Carbon Letters最新文献

Investigating structural disparities in carbon nanoribbons and nanobelts through spectroscopies 通过光谱学研究碳纳米带和纳米颗粒的结构差异

IF 5.5 3区材料科学

Carbon Letters Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1007/s42823-024-00825-y

Jungpil Kim

{"title":"Investigating structural disparities in carbon nanoribbons and nanobelts through spectroscopies","authors":"Jungpil Kim","doi":"10.1007/s42823-024-00825-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42823-024-00825-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, simulated X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman spectroscopy were utilized to differentiate the carbon nanoribbons (CNRs) and carbon nanobelts (CNBs) with different edges. CNRs, characterized by linear, extended π-conjugated systems, and CNBs, featuring closed-loop, cyclic structures, exhibit distinct bandgaps influenced by edge configuration and molecular structure. CNBs generally possess smaller bandgaps than GNRs due to enhanced π-conjugation and electron delocalization in their curved structures. Specifically, the bandgaps of zigzag-edged GNRs and CNBs are smaller than those of their armchair-edged counterparts. These differences in electronic states cause shifts in the position of the C1s XPS peaks. ANR and ANB exhibit lower binding energies (BEs) compared to ZNR and ZNB. The peak position differences, which are 1.3 eV between ZNR and ANR and 0.5 eV between ZNB and ANB, highlight how edge configuration can differentiate structures within the same ribbon or belt type. While ZNR and ZNB have nearly identical peak positions, rendering them hard to distinguish, the 0.9 eV difference between ANR and ANB allows for clear differentiation. In ZNR and ZNB, strong bands from C–H bending and C–C stretching were observed, with slight differences in band positions allowing for structural differentiation. In ANR and ANB, the Kekulé vibration band was most intense, appearing at lower wavenumbers in ANB. Additionally, ANB showed unique C–C stretching bands at 1483 and 1581 cm<sup>−1</sup>, which were barely observed in ANR. This study lays the groundwork for future spectroscopic analysis of GNRs and CNBs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":506,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Letters","volume":"34 9","pages":"2447 - 2453"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142645604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction: Upcycling of waste masks into carbon nanotubes combined with ZIF-8 for the detection of heavy-metal ions and nitrite 更正：将废弃掩膜升级再造为碳纳米管，并与 ZIF-8 结合用于检测重金属离子和亚硝酸盐

IF 5.5 3区材料科学

Carbon Letters Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.1007/s42823-024-00797-z

Tong Han, Ying-Ai Piao, Long-Yue Meng, Biao Jin

引用次数: 0

Process study of ceramic membrane treatment for water treatment residuals from lake and reservoir water purification plants in severe cold regions 严寒地区湖泊和水库净水厂水处理残留物的陶瓷膜处理工艺研究

IF 5.5 3区材料科学

Carbon Letters Pub Date : 2024-07-12 DOI: 10.1007/s42823-024-00769-3

Tiefu Xu, Yu Huang, Wenfei Ye, Man Wang, Yuejia Chen, Hong Yang, Binqiao Ren

{"title":"Process study of ceramic membrane treatment for water treatment residuals from lake and reservoir water purification plants in severe cold regions","authors":"Tiefu Xu, Yu Huang, Wenfei Ye, Man Wang, Yuejia Chen, Hong Yang, Binqiao Ren","doi":"10.1007/s42823-024-00769-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42823-024-00769-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The cost of treating water purification plant water treatment residuals is high, with a low recovery rate and unstable effluent water quality, particularly in plants using lake and reservoir water sources in severe cold regions. Maximizing water resource utilization requires integrating water treatment residuals concentration and treatment effectively. Here, ceramic membrane technology was employed to separate supernatant and substrate after pretreatment. Optimal settling was achieved using 75 μm magnetic powder at 200 and 4 mg/L of nonionic polyacrylamide co-injection. Approximately 65% of the separated supernatant was processed by 0.1–0.2 μm Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> ceramic membranes, yielding a membrane flux of 50 L/m<sup>2</sup>h and a water recovery rate of 99.8%. This resulted in removal rates of 99.3% for turbidity, 98.2% for color, and 87.7% for color and permanganate index (chemical oxygen demand, COD). Furthermore, 35% of the separated substrate underwent treatment with 0.1–0.2 μm mixed ceramic membranes of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and SiC, achieving a membrane flux of 40 L/m<sup>2</sup>h and a water recovery rate of 73.8%. The removal rates for turbidity, color, and COD were 99.9%, 99.9%, and 82%, respectively. Overall, this process enables comprehensive concentration and treatment integration, achieving a water recovery rate of 90.7% with safe and stable effluent water quality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":506,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Letters","volume":"34 9","pages":"2399 - 2410"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141614759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of microcrystalline structure on compressive failure of carbon fiber 微晶结构对碳纤维压缩失效的影响

