{"title":"Non-Destructively Quantifying the Whole-Course Growth and Drug-Response of PDOs by an Automatic Microfluidic System Utilizing Chemiluminescence Detection.","authors":"Yu Zhang, Daoyun Wang, Zhicheng Huang, Nan Zhang, Zhina Wang, Xin Wu, Anlan Zhang, Runzhi Yang, Tong Li, Zhibo Zheng, Yuxiao Lin, Naixin Liang, Zewen Wei","doi":"10.1002/advs.202512951","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202512951","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Patient-derived organoids (PDOs) have become promising tools in precision medicine research. While conventional imaging techniques provide morphological assessment, they fail to reveal crucial molecular-level changes. Monitoring secreted biomarkers presents an alternative approach that can deliver real-time physiological data throughout the growth and drug response process. In this study, the non-destructive quantification for the whole-course growth and drug-response of PDOs is first realized using a multifunctional microfluidic chip-based system that integrates culturing, drug incubation, and biomarker detection. To validate the feasibility of this method, Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA), a broad biomarker, is selected to investigate its correlation with both organoid growth (over 6 days) and drug response (over 72 h). The stable culture of organoids within the device is enabled by the integrated system, with net CEA accumulation being continuously monitored to assess growth rate. Additionally, finer-resolution drug response monitoring is achieved by measuring the same organoids at multiple intervals. The drug testing results demonstrated concordance with clinical outcomes in patients. Such continuous monitoring of biomarkers has the potential to effectively respond to the growth and drug-response of the PDOs, with a fine-grained interpretation of organoids being provided as a patient prognostic evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":117,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Science","volume":" ","pages":"e12951"},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145353136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Advanced SciencePub Date : 2025-10-24DOI: 10.1002/advs.202508892
Wenyuan Huang, Bing An, Zeyu Chen, Yu Han, Yinlin Chen, Jiangnan Li, Xue Han, Shaojun Xu, Danielle Crawshaw, Evan Tillotson, Bing Han, Sarah J Haigh, Christopher M A Parlett, Luke Keenan, Svemir Rudić, Yongqiang Cheng, Ben F Spencer, Martin Schröder, Sihai Yang
{"title":"Synthesis of Primary Amines via Reductive Amination of Aldehydes and Ketones Over a Ni-Doped MFM-300(Cr) Catalyst.","authors":"Wenyuan Huang, Bing An, Zeyu Chen, Yu Han, Yinlin Chen, Jiangnan Li, Xue Han, Shaojun Xu, Danielle Crawshaw, Evan Tillotson, Bing Han, Sarah J Haigh, Christopher M A Parlett, Luke Keenan, Svemir Rudić, Yongqiang Cheng, Ben F Spencer, Martin Schröder, Sihai Yang","doi":"10.1002/advs.202508892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202508892","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The development of earth-abundant metal-based catalysts is an important goal for the synthesis of fine chemicals. Here, an active nickel catalyst supported on a robust metal-organic framework, MFM-300(Cr), is reported which shows an exceptional performance for reductive amination, a reaction that has long been dominated by noble metals. Ni/MFM-300(Cr) promotes the synthesis of 38 primary amines via reductive amination of their parent carbonyl compounds, including biomass-derived aldehydes and ketones, using NH<sub>3</sub> in the presence of H<sub>2</sub> operating under relatively mild conditions (5 bar and 160 °C). X-ray absorption spectroscopy confirms the formation of mixtures of metallic Ni<sup>0</sup> and Ni<sup>n+</sup> active sites, while in situ inelastic neutron scattering, coupled with modeling, reveals details of the mechanism of catalysis involving the formation of N-benzyl-1-phenylmethanediamine (BPDI) as an intermediate species in the generation of benzylamine. Cooperativity between Ni sites and MFM-300(Cr) creates an optimal microenvironment for the efficient activation of carbonyl compounds and the selective production of primary amines using a non-precious metal-based catalyst.</p>","PeriodicalId":117,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Science","volume":" ","pages":"e08892"},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145353167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Advanced SciencePub Date : 2025-10-24DOI: 10.1002/advs.202512135
Yang Yu, Zheming Song, Anni Zhu, Jingchao Li, Rujia Fan, Bing Xiao
