Small Methods最新文献

Deciphering Closed-Pore Formation and Size-Dependent Sodium Cluster Filling Behavior for Nanopore-Confined Derived Hard Carbon Anodes. 纳米孔限制衍生硬碳阳极的闭孔形成和尺寸依赖的钠簇填充行为。

IF 9.1 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2025-08-20 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202501078

Chuang Qiu, Yawen Wu, Xinzhuo Mai, Jiapeng Zhang, Liewen Guo, Ying Zhao, Yibo Zhu, Zhicheng Lin, Daping Qiu, Ang Li, Xiaohong Chen, Hui Ying Yang, Huaihe Song

{"title":"Deciphering Closed-Pore Formation and Size-Dependent Sodium Cluster Filling Behavior for Nanopore-Confined Derived Hard Carbon Anodes.","authors":"Chuang Qiu, Yawen Wu, Xinzhuo Mai, Jiapeng Zhang, Liewen Guo, Ying Zhao, Yibo Zhu, Zhicheng Lin, Daping Qiu, Ang Li, Xiaohong Chen, Hui Ying Yang, Huaihe Song","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202501078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202501078","url":null,"abstract":"The low-voltage plateau capacity (LVPC) of hard carbon (HC) anodes for sodium-ion batteries originates from sodium cluster filling within closed pores, and closed-pore engineering of activated carbon (AC) via nanopore-confined pyrolysis is a feasible strategy to produce HC anodes with high LVPC. However, the formation mechanism of closed pores and their size-dependent effects on sodium cluster filling behavior remain poorly understood. Herein, pitch-confined pyrolysis is utilized within the nanopores of AC to transform its open pores into closed pores, with pitch dose regulating closed-pore size. The corresponding closed-pore formation and size evolution mechanisms are meticulously revealed. More importantly, the extensive experimental data combined with DFT calculations establish a universal relationship among electrochemical inflection points, closed-pore sizes, and filling order: i) the inflection points on the discharge curve can serve as a pointer to predict the sizes of the closed pores where sodium cluster filling occurs, and ii) sodium clusters preferentially fill smaller closed pores before larger ones due to the higher filling potential of the former. This work provides new insights into the understanding of closed pore formation and size-dependent effects on sodium cluster filling behavior.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e01078"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144881813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efficient Aqueous Static Zinc-Bromine Batteries Enabled by Hydrophobic Organic Bromide Design. 疏水有机溴化物设计实现高效静态锌-溴电池。

IF 9.1 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2025-08-20 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202501045

Jianhui Jin, Chun Liu, Chengjun Lei, Chen Xu, Huijian Wang, Jinye Li, Xiao Liang

{"title":"Efficient Aqueous Static Zinc-Bromine Batteries Enabled by Hydrophobic Organic Bromide Design.","authors":"Jianhui Jin, Chun Liu, Chengjun Lei, Chen Xu, Huijian Wang, Jinye Li, Xiao Liang","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202501045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202501045","url":null,"abstract":"Aqueous static zinc-bromide batteries have emerged as promising candidates for large-scale energy storage owing to their intrinsic safety and low cost. However, practical application is hindered by the shuttle effect of polybromides, which leads to energy inefficiency and poor cycling stability. Herein, a self-capturing organic bromine compound is reported, 2,6-dimethyl-1-butylpyridinium bromide, developed via hydrophobic functionalization of the pyridine ring. These features collectively enable efficient polybromide capture and promote reversible solid-state complexation. When implemented in zinc-bromide batteries, the compound demonstrates exceptional electrochemical performance, retaining 81.94% of its initial capacity over 1500 h at 0.5 C and enabling 500 stable cycles at 2 C with a Coulombic efficiency of 99.46% and energy efficiency of 91.58%. The battery retains high performance even at elevated temperatures (60 °C). The pouch cell demonstrates a high energy density of 54.87 Wh kg-1 or 100.09 Wh L-1 with 96.59% Coulombic efficiency. These results highlight the potential of hydrophobic organic bromide in advancing zinc-bromide battery technologies toward scalable, durable, and high efficiency energy storage.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e01045"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144881814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Statistics on Oxygen Vacancy Defects in Amorphous HfO₂: A Neural-Network Interatomic Potential Assisted High-Throughput Prediction. 非晶态氢氧化氢中氧空位缺陷的统计：一种神经网络原子间电位辅助的高通量预测。

