Applied Physics A最新文献

{"title":"Optıcal propertıes of gamma ırradıated hdpe/gaas composıte fılms","authors":"N. N. Gadzhieva,&nbsp;N. A. Aliyeva,&nbsp;R. A. Mammadov,&nbsp;G. B. Akhmedova,&nbsp;R. M. Mamishova","doi":"10.1007/s00339-026-09637-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-026-09637-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper presents the results of a UV–Vis spectroscopic study on the optical properties of HDPE polymer films and HDPE/GaAs composite films subjected to gamma irradiation at doses of Ф_γ = 100, 200, and 300 kGy at room temperature. The absorption coefficient (αhν) was determined, and the dependencies of (αhν)² and (αhν)^1/2 on the incident photon energy (hν) were obtained for the initial and γ-irradiated HDPE and HDPE/GaAs films. The energy of optical forbidden band gap (E_g) for direct and indirect transitions were evaluated according the Mott -Davis model, and dose-dependent relationship for Eg was constructed. A comparison of these dependencies reveals that all curves exhibit a linear trend. For direct transitions, the curves are nearly parallel, while for indirect transitions, the slopes differ by of ~ 1,5 times. The observed radiation-induced effects in the optical properties of the investigated films are discussed in terms of changes in their electronic structure and the nature of interactions at the polymer–semiconductor interface.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"132 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147797141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid Co‑Ce oxide/Ni‑P electrocatalysts for efficient alkaline oxygen evolution reaction","authors":"Zahra Davoodi,&nbsp;Seyyed Alireza Hosseini,&nbsp;Soghra Ghorbanzadeh,&nbsp;Mostafa Alishahi","doi":"10.1007/s00339-026-09564-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-026-09564-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Efficient, non-noble metal oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts are crucial for scalable alkaline water electrolysis. Here, we report a two-step synthesis of a hybrid electrocatalyst consisting of a Co-Ce mixed oxide nanostructure (CoCe) deposited on carbon paper (CP) by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) and subsequently decorated with ultrafine Ni-P nanoparticles (NP) via an electroless plating route (CoCeNP). The Ni-P phase provides metallic conductivity, while the Co-Ce oxide supplies abundant redox-active sites and oxygen-vacancy channels. The resulting CoCeNP electrode delivers low overpotentials of 310 mV at 10 mA.cm^− 2, 400 mV at 50 mA.cm^− 2, and 500 mV at 100 mA.cm^− 2 in 1.0 M KOH. A small Tafel slope of 56 mVdec^− 1 indicates favorable reaction kinetics. Electrochemical surface area analysis reveals a 40-fold enhancement in double-layer capacitance (from 1.9 to 76 mF.cm^− 2), corresponding to a substantial increase in accessible active sites. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy shows a reduced charge-transfer resistance of 86.06 Ω compared to 1.62 Ω for CoCeNP. The synergistic electronic coupling between CoCe and NP is identified as the origin of the superior activity, highlighting the potential of hybrid oxide/metal-phosphide architectures for cost-effective water splitting.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"132 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147796985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mixed alkali effect in Na2O-Li2O glass-ceramics: studies of physical properties and transport phenomena","authors":"Rakesh Ram,&nbsp;Sanjib Bhattacharya","doi":"10.1007/s00339-026-09653-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-026-09653-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the present work, the mixed alkali effect (MAE) in a Na₂O–Li₂O–ZnO–PbCl₂ glassy system based on Na–Li combinations was investigated using powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), density and molar volume measurements, complex impedance analysis, DC and AC conductivity, and dielectric relaxation studies. The average crystallite size exhibits a minimum at a relative composition of 0.85, while the density shows a minimum at a relative composition of 0.5. These observations indicate that both crystallite size and density clearly demonstrate the presence of the MAE. The ionic DC conductivity and hopping conductivity also show a pronounced MAE, decreasing by more than four orders of magnitude at 513 K for the Na–Li alkali pair in the present system. This behavior suggests that the MAE can be interpreted as a natural consequence of random ion mixing, wherein ion transport is favored between energetically well-matched sites. Consequently, the MAE arises due to structural mismatch between neighboring sites occupied by dissimilar ions. Furthermore, dielectric coupling between the slower Na⁺ ions and the faster Li⁺ ions may contribute to the MAE in the present system, leading