Carbon LettersPub Date : 2024-10-15DOI: 10.1007/s42823-024-00825-y
Jungpil Kim
{"title":"Investigating structural disparities in carbon nanoribbons and nanobelts through spectroscopies","authors":"Jungpil Kim","doi":"10.1007/s42823-024-00825-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42823-024-00825-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, simulated X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman spectroscopy were utilized to differentiate the carbon nanoribbons (CNRs) and carbon nanobelts (CNBs) with different edges. CNRs, characterized by linear, extended π-conjugated systems, and CNBs, featuring closed-loop, cyclic structures, exhibit distinct bandgaps influenced by edge configuration and molecular structure. CNBs generally possess smaller bandgaps than GNRs due to enhanced π-conjugation and electron delocalization in their curved structures. Specifically, the bandgaps of zigzag-edged GNRs and CNBs are smaller than those of their armchair-edged counterparts. These differences in electronic states cause shifts in the position of the C1s XPS peaks. ANR and ANB exhibit lower binding energies (BEs) compared to ZNR and ZNB. The peak position differences, which are 1.3 eV between ZNR and ANR and 0.5 eV between ZNB and ANB, highlight how edge configuration can differentiate structures within the same ribbon or belt type. While ZNR and ZNB have nearly identical peak positions, rendering them hard to distinguish, the 0.9 eV difference between ANR and ANB allows for clear differentiation. In ZNR and ZNB, strong bands from C–H bending and C–C stretching were observed, with slight differences in band positions allowing for structural differentiation. In ANR and ANB, the Kekulé vibration band was most intense, appearing at lower wavenumbers in ANB. Additionally, ANB showed unique C–C stretching bands at 1483 and 1581 cm<sup>−1</sup>, which were barely observed in ANR. This study lays the groundwork for future spectroscopic analysis of GNRs and CNBs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":506,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Letters","volume":"34 9","pages":"2447 - 2453"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142645604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carbon LettersPub Date : 2024-10-05DOI: 10.1007/s42823-024-00816-z
Da Zhang, Tiejian Yuan, Haiqin Zhang, Song Shi, Xinyue Wang, Ruixin Ding, Yan He
{"title":"Research progress of carbon nanotubes as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries: a mini review","authors":"Da Zhang, Tiejian Yuan, Haiqin Zhang, Song Shi, Xinyue Wang, Ruixin Ding, Yan He","doi":"10.1007/s42823-024-00816-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42823-024-00816-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With the emergence of the new energy field, the demand for high-performance lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and green energy storage devices is growing with each passing day. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) exhibit tremendous potential in application due to superior electrical and mechanical properties, and the excellent lithium insertion properties make it possible to be LIBs anode materials. Based on the lithium insertion mechanism of CNTs, this paper systematically and categorically reviewed the design strategies of CNTs-based composites as LIBs anode materials, and summarized in detail the enhancement effect of CNTs fillers on various anode materials. More importantly, the superiorities and limitations of various anode materials for LIBs were evaluated. Finally, the research direction and current challenges of the industrial application of CNTs in LIBs were prospected.</p><h3>Graphical abstract:</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":506,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Letters","volume":"34 8","pages":"2055 - 2079"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142410090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Carbon nanomaterials: a promising avenue in colorectal cancer treatment","authors":"Marzieh Ramezani Farani, Mandana Lak, William C. Cho, Haneul Kang, Maryam Azarian, Fatemeh Yazdian, Sharareh Harirchi, Keyvan Khoshmaram, Iraj Alipourfard, Kiavash Hushmandi, Seung-Kyu Hwang, Yun Suk Huh","doi":"10.1007/s42823-024-00805-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42823-024-00805-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Colorectal cancer (CRC) poses a significant global public health challenge, accounting for 10% of newly diagnosed cancer cases and causing 9.4% of cancer-related deaths. Conventional treatment methods like surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation have shown limited success despite the increasing incidence of CRC. Thus, there is an urgent need for innovative therapeutic approaches. Researchers are continually working on developing novel technologies, notably focused on the creation of safe and effective cancer nanomedicines, in their continuous effort to advance cancer treatment. Nanoparticles exist at the nanoscale. Nanoparticles at the nanoscale have distinctive properties that leverage the metabolic disparities between cancerous and normal cells. This property allows them to selectively induce substantial cytotoxicity in cancer cells