Small Methods最新文献_第2页

Atomic Hydrogen Promotes Polyparaphenylene Fusion into Graphene Nanoribbons on Au(111). 原子氢促进聚对苯在Au（111）上融合成石墨烯纳米带。

IF 10.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2025-04-09 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202402005

Dong Han, Qian Xu, Jun Hu, Honghe Ding, Junfa Zhu

{"title":"Atomic Hydrogen Promotes Polyparaphenylene Fusion into Graphene Nanoribbons on Au(111).","authors":"Dong Han, Qian Xu, Jun Hu, Honghe Ding, Junfa Zhu","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202402005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202402005","url":null,"abstract":"Graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) hold significant potential for applications in semiconductor electronics. Compared to precursor design, the lateral fusion of polymers offers a versatile and flexible approach to producing GNRs with desirable properties. Developing effective methods to enhance lateral fusion is therefore highly desirable. In this study, the beneficial effects of atomic hydrogen (AH) are reported in promoting the lateral fusion of polyparaphenylene (PPP) chains into GNRs on Au(111). When PPP chains are treated with AH at 570 K, the threshold temperature for GNR formation by lateral fusion is reduced to 590 K, a substantial decrease from the 650 K required for the formation of GNR by postannealing without AH. The promoting effect of AH is attributed to the superhydrogenation of PPP chains at 570 K, which 1) locally disrupts π-aromaticity, and 2) facilitates closer proximity of PPP chains. Both effects aid in the dehydrogenative C-C coupling of PPP chains. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and synchrotron radiation photoemission spectroscopy (SRPES) are used to identify reaction products and monitor reaction pathways. The demonstrated role of AH in this study may be extended to other systems involving the lateral fusion of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-based polymers.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e2402005"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143810204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancing the Activity and Stability of Pt Nanoparticles Supported on Multiscale Porous Antimony Tin Oxide for Oxygen Reduction Reaction. 提高多尺度多孔氧化锑锡负载Pt纳米颗粒氧还原反应的活性和稳定性。

IF 10.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2025-04-08 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202500232

Hao Li, Muhammad Ajmal, Xinquan Wu, Shishi Zhang, Xiaokang Liu, Zhen-Feng Huang, Ruijie Gao, Lun Pan, Xiangwen Zhang, Ji-Jun Zou

{"title":"Enhancing the Activity and Stability of Pt Nanoparticles Supported on Multiscale Porous Antimony Tin Oxide for Oxygen Reduction Reaction.","authors":"Hao Li, Muhammad Ajmal, Xinquan Wu, Shishi Zhang, Xiaokang Liu, Zhen-Feng Huang, Ruijie Gao, Lun Pan, Xiangwen Zhang, Ji-Jun Zou","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202500232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202500232","url":null,"abstract":"Pt nanoparticles dispersed on carbon supports (Pt/C) are the benchmark oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). However, their widespread application is hindered by severe stability degradation under high potentials and acidic environments, primarily due to carbon support corrosion. To address this challenge, a multiscale template-assisted method is proposed, combined with ethylene glycol reduction, to fabricate Pt nanoparticles supported onto multiscale porous conductive antimony tin oxides (Pt/PT-SSO). Both theoretical and experimental approaches have shown that the strong interaction between Pt and support markedly accelerates electron transfer and optimizes the adsorption strength of key intermediates on the Pt surface. Furthermore, the unique multiscale porous structure of support not only provides an ideal platform for the uniform dispersion of Pt nanoparticles but also greatly enhances confinement effect, effectively preventing Pt aggregation. As a result, the Pt/PT-SSO exhibits superior ORR activity and durability compared to commercial Pt/C catalysts. Specifically, its mass activity at 0.9 V (vs RHE) reaches 0.617 A mgPt⁻¹, which is twice that of Pt/C, while maintaining outstanding stability over 50 h. Notably, PEMFCs utilizing Pt/PT-SSO achieve a high power density of 1.173 W cm⁻2 and retain 94.9% after 30,000 cycles of accelerated durability testing.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e2500232"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143802095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exosome-Based Vaccines: Pioneering New Frontiers in Combating Infectious Diseases and Cancer. 基于外泌体的疫苗：开拓对抗传染病和癌症的新领域。