IF 5.5 3区材料科学

Carbon Letters Pub Date : 2024-07-09 DOI: 10.1007/s42823-024-00768-4

Yang Zhang, Ruoyan Wang, Heng Zhang, Yuanjian Tong, Yu Wang

{"title":"Influence of microcrystalline structure on compressive failure of carbon fiber","authors":"Yang Zhang, Ruoyan Wang, Heng Zhang, Yuanjian Tong, Yu Wang","doi":"10.1007/s42823-024-00768-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42823-024-00768-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Carbon fibers (CFs) with different tensile moduli of 280–384 GPa were applied to investigate the relationship between crystalline structure and compressive failure. The carbon chemical structure and crystalline structure were studied by Raman, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The correlation between compressive strength and crystalline structure was investigated. The results showed that the transition point between medium and high tensile modulus was around 310 GPa, and within the range of medium modulus, the compressive strength of CFs improved with the increase of tensile modulus, and the compressive strength also improved with the increase of crystal thickness <i>Lc</i>, crystal width <i>La</i>, and crystal plane orientation; In the high modulus range, the correlation law was opposite, which was mainly influenced by the grain boundary structure. CFs with tensile modulus lower than 310 GPa exhibited bucking and kinking fracture under compressive loading, while shear fracture was observed for CFs with tensile modulus higher than 310 GPa.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":506,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Letters","volume":"34 9","pages":"2389 - 2398"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141575054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of macrostructure of carbon support in preparation of C/Six/C anode materials for lithium-ion batteries via silane decomposition 通过硅烷分解法制备锂离子电池 C/Six/C 负极材料过程中碳载体宏观结构的影响

IF 5.5 3区材料科学

Carbon Letters Pub Date : 2024-07-09 DOI: 10.1007/s42823-024-00756-8

Kyeong Nan Kim, Seok Chang Kang, Sang Wan Seo, Deok Jae Seo, Ji Sun Im, Soo Hong Lee, Jong Yeul Seog

{"title":"Effects of macrostructure of carbon support in preparation of C/Six/C anode materials for lithium-ion batteries via silane decomposition","authors":"Kyeong Nan Kim, Seok Chang Kang, Sang Wan Seo, Deok Jae Seo, Ji Sun Im, Soo Hong Lee, Jong Yeul Seog","doi":"10.1007/s42823-024-00756-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42823-024-00756-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Si-based anodes are promising alternatives to graphite owing to their high capacities. However, their practical application is hindered by severe volume expansion during cycling. Herein, we propose employing a carbon support to address this challenge and utilize Si-based anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Specifically, carbon supports with various pore structures were prepared through KOH and NaOH activation of the pitch. In addition, Si was deposited into the carbon support pores via SiH<sub>4</sub> chemical vapor deposition (CVD), and to enhance the conductivity and mechanical stability, a carbon coating was applied via CH<sub>4</sub> CVD. The electrochemical performance of the C/Si/C composites was assessed, providing insights into their capacity retention rates, cycling stability, rate capability, and lithium-ion diffusion coefficients. Notably, the macrostructure of the carbon support differed significantly depending on the activation agent used. More importantly, the macrostructure of the carbon support significantly affected the Si deposition behavior and enhanced the stability by mitigating the volume expansion of the Si particles. This study elucidated the crucial role of the macrostructure of carbon supports in optimizing Si-based anode materials for LIBs, providing valuable guidance for the design and development of high-performance energy-storage systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":506,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Letters","volume":"34 9","pages":"2305 - 2316"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141575211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Plasma-engineered FeSe2-encapsulated carbon composites with enhanced kinetics for high-performance lithium and sodium ion batteries 用于高性能锂离子和钠离子电池的等离子体工程化 FeSe2-封装碳复合材料具有更强的动力学性能

IF 5.5 3区材料科学

Carbon Letters Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI: 10.1007/s42823-024-00771-9

