Small Methods最新文献_第2页

Magnetic-Dielectric Heterojunctions Regulation in Ni-MnO/C Microspheres With Tunable Electromagnetic Wave Absorption. 具有可调谐电磁波吸收的Ni-MnO/C微球磁介电异质结调控。

IF 8.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2026-10-14 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.71130

Zhikai Yan, Tingjia Zhang, Mengqiu Huang, Longjun Rao, Junling Liu, Limin Wu, Wei Li, Renchao Che

{"title":"Magnetic-Dielectric Heterojunctions Regulation in Ni-MnO/C Microspheres With Tunable Electromagnetic Wave Absorption.","authors":"Zhikai Yan, Tingjia Zhang, Mengqiu Huang, Longjun Rao, Junling Liu, Limin Wu, Wei Li, Renchao Che","doi":"10.1002/smtd.71130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.71130","url":null,"abstract":"Heterojunctions engineering is crucial for optimizing dielectric polarization and electromagnetic (EM) wave absorption, yet precise spatial control over semiconductor components in magnetic-dielectric microspheres remains challenging. Herein, super-dispersed MnO protrusions and Ni particles were confined within a carbon matrix, constructing unique Ni-MnO/C microspheres via a pyrolysis-controlled strategy. Leveraging differences in oxygen affinity, MnO protrusions and Ni particles with tunable dispersity, size, and content were systematically achieved, enabling precise regulation of dielectric behaviors and EM wave absorption. The optimized Ni-MnO/C composite achieved an outstanding minimum reflection loss of -51.49 dB and a maximum effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 5.20 GHz. Significantly, by further integrating the composite into metamaterial designs and heat-transfer flexible films, the EAB was dramatically broadened to 12.28 GHz, and thermal insulation was realized. This work introduces a morphological-engineering strategy that not only overcomes the dispersion-control bottleneck in heterojunctions design but also bridges the gap between microstructural tailoring and practical device applications, offering a new idea for high-performance EM wave absorption materials.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e71130"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149178416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Self-Reporting Hierarchical DNA Nanoplatform for Tumor Cell-Selective Senescence Modulation and Immune Remodeling. 肿瘤细胞选择性衰老调控和免疫重塑的自我报告层次DNA纳米平台。

IF 8.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2026-10-13 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.71110

Wenya Dang, Jun Da, Jun Cao, Haolan Hu, Yuqi Xie, Lu Yu, Lu Wu, Linlin Wang, Jili Li, Yanlan Liu

{"title":"Self-Reporting Hierarchical DNA Nanoplatform for Tumor Cell-Selective Senescence Modulation and Immune Remodeling.","authors":"Wenya Dang, Jun Da, Jun Cao, Haolan Hu, Yuqi Xie, Lu Yu, Lu Wu, Linlin Wang, Jili Li, Yanlan Liu","doi":"10.1002/smtd.71110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.71110","url":null,"abstract":"Therapy-induced senescence (TIS) promotes tumor resistance and recurrence through the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), but achieving tumor cell-selective senescence modulation remains a formidable challenge due to limited cellular specificity, insufficient spatiotemporal control, and the complexity of the secretory program. Here, we develop a self-reporting hierarchical DNA nanoplatform (Gal-lipo@S-CHA) that enables selective senescence reprogramming and immune remodeling in TIS tumor cells. In this design, a newly engineered β-galactosidase-responsive charge-reversal lipid carrier establishes the first layer of senescence selectivity by enabling preferential delivery and enhanced endosomal escape of a hierarchically gated catalytic DNA circuit. Subsequent intracellular decoding of GSH and microRNA-21, two tumor-associated and senescence-enriched molecular signatures, provides a second layer of tumor cell selectivity, activating the circuit specifically in pathological senescent tumor cells. The activated circuit simultaneously generates a fluorescence signal for real-time monitoring and assembles an NF-κB decoy to block NF-κB nuclear translocation, thereby suppressing downstream pro-tumorigenic SASP production at the upstream regulatory source. In vivo studies demonstrate that Gal-lipo@S-CHA effectively remodels the tumor immune microenvironment by enhancing natural killer cell infiltration and M1 macrophage polarization. Collectively, this framework establishes a new paradigm for selectively reprogramming pathological senescence, providing a versatile platform to support immunomodulatory cancer therapies.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e71110"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149163787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Low-Frequency Noise and Stability in Electrolyte-Gated Nanoscale Silicon Field-Effect Transistor Sensors. 电解门控纳米硅场效应晶体管传感器的低频噪声与稳定性。