IF 10.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2025-04-08 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202402222

Xuejun Wang, Aixue Li, Ailing Wang, Mengyuan He, Yuanye Zeng, Dan Li, Rong Rong, Jiyong Liu

{"title":"Exosome-Based Vaccines: Pioneering New Frontiers in Combating Infectious Diseases and Cancer.","authors":"Xuejun Wang, Aixue Li, Ailing Wang, Mengyuan He, Yuanye Zeng, Dan Li, Rong Rong, Jiyong Liu","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202402222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202402222","url":null,"abstract":"Exosomes, small extracellular vesicles with lipid bilayer membranes, play a crucial role in cellular communication and can transfer diverse biological cargo, including proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, from donor to recipient cells. Exosomes possess diverse immunological properties, such as antigen delivery and immune activation, along with excellent drug delivery capabilities, making them promising candidates for vaccine development. For different diseases, exosome-based vaccines can be designed as therapeutic or prophylactic vaccines by leveraging cellular immunity or humoral immunity. With the emergence of precision medicine, exosome-based personalized vaccines demonstrate exceptional therapeutic potential. This review systematically introduces the sources, biogenesis mechanisms, and components of exosomes and describes their regulatory roles in the immune system. Subsequently, the preparation, administration, and personalized therapy of exosome-based vaccines are discussed. Finally, the applications and clinical trials of exosome-based vaccines in the fields of anti-infection and anti-tumor therapies are particularly highlighted, with an analysis of the potential challenges in future vaccine development.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e2402222"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143802101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rapid and Sensitive Detection of RNA Viruses through Imaging of Marker Molecules Derived from Designed Circular DNA Probes. 通过设计的环状DNA探针衍生的标记分子成像快速、灵敏地检测RNA病毒。

IF 10.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2025-04-08 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202500182

Yoon-Ha Jang, Taesoo Kim, Su-Jin Hong, Se-Yeon Kim, Hyeseung Hwang, Siwon Kim, Su-A Kang, Nabin Won, Dogeun Kim, Min Jae Kim, Yong Pil Chong, Seongsoo Jang, Kyubong Jo, Kwang-Il Lim

{"title":"Rapid and Sensitive Detection of RNA Viruses through Imaging of Marker Molecules Derived from Designed Circular DNA Probes.","authors":"Yoon-Ha Jang, Taesoo Kim, Su-Jin Hong, Se-Yeon Kim, Hyeseung Hwang, Siwon Kim, Su-A Kang, Nabin Won, Dogeun Kim, Min Jae Kim, Yong Pil Chong, Seongsoo Jang, Kyubong Jo, Kwang-Il Lim","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202500182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202500182","url":null,"abstract":"In the absence of treatment, detection of pathogenic RNA viruses and quarantine of infected individuals are critical for controlling the infection spread. Conventional antibody-based methods often lack the required accuracy and sensitivity, due to the need for a substantial amount of viral antigens. Similarly, traditional reverse transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction methods face challenges in providing timely results due to their multiple thermal nucleic acid amplification steps. To overcome these limitations, a new method based on imaging of virus-specific DNA markers is developed. This approach employs specially designed single-stranded circular DNA probes that capture virus-derived RNA fragments generated by RNase digestion of the viral genome. These fragments serve as primers for a subsequent single-step DNA filling reaction, producing double-stranded virus-specific marker molecules. These individual markers are recognized through fluorescence imaging following linearization by enzyme cleavage and subsequent fluorescence staining. This method can detect viruses at a genome equivalent level of 14 within 40 min. In addition, the molecule-level imaging-based method effectively detects human immunodeficiency virus-1 in clinical samples. This diagnostic approach does not require sophisticated thermal controls nor extensive nucleic acid amplifications, allowing for accurate, sensitive, and rapid detection without the need for large equipment, offering substantial potential for point-of-care applications.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e2500182"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143802138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Strategic Design of Novel Zinc and Cadmium Metal-Organic Frameworks for Enhanced, Reversible, and Multi-Phase Iodine Sequestration. 新型锌镉金属有机框架强化、可逆和多相碘隔离的策略设计。

