Niloofar Tajbakhsh,&nbsp;Laya Dejam,&nbsp;Jamshid Sabbaghzadeh,&nbsp;Mojtaba Mohammadpour","doi":"10.1007/s00339-025-08412-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-025-08412-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the growth of nitrogen-doped zinc oxide (N: ZnO) thin films on silicon (Si) substrates using RF magnetron sputtering. X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), were used to analyze the films. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was employed to examine the grain size, distribution, and surface morphology. Results indicated that the annealing temperature significantly influenced surface texture, with a peak in roughness observed at 500 °C. They also contribute to the understanding of (N: ZnO) thin films’ stability and potential applications in optoelectronic devices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143602216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of zinc ferrite nanomaterials vis-à-vis studies on their photocatalytic application in visible light dye degradation","authors":"Toton Sarkar,&nbsp;Sani Kundu,&nbsp;Gurupada Ghorai,&nbsp;Pratap Kumar Sahoo,&nbsp;V. Raghavendra Reddy,&nbsp;Ashis Bhattacharjee","doi":"10.1007/s00339-025-08370-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-025-08370-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In present study, the synthesis of zinc ferrite (ZnFe₂O₄) nanomaterials using <i>Pleurotus ostreatus</i> (<i>Oyster mushroom</i>) extract using bio-inspired green method is reported. The synthesized ZnFe₂O₄ nanomaterials are characterized using techniques likes XRD, FTIR, Raman, absorption, photoluminescence, SEM, HR-TEM and magnetic studies. X-ray diffraction analysis confirm the structure, purity and extract control nanoscale size (16.00–28.08 nm) of the ZnFe₂O₄ nanomaterials. FTIR, Raman, UV–Vis, and photoluminescence studies support the formation of pure ZnFe₂O₄ nanomaterials. FT-IR analysis identifies different functional groups present in the ZnFe₂O₄ nanomaterials, while Raman spectra show characteristic peaks corresponding to ZnFe₂O₄ spinel structures. UV–Vis–NIR absorption spectra, which also show a number of electronic transitions connected to absorption bands and allow estimation of direct (2.19–2.30 eV) and indirect (1.50–1.54 eV) energy band gap values. The absorption data is utilized to calculate Urbach energy (0.37–0.40 eV), which describe the role of defects in these materials. Photoluminescence spectra display two peaks (one in visible region and the others in NIR region) indicating the presence of different defect levels in the nanoparticles. From SEM/TEM images the surface morphology, size, shape, and distribution of the nanoparticles are explored. These ZnFe₂O₄ nanomaterials show photocatalytic activity under the irradiation of visible light, degrading Methylene Blue and Rose Bengal dyes in water without additional additives. The photodegradation reaction rates are determined, showcasing the potential of these materials in environmental nano remediation. Photodegradation efficiency strongly depends on catalyst’s size, dose and reaction temperature. Controlling the optimizing condition faster photodegradation rate can be achieved. Noted that the catalyst can be recycled. Here, the dye degradation mechanism is discussed. Scavenger test indicates that the OH* radicals majorly lead the photodegradation process. Overall, present study highlights the significant influence of <i>Oyster mushroom</i> extract on the structural, optical and photocatalytic properties of the green synthesized ZnFe₂O₄ nanomaterials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143602218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fundamental investigations of burst pulse laser ablation on WC-Co composites","authors":"Philipp Rebentrost,&nbsp;Daniel Metzner,&nbsp;Steffen Weißmantel","doi":"10.1007/s00339-025-08379-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-025-08379-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The increasing prevalence of high-power ultra-short pulsed laser systems necessitate the efficient use of energy for high-throughput processes. A promising approach involves the utilisation of ultra-short burst pulses, characterised by intra-burst rates in the MHz and GHz ranges, including their combination as Bi-bursts. These burst modes offer significant advantages over single-pulse methods, including enhanced ablation efficiency, superior surface quality, and controlled melt dynamics. In this study, cemented tungsten carbide was irradiated with various burst modes to investigate process efficiency, productivity and the resulting topography in relation to temporal energy distribution and burst pulse numbers. The results were compared with those obtained in single-pulse mode, revealing significant benefits in both productivity and quality. Following the initial ablation, an additional irradiation was conducted using the GHz-burst mode by varying the number of scans and burst pulses, which further reduced surface roughness by smoothing the topographies generated during the initial ablation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperature-dependent electric conductivity and radiation-shielding parameters of Fe2O3-doped aluminum calcium-berated amorphous solid at different frequencies","authors":"Hosam M. Gomaa,&nbsp;A. A. Bendary,&nbsp;Dalal Abdullah Aloraini,&nbsp;Kh. S. Shaaban","doi":"10.1007/s00339-025-08406-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-025-08406-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates how Fe₂O₃ influences the structural-nature, electrical-behavior, and dielectric relaxation properties of calcium-aluminum borate-based glass, focusing on its potential for radiation shielding, dielectric relaxation, and conductivity improvement. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis shows that Fe₂O₃ content increases diffraction counts, suggesting enhanced crystallite formation and higher glass density, without altering the glasschv’s amorphous nature. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analysis reveals changes in vibrational modes, particularly those associated with transition metal vibrations, suggesting that Fe₂O₃ affects the glass’s chemical bonding, especially increasing OH group amplitude, which impacts the dielectric constant. Electrical conductivity increases with Fe₂O₃ content, showing thermally activated frequency-dependent behavior. The study also highlights the role of Fe cations in enhancing conductivity through the hopping mechanism, though it does not affect the nonbridging oxygen concentration. The dielectric relaxation behavior is analyzed using the Cole–Cole model, revealing changes in relaxation times and activation energies, making Fe-rich glasses suitable for energy storage and solid-state applications. For radiation shielding, Fe₂O₃ incorporation improves the ability of the calcium-aluminum borate-based glass to attenuate radiation, as demonstrated by higher linear attenuation coefficients (μ), lower half-value layers (HVL), and lower mean free paths (MFP) for Fe-rich samples. The x-30 sample (30% Fe₂O₃) exhibits superior shielding compared to samples with lower Fe₂O₃ content, showing enhanced performance in γ-ray and neutron attenuation. Finally, the study finding that Fe₂O₃ significantly improves the shielding capabilities of calcium-aluminum borate glasses, with x-30 being the most effective, makes it a promising candidate for radiation protection applications.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the contribution of the mean free path in Co to the magnetoresistance in Co/Cu multilayers","authors":"Bassem Elsafi","doi":"10.1007/s00339-025-08377-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-025-08377-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The mean free path (MFP) within the Co layer is systematically varied between 10 Å and 500 Å. This variation allows for the investigation of its effect on the current-in-plane magnetoresistance (MR) of Co/Cu angstrom-scale multilayers. The study also explores the influence of surface roughness on the magnetotransport properties of these structures. To analyze the role of interfacial features, two interface configurations are examined: one with a smooth interface and the other with a rough interface. This comparative study highlights how interface quality impacts the magnetic behaviour of the multilayers. Numerical simulations show that MR decreases with MFP for smooth interfaces but may either increase or decrease with MFP for rough interfaces, depending on the electron spin diffusion mechanisms at the Co/Cu interface. The magnitude of MR is strongly dependent on surface roughness, with variations in interfacial characteristics leading to significant differences in MR behaviour. These results emphasize the critical role of both interface quality and surface roughness in determining MR characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermally tunable topological transmission of elastic waves in solid phononic crystals","authors":"Yangyang Chu,&nbsp;Tong Sun,&nbsp;Zhifeng Zhang,&nbsp;Zhaohong Wang","doi":"10.1007/s00339-025-08393-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-025-08393-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Elastic wave topology materials have attracted widespread attention due to their protection by topological properties, which can accurately guide and control the propagation path of elastic waves. However, the band gaps and topological states in most current metamaterials lack tunability, which limits their practical applications. To enhance the functionality and convenience of elastic wave modulation in engineering applications and achieve the adjustment of the band structures, a solid phononic crystal structure with thermally tunable topological transmission is designed in this paper. Firstly, the effect of temperature on the bulk band structure is investigated by numerical calculations and theoretical analysis, respectively. Then, the topological edge states existing in the structure are found by calculating the dispersion relation of acoustic metamaterial supercells. Topological transmission channels for elastic waves are then designed based on these edge states to enable precise wave guidance. Furthermore, the frequency range of the topological transmission channel can be adjusted by regulating the temperature, thereby achieving non-contact active regulation of the topological transmission frequency. This study may provide a feasible solution to realize elastic wave modulation by using topological states.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A detailed analysis of linear/nonlinear optical properties of boro-tellurite glasses reinforced with ZrO2 for optoelectronics applications","authors":"Marwa A. El-Sayed,&nbsp;Nada Alfryyan,&nbsp;Norah A. M. Alsaif,&nbsp;Hanan Al-Ghamdi,&nbsp;A. S. Abouhaswa,&nbsp;A. M. Abdelghany,&nbsp;Y. S. Rammah,&nbsp;M. Moustafa,&nbsp;Asmaa M. O. M. Okasha","doi":"10.1007/s00339-025-08386-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-025-08386-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Samples of boro-tellurite glasses reinforced with ZrO₂ with chemical formula (51-X)B₂O₃/XZrO₂/10Li₂O/20TeO₂/19CaO: X = 0 (Zr-0), 1 (Zr-1), 2 (Zr-2), 3 (Zr-3), and 5 (Zr-5) mol% were prepared by the melt-quenching technique. A detailed analysis for linear and nonlinear optical properties was presented. In UV–Vis range, the absorption peak of Zr-X samples shifted towards longer wavelengths. The direct optical gap energy <span>(left( {E_{g}^{direct} } right))</span> varied from 3.708 ± 0.001 eV to 3.523 ± 0.001 eV, while the indirect optical gap energy <span>(left( {E_{g}^{indirect} } right))</span> varied from 3.395 ± 0.001 eV to 3.176 ± 0.001 eV. Urbach energy (<span>(E_{u})</span>) changed from 0.502 ± 0.001 eV to 0.585 ± 0.001 eV. The linear dielectric susceptibility <span>(left( {chi^{left( 1 right)} } right))</span> increased from 0.341 to 0.361. The linear refractive index (n) enhanced from 2.298 ± 0.001 to 2.351 ± 0.001. Non-linear susceptibility (<span>(chi^{left( 3 right)})</span>) was changed from 2.406 × 10^–15 esu to 2.049 × 10^–15 esu. The non-linear refractive index (<span>(n_{2})</span>) for Zr-X glasses was decreased from 3.944 × 10^–14 esu to 3.284 × 10^–14 esu. Both optical (σ_optical) and electrical (σ_electric) conductivity were increased as ZrO₂ content increased. The observed optical changes are useful for solar cell and optoelectronics application.