IF 8.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2026-10-13 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.71112

Yingtao Yu, Zheqiang Xu, Yihan Wang, Qitao Hu, Paul Solomon, Zhen Zhang

{"title":"Low-Frequency Noise and Stability in Electrolyte-Gated Nanoscale Silicon Field-Effect Transistor Sensors.","authors":"Yingtao Yu, Zheqiang Xu, Yihan Wang, Qitao Hu, Paul Solomon, Zhen Zhang","doi":"10.1002/smtd.71112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.71112","url":null,"abstract":"Electrolyte-gated nanoscale silicon field-effect transistors (Si FETs), including silicon nanoribbon FETs (SiNRFETs) and nanowire FETs (SiNWFETs), have emerged as highly promising platforms for chemical and biological sensing. As these sensors move from proof-of-concept demonstrations toward quantitative assays, practical performance is increasingly governed not only by nominal sensitivity, but also by their signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and baseline stability. Low-frequency noise (LFN), typically arising from carrier-number and mobility fluctuations in the solid-state device, as well as reversible ion adsorption/desorption processes at the solid-liquid interfaces, is generally characterized by an approximately 1/f-dependent power spectral density. It limits the minimum resolvable signal and thus determines the limit-of-detection (LoD). In parallel, slower nonstationary processes, including ion penetration and reference-electrode drift, cause baseline instability that complicates quantitative sensing and array calibration. This review discusses LFN and instability in electrolyte-gated nanoscale Si FET sensors as a coupled device-interface-readout problem. Mitigation strategies are also summarized. Representative examples illustrate how dominant noise sources can be identified and suppressed. Finally, we highlight the applications of low-noise and low-drift FET sensors. Next-generation electrolyte-gated nanoscale Si FET sensors require codesign of the transducer, sensing interface, electrolyte/reference environment, and front-end electronics to achieve a low LoD and high detection accuracy.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e71112"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149163831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Post-Processing Strategies for Laser-Scribed Grooves in Perovskite Solar Modules: Mechanisms, Trade-Offs, and Engineering Guidelines. 钙钛矿太阳能组件中激光刻蚀槽的后处理策略：机制、权衡和工程指南。

IF 8.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2026-10-13 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.71127

Cheng Peng, Zhipeng Li, Dachang Liu, Li Wang, Zhongmin Zhou, Shuping Pang

{"title":"Post-Processing Strategies for Laser-Scribed Grooves in Perovskite Solar Modules: Mechanisms, Trade-Offs, and Engineering Guidelines.","authors":"Cheng Peng, Zhipeng Li, Dachang Liu, Li Wang, Zhongmin Zhou, Shuping Pang","doi":"10.1002/smtd.71127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.71127","url":null,"abstract":"Monolithic integration is widely regarded as a practical pathway toward scalable perovskite solar modules (PSMs). Despite substantial progress in understanding and mitigating laser-scribing-induced damage, laser-scribed groove regions remain important localized sources of performance loss and degradation that can affect module efficiency, reproducibility, and long-term stability. While a growing number of studies have reported various post-processing approaches for laser-scribed grooves, the field still lacks an engineering-oriented framework connecting laser-induced damage mechanisms with practical module-level mitigation strategies. In this review, we specifically focus on laser-scribed grooves as functionally dominant degradation zones, rather than treating them as minor processing defects. We introduce an engineering-oriented damage cascade framework to describe how laser-induced thermal disorder, defect generation, structural disruption, and transport processes are hierarchically coupled. Based on this perspective, existing post-processing strategies for grooves are systematically classified according to the stages of the damage cascade they primarily address. This enables a mechanism-guided evaluation of their effectiveness, trade-offs, and scalability.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e71127"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149178406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Competitive Coordination to Ether Oxygens Enables High-Ionic-Conductivity Solid Polymer Electrolytes at Room Temperature. 与醚氧的竞争配位使室温下的高离子导电性固体聚合物电解质成为可能。