Junmei Luo, Shufeng Bo, Seohyun Park, Beom-Kyeong Park, Oi Lun Li

{"title":"Plasma-engineered FeSe2-encapsulated carbon composites with enhanced kinetics for high-performance lithium and sodium ion batteries","authors":"Junmei Luo, Shufeng Bo, Seohyun Park, Beom-Kyeong Park, Oi Lun Li","doi":"10.1007/s42823-024-00771-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42823-024-00771-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Iron selenides with high capacity and excellent chemical properties have been considered as outstanding anodes for alkali metal-ion batteries. However, its further development is hindered by sluggish kinetics and fading capacity caused by volume expansion. Herein, a series of FeSe<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles (NPs)-encapsulated carbon composites were successfully synthesized by tailoring the amount of Fe species through facile plasma engineering and followed by a simple selenization transformation process. Such a stable structure can effectively mitigate volume changes and accelerate kinetics, leading to excellent electrochemical performance. The optimized electrode (FeSe<sub>2</sub>@C<sub><i>2</i></sub>) exhibits outstanding reversible capacity of 853.1 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> after 150 cycles and exceptional rate capacity of 444.9 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> at 5.0 A g<sup>−1</sup> for Li<sup>+</sup> storage. In Na<sup>+</sup> batteries, it possesses a relatively high capacity of 433.7 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> at 0.1 A g<sup>−1</sup> as well as good cycle stability. The plasma-engineered FeSe<sub>2</sub>@C<sub><i>2</i></sub> composite, which profits from synergistic effect of small FeSe<sub>2</sub> NPs and carbon framework with large specific surface area, exhibits remarkable ions/electrons transportation abilities during various kinetic analyses and unveils the energy storage mechanism dominated by surface-mediated capacitive behavior. This novel cost-efficient synthesis strategy might offer valuable guidance for developing transition metal-based composites towards energy storage materials.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":506,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Letters","volume":"34 9","pages":"2421 - 2433"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141547159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Electrochemical and physical adsorption properties of activated carbon with ultrahigh specific surface area using 2,9-dimethyl quinacridone (2,9-DMQA) 使用 2,9 二甲基喹吖啶酮 (2,9-DMQA) 的超高比表面积活性炭的电化学和物理吸附特性

IF 5.5 3区材料科学

Carbon Letters Pub Date : 2024-07-04 DOI: 10.1007/s42823-024-00772-8

Taemin Ahn, Woong Kwon, Byong Chol Bai, Euigyung Jeong

{"title":"Electrochemical and physical adsorption properties of activated carbon with ultrahigh specific surface area using 2,9-dimethyl quinacridone (2,9-DMQA)","authors":"Taemin Ahn, Woong Kwon, Byong Chol Bai, Euigyung Jeong","doi":"10.1007/s42823-024-00772-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42823-024-00772-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Activated carbon is generally recognized as an applicable material for gas or liquid adsorption and electrochemical devices, such as electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs). Owing to the continuous increase in its price, research aimed at discovering alternative materials and improving its fabrication yield is important. Herein, organic pigments were ingeniously employed to enhance the fabrication of high-surface-area activated carbon with remarkable efficiency. Moreover, the focus was centered on the assessment of activated carbon derived from 2,9-dimethylquinacridone, also known as CI Pigment Red 122 for its capacity to adsorb tetracycline (TC) and its applicability as an electrode material for EDLCs. Activating these organic pigments with varying potassium hydroxide ratios allowed the fabrication of activated carbon with a higher yield than that for conventional activated carbon. Furthermore, it was confirmed that activated carbon with a very high specific surface area can be efficiently fabricated, demonstrating a remarkable potential in various application fields. Notably, this activated carbon exhibited an impressive maximum specific surface area and a total pore volume of 3,935 m<sup>2</sup>/g and 2.324 cm<sup>3</sup>/g, respectively, showcasing its substantial surface area and distinctive porous characteristics. Additionally, the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were employed to examine the TC adsorption on the activated carbon, with the Langmuir model demonstrating superior suitability than the Freundlich model. Furthermore, the electrochemical performance of an activated carbon-based electrode for EDLCs was rigorously evaluated through cyclic voltammetry. The specific capacitance exhibited a considerable increase in proportion to the expanding specific surface area of the activated carbon.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":506,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Letters","volume":"34 9","pages":"2435 - 2446"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141547160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Deposition of polyaniline nanofibers on activated carbon textile for high-performance pseudocapacitors 在活性炭织物上沉积聚苯胺纳米纤维以制造高性能伪电容器

IF 5.5 3区材料科学

Carbon Letters Pub Date : 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.1007/s42823-024-00770-w

Gyumin Kim, Hong Jun Park, Sung Tae Jang, Bong Gill Choi

{"title":"Deposition of polyaniline nanofibers on activated carbon textile for high-performance pseudocapacitors","authors":"Gyumin Kim, Hong Jun Park, Sung Tae Jang, Bong Gill Choi","doi":"10.1007/s42823-024-00770-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42823-024-00770-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Despite the widespread use of polyaniline as a pseudocapacitor material, the cycling stability and rate capability of polyaniline-based electrodes are of concern because of the structural instability caused by repeated volumetric swelling and shrinking during the charge/discharge process. Herein, nanofiber-structured polyaniline was synthesized onto activated carbon textiles to ensure the long-term stability and high-rate capability of pseudocapacitors. The nanoporous structures of polyaniline nanofibers and activated textile substrate enhanced the ion and electron transfer during charge/discharge cycles. The resulting pseudocapacitor electrodes showed high gravimetric, areal, and volumetric capacitance of 769 F g<sup>−1</sup>, 2638 mF cm<sup>−2</sup>, and 845.9 F cm<sup>−3</sup>, respectively; fast charge/discharge capability of 92.6% capacitance retention at 55 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>; and good long-term stability of 97.6% capacitance retention over 2000 cycles. Moreover, a symmetric supercapacitor based on polyaniline nanofibers exhibited a high energy of 21.45 Wh cm<sup>−3</sup> at a power density of 341.2 mW cm<sup>−3</sup> in an aqueous electrolyte.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":506,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Letters","volume":"34 9","pages":"2411 - 2419"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141522498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modulating the thermophysical properties of diamond/SiC composites via controlling the diamond graphitization 通过控制金刚石石墨化来调节金刚石/碳化硅复合材料的热物理性质