{"title":"Sequential Tumor Microenvironment Reprogramming by Nanoplatform Potentiates Sonodynamic-Chemodynamic Therapy and Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Breast Cancer.","authors":"Yang Yu, Zheming Song, Anni Zhu, Jingchao Li, Rujia Fan, Bing Xiao","doi":"10.1002/advs.202512135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202512135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The complex tumor microenvironment (TME) remains a major barrier to effective breast cancer therapy. A modular nanoplatform capable of sequentially reprogramming the TME through cascade actions and responsive therapeutic functions is developed to enhance breast cancer immunotherapy. A hybrid nanoparticle (MCC) containing manganese dioxide (MnO<sub>2</sub>), calcium peroxide (CaO<sub>2</sub>), and chlorin e6 (Ce6) is synthesized and subsequently camouflaged with a tumor cell membrane. Surface conjugation of a PD-L1 antibody (αP) is then achieved via a glutathione (GSH)-responsive fragment, resulting in the formation of an integrated nanoplatform MCC@TM-αP. Through dual-targeting mechanisms involving the tumor cell membrane and the PD-L1 antibody, MCC@TM-αP achieves efficient enrichment at tumor sites. MCC@TM-αP alleviates hypoxia by generating O<sub>2</sub> from CaO<sub>2</sub> in the acidic TME and scavenges GSH via the MnO<sub>2</sub>-mediated Fenton-like reaction, thereby markedly amplifying the sonodynamic efficacy of Ce6. The combined effects of sonodynamic therapy and chemodynamic therapy ablate tumors and reprogram the immunosuppressive TME. Upon cleavage of the GSH-responsive fragment by intratumoral GSH, MCC@TM-αP releases the PD-L1 antibody, eliciting a robust immune response that eradicates metastatic tumors. In murine breast cancer models, this therapeutic strategy enhances tumor infiltration by effector T cells and suppresses metastatic progression. By sequentially decoupling the immunosuppressive mechanisms, this study provides a programmable approach to potentiate immunotherapy and overcome TME-driven resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":117,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Science","volume":" ","pages":"e12135"},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145353198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"In Situ Assembly of Transformable Monopeptide on Activated Neutrophils Attenuates NETs-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Metastasis by Disrupting NE Nuclear Translocation.","authors":"Yichi Chen, Yijun Wang, Haitao Shang, Jiayue Qiu, Ruotian Zhang, Yuxiang Xiong, Tong Wang, Fengyi Wang, Anbang Wu, Xin Lin, Bolin Wu, Chen Huang, Wen Cheng, Lu Zhang","doi":"10.1002/advs.202517415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202517415","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) released by activated neutrophils in the tumor microenvironment has emerged as a pivotal mediator in promoting tumor metastasis. The alteration of the subcellular localization of neutrophil elastase (NE) is crucial for NETs formation. The majority of NE (≈80%) translocate from azurophilic granules to the nucleus, facilitating histone degradation and chromatin decondensation. A few NE are transported to the cell membrane, a unique feature of activated neutrophils that distinguishes them from other leukocyte subpopulations. To address NETs-mediated HCC metastasis, a peptidic nanomaterial (FTP-NPs) is developed that specifically binds NE on activated neutrophil membranes and undergoes in situ fibrillar transformation, forming NE-fibril clusters. These NE-fibril clusters deactivate NE by altering their conformation or binding mode. Subsequently, a series of feedback mechanisms is triggered, which regulates NE membrane concentration by promoting its transport to the membrane rather than the nucleus. The NE-fibril clusters can remain on the activated neutrophil membrane for an extended period, enabling continuous binding and deactivation of newly transported NE, thereby reversing the formation of NETs. Besides, the extracellular NE-fibril clusters also act as a physical barrier to prevent NETs from adhering to tumor cells, further disrupting the metastatic cascade. In vitro, in vivo, and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data confirm that FTP-NPs significantly reduce NETs formation, reduce metastatic burden, and enhance antitumor immune response. Compared with commercial NE inhibitors, this strategy precisely and locally regulates NE subcellular distribution within neutrophils in tumor tissue, minimizing off-target effects and systemic toxicity. The NE-fibril clusters may establish an innovative therapeutic approach for NETs-mediated tumor metastasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":117,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Science","volume":" ","pages":"e17415"},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145353090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Advanced SciencePub Date : 2025-10-24DOI: 10.1002/advs.202516465