IF 8.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2026-10-13 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.71118

Chengru Chen, Hanpei Liu, Zixuan Tang, Tao Sun, Qiahan Liu, Zihao Xue, Wen Yan

{"title":"Competitive Coordination to Ether Oxygens Enables High-Ionic-Conductivity Solid Polymer Electrolytes at Room Temperature.","authors":"Chengru Chen, Hanpei Liu, Zixuan Tang, Tao Sun, Qiahan Liu, Zihao Xue, Wen Yan","doi":"10.1002/smtd.71118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.71118","url":null,"abstract":"The practical application of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) electrolytes in solid-state lithium metal batteries is severely constrained by low ionic conductivity at ambient temperature. To address this intrinsic limitation, we introduce FeF3 as a multifunctional additive into the PEO/poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF‑HFP) matrix, yielding the FeF3‑PEOPVLi electrolyte. Fe3+ ions with strong Lewis acidity competitively coordinate with the ether oxygen atoms via Fe3+-O-C interactions, thereby weakening the native Li+-O-C coordination and substantially reducing the energy barrier for Li+ hopping. Concurrently, the strong electron withdrawing nature of Fe3+ promotes lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) dissociation by weakening the Li-N bond, increasing the concentration of free Li+ ions available for ionic transport. Benefiting from these synergistic effects, the FeF3‑PEOPVLi electrolyte achieves high ionic conductivity of 0.13 mS cm- 1 at 25°C. Solid-state Li||LiFePO4 batteries deliver discharge capacity of 120.6 mAh g- 1 at 0.5 C at 25°C and retains 88.4% of its capacity after 1000 cycles. This work demonstrates that rational modulation of the coordination environment within PEO provides a viable and effective pathway toward high‑performance room‑temperature solid‑state lithium metal batteries.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e71118"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149163539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Highly Transparent and Fast-Switching Solid-State Electrochromic Devices With Nanostructured Solid Polymer Electrolytes. 采用纳米结构固体聚合物电解质的高透明、快速开关固态电致变色器件。

IF 8.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2026-10-13 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.71120

Ju-Hyeon Min, Won-Jang Cho, Gi-Ra Yi, Seog-Jin Jeon

{"title":"Highly Transparent and Fast-Switching Solid-State Electrochromic Devices With Nanostructured Solid Polymer Electrolytes.","authors":"Ju-Hyeon Min, Won-Jang Cho, Gi-Ra Yi, Seog-Jin Jeon","doi":"10.1002/smtd.71120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.71120","url":null,"abstract":"While electrochromic devices employing solid polymer electrolytes offer advantages in safety and mechanical durability compared with conventional devices using liquid electrolytes, their performance is often limited by slow switching speeds and low coloration efficiency mainly due to slow ion transport within the solid medium. To address these challenges, we introduced a nanostructured solid polymer electrolyte (NSPE) featuring high-density nanoscale ion-transport channels embedded within a mechanically robust polymer matrix. These nanochannels provide efficient ion-conduction pathways while minimizing light scattering. Using a complementary WO3/NiO electrochromic configuration, we evaluated the effect of the NSPE architecture on device performance. The resulting device exhibited a high bleached-state transmittance of 74.5% and a large optical modulation of 63.7% in the visible region. Notably, the device exhibited rapid switching kinetics, with coloration and bleaching times of 11.8 and 2.1 s, respectively, together with a high coloration efficiency of 146.7 cm2 C- 1. Furthermore, the electrolyte enabled the successful fabrication of both large-area (80 mm × 80 mm) and flexible electrochromic devices while retaining electrochromic functionality, highlighting its scalability and mechanical adaptability. These results demonstrate that nanochannel-engineered solid electrolytes provide an effective strategy for achieving high-performance, transparent, and mechanically versatile electrochromic devices for next-generation smart window applications.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e71120"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149167460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dense Lithium Deposition on Ultrathin Eutectic Sn-Bi-In Foils by Coupled Diffusion Doping and Dynamic Creep Wrinkling. 用扩散掺杂和动态蠕变起皱耦合的方法在超薄共晶Sn-Bi-In箔上沉积致密锂。