while minimizing damage to healthy tissue. Carbon nanomaterials (CNMs), including graphene oxide (GO), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and nanodiamonds (NDs), have undergone extensive investigation due to their biocompatibility, surface-to-volume ratio, thermal conductivity, rigid structural properties, and ability for post-chemical modifications. Notably, GO has emerged as a promising two-dimensional (2D) material for cancer treatment. Several groundbreaking nanoparticle-based therapies, predominantly utilizing GO, are currently undergoing clinical trials, with some already gaining regulatory clearance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":506,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Letters","volume":"34 8","pages":"2035 - 2053"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142413320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carbon LettersPub Date : 2024-09-16DOI: 10.1007/s42823-024-00808-z
Sion Kim, Kamal Asghar, Miguta Faustine Ngulimi, Bum Kyoung Seo, Changhyun Roh
{"title":"Chemical dissolution of oxide layer on carbon steel SA 106 GR.B-based oxalic acid","authors":"Sion Kim, Kamal Asghar, Miguta Faustine Ngulimi, Bum Kyoung Seo, Changhyun Roh","doi":"10.1007/s42823-024-00808-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42823-024-00808-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The feeder pipes of the primary cooling system in a pressurized heavy water reactor (PHWR) are composed of carbon steel SA 106 GR.B. On the surface of this structural material, corrosion oxide layers including radionuclides are formed due to the presence of active species from water decomposition products caused by radiation, as well as the high temperature and high-pressure environment. These oxide layers decrease the heat transfer efficiency of the primary cooling system and pose a risk of radiation exposure to workers and the environment during maintenance and decommissioning, making effective decontamination essential. In this study, we simulated the formation of the corrosion oxide layer on the surface of carbon steel SA 106 GR.B, characterized the formed corrosion oxide layer, and investigated the dissolution characteristics of the corrosion oxide layer using oxalic acid (OA), a commercial chemical decontamination agent. The corrosion oxide layer formed has a thickness of approximately 4 µm and consists of hematite (Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) and magnetite (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>). The carbon steel coupons with formed oxide layers were dissolved in 10 mM and 20 mM OA solutions, resulting in iron ion concentrations of 220 ppm and 276 ppm in the OA respectively. In 10 mM and 20 mM OA, the corrosion depths of the coupons were 8.93 µm and 10.22 µm, with corrosion rates of 0.39 mg/cm<sup>2</sup>·h and 0.45 mg/cm<sup>2</sup>·h, respectively. Thus, this demonstrates that higher OA concentrations lead to increased dissolution and corrosion of steel.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":506,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Letters","volume":"34 8","pages":"2223 - 2231"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142256764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carbon LettersPub Date : 2024-09-15DOI: 10.1007/s42823-024-00813-2
Bo-Hye Kim
{"title":"Optimization of the TiO2 content and location in core–shell tubular carbon nanofibers to improve the photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation","authors":"Bo-Hye Kim","doi":"10.1007/s42823-024-00813-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42823-024-00813-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study examines the effects of the TiO<sub>2</sub> content and TiO<sub>2</sub> position in the core or shell within tubular carbon nanofibers on the photocatalytic activity under visible light. Core–shell tubular carbon nanofiber composites whose cores are filled with TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles (PMTi(10)P) are fabricated through coaxial electrospinning and subsequent heat treatment. The PMTi(10)P composites with well-preserved TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles in the core part induce more oxygen vacancies, Ti<sup>3+</sup> species, chemisorbed oxygen species, and anatase phases, significantly improving the photocatalytic performance. They act as photoelectron traps, allowing more photoelectrons and holes to participate in the photocatalytic reaction and extending the absorbance of TiO<sub>2</sub> to the visible light region. The resulting PMTi(10)P photocatalyst exhibits excellent performance of 100% removal of methylene blue within 30 min and maintains nearly 100% removal of 15 ppm methylene blue over 10 regeneration cycles, indicating consistent and stable photocatalytic performance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":506,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Letters","volume":"34 8","pages":"2211 - 2221"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142256762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carbon LettersPub Date : 2024-09-14DOI: 10.1007/s42823-024-00806-1
JeongA Kim, Donghyeon Yu, Eunchae Oh, Jaewon Jang, Jungpil Kim, Junghoon Yang