Chaohui Guo, Xuan Ge, Ang Qiao, Zijuan Du, Muzhi Cai, Xuefeng Wang, Haizheng Tao, Xiujian Zhao, Yuanzheng Yue
{"title":"Room-Temperature Ferromagnetism in an Iron-Based Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework Glass.","authors":"Chaohui Guo, Xuan Ge, Ang Qiao, Zijuan Du, Muzhi Cai, Xuefeng Wang, Haizheng Tao, Xiujian Zhao, Yuanzheng Yue","doi":"10.1002/advs.202516465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202516465","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although many metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) display magnetic properties, it remains unclear whether intrinsic weak ferromagnetism (WFM) can occur at room temperature within these materials. Here the discovery of the WFM is reported at room temperature in an iron-based zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) glass, specifically Fe(Im)<sub>2</sub>, where Im is imidazolate. It is found that antiferromagnetic behavior in the crystalline Fe-ZIF transforms into WFM upon melt-quenching, i.e., during the transition to a structurally disordered glassy state. This magnetic transition is attributed to the enhanced exchange interactions between adjacent Fe<sup>II</sup> nodes, resulting from a reduction in the Fe<sup>II</sup>-Fe<sup>II</sup> correlation length from 6.2 Å in the crystalline phase to 6.0 Å in the glass. <sup>57</sup>Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy reveals that the order-to-disorder transition leads to a transition of the low-spin-state in Fe<sup>II</sup> to the uniform high-spin state. The modification of the coordination environment induces room-temperature WFM. The finding opens a pathway for the application of MOF glasses in magnetic and spintronic technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":117,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Science","volume":" ","pages":"e16465"},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145353192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Advanced SciencePub Date : 2025-10-24DOI: 10.1002/advs.202508754
Yan Sun, Haochen Yang, Qing Xu, Xingya Li, Jinxing Lou, Jianchun Duan, Jiachen Xu, Zhuqing Liu, Yong Xia, Zhicai Lin, Linlin Li, Dan Sun, Jiaguo Li, Tao Liu, Jun Guo, Wenfeng Xu, Weimin Zhu, Yi Liu, Boyang Sun, Jia Zhong, Lijie Rong, Qijun Qian, Chenqi Xu, Jie Wang
{"title":"Anti-PD-1 Nanobody-Armored MSLN CAR-T Therapy for Malignant Mesothelioma: Preclinical and Clinical Studies.","authors":"Yan Sun, Haochen Yang, Qing Xu, Xingya Li, Jinxing Lou, Jianchun Duan, Jiachen Xu, Zhuqing Liu, Yong Xia, Zhicai Lin, Linlin Li, Dan Sun, Jiaguo Li, Tao Liu, Jun Guo, Wenfeng Xu, Weimin Zhu, Yi Liu, Boyang Sun, Jia Zhong, Lijie Rong, Qijun Qian, Chenqi Xu, Jie Wang","doi":"10.1002/advs.202508754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202508754","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is an aggressive and currently incurable cancer with limited therapeutic options. Due to the high expression of mesothelin in this cancer, anti-PD-1 nanobody-armored mesothelin-targeting CAR-T (NAC-T) cells are developed. Based on the enhanced anti-tumor activity observed in preclinical in vitro and in vivo studies, a first-in-human clinical trial is initiated. Eleven patients with malignant mesothelioma who have progressed after standard therapies receive intravenous infusions of 5-20 × 10<sup>6</sup> per kg NAC-T cells following lymphodepletion. The treatment is well tolerated, with no dose-limiting toxicity observed. The overall response rate is 63.6%, including one complete response, and the disease control rate is 100%. The median progression-free survival is 5.0 months, and the median overall survival is 25.6 months. Moreover, T cell receptor and single-cell sequencing analyses in patients with varying responses revealed specific clonal expansion of T cell subtypes and enhanced reactivity to tumor-associated antigens. These findings suggest that NAC-T cell therapy represents a promising therapeutic strategy for patients with malignant mesothelioma.</p>","PeriodicalId":117,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Science","volume":" ","pages":"e08754"},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145353068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Advanced SciencePub Date : 2025-10-24DOI: 10.1002/advs.202506552