to phenomena such as volume relaxation and the wave-shaped nature of viscosity. The primary objective of this study is to elucidate the fundamental mechanisms underlying the MAE in mixed alkali glass-ceramics, correlating structural, electrical, and dielectric properties with ionic transport phenomena. From an application perspective, understanding and controlling the MAE in these materials can enable tailoring of ionic conductivity and dielectric behavior, making the system promising for battery electrolytes, energy storage devices, dielectric components, and optical applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"132 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147796986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of a two-dimensional self-similar acoustic metamaterial with ultra-wide band gaps via genetic algorithm optimization","authors":"Chuang Zhou,&nbsp;Qi Li","doi":"10.1007/s00339-026-09617-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-026-09617-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Acoustic metamaterials enable precise control of sound and elastic waves through engineered microstructures rather than relying on intrinsic material properties, offering great potential for vibration isolation and noise reduction. In this work, we propose a two-dimensional rhombic acoustic metamaterial obtained by introducing a self-similar transformation into a pentamode-inspired lattice. The self-similar architecture converts the original quasi-fluid pentamode response into a structure exhibiting pronounced elastic-wave band gaps. A binary-coded genetic algorithm (GA) is then employed to optimize six key geometric parameters with respect to two objectives: maximizing the widest single band gap and maximizing the cumulative band gap width below 12 kHz. Numerical results show that the optimized self-similar design increases the total band gap width from 4019 to 8653 Hz within 0–12 kHz, corresponding to a band gap coverage of 72.1% in this range, while the single widest gap is enlarged by about 10%. For the final optimal total band gap design, the reported gap intervals were further checked by a full first-Brillouin-zone scan. Parametric studies further clarify the influence of the arm-radius ratio and constituent materials on the band gap distribution. Harmonic-response simulations and vibration-transmission experiments on 3D-printed samples confirm that the optimized structure strongly suppresses elastic-wave propagation within the predicted band gaps. These findings demonstrate that combining self-similar structural design with GA-based parameter optimization provides an effective route to achieving ultrawide-band acoustic metamaterials for broadband vibration isolation and noise control applications. </p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"132 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147797103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical-fueled green combustion synthesis of CeFeO₃ perovskite for multifunctional photocatalytic, optoelectronic, antioxidant, and electrochemical sensing applications","authors":"A. P. Nagendra Babu,&nbsp;R. Chaithra,&nbsp;C. G. Renuka","doi":"10.1007/s00339-026-09615-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-026-09615-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Using Argyria cuneata (AC) and Macroptilium atropurpureum (MA) biofuels, this study synthesises multifunctional cerium ferrite nanostructures using phytochemical combustion. XRD confirmed the synthesis of nanocrystalline, orthorhombic CeFeO₃ with high phase purity and structural integrity. Optical analysis showed dense defect-tail states and significant electron–phonon coupling with direct and indirect band gaps of 3.06–3.11 eV and 2.39–2.43 eV, respectively, and Urbach energies of 0.525–0.595 eV. The visible emission range of 461–697 nm in photoluminescence spectra is dominated by green and orange-red channels from oxygen vacancies, intervalence Fe²⁺/Fe³⁺ transitions, and Ce³⁺ 5d → 4f relaxations. MA-derived CeFeO₃ showed red-shifted emission, longer carrier lifetime, and improved chromatic stability of CRI = 91, CCT = 4684 K, while AC-derived CeFeO₃ showed stronger near-band-edge emission and higher photocatalytic degradation efficiency of 89.04% at 0.01826 h ⁻¹. Electrochemical studies showed a dynamic Ce³⁺/Ce⁴⁺-Fe²⁺/Fe³⁺ redox exchange with a diffusion coefficient of 2.75 × 10^–4 cm² s⁻¹, enabling sensitive detection of leucine and isoleucine. MA-CeFeO₃'s increased antioxidant activity of IC₅₀ = 772 mg mL⁻¹ confirmed its strong surface redox kinetics. The development of optoelectronic coupling, defect-mediated recombination, and lattice energetics demonstrates biofuel-engineered CeFeO₃ as a sustainable<b>,</b> high-performance material for photocatalytic and optoelectronic applications.