IF 10.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2025-04-08 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202500101

Ketan Maru, Sarita Kalla, Ritambhara Jangir

{"title":"Strategic Design of Novel Zinc and Cadmium Metal-Organic Frameworks for Enhanced, Reversible, and Multi-Phase Iodine Sequestration.","authors":"Ketan Maru, Sarita Kalla, Ritambhara Jangir","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202500101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202500101","url":null,"abstract":"Radioactive iodineisotopes (129I and 131I), generated duringnuclear fission, persist in gaseous and aqueous phases due to their volatilityand bioaccumulation, posing severe health risks. Multiphase iodine removalremains challenging due to the low efficiency of conventional materials, especially in aqueous media where high polarity hinders effective adsorption. Herein, a novel bidentate precursor, 4, 4'-(((2, 3, 5, 6-tetramethyl-1, 4-phenylene)bis(methylene))bis(azanediyl))dibenzoicacid (PMBADH₂), was strategically designed having two -NH linkages to enhance interactions withiodine in the phases. Using PMBADH2, Two new isostructural metal-organic frameworks(MOFs), {[Zn₂(PMBADH₂)₄(DMF)₂]·4DMF}n (SVNIT-1) and {[Cd₂(PMBADH₂)₄(DMF)₂]·4DMF}n (SVNIT-2), were synthesized. The MOFs werealso prepared on a gram scale to enhance practical applicability. Comprehensive characterization of both MOFs was performed using SCXRD, PXRD, FTIR, XPS, BET, and TGA. Both MOFs exhibited outstanding iodine uptake across vapor, organic, and aqueous phases. SVNIT-1 achieved capacities of 6.5 g g-1 (vapor), 2.8 g g-1 (organic), and 2.5 g g-1 (aqueous, including seawater), while SVNIT-2 showed comparable values of 6.1, 2.6, and 2.4 g g-1, respectively. Extensive studies on desorption, recyclability, and stability confirmed the robustness and reusability of thesematerials. Mechanistic studies using FTIR, PXRD, Raman, UV-DRS, XPS, and ESR highlighted the pivotal role of NH linkages in promoting iodine adsorption via strong hostguest interactions.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e2500101"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143810226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Blade-Coating with Engineered Evaporation Kinetics Enables Scalable Perovskite Photovoltaics with Minimal Efficiency Loss. 具有工程蒸发动力学的叶片涂层使可扩展的钙钛矿光伏电池具有最小的效率损失。

IF 10.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2025-04-08 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202500141

Huan Guo, Ligang Yuan, Yuyan Dong, Kezhou Fan, Manyu Lam, Chenghao Duan, Shibing Zou, Kam Sing Wong, Keyou Yan

{"title":"Blade-Coating with Engineered Evaporation Kinetics Enables Scalable Perovskite Photovoltaics with Minimal Efficiency Loss.","authors":"Huan Guo, Ligang Yuan, Yuyan Dong, Kezhou Fan, Manyu Lam, Chenghao Duan, Shibing Zou, Kam Sing Wong, Keyou Yan","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202500141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202500141","url":null,"abstract":"The blade-coating method has become an important technology that can be expanded to manufacture perovskite solar photovoltaics. However, the inherent conflict between rapid solvent removal and crystallization control in ambient blade-coating process fundamentally constrains the production throughput and film quality of perovskite solar modules. Here, a ternary solvent system (DMF/NMP/2-methoxyethanol) with hierarchical volatility gradients is developed, synergistically integrated with vacuum-flash evaporation to decouple nucleation and crystal growth kinetics. Specifically, 2-methoxyethanol (2-ME) enables vacuum flash-induced supersaturation for templated nucleation, while NMP facilitates strain-relaxed grain coalescence, and DMF ensures optimal ink rheology. This approach yields pinhole-free films with enlarged grains under ambient conditions (T = ≈30 ± 5 °C, RH = 30 ± 10%). The blade-coated n-i-p perovskite solar cells (active area: 0.08 cm2) achieve a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.24%, and 5 × 5 cm2 mini-modules (12 cm2 active area) reach 22.12%, with merely 4.8% efficiency loss upon 150 times area upscaling. The devices exhibit improved stability, retaining 90% of their initial PCE after 800 h of maximum power point tracking (MPPT) at 25 °C. The approach establishes a unified solution that addresses crystallization precision, ambient compatibility, and industrial manufacturability in perovskite photovoltaics.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e2500141"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143802125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Strain-Assisted Large-Scale 1T-MoS₂ Synthesis and its Optical Synaptic Flash Memory Application. 应变辅助大规模1T-MoS2合成及其光突触闪存应用