IF 5.5 3区材料科学

Carbon Letters Pub Date : 2024-06-27 DOI: 10.1007/s42823-024-00767-5

Xulei Wang, Yikang Li, Yabo Huang, Yalong Zhang, Pei Wang, Li Guan, Xinbo He, Rongjun Liu, Xuanhui Qu, Xiaoge Wu

{"title":"Modulating the thermophysical properties of diamond/SiC composites via controlling the diamond graphitization","authors":"Xulei Wang, Yikang Li, Yabo Huang, Yalong Zhang, Pei Wang, Li Guan, Xinbo He, Rongjun Liu, Xuanhui Qu, Xiaoge Wu","doi":"10.1007/s42823-024-00767-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42823-024-00767-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Diamond/SiC composites were prepared by vacuum silica vapor-phase infiltration of in situ silicon–carbon reaction, and the thermophysical properties of the composites were modulated by controlling diamond graphitizing. The effects of diamond surface state and vacuum silicon infiltration temperature on diamond graphitization were investigated, and the micro-morphology, phase composition, and properties of the composites were observed and characterized. The results show that diamond pretreatment can reduce the probability of graphitizing; when the penetration temperature is greater than 1600 °C, the diamond undergoes a graphitizing phase transition and the micro-morphology presents a lamellar shape. The thermal conductivity, density, and flexural strength of the composites increased and then decreased with the increase of penetration temperature in the experimentally designed range of penetration temperature. The variation of thermal expansion coefficients of composites prepared with different penetration temperatures ranged from 0.8 to 3.0 ppm/K when the temperature was between 50 and 400 °C.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":506,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Letters","volume":"34 9","pages":"2377 - 2388"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141509307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of NH3 addition on the preparation of nitrogen-doped carbon nanomaterials by flame synthesis method 添加 NH3 对火焰合成法制备掺氮碳纳米材料的影响

IF 5.5 3区材料科学

Carbon Letters Pub Date : 2024-06-27 DOI: 10.1007/s42823-024-00760-y

Hui Zhou, Yuhang Yang, Fen Qiao, Run Hong, Hanfang Zhang, Huaqiang Chu

{"title":"Effect of NH3 addition on the preparation of nitrogen-doped carbon nanomaterials by flame synthesis method","authors":"Hui Zhou, Yuhang Yang, Fen Qiao, Run Hong, Hanfang Zhang, Huaqiang Chu","doi":"10.1007/s42823-024-00760-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42823-024-00760-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nitrogen-doped carbon nanomaterials (N-CNMs) were prepared using Ni(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> as a catalyst in the laminar diffusion flame. Doping the structure of carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) with nitrogen can significantly change the characteristics of CNMs. The purpose of this research is to study the effect of adding ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) on the evolution of CNMs structure in the laminar flame of ethylene. Raman analysis shows that the intensity ratio (I<sub>D</sub>/I<sub>G</sub>) of the D-band and G-band of N-CNMs increases and then decreases after the addition of NH<sub>3</sub>. The intensity ratio is a maximum of 0.99, which has a good degree of disorder and defect density. The binding distribution of nitrogen was analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and a correlation was found between the amount of nitrogen and the morphology of N-CNMs. Nitrogen atoms predominantly present in the forms of pyrrolic-N, pyridinic-N, graphitized-N and oxidized-N, with a doping ratio of nitrogen atoms reaching up to 2.44 at.%. This study found that smaller nickel (Ni) nanoparticles were the main catalysts for carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and their synthesis followed the ‘hollow growth mechanism’ and carbon nanofibers (CNFs) were synthesized from larger Ni nanoparticles according to the ‘solid growth mechanism’. Furthermore, a growth mechanism for the synthesis of bamboo-like CNTs using a specific particle size of the Ni catalyst is proposed. It is noteworthy that the synthesis and modulation of high-performance N-CNMs by flame method represents a simple and efficient approach.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":506,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Letters","volume":"34 9","pages":"2343 - 2355"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141509306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0