{"title":"Carbonization temperature dependent structural modifications of waste coffee grounds derived hard carbons and their electrochemical behaviors as anode materials for sodium ion batteries","authors":"JeongA Kim, Donghyeon Yu, Eunchae Oh, Jaewon Jang, Jungpil Kim, Junghoon Yang","doi":"10.1007/s42823-024-00806-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42823-024-00806-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study explores the development and characterization of hard carbon anodes for sodium-ion batteries produced from waste coffee grounds, synthesized at both 1000 °C and 1500 °C. Importantly, this work highlights the potential of using biomass-derived hard carbons as sustainable and effective material for anode for sodium-ion batteries, contributing to the advancement of energy storage systems with increasing global demands for environmentally friendly and cost-effective technologies. The research focuses on the electrochemical performance of these hard carbons, examining how different carbonization temperatures impact their structural and electrochemical properties. Utilizing advanced analytical methods, the structural changes correlating with temperature increase were identified, including modifications in carbon atom arrangements, which significantly influence the electrochemical behaviors of the hard carbons. Our research specifically focuses on how the structural differences affect the division of capacity contribution from sloping region (above 0.1 V) and plateau regions (below 0.1 V). Electrochemical test results revealed that hard carbon with higher degree of order and reduced microstructural defects, demonstrated improved capacity values. At the same time, the highly ordered hard carbon exhibits drastic capacity loss upon increasing of current densities. The results from this study not only advance our understanding of hard carbons but also open pathways for the future exploration of hard carbons for additional improvements.</p>","PeriodicalId":506,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Letters","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142256763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carbon LettersPub Date : 2024-09-13DOI: 10.1007/s42823-024-00803-4
Jong-Hyun Joo, Seong-Hwang Kim, Jee Hoon Kim, Hyun-Ju Kang, Jeong Hoon Lee, Hye-Ji Jeon, Yeon Hee Jang, Jong-Hoon Lee, Seul-Yi Lee, Soo-Jin Park, Min-Kang Seo
{"title":"Recent advances in activated carbon fibers for pollutant removal","authors":"Jong-Hyun Joo, Seong-Hwang Kim, Jee Hoon Kim, Hyun-Ju Kang, Jeong Hoon Lee, Hye-Ji Jeon, Yeon Hee Jang, Jong-Hoon Lee, Seul-Yi Lee, Soo-Jin Park, Min-Kang Seo","doi":"10.1007/s42823-024-00803-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42823-024-00803-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Activated carbon fibers (ACFs) have emerged as promising adsorbents for environmental applications in the removal, separation, and modification of organic compounds in liquid and gas phases. Recent research has focused on enhancing the effectiveness of ACFs via precursor and surface modification, aiming to enhance their affinity for specific pollutants. Hence, the present review reports recent research advances in this area, focusing on ACF production and modification techniques, along with their respective advantages and disadvantages. After a brief description of ACFs, their state-of-the-art surface modification techniques are systematically summarized, divided into two categories: (i) type of precursor [e.g., polyacrylonitrile (PAN), pitch, phenolic resin (e.g., novoloid), biomass] and (ii) type of surface modification (wet or dry). In short, this review presents recent advances in the preparation and modification of ACFs for the removal of organic compounds from aqueous and gas phases; various fabrication techniques and the adsorption mechanisms of organic compounds are also discussed in detail.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical abstract</h3>","PeriodicalId":506,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Letters","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142219221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carbon LettersPub Date : 2024-09-11DOI: 10.1007/s42823-024-00798-y
MoonHeui Han, WangGeun Song, Doo-Won Kim
{"title":"Sizing-agent control of the high-focusing and spread-ability of a melt-spun polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber and its interfacial shear strength","authors":"MoonHeui Han, WangGeun Song, Doo-Won Kim","doi":"10.1007/s42823-024-00798-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42823-024-00798-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The surface treatment processes of carbon fibers is very important, because of their significant impact on fiber handling, filament protection, and interfacial properties. In this study, the effects of two different sizing agents with different molecular weights, with or without a nonionic surfactant, on the performance of a melt-spun polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber and carbon fiber/epoxy interfacial adhesion are investigated. The focusing property and spread-ability of a low-molecular-weight sizing agent with a surfactant show outstanding performances because of the high penetration between the fibers and high interfacial bonding with the fibers. In addition, wettability of the matrix (epoxy resin) of the low-molecular-weight sizing agent are superior to those of the high-molecular-weight sizing agent. Furthermore, the nonionic surfactant used as an assistant improves the sizing amount and wettability by forming micelles with the epoxy. The interfacial shear strength (IFSS) of the low-molecular-weight sizing agent with a surfactant is also superior to that of other sizing agents. The IFSS is closely related to the sizing amount of the coating on the carbon fiber surface and matrix wettability.