IF 10.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2025-04-08 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202500200

Hyelim Shin, Gunhoo Woo, Jinill Cho, Sujeong Han, Junghyup Han, Seongho Kim, Younsang Kim, Hyeong-U Kim, Taesung Kim

{"title":"Strain-Assisted Large-Scale 1T-MoS2 Synthesis and its Optical Synaptic Flash Memory Application.","authors":"Hyelim Shin, Gunhoo Woo, Jinill Cho, Sujeong Han, Junghyup Han, Seongho Kim, Younsang Kim, Hyeong-U Kim, Taesung Kim","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202500200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202500200","url":null,"abstract":"2D transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have attracted attention as promising materials for next-generation devices owing to their versatile electronic and optical properties. The phase variety of TMDCs provides strategic opportunities for performance enhancement. Herein, a novel method is proposed to synthesize wafer-scale 1T phase MoS₂ and, simultaneously, induce a phase transition via a plasma-assisted metal-sulfidation process and spontaneous internal strain. With thicker MoS2 layers, the strong internal strain during synthesis suppresses the undesirable phase transition from the metastable 1T phase to the 2H phase, ensuring stabilization of the 1T phase. Furthermore, as-synthesized 1T-MoS₂ shows remarkable electrical properties owing to the narrow bandgap (0.4 eV) of its semi-metallic state. As a result, the 1T-phase MoS₂ floating gate (1T-FG) flash memory demonstrates a wider memory window, a higher on/off ratio, and improved stability compared to the 2H-phase MoS₂ floating gate (2H-FG) flash memory. A 5 × 5 array structure is constructed to validate large-scale integration. Notably, under light irradiation, a single 1T-FG memory enables carrier trapping in the floating gate, even in the off state. This study introduces a facile phase control strategy and provides insights into advanced nonvolatile memory and optoelectronic synaptic functionalities.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e2500200"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143802140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High-Throughput Volumetric Mapping Facilitated by Active Tissue SHRINK. 由活性组织收缩促进的高通量体积测绘。

IF 10.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2025-04-08 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202500382

Li-En Lin, Adrian Colazo, Xiaotian Bi, Jiajun Du, Lu Wei

{"title":"High-Throughput Volumetric Mapping Facilitated by Active Tissue SHRINK.","authors":"Li-En Lin, Adrian Colazo, Xiaotian Bi, Jiajun Du, Lu Wei","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202500382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202500382","url":null,"abstract":"Comprehensive visualization of tissue architecture in large organs such as the brain is crucial for understanding functional relationships across key tissue regions. However, the large size of whole organs makes it challenging to image their entirety with subcellular resolution, often requiring prolonged imaging sessions, volume reconstruction, and compromises in spatial coverage. Here, Scalable Hydrogel-embedded Rapid Imaging of tissue NetworK (SHRINK) is reported to address this challenge through active tissue shrinkage and clearing. Utilizing the identified hydrogel network to preserve the spatial pattern of proteins in situ and remove the uncrosslinked biomolecules to create space, it is shown that SHRINK isotropically drives the reduction of sample sizes down to 16% of their original volume while maintaining high cellular and tissue-level integrity in a reversible manner. The size reduction and the corresponding 3D concentrating of the biomolecules render a more than sixfold enhancement for throughput and signal respectively, which addresses a key bottleneck for the stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy, ideal for 3D, label-free and super-multiplex tissue mapping. It is further demonstrated that SHRINK-SRS achieves organ-scale mapping of brain, intestine, heart, and kidney tissues. SHRINK offers a powerful approach to overcome traditional imaging barriers, enabling rapid and detailed visualization of large organs.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e2500382"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143802105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantification of Nanoplastics and Inorganic Nanoparticles via Laser-Induced Breakdown Detection (LIBD). 通过激光诱导击穿检测（LIBD）定量纳米塑料和无机纳米颗粒。