IF 9.1 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2025-08-18 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202501111

Shuqi Tang, Kang Wang, Menglin Huang, Shiyou Chen

{"title":"Statistics on Oxygen Vacancy Defects in Amorphous HfO2: A Neural-Network Interatomic Potential Assisted High-Throughput Prediction.","authors":"Shuqi Tang, Kang Wang, Menglin Huang, Shiyou Chen","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202501111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202501111","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate statistical prediction of defect properties in amorphous materials is a long-term challenge, hindering their applications in functional devices. In this work, the oxygen vacancy (Vo) in amorphous hafnium oxide (a-HfO2) is taken as an example, and we develop a graph-neural-network inter-atomic potential based on the density functional theory (DFT) calculations of 6894 stoichiometric a-HfO2 structures and 14219 structures with VO defects, achieving an energy precision of ≈1 meV atom-1. Combining this potential with the supercell model, the structures and energies of neutral Vo defects can be calculated with DFT-level accuracy and low computational cost, which enables high-throughput calculations using supercells with a wide size range, from 96 to 32928 atoms. The results show: i) small supercells with 1000 or fewer atoms cause serious errors in the statistic distribution of Vo formation energies, ii) a converged calculation is possible only when the supercell is up to 1500 atoms, iii) the converged results can also be achieved using the average of various small supercells, e.g., 30 a-HfO2 supercells with only 96 atoms. These findings unveil a clear statistics of VO defects in a-HfO2 and demonstrate a quantitative accuracy-estimation criterion for predicting the point defect properties in amorphous materials using supercell models.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e01111"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144870698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fluorescence Characterization of Extracellular Vesicles Using Single-Molecule Confocal Microscopy. 用单分子共聚焦显微镜观察细胞外囊泡的荧光特性。

IF 9.1 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2025-08-17 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202500907

Tianxiao Zhao, Noelia Pelegrina-Hidalgo, Daniel C Edwards, Krzysztof M Bąk, Utsa Karmakar, Anuruddika J Fernando, Marc Vendrell, Adriano G Rossi, Scott L Cockroft, Tilo Kunath, Rebecca S Saleeb, Mathew H Horrocks

{"title":"Fluorescence Characterization of Extracellular Vesicles Using Single-Molecule Confocal Microscopy.","authors":"Tianxiao Zhao, Noelia Pelegrina-Hidalgo, Daniel C Edwards, Krzysztof M Bąk, Utsa Karmakar, Anuruddika J Fernando, Marc Vendrell, Adriano G Rossi, Scott L Cockroft, Tilo Kunath, Rebecca S Saleeb, Mathew H Horrocks","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202500907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202500907","url":null,"abstract":"Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small, membrane-bound particles released by cells into the extracellular environment. They play a pivotal role in cell communication and have recently gained prominence as biomarkers. However, their low abundance and high heterogeneity challenge their accurate characterization using conventional approaches. To enable the specific detection of individual EVs, EV-specific antibodies labeled with two different fluorophores are coupled with fast-flow microfluidics and single-molecule confocal microscopy. This allows for the determine the concentration of EVs down to sub-femtomolar levels (≈107 EVs mL-1), and the approach demonstrates the capacity to detect EVs even in the presence of other lipid vesicles. The ability to quantify EVs in serum and plasma samples, without the need for purification is highlighted. Furthermore, the yield of EVs extracted from both serum and plasma is compared using ultracentrifugation and various size exclusion chromatography approaches. Overall, the method offers a highly specific, sensitive and easy-to-use solution for characterizing EVs from different sources.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e00907"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144870697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Continuous-Flow Synthesis of Nanostructured Na₄Fe₃(PO₄)₂P₂O₇ Cathode With Superior Rate Capability for Fast-Charging Sodium-Ion Batteries. 钠离子电池快速充电用纳米结构Na4Fe3(PO4)2P2O7负极的连续流合成