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"132 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147797104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Charge transport and dielectric relaxation in green-synthesized chitosan-ZnO nanocomposites","authors":"T. A. Minnath,&nbsp;P. Mujeeb Rahman,&nbsp;M. Lahan,&nbsp;M. R. Namrith,&nbsp;K. F Afra,&nbsp;Rafeeque Puthiyottil,&nbsp;M. T. Ramesan","doi":"10.1007/s00339-026-09651-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-026-09651-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Polymer-based nanocomposites have drawn growing interest because of their tunable electrical properties, which are largely governed by interfacial polarization and thermally activated charge transport mechanisms. In this work, chitosan-zinc oxide nanocomposite films were successfully prepared using a simple and eco-friendly green method by integrating different contents of ZnO nanoparticles into the chitosan matrix. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the coexistence of semicrystalline chitosan and the characteristic wurtzite phase of ZnO, indicating successful incorporation of the inorganic phase into the chitosan matrix. Fieldemission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) demonstrated uniform dispersion of ZnO nanoparticles at lower filler concentrations, while partial agglomeration was observed at higher loadings, influencing the microstructural homogeneity of the films. The electrical properties of the nanocomposites were systematically studied through AC conductivity, dielectric constant, dielectric loss, impedance, and electric modulus analyses over a wide frequency and temperature range. The electrical response showed a strong dependence of electrical behaviour on both ZnO content and temperature, reflecting the dominant role of interfacial effects and hopping-type charge transport mechanisms. Among the different compositions studied, the nanocomposite containing 4 wt% ZnO displayed the highest AC conductivity and dielectric permittivity, which can be attributed to improved interfacial polarization and optimized charge transport channels without significant particle aggregation. Overall, this study displays a clear relationship between microstructural features, filler concentration, and charge transport dynamics, underlining the promising potential of chitosan-ZnO nanocomposites for applications in flexible electronic devices, sensing devices, and solid polymer electrolytes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"132 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147796952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microwave assisted synthesize of Bi@g-C3N4/TiO2 composite as photoanode in DSSCs: experimental and theoretical study","authors":"Ivan H. Hameed,&nbsp;Shinwar A. Idrees,&nbsp;Maher K. Ali","doi":"10.1007/s00339-026-09643-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-026-09643-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the fabrication and characterization of microwaves assisted Bismuth-doped graphitic carbon nitride (Bi@g-C₃N₄)composite into TiO₂ as a photoanode material, for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). The effect of Bi@g-C₃N₄/TiO₂ was evaluated through photovoltaic performance measurements, revealing significant increases in power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 2.70% for Pure TiO₂ to 9.22% for Bi@g-C₃N₄/TiO₂, which are sensitized with anthocyanin at acidic medium. This improvement areattributed to improved light harvesting and reduced charge recombination. Additionally, the fill factor was improved from 0.46 to 0.50, respectively. The structural and compositional properties of Bi@g-C₃N₄/TiO₂ were characterized using FTIR, XRD, SEM, EDX, and DRS. For a better understanding of the practical work, theoretical studies were performed for Bi@g-C₃N₄ as a photoanode for DSSCs. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrate that bismuth doping reduces the band gap, which introduces extra states, hence, enhances the density of states near the Fermi level, leading to more visible-light absorption and charge carrier density. As for optical properties, specifically dielectric function and conductivity spectra show better polarization effect and electron mobility. The molecular orbital study of Anthocyanin&amp;Bi@g-C₃N₄ also shows more energy level order, which facilitates electron injection and charge separation. SEM and EDX results show the good dispersion of porous nanoparticles with homogeneous composition, where 7.36% Bi by weight is present, indicating successful doping and composite formation. The efficiency is also improved in acidic medium (pH1), showing improved charge separation and reduced recombination, while at higher pH values, lower efficiencies are observed (1.04% at pH 7 and 0.54% at pH 12). Furthermore, DFT and TD-DFT calculations show that Bi doping facilitates electron injection, recombination barriers are reduced, and absorption peaks are also shifted from 456 nm