IF 8.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2026-10-13 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.71111

Zejing Lin, Xiaotong Wang, Huiping Lin, Min Zhang, Cong Xi, Jiuhui Han

{"title":"Dense Lithium Deposition on Ultrathin Eutectic Sn-Bi-In Foils by Coupled Diffusion Doping and Dynamic Creep Wrinkling.","authors":"Zejing Lin, Xiaotong Wang, Huiping Lin, Min Zhang, Cong Xi, Jiuhui Han","doi":"10.1002/smtd.71111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.71111","url":null,"abstract":"Ultrathin lithiophilic alloy foils (<10 µm) are highly desirable for advancing high-energy-density rechargeable lithium metal batteries toward practical applications, particularly in view of the persistent dendrite formation associated with pure Li anodes. Here, an ultrathin eutectic Sn-Bi-In alloy foil is fabricated through a simple melt-cooling-rolling process at 62°C. The foil enables uniform and dense Li deposition with an ultrahigh areal capacity of 200 mAh cm-2 through the synergistic effects of dynamic creep-induced wrinkling, which guides Li nucleation, and elemental diffusion, primarily of In, which homogenizes the local Li+ flux. The resulting dendrite-free, columnar Li deposits exhibit excellent plating/stripping reversibility, sustaining stable cycling for 3500 h at 2 mA cm-2 and 1 mAh cm-2 with a low overpotential of only ∼13 mV. Full cells paired with LiFePO4 cathodes achieve an average Coulombic efficiency of 98.69% over 600 cycles. These findings establish a scalable electrode design strategy that integrates mechanical adaptability with chemical self-regulation, offering a promising pathway toward practical high-energy-density lithium metal batteries.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e71111"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149163888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Multimodal In-Situ Liquid Phase TEM and Electrochemical Study on Boric Acid as Electrolyte Additive for Alkaline Zinc-Air Batteries. 硼酸作为碱性锌-空气电池电解质添加剂的多模态原位液相透射电镜及电化学研究。

IF 8.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2026-10-12 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.71069

Sarmila Dutta, Yasin Emre Durmus, Eunmi Im, Hongyu Sun, Hugo Pérez Garza, Shibabrata Basak, Hans Kungl, Hermann Tempel, Rüdiger-A Eichel