IF 9.1 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2025-08-17 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202500994

Zheng Wang, Shuhui Li, Weihuang Wang, Yixin Jia, Huidong Xu, Rui Liu, Chenglu Huang, Zicheng Xie, Liangbing Wang

{"title":"Continuous-Flow Synthesis of Nanostructured Na4Fe3(PO4)2P2O7 Cathode With Superior Rate Capability for Fast-Charging Sodium-Ion Batteries.","authors":"Zheng Wang, Shuhui Li, Weihuang Wang, Yixin Jia, Huidong Xu, Rui Liu, Chenglu Huang, Zicheng Xie, Liangbing Wang","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202500994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202500994","url":null,"abstract":"Current synthetic methods for nanostructured Na4Fe3(PO4)2P2O7 (NFPP) with favorable fast-charging ability mainly rely on batch reactors that still suffer from limitations such as small-scale production, manual operating requirements, and challenges in batch-to-batch reproducibility. Herein, two editions of continuous-flow millifluidic synthetic devices are rationally designed for scalable and controllable production of NFPP nanostructures in high-boiling solvents. Merely 8 min of reaction time in the first-edition helical coil reactor achieves the optimal balance between yield and electrochemical performance of the resulting NFPP cathode. The as-synthesized NFPP/C-8 cathode delivers an initial capacity of 89.6 mAh g-1 that maintains 88.5% over 2000 cycles at a high rate of 20 C. An optimized multi-turn pancake coil reactor that accommodates up to 389.5 mL of solution is further designed, resulting in 116.8 g h-1 of throughput that reaches a 46-fold increase compared to that of a conventional batch reactor, finally producing ≈120 g of NFPP-LS in this work. Impressively, the full cell matching NFPP-LS cathode and hard carbon anode offers a reversible capacity of 70.7 mAh g-1 with 77.5% of retention after 200 cycles, even at 20 C, ranking the leading state among the current polyanion-based full batteries.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e00994"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144870696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dual-Mode, Self-Powered, and Flexible Humidity Sensor Based on Double-Network Hydrogel with Multifunctional Applications. 基于多功能双网络水凝胶的双模自供电柔性湿度传感器。

IF 9.1 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2025-08-16 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202500771

Ke Wu, Mingzhi Jiao, Miaomiao Yang, Yuting Qiao, Qingxin He, Teng Fei, Zhimin Yang

{"title":"Dual-Mode, Self-Powered, and Flexible Humidity Sensor Based on Double-Network Hydrogel with Multifunctional Applications.","authors":"Ke Wu, Mingzhi Jiao, Miaomiao Yang, Yuting Qiao, Qingxin He, Teng Fei, Zhimin Yang","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202500771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202500771","url":null,"abstract":"High-performance and multifunctional humidity sensing have received wide attention in recent years. However, the problem is that sensors with a single signal output and requiring an external power source restrict their further application. Herein, a high-performance dual-mode, self-powered, and flexible humidity sensor is proposed based on a double-network functional ionic hydrogel via a hydrogen bond-rich strategy, resulting in stable humidity sensing performance under different bending states. A 0.56 cm2 of hydrogel-based sensor achieves 16000 times of resistance change at 95% RH (relative humidity) and generates an output voltage of 0.62 V at 43% RH with good linearity and small hysteresis. Further, the sensor shows outstanding voltage output stability with ≈95% performance retention after 1000 times of bending, and with an output power density of 1.14 µW cm-2. As a proof of concept, the potential applications of the miniaturized device in respiratory monitoring, emotional analysis, finger discrimination, and portable energy harvesting are evaluated.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e00771"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144858724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Defect-Engineered Continuous 3D Single-Atom Catalysts for Enhanced Oxygen Reduction Performance. 缺陷工程连续3D单原子催化剂增强氧还原性能。