Jacqueline Lesperance, Bryan S Yung, Michael M Allevato, Marcus M Cheng, Maria F Camargo, Robert Saddawi-Konefka, Kanika Dhawan, Ashwyn K Sharma, Mahsa Mortaja, Sophie Bice, Daniel J Scanderbeg, Diego Alvarado, Jyoti Mayadev, Ramez N Eskander, Stephen R Adams, Pippa F Cosper, J Silvio Gutkind, Sunil J Advani
{"title":"Interactions of Antibody Drug Conjugate Anti-Tubulin and Topoisomerase I Inhibitor Payloads with Radiotherapy to Potentiate Immunotherapy.","authors":"Jacqueline Lesperance, Bryan S Yung, Michael M Allevato, Marcus M Cheng, Maria F Camargo, Robert Saddawi-Konefka, Kanika Dhawan, Ashwyn K Sharma, Mahsa Mortaja, Sophie Bice, Daniel J Scanderbeg, Diego Alvarado, Jyoti Mayadev, Ramez N Eskander, Stephen R Adams, Pippa F Cosper, J Silvio Gutkind, Sunil J Advani","doi":"10.1002/advs.202506552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202506552","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The most effective treatments for locally advanced cancers rely on non-targeted chemotherapies given with radiotherapy. Advances in cancer biology have identified vulnerabilities amenable to precision oncology approaches including antibody drug conjugates (ADCs). In theory, ADCs combine specificity of cancer cell receptor antibody targeting with potent cytotoxins. However, toxicities and resistance limit ADC clinical efficacy. Delivering ADCs with radiotherapy can improve their therapeutic index. Here, the combination of ADC payloads (anti-tubulin monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) or topoisomerase I inhibitors DXd and SN-38) with radiotherapy is reported in immune-competent murine models. To directly compare ADC payload effects and remove targeting bias, the payloads are tested as free drugs and as tumor-targeted ADC or peptide-drug conjugates in combination with ionizing radiation. Both DXd and MMAE induce anti-tumor immune response that block re-challenge tumor growth. As monotherapy, DXd is more potent than MMAE at inhibiting tumor formation. In contrast when combined with ionizing radiation at subtherapeutic doses, MMAE but not DXd radiosensitizes resulting in improved tumor control and greater immune activation with MMAE. The differential effects of anti-tubulin versus topoisomerase I inhibitors when combined with ionizing radiation and immunotherapies can inform and optimize clinical development of ADC based chemo-radio-immunotherapy combinations for cancer patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":117,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Science","volume":" ","pages":"e06552"},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145353078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Advanced SciencePub Date : 2025-10-24DOI: 10.1002/advs.202513060
Chi Wang, Ting-Ting Chen, Yu-Jiao Yang, Yu-Xi Li, Yi-Xin Chang, Yan-Chun Xiao, Wen-Tai Guo, Ye Zheng, Rui-Zhe Deng, Yu-Xiang Tian, Wei Situ, Hong-Wei Shen, Yu Chen, Ya-Bin Wang, Jie Xing, Hui Wang, Lin Xia, Yi-Na Lin, Jian-Wen Ye
{"title":"An Efficient CO<sub>2</sub>-Upcycling Platform Based on Engineered Halomonas TD with Enhanced Acetate-Utilizing Capacity via Adaptive Laboratory Evolution.","authors":"Chi Wang, Ting-Ting Chen, Yu-Jiao Yang, Yu-Xi Li, Yi-Xin Chang, Yan-Chun Xiao, Wen-Tai Guo, Ye Zheng, Rui-Zhe Deng, Yu-Xiang Tian, Wei Situ, Hong-Wei Shen, Yu Chen, Ya-Bin Wang, Jie Xing, Hui Wang, Lin Xia, Yi-Na Lin, Jian-Wen Ye","doi":"10.1002/advs.202513060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202513060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biohybrid conversion of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) into value-added bioproducts via engineered microbes using CO<sub>2</sub>-derived electrolytes (CDE) addresses global CO<sub>2</sub> emissions, but most recombinants have poor saline CDE tolerance and low carbon conversion rate (CCR). Herein, Halomonas TD (salt-resistant) was adaptively evolved into TD80, which efficiently uses acetate; its aceE gene mutation (encoding pyruvate dehydrogenase) drives acetate utilization. Subsequently, different biosynthesis pathways in TD80 enabled high yields of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate (P34HB), 3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB), violacein, ectoine, 1,3-diaminopropane (1,3-DAP) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), respectively. Moreover, 26.0 g L<sup>-1</sup> ectoine and 29.6 g L<sup>-1</sup> PHB can be achieved by recombinant TD80 strains during fed-batch studies. Finally, a non-canonical pathway was designed to recycle the excess malonyl-CoA into PHB. The resultant PHB content in fed-batch study was increased from 60 wt% to 80 wt%. Moreover, co-producing ectoine and PHB could further boost the CCR of CDE-to-product up to 53.7 mol%, which exemplified promising potential for biohybrid CO<sub>2</sub> upcycling involved in carbon capture and utilization system. Furthermore, TD80 was engineered to grow on formate only aiming to achieve the full use of CDE. The establishment of technology and economy assessment (TEA) confirmed the Halomonas-based platform's efficiency and economic viability for carbon footprint reduction.</p>","PeriodicalId":117,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Science","volume":" ","pages":"e13060"},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145353099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Advanced SciencePub Date : 2025-10-24DOI: 10.1002/advs.202515206