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":506,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Letters","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142219190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carbon LettersPub Date : 2024-09-10DOI: 10.1007/s42823-024-00804-3
Wang Chen, Bingguo Liu, Guolin Luo, Chao Yuwen, Fang Peng, Siyu Gong, Keren Hou, Yunfei An, Guangxiong Ji, Bangjian Wu
{"title":"KOH etching catalyzed microwave pyrolysis of waste tires to prepare porous graphene","authors":"Wang Chen, Bingguo Liu, Guolin Luo, Chao Yuwen, Fang Peng, Siyu Gong, Keren Hou, Yunfei An, Guangxiong Ji, Bangjian Wu","doi":"10.1007/s42823-024-00804-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42823-024-00804-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A substantial quantity of discarded tires has inflicted harm on the environment. Microwave pyrolysis of discarded tires emerges as an efficient and environmentally friendly method for their recycling. This research innovatively utilizes the characteristics of microwave rapid and selective heating to pyrolyze waste tires into porous graphene under the catalysis of KOH etching. Moreover, this study comprehensively investigates the dielectric characteristics and heating behavior of waste tires and different proportions of waste tire–KOH mixtures. It validates the preparation of graphene through KOH-catalyzed microwave pyrolysis of waste tires, tracking morphological and structural changes under varying temperature conditions. The results indicate that optimal dielectric performance of the material is achieved at an apparent density of 0.68 g/cm<sup>3</sup> at room temperature. As the temperature increases, the dielectric constant gradually rises, particularly reaching a notable increase around 700 °C, and then stabilizes around 750 °C. Additionally, the study investigates the penetration depth and reflection loss of mixtures with different proportions, revealing the waste tire–KOH mass ratio of 1:2 demonstrates favorable dielectric properties. This research highlights the impressive microwave responsiveness of the waste tire–KOH mixture, Upon the addition of KOH, the mixed material exhibits an augmented dielectric constant and relative dielectric constant, supporting the viability of KOH-catalyzed microwave pyrolysis for producing porous graphene from waste tires. This method is expected to provide a new method for the valuable reuse of waste tires and a technology for large-scale, efficient and environmentally friendly production of graphene.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":506,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Letters","volume":"34 8","pages":"2195 - 2209"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142227285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carbon LettersPub Date : 2024-09-09DOI: 10.1007/s42823-024-00800-7
Young Nam Kim, Yebom Kim, Chetna Tewari, Hyunsung Jeong, Somi Yoon, Yong-Seok Choi, Sungho Lee, Sung-Kon Kim, Yong Chae Jung
{"title":"Eco-friendly flame-retardant epoxy composite using tannic acid and upcycled carbon black via mechano-fusion","authors":"Young Nam Kim, Yebom Kim, Chetna Tewari, Hyunsung Jeong, Somi Yoon, Yong-Seok Choi, Sungho Lee, Sung-Kon Kim, Yong Chae Jung","doi":"10.1007/s42823-024-00800-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42823-024-00800-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In response to the urgent need for sustainable and environmentally friendly materials, this study focuses on enhancing the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of epoxy composites using eco-friendly, non-halogen flame-retardant hybrid fillers. These fillers are synthesized from tannic acid (TA) and upcycled carbon black derived from waste tires (WT-CB) via a mechano-fusion process. The resulting TA/WT-CB fillers exhibit a core–shell structure, with WT-CB uniformly coating the TA surface, significantly improving flame retardancy compared to TA alone. When incorporated into epoxy resin, the TA/WT-CB fillers not only enhance flame resistance but also improve the composite’s mechanical properties. Optimal performance was observed at a filler content of 5 wt.%, where the composite demonstrated superior flame retardancy and mechanical strength. This innovative approach not only addresses fire safety concerns but also promotes sustainability by utilizing upcycled waste materials, offering a promising solution for environmentally conscious flame-retardant technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":506,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Letters","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142219138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}