IF 9.1 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2025-08-16 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202501260

Zhihao Chen, Shu Wang, Feng Du, Quan Li

{"title":"Defect-Engineered Continuous 3D Single-Atom Catalysts for Enhanced Oxygen Reduction Performance.","authors":"Zhihao Chen, Shu Wang, Feng Du, Quan Li","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202501260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202501260","url":null,"abstract":"In the presence of carbon-based substrates, the mobility of metal atoms is thermodynamically enhanced, leading to the aggregation of single atoms into clusters. To address this challenge, the coordination between isolated metal atoms and nitrogen (Nx) has been utilized to anchor single atoms and prevent aggregation. Among these structures, Fe─N4-C moieties, with atomic-level dispersion, demonstrate promising oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalytic activity. However, the strong adsorption of oxygen intermediates on the Fe active sites limits their intrinsic activity. To overcome this, a novel strategy utilizing nitrogen-coordinated Fe single atoms (Fe─N4) is developed to stabilize the metal atoms. Among these structures, the defect-engineered Fe─N4O configuration, Fe single-atom catalyst (Fe SAs/NPGN), is synthesized via ammonia-thermal etching, significantly boosting oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalytic performance by providing abundant active sites and a high specific surface area of 2054.39 m2 g-1. The defect-synergistic structure further tunes the electronic properties of the Fe sites, facilitating more efficient ORR activity, as validated by experimental results and theoretical calculations. This approach offers a promising pathway for advancing defect-engineered single-atom catalysts for energy applications.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e01260"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144858677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Toward Flexible Low-Voltage Complementary Circuits with Solution-Deposited Organic Semiconductor Single-Crystal Films. 用溶液沉积的有机半导体单晶薄膜制备柔性低压互补电路。

IF 9.1 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2025-08-15 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202501425

Yujie Zhao, Yang Zhang, Xinru Wang, Yu Ji, Qian Miao, Boyu Peng, Hanying Li

{"title":"Toward Flexible Low-Voltage Complementary Circuits with Solution-Deposited Organic Semiconductor Single-Crystal Films.","authors":"Yujie Zhao, Yang Zhang, Xinru Wang, Yu Ji, Qian Miao, Boyu Peng, Hanying Li","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202501425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202501425","url":null,"abstract":"Organic semiconductor single crystals (OSSCs) hold promising prospects in high-performance organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) owing to the advantages of longrange ordering and few defects. However, until now, OSSCs have not shown their strength in flexible complementary integrated circuits, partly due to the lack of high-quality dielectric layers suitable for both large-area crystal growth by solution method and the construction of high-performance n-channel and p-channel transistors simultaneously. Herein, flexible OFETs are fabricated with solution-processed large-area OSSCs and dual-crosslinked bilayer dielectrics, in which the bottom high-k polymer provides key dielectric properties and the top low-k polymer offers improved semiconductor/dielectric interface. Thus, both n-channel and p-channel OFETs with high mobility (electron mobility of 1.97 cm2V-1s-1 and hole mobility of 11.97 cm2V-1s-1), low threshold voltage and subthreshold swing are realized with operation voltage of only 5 V, which lead to complementary inverters with a high gain of 59.8 and large noise margins reaching 75% of 1/2 VDD. Moreover, the devices exhibit great electrical bias-stress stability within 10,000 s, and mechanical flexibility with bending stability up to 10,000 cycles. This efficient manufacturing method of flexible OFETs and complementary inverters with large-area OSSC films and bilayer dielectric paves the way toward high-performance and low-power-consumption flexible circuits.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e01425"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144858727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Discrimination of Tryptophan Enantiomers at Sub-pm Level by Multiparametric Analysis of a Label-Free Organic Immunosensor. 无标记有机免疫传感器多参数分析对亚pm水平色氨酸对映体的鉴别。