Sara Klopčič, Aljaž Kavčič, Nerea Sebastián, Matjaž Humar
{"title":"Electrically and Geometrically Tunable Photon Pair Entanglement from Ferroelectric Nematic Liquid Crystal.","authors":"Sara Klopčič, Aljaž Kavčič, Nerea Sebastián, Matjaž Humar","doi":"10.1002/advs.202515206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202515206","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Entangled photons are a cornerstone of quantum technologies, enabling applications from secure communication to quantum computing. A longstanding challenge is to develop a compact source that would generate polarization-entangled photons with tunable quantum state on demand. The promising materials for such sources are ferroelectric nematic liquid crystals (FNLCs), due to their nonlinear optical properties and easily controllable configuration. In this work, it is demonstrated that the polarization state and the degree of entanglement of photon pairs generated within FNLCs can be changed in a controllable and reversible manner. First, tuning of the entanglement is demonstrated via sample geometry with twisted FNLC configurations in a sample of varying thickness. Secondly, by applying an electric field, the degree of entanglement can be tuned in real time. In both scenarios, the degree of entanglement can be adjusted from nearly entirely separate photons to fully entangled. These findings represent a significant step toward tunable quantum sources that can produce any desired polarization state on demand. In the future, by adding more electrodes, different parts of the sample could be controlled individually, allowing for the creation of pixelated quantum light sources.</p>","PeriodicalId":117,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Science","volume":" ","pages":"e15206"},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145353038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Advanced SciencePub Date : 2025-10-24DOI: 10.1002/advs.202516096
Hangmin Xu, Xiang Liu, Ganghua Zhou, Chuanzhou Bi, Qing Liu, Weiyi Jiang, Bin Wang, Xingwang Zhu, Paul K Chu, Xiaozhi Wang
{"title":"Controlled Photocatalytic Reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> by Precise Atomic-Level Interface Modification and Engineering of Silver Nanoclusters.","authors":"Hangmin Xu, Xiang Liu, Ganghua Zhou, Chuanzhou Bi, Qing Liu, Weiyi Jiang, Bin Wang, Xingwang Zhu, Paul K Chu, Xiaozhi Wang","doi":"10.1002/advs.202516096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202516096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The emission of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) and other greenhouse gases has raised serious environmental concerns, and artificial photosynthesis is a promising approach to reducing the carbon footprint. The primary challenge for photocatalytic systems is how to optimally separate interfacial charges, while the hydrogen evolution reaction limits the selectivity of products in the photocatalytic reduction of CO<sub>2</sub>. Herein, highly stable Ag<sub>44</sub> nanoclusters (Ag<sub>44</sub> NCs) protected by thiol salt ligands are prepared with atomic-level precision. The ultra-small Ag<sub>44</sub> NCs shorten the distance for electrons to migrate from the bulk phase to the surface and accelerate interfacial charge transfer. Furthermore, the molecule-like properties of Ag<sub>44</sub> NCs broaden the light absorption range of the semiconducting substrate, and quantum confinement rendered by Ag<sub>44</sub> NCs produces a potential well, which promotes electron aggregation and generates a long-range ordered electric field to transfer electrons directionally. Since the electrostatic repulsion of positively charged Ag<sub>44</sub> NCs hinders electron transfer and proton coupling, the hydrogen evolution reaction is inhibited.</p>","PeriodicalId":117,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Science","volume":" ","pages":"e16096"},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145353120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}