Small Methods最新文献

How We Simulate Nanopores (Small Methods 21/2026) 我们如何模拟纳米孔（Small Methods 21/2026）

IF 8.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2026-11-08 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.71100

Behzad Mehrafrooz, Xavier Mleziva, Meng Xu, Melika Shekari, Christopher Maffeo, Aleksei Aksimentiev

引用次数: 0

Durable Superelliptical Topological Superhydrophobic Surfaces With Tolerance to Extreme Conditions for High-Performance Anti-Icing 耐用的超椭圆拓扑超疏水表面，具有高性能防冰的极端条件的耐受性。

IF 8.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2026-11-08 Epub Date: 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.71087

Zhijie Zhang, Qiang Li, Zhihong Zhao, Peng Kang, Lei Zheng, Yunlong Li, Haichuan Jin, Yuzhen Ning, Cunming Yu, Zhixiang Zeng, Kesong Liu

{"title":"Durable Superelliptical Topological Superhydrophobic Surfaces With Tolerance to Extreme Conditions for High-Performance Anti-Icing","authors":"Zhijie Zhang, Qiang Li, Zhihong Zhao, Peng Kang, Lei Zheng, Yunlong Li, Haichuan Jin, Yuzhen Ning, Cunming Yu, Zhixiang Zeng, Kesong Liu","doi":"10.1002/smtd.71087","DOIUrl":"10.1002/smtd.71087","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Superhydrophobic surfaces (SHSs) show great promise for anti-icing by repelling supercooled water, delaying ice nucleation, and reducing ice adhesion, yet their practical applications are limited by poor durability under extreme conditions. Here, we present a multiscale stiff–soft integrated strategy that combines superelliptical topological (SET) microstructures with an intrinsically superhydrophobic nanocomposites to create superelliptical topological SHSs (SET-SHSs) with exceptional robustness and stable water repellency. SET-SHSs are capable of withstanding severe extreme conditions, including prolonged mechanical abrasion (12.25 kPa, 16 m), UV aging (>300 h), cryogenic (−196°C, >300 h) and high-temperature (350°C, >20 h), and violent rainstorms (Beaufort scale 11). Moreover, SET-SHSs exhibit outstanding anti-icing performance at −20°C, with a superior icing delay ratio of 24.7 compared to other SHSs. Under quasi-steady cooling (−0.90°C min<sup>−1</sup>), the static icing delay time was as high as 881 s, owing to a low solid−liquid contact fraction (∼10%) and a reduced ice nucleation temperature (−13.9°C). Moreover, effective ice protection was maintained in an ice wind tunnel (10 m s<sup>−1</sup>, −10°C) under a low applied heat flux density of 0.7 W cm<sup>−2</sup>. This strategy provides a general approach for designing robust and durable SHSs for applications in extreme environments.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":"10 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149101451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efficient Separation of Exosomes by Aptamer-Functionalized Polyacrylamide-Polyacrylic Acid Hydrogel 适体功能化聚丙烯酰胺-聚丙烯酸水凝胶高效分离外泌体。

IF 8.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2026-11-08 Epub Date: 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.71066