IF 9.1 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2025-08-15 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202500545

Matteo Genitoni, Pierpaolo Greco, Alessandro Paradisi, Matteo Sensi, Marcello Berto, Mauro Murgia, Michele Di Lauro, Carlo Augusto Bortolotti, Luciano Fadiga, Fabio Biscarini

{"title":"Discrimination of Tryptophan Enantiomers at Sub-pm Level by Multiparametric Analysis of a Label-Free Organic Immunosensor.","authors":"Matteo Genitoni, Pierpaolo Greco, Alessandro Paradisi, Matteo Sensi, Marcello Berto, Mauro Murgia, Michele Di Lauro, Carlo Augusto Bortolotti, Luciano Fadiga, Fabio Biscarini","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202500545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202500545","url":null,"abstract":"Electrolyte-gated organic transistors (EGOTs) exponentially amplify minute polarization changes at the gate electrode into the channel current. Antibodies grafted on the EGOT gate electrode enable specific recognition of target species, yet this strategy may not be sufficient per se to resolve the target from its antagonists. Here, a label-free EGOT immunosensor is functionalized with the antibody anti-L-enantiomer of Tryptophan (Trp), exhibiting sensitivity to Trp chirality. Nevertheless, the relative current change in transfer curves does not unambiguously differentiate L from D enantiomers in the concentration range 1 fm to 10 nm. To overcome this limitation, a multivariate principal component analysis (PCA) is applied on the set of renormalized parameters, extracted from the whole transfer curves according to our recent EGOT model: both L and D enantiomers are neatly separated by the sign of their principal components. Enantiomeric discrimination onset is 1 and 10 pm at 90% level of confidence and prediction, respectively, at least one order of magnitude lower than the enantiodiscrimination levels previously reported with EGOT biosensor. The same analysis performed on the best fit dose curves allows to discriminate L and D enantiomers down to the unprecedented level of detection of 100 fm.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e2500545"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144858723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Operational and Environmental Stability Assessment of Silicon and Copper Phthalocyanine-Based OTFTs. 硅和铜酞菁基otft的运行和环境稳定性评价。

IF 9.1 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2025-08-15 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202500782

Nicholas J Dallaire, Joonhyung Park, Raluchukwu B Ewenike, Halynne R Lamontagne, Chang-Hyun Kim, Benoît H Lessard

{"title":"Operational and Environmental Stability Assessment of Silicon and Copper Phthalocyanine-Based OTFTs.","authors":"Nicholas J Dallaire, Joonhyung Park, Raluchukwu B Ewenike, Halynne R Lamontagne, Chang-Hyun Kim, Benoît H Lessard","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202500782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202500782","url":null,"abstract":"When developing new materials for organic electronics, understanding how they will perform and change over time is critical. Typical bias stress exposure experiments provide limited information on the materials' performance in applications which involve multiple charging and discharging steps. Here, organic thin film transistors (OTFTs) are characterized for 48-72 h straight in air and in N2 using newly developed cyclic testing protocols that enable statistically significant evaluation of four different semiconductors by quantifying both, environmental and operational stress on their performance. It is demonstrated that the structure of the phthalocyanine leads to significant differences in response to bias stress, such as silicon bis(pentafluorophenoxy)phthalocyanine (F10-SiPc) showing a much more air-stable p-type device compared to copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) and bis(pentafluorophenoxy) hexadecafluoro silicon(iv) phthalocyanine (F5PhO)2-F16-SiPc showing much more air-stable n-type performance compared to Copper(II) 1,2,3,4,8,9,10,11,15,16,17,18,22,23,24,25-hexadecafluoro-29H,31H-phthalocyanine (F16-CuPc). Raman microscopy of the films revealed no changes in morphology. The devices are also modeled using the 2D finite-element method, which suggests that most changes in device performance are due to fixed charges at the semiconductor/insulator interface. Overall, OTFT stress testing demonstrates, that important structure property relationships can be established between semiconductor molecular structure and device performance.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e00782"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144858726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0