IF 10.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2025-04-08 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202402060

Minh N Nguyen, Pia Lipp, Ines Zucker, Andrea I Schäfer

{"title":"Quantification of Nanoplastics and Inorganic Nanoparticles via Laser-Induced Breakdown Detection (LIBD).","authors":"Minh N Nguyen, Pia Lipp, Ines Zucker, Andrea I Schäfer","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202402060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202402060","url":null,"abstract":"Nanoparticles with diverse characteristics are difficult to quantify at low concentrations in the water environment (106-109 particles mL-1 for nanoplastics originating from the breakdown of plastic debris) for the evaluation of effective treatment methods. This study examines the sensitivity, or limit of detection (LOD), of laser-induced breakdown detection (LIBD) for the counting of nanoparticles, including nanoplastics. For polystyrene (PS) standards with sizes of 20-400 nm, LIBD shows relatively low LODs (for example, 2 × 106 particles mL-1 for 100 nm particles) compared with turbidity monitoring, UV-vis spectroscopy (both 6 × 108 particles mL-1), and nanoparticle tracking analysis (2 × 107 particles mL-1). For nanoplastics (PS, polypropylene, and polyethylene terephthalate), the detection limits are 104 - 105 particles mL-1, one to two orders of magnitude lower than the PS standards. LIBD can quantify inorganic nanoparticles, such as zeolite, titania, and hematite. The sensitivity increases (i.e., LOD reduces) with increasing particle density, while some particles are prone to artifacts. The low LODs make LIBD a robust technique for counting nanoparticles of various types and sizes, even at the concentrations found in the permeate of membrane-based water treatment systems. Given the high sensitivity, LIBD has the potential to be applied in membrane integrity monitoring and fundamental studies on membrane mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e2402060"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143802137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chirality Quantification for High-Performance Nanophotonic Biosensors. 高性能纳米光子生物传感器的手性定量。

IF 10.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2025-04-08 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202500112

Myonghoo Hwang, Hyeongoo Jung, Ji-Young Kim

{"title":"Chirality Quantification for High-Performance Nanophotonic Biosensors.","authors":"Myonghoo Hwang, Hyeongoo Jung, Ji-Young Kim","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202500112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202500112","url":null,"abstract":"Recent advancements in chiral metabolomics have facilitated the discovery of disease biomarkers through the enantioselective measurement of metabolites, offering new opportunities for diagnosis, prognosis, and personalized medicine. Although chiral photonic nanomaterials have emerged as promising platforms for chiral biosensing, enhancing sensitivity and enabling the detection of biomolecules at extremely low concentrations, a deeper understanding of the relationship between structural and optical chirality is crucial for optimizing these platforms. This perspective examines recent methods for quantifying chirality, including the Hausdorff Chirality Measure (HCM), Continuous Chirality Measure (CCM), Osipov-Pickup-Dunmur (OPD), and Graph-Theoretical Chirality (GTC) measure. These approaches have advanced the understanding of chirality in both materials and biomolecules, as well as its correlation with optical responses. This work emphasizes the role of chiral quantification in improving biosensor performance and explores the potential of near-field chiroptical studies to enhance sensor capabilities. Finally, this work addresses key challenges and outline future research directions for advancing chiral biosensors, with a focus on improving nano-bio interface interactions to drive the development of next-generation sensing technologies.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e2500112"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143810221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0