Wei Tan, Yan Ren, Xuemei Jia, Yanfei Guo, Chi Yao, Dayong Yang

{"title":"Efficient Separation of Exosomes by Aptamer-Functionalized Polyacrylamide-Polyacrylic Acid Hydrogel","authors":"Wei Tan, Yan Ren, Xuemei Jia, Yanfei Guo, Chi Yao, Dayong Yang","doi":"10.1002/smtd.71066","DOIUrl":"10.1002/smtd.71066","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>High-efficiency and specific isolation of exosomes from diverse biological fluids remains a major challenge for clinical diagnostics. Herein, we developed an aptamer-functionalized dual-network hydrogel platform for the specific enrichment and non-destructive release of exosomes. This study proposes an aptamer-functionalized dual-network hydrogel technology aimed at achieving the specific separation and non-destructive release of exosomes from complex biological samples. Using a sacrificial nickel foam template, polyacrylamide and polyacrylic acid were sequentially polymerized to construct a stable, interconnected macroporous hydrogel framework, which minimized flow resistance for rapid sample permeation. To build the affinity interface, circular DNA templates were chemically crosslinked into the accessible carboxyl groups of the polyacrylic acid segments, followed by in situ rolling circle amplification (RCA) to generate long DNA concatamers rich in repetitive CD63 aptamer sequences for efficient target capture. Meanwhile, polyacrylic acid is expected to reduce the non-specific adsorption of the composite hydrogel toward contaminating proteins, thereby improving the purity of the isolated exosomes. Finally, introducing complementary DNA displacement strands enables efficient, mild vesicle release via competitive hybridization, fully preserving structural integrity and cellular uptake ability. This bio-functionalized hydrogel system provides a gentle, efficient, and reliable methodology for high-purity exosome isolation, offering a promising tool for advanced biomedical applications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":"10 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149101497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prediction of Oxidative Stress- and Anticancer Drug-Induced Cellular Senescence Using Holotomography and Interpretable Attention-Based Contrastive Learning 利用全息断层扫描和可解释的基于注意的对比学习预测氧化应激和抗癌药物诱导的细胞衰老。

IF 8.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2026-11-08 Epub Date: 2026-10-05 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.71091

Avinash Yaganapu, Amarnath Singam, Sai Phani Parsa, Calvinique Lee, Jennifer Zheng, Sunjeet Saha, Jeong Hee Kim, Seungman Park, Mingon Kang

{"title":"Prediction of Oxidative Stress- and Anticancer Drug-Induced Cellular Senescence Using Holotomography and Interpretable Attention-Based Contrastive Learning","authors":"Avinash Yaganapu, Amarnath Singam, Sai Phani Parsa, Calvinique Lee, Jennifer Zheng, Sunjeet Saha, Jeong Hee Kim, Seungman Park, Mingon Kang","doi":"10.1002/smtd.71091","DOIUrl":"10.1002/smtd.71091","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Quantitative assessment of the complex morphological and structural changes of cells and organelles during senescence is critical for understanding the level of senescence, which is a key step toward developing anti-aging therapeutics and preventing aging-related diseases. Despite its importance, a robust quantitative method for evaluating cellular senescence is still lacking. Recent advances in holotomography (HT), a label-free imaging technique, address these challenges by enabling high-contrast cell imaging with subcellular specificity, which enables accurate detection and characterization of senescent cells, without the constraints of fluorescence-based imaging. In this study, we introduce an artificial intelligence (AI)-powered Biologically Interpretable Contrastive and Attention-based Network integrated with HT, called BICAN-HT, which leverages high-resolution images to analyze nucleus-cytoplasm interactions for biologically interpretable and quantitative assessment of cellular senescence with enhanced predictive power. We conducted in-depth experiments inducing cellular senescence using three stressors, including hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>), doxorubicin (Dox), and palbociclib (Pal), across two different cell lines. BICAN-HT consistently outperformed current state-of-the-art models across multiple stress conditions and cell types, while capturing the morphological features and spatial relationships of cells and organelles within the nucleus and cytoplasm during senescence. BICAN-HT has the potential to transform aging research and accelerate the development of anti-aging interventions.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":"10 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149101530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ultrafast Laser-Driven Crystallization of LTA Zeolite (Small Methods 21/2026) LTA沸石的超快激光驱动结晶（Small Methods 21/2026）

IF 8.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2026-11-08 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.71099

Meryem Merve Doğan, Mehdi Hagverdiyev, Sezin Galioglu

引用次数: 0

How We Simulate Nanopores 我们如何模拟纳米孔。

IF 8.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2026-11-08 Epub Date: 2026-08-03 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.70904

Behzad Mehrafrooz, Xavier Mleziva, Meng Xu, Melika Shekari, Christopher Maffeo, Aleksei Aksimentiev