to 491 nm, which improve light harvesting and efficiency. Finally, the synergistic increase in light harvesting, charge generation, and transport makes Bi@g-C₃N₄ a good candidate for high-efficiency photovoltaic applications. </p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"132 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147797102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precipitation hardening behavior of induction sintered Al-5Mg-1.8Li (wt%) alloy","authors":"Debabrata Das,&nbsp;Suresh Bandi,&nbsp;Upender Pandel,&nbsp;Vijay Navaratna Nadakuduru","doi":"10.1007/s00339-026-09639-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-026-09639-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This work presents the precipitation hardenability studies of Al-5Mg-1.8Li (wt%) alloy produced by mechanical alloying followed by induction sintering. The induction sintering is a high-speed sintering technique. The sintering was done at 550 °C for 3 min, and the whole process finishes within 5 min. The alloy displays a poor sinter density (77.5%) and hardness (85.6 HV) due to the low sintering and unavoidable precipitation of secondary phases. The treatment of solutionizing followed by water-quenching of sintered alloy resulted in remarkable improvement in density and microhardness, with values of 95 and 150 HV, respectively. It also forms a solid solution at this stage by dissolving all the precipitates in the α-Al. Precipitation hardening at 150 °C (up to 15 h) has significantly contributed to enhancing the mechanical properties with the controlled re-precipitation of δ′. With the increase in δ′, the hardness is observed to be 154 HV to 170 HV for under aging to peak aging conditions. However, the increased precipitation of the S1 phase decreases the hardness to 145.4 HV in over-aging conditions.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"132 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147797143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Publisher Correction: Plasmonic ‘L’ array chiral cavity metasurface for strong chiroptical response and refractive index sensing","authors":"P. Mandal","doi":"10.1007/s00339-026-09636-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-026-09636-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"132 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147796649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the structural stability, electronic properties, and thermoelectric performance of graphene enhanced (BA)₂SnI₄ two-dimensional halide perovskite for advanced thermoelectric applications","authors":"Ife Elegbeleye,&nbsp;Chewe Fwalo,&nbsp;Edwin Mapasha,&nbsp;Eric Maluta,&nbsp;Regina Maphanga","doi":"10.1007/s00339-026-09632-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-026-09632-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The toxicity of lead and instability remain primary obstacles limiting the widespread application of perovskite materials. Two-dimensional (2D) perovskites have demonstrated significantly improved stability compared to their three-dimensional (3D) counterparts due to enhanced hydrophobicity and resistance to degradation. However, studies investigating the thermoelectric potential of 2D perovskites remain limited, underscoring the need for a deeper understanding of their behavior and scalability for electronic and thermoelectric applications. In this study, density functional theory (DFT) is employed to investigate the structural stability, electronic properties, and thermoelectric performance of graphene-enhanced 2D (BA)₂SnI₄ perovskites. Graphene is of particular interest due to its large surface area, flexibility, transparency, and high charge-carrier mobility. Our results indicate that pristine (BA)₂SnI₄ exhibit semiconducting characteristics with well-defined band gap, making it suitable as a light-absorbing layer in optoelectronic devices. It also exhibits excellent thermoelectric performance, with a high Seebeck coefficient, peak power factor of 1.6 × 10⁻² W·m⁻¹·K⁻², and maximum figure of merit (ZT) of 3.5 at 100 K, making it ideal for low-temperature thermoelectric applications. Moreover, incorporating graphene improves electrical conductivity and stabilizes the power factor at 200–800 K, increases thermal conductivity while lowering the Seebeck coefficient and ZT to &lt; 0.3. These results reveal an offset between stability and thermoelectric efficiency, pristine (BA)₂SnI₄ is optimal for low-temperature thermoelectrics, whereas graphene-modified systems, despite having lower ZT, are promising for moderate-to-high temperature applications wherein enhanced conductivity and thermal stability are crucial.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"132 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00339-026-09632-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147796564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}