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A highly sensitive flexible pressure sensor based on nanoarchitectonics with biomimetic petal structure","authors":"Yi Wang,&nbsp;Jiawei Zhai,&nbsp;Angxu Duan,&nbsp;Shuai Yang,&nbsp;Luhua Chen,&nbsp;Zijie Wang,&nbsp;Jinhui Song","doi":"10.1007/s00339-025-08401-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-025-08401-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Flexible capacitive pressure sensors play a crucial role in the field of wearable electronics. Presently, most flexible capacitive pressure sensors choose polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as the material of the dielectric layer, because of its excellent elasticity and biocompatibility. However, these flexible pressure sensors suffer from low sensitivity because the uniform dielectric layer has a fixed relative dielectric constant (RDC). Researchers have developed microstructured dielectric layers to achieve pressure-induced changable RDC, so as to enhance the sensor sensitivity. However, the typical process of fabricating microstructures is complex, and the enhancement in sensor sensitivity is limited. Here, we report a simple and effective biomimetic strategy to enhance the sensor sensitivity. First, the petal microstructure is replicated with PDMS. Then, a 180 nm zinc oxide (ZnO) layer is sputtered to form a pressure sensitive layer, which will possess a pressure sensitive and changeable RDC. The as-fabricated biomimetic-petal-microstructure sensor (BPMS) achieves an average sensitivity of up to 0.28 kPa^− 1 (0–2 kPa), a fast response time of 0.1 s, and good stability over 1,000 cycles of operations, showing a broad application prospect in wearable electronics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuning thermodynamics properties of AA stacked bilayer graphene due to lattice vibrations and magnetic field","authors":"Hamed Rezania,&nbsp;Farshad Azizi","doi":"10.1007/s00339-025-08362-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-025-08362-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Electronic and thermodynamic properties of simple stacked bilayer graphene taking into account the effects of interaction between electrons and Einstein phonons have been addressed. Specially we study the temperature dependence of Pauli paramagnetic spin susceptibility and specific heat of the structure. Also the energy dependence of density of states due to effects of electron–phonon coupling strength and bias voltage has been analyzed. The effects of electron–phonon coupling strength and external magnetic field on thermodynamic properties of the system have been studied. Green’s function method has been implemented to obtain electronic properties of the system in the context of Holstein model Hamiltonian. One loop electronic self-energy of the model Hamiltonian has been obtained in order to find interacting electronic Green’s function. The specific heat and spin susceptibility of bilayer graphene in the presence of electron–phonon coupling can be readily found using interacting Green’s function. We find numerical results for temperature dependence of specific heat and spin susceptibility in the presence of Holstein phonons. Our results show increasing electron–phonon coupling leads to enhance zero temperature limit of spin susceptibility of bilayer graphene. Also the height of peak in temperature dependence of specific heat reduces with increase of bias voltage, coupling strength and magnetic field.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143583500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancement of spinel ferrite nanoparticles radiation protection using nitrogen ion beam from cold grid cathode penning ion source","authors":"S. M. Mahmoud,&nbsp;A. M. Abdel Reheem,&nbsp;H. M. El‑Sayed,&nbsp;H. El‑Khabeary","doi":"10.1007/s00339-025-08376-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-025-08376-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, the input electrical discharge characteristics and output ion beam current from cold grid cathode Penning ion source are improved using four samarium cobalt permanent magnet rods at different pressures and gases. The optimum magnetic field intensity is determined at constant pressure using argon gas. The output ion beam current at the optimum magnetic field intensity is measured at different pressures using argon gas. Comparison between the output ion beam current without magnetic field and at optimum magnetic field intensity at constant pressure is made using argon gas. It is found that the output ion beam current values at the optimum magnetic field intensity increases about twice its initial values without magnetic field. Spinel ferrite nanoparticles samples are prepared using hydrothermal method. The synthesized lead doped Cadmium ferrite nanoparticles samples is exposed to optimum nitrogen ion beam from cold grid cathode Penning ion source to show its ability to attenuate different gamma ray energies emitted from radiation sources. Linear attenuation coefficient and ten value thickness of the samples are determined from measurements using a collimated gamma ray from Cobalt-60 and CS-137 sources before and after exposure to nitrogen ion beam. Also, particle size and surface area of the samples at different lead concentrations before and after exposure to nitrogen ion beam are determined. It is found that after exposure lead doped cadmium ferrite nanoparticles samples to nitrogen ion beam led to improve its radiation protection properties of the samples.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143583499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}