{"title":"How We Simulate Nanopores","authors":"Behzad Mehrafrooz, Xavier Mleziva, Meng Xu, Melika Shekari, Christopher Maffeo, Aleksei Aksimentiev","doi":"10.1002/smtd.70904","DOIUrl":"10.1002/smtd.70904","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nanopore technology has revolutionized single-molecule science by enabling ultrasensitive characterization of biomolecular structure and interactions via accessible, physics-based tabletop measurements. In a typical experiment, the chemical structure of a biomolecule is determined by measuring a transient blockade of the nanopore ionic current produced by the nanopore passage of the molecule. Nanopore sensing can now deliver a telomere-to-telomere sequence of a human chromosome and is poised to unravel the vast complexity of the proteome. Notwithstanding the three decades of development, a fundamental interpretive bottleneck remains: the method cannot independently determine the 3D structure of a biomolecule as it passes through the nanopore. All-atom molecular dynamics has emerged as a go-to method for determining the structure of the translocating molecules and its relationship with the nanopore current. Here, we review molecular dynamics methods used to simulate the transport through biological, solid-state, and DNA origami nanopores. We highlight how advances in high-performance computing and enhanced sampling are dismantling historical timescale barriers, allowing the simulations to achieve unprecedented experimental relevance. By detailing the path from system construction to the extraction of experimental observables, we illustrate how computational insights are transitioning from providing post-hoc signal interpretation to enabling predictive, rational design of next-generation biosensors.</p>","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":"10 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/smtd.70904","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148663368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ultrafast Laser-Driven Crystallization of LTA Zeolite LTA沸石的超快激光驱动结晶。

IF 8.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2026-11-08 Epub Date: 2026-08-04 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.70929

Meryem Merve Doğan, Mehdi Hagverdiyev, Sezin Galioglu

{"title":"Ultrafast Laser-Driven Crystallization of LTA Zeolite","authors":"Meryem Merve Doğan, Mehdi Hagverdiyev, Sezin Galioglu","doi":"10.1002/smtd.70929","DOIUrl":"10.1002/smtd.70929","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In conventional synthesis routes, crystallization is governed by bulk heating, diffusion, and reactor-scale heat/mass transfer. The primary challenge in these synthesis methods is not only achieving crystallization but controlling how the energy is delivered to the precursor medium, because the spatiotemporal distribution of energy largely determines nucleation and growth of crystals. Here, we provide an ultrafast laser synthesis method where a localized energy-delivery is achieved for driving LTA zeolite crystallization directly from liquid precursor suspension. This method enables precise control over nucleation and growth. Hence, the resulting LTA zeolite crystals synthesized via the ultrafast laser method demonstrate uniform particle size distribution, 28% greater total surface area, 57% greater external surface area, and 30% enhanced CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption (2.44 mmol g<sup>−</sup><sup>1</sup>) compared to their hydrothermally synthesized counterpart, thanks to the dynamic environment of the synthesis method. Both XRD and FTIR characterizations show high crystallinity (90%) alongside the absence of detectable silanol or extra-framework aluminum species, validating that the ultrafast laser method maintains complete structural integrity in the LTA framework despite rapid crystallization. This work establishes the ultrafast laser method as a powerful approach for producing high-quality zeolite crystals with enhanced adsorption capacity, offering an alternative route to microporous materials in carbon dioxide capture and green chemical processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":"10 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/smtd.70929","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Solid-Liquid Interdiffusion Bonding Enabling Heterogeneous Integration on Flexible and Shapeable Polymer Platforms 在柔性和可塑聚合物平台上实现非均质集成的固液互扩散键合。

IF 8.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2026-11-08 Epub Date: 2026-10-06 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.71031

Yeji Lee, Vineeth Kumar Bandari, Daniil Karnaushenko, Dmitriy D. Karnaushenko, Thomas Blaudeck, Chongxian Wang, Uwe Zschenderlein, Nathanael Jöhrmann, Bernhard Wunderle, Oliver G. Schmidt

{"title":"Solid-Liquid Interdiffusion Bonding Enabling Heterogeneous Integration on Flexible and Shapeable Polymer Platforms","authors":"Yeji Lee, Vineeth Kumar Bandari, Daniil Karnaushenko, Dmitriy D. Karnaushenko, Thomas Blaudeck, Chongxian Wang, Uwe Zschenderlein, Nathanael Jöhrmann, Bernhard Wunderle, Oliver G. Schmidt","doi":"10.1002/smtd.71031","DOIUrl":"10.1002/smtd.71031","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The integration of rigid microscale electronics onto soft and flexible polymer substrates remains a key challenge for flexible electronics, biointegrated systems, and body-first microrobotics, where the mechanical body, material architecture, morphology, and primary functions are designed first, while the electronic processing unit (e.g., a Si CMOS chiplet), acting as the brain to control the robot´s functionalities, is integrated later. Existing approaches, including anisotropically conductive adhesives and transfer printing, rely on non-patternable or particle-based interconnects, thick bonding layers, or complex processing, constraining interconnect density, scalability, and compatibility with mechanical transformations such as bending, rolling, or folding. Here, we present a patterned solid–liquid interdiffusion (SLID) bonding approach enabling deterministic, fine-pitch heterogeneous integration on ultrathin polymer substrates compatible with standard microfabrication. Electroplated Cu/Sn pillar bumps fabricated on 5 µm polyimide are systematically characterized to define geometric, electrical, and mechanical process window for reliable SLID bonding. The resulting interconnects exhibit controlled solder reflow, low electrical resistance, high mechanical robustness, and minimum inter-pillar spacings of 10 µm without adhesives or conductive particles. Microscale light-emitting diodes bonded by SLID remain functional during self-rolling, bending and folding-driven three-dimensional assembly with integrated silicon microchips. This work provides a scalable framework for mechanically reconfigurable microrobotic and flexible microsystems.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":"10 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149101555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Dual Hydrogen-Bonding Molecular Bridge Strategy Enables Efficient and Stable Inverted Organic Solar Cells 双氢键分子桥策略实现高效稳定的倒置有机太阳能电池。

IF 8.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2026-11-08 Epub Date: 2026-10-05 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.71088

Jiawu Yu, Xiaona Han, Yudong Chen, Jianqiu Wang, Meijin Lin, Qian Kang, Jianhui Hou, Qing Liao

{"title":"A Dual Hydrogen-Bonding Molecular Bridge Strategy Enables Efficient and Stable Inverted Organic Solar Cells","authors":"Jiawu Yu, Xiaona Han, Yudong Chen, Jianqiu Wang, Meijin Lin, Qian Kang, Jianhui Hou, Qing Liao","doi":"10.1002/smtd.71088","DOIUrl":"10.1002/smtd.71088","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Simultaneously achieving high power conversion efficiency (PCE) and robust operational stability in inverted organic solar cells (OSCs) requires precise interfacial engineering to overcome the energy-level misalignment and intrinsic photocatalytic activity of ZnO electron transport layers. Herein, we report a multifunctional molecular bridge strategy utilizing a rationally designed naphthalene diimide derivative, NDI-Me, featuring synergistic methyl and hydroxyl functionalization. Distinct from its analogues (NDI-Ph and NDI-OH), NDI-Me establishes a unique dual hydrogen-bonding network: phenolic hydroxyl groups firmly anchor onto ZnO to passivate surface oxygen vacancies, while simultaneously interacting with fluorine atoms in the photoactive layer to facilitate charge extraction. Coupled with the electron-donating methyl groups, this synergistic interaction effectively reduces the ZnO work function to 4.04 eV and accelerates active layer crystallization kinetics. Consequently, PBDB-TF:BTP-eC9-based OSCs incorporating ZnO/NDI-Me deliver a champion PCE of 18.28%. Crucially, the NDI-Me interface effectively suppresses UV-induced photocatalytic degradation, enabling encapsulated devices to retain 88.7% of their initial efficiency after 1800 h of continuous illumination. This work highlights the potential of hydrogen-bond-mediated molecular bridges in constructing efficient and stable organic photovoltaics.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":"10 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149101912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Scalable Room-Temperature Terahertz Graphene Cameras (Small Methods 21/2026) 可扩展的室温太赫兹石墨烯相机（Small Methods 21/2026）

IF 8.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2026-11-08 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.71114

Lili Shi, Leonardo Viti, Miriam S. Vitiello

引用次数: 0