{"title":"A Multimodal In-Situ Liquid Phase TEM and Electrochemical Study on Boric Acid as Electrolyte Additive for Alkaline Zinc-Air Batteries.","authors":"Sarmila Dutta, Yasin Emre Durmus, Eunmi Im, Hongyu Sun, Hugo Pérez Garza, Shibabrata Basak, Hans Kungl, Hermann Tempel, Rüdiger-A Eichel","doi":"10.1002/smtd.71069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.71069","url":null,"abstract":"Rechargeable aqueous zinc-air batteries are critically hindered by dendrite formation, parasitic hydrogen evolution (HER), and corrosion at the zinc anode. Here, we employ a multimodal characterization strategy, bridging nanoscale visualization with macroscale information, to understand the effects of boric acid (BA) as an additive in alkaline media. In-situ liquid phase TEM (LPTEM) observations demonstrate that BA additive suppresses HER and promotes a uniform, compact plating with highly reversible stripping. This contrasts sharply with the base electrolyte, which shows vigorous bubbling, nonuniform plating, and incomplete stripping. This nanoscale mechanism translates to the macroscale, where BA induces a transformation from dendritic structures to the desirable, compact \"boulder-like\" deposit. Macroscale electrochemical analysis quantifies this effect, revealing that 130 mM BA suppresses the corrosion current density by an order of magnitude significantly inhibiting HER. Further investigations combining XRD, ICP-OES suggest that BA is likely to exist as the tetrahydoxyborate anion, which functions as a non-consumed, non-incorporated surface-active agent. Finally the cycling of ZnO-PTFE composite anode in BA containing electrolyte over 75 cycles at a current density of 120 mAh/gZn at 30% DOD with 100% columbic efficiency shows the promise of BA as a practical electrolyte additive.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e71069"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149167449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unveiling Hidden Patterns in Electrode-Electrolyte Interphase Chemistry and Architecture Through Machine Learning-Assisted Mass Spectrometry Analysis. 通过机器学习辅助质谱分析揭示电极-电解质界面化学和结构中的隐藏模式。

IF 8.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2026-10-12 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.71113

Tara Ingebrand, Arumugam Manthiram

{"title":"Unveiling Hidden Patterns in Electrode-Electrolyte Interphase Chemistry and Architecture Through Machine Learning-Assisted Mass Spectrometry Analysis.","authors":"Tara Ingebrand, Arumugam Manthiram","doi":"10.1002/smtd.71113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.71113","url":null,"abstract":"Electrode-electrolyte interphases (EEIs) govern battery performance, yet the interplay between their chemical composition and spatial organization remains challenging to resolve. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) provides rich 3D chemical depth profiles of these interfaces, yet conventional analyses simplify the complexity by collapsing the data into 1D depth profiles or 2D maps, obscuring critical spatial features. Here, we apply a machine-learning-based approach directly to 3D TOF-SIMS depth profiles, leveraging their full spatial and chemical richness to investigate the interphase structure and chemistry more comprehensively than conventional analyses. Principal component analysis (PCA) identifies fragments that dominate chemical heterogeneity across the EEI, reveals correlated and anticorrelated spatial distributions, and enables direct comparison of average interphase chemistry and chemical variability. Building on this, t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) and uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP) resolve stratified structures and fine-scale spatial interphase variations. Finally, applying PCA to fragment-specific thickness maps enables comparison of interphase thickness heterogeneity and identifies the chemical species responsible for local thickness variations. Together, the approach creates a generalized framework for extracting chemically and spatially meaningful information from complex TOF-SIMS datasets, linking interphase chemistry to electrochemical behavior and guiding the design of uniform interphases for advanced battery systems.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e71113"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149164073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mechanistic Insights Into Noble Metal Nanoparticle Antimicrobial Activity through Correlative SEM-SEI-XPS Analysis. 通过相关SEM-SEI-XPS分析贵金属纳米颗粒抗菌活性的机理。

IF 8.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2026-10-12 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.71119

Raffaella Lamuraglia, Laura Rabbachin, Katharina Derksen, Federico Catalano, Francesco De Boni, Federica Menegazzo, Katja Sterflinger, Mauro Moglianetti, Arianna Traviglia

{"title":"Mechanistic Insights Into Noble Metal Nanoparticle Antimicrobial Activity through Correlative SEM-SEI-XPS Analysis.","authors":"Raffaella Lamuraglia, Laura Rabbachin, Katharina Derksen, Federico Catalano, Francesco De Boni, Federica Menegazzo, Katja Sterflinger, Mauro Moglianetti, Arianna Traviglia","doi":"10.1002/smtd.71119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.71119","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a correlative analytical strategy for studying nanoparticle-microbe interactions. Understanding the intracellular transformations of metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) provides critical insights into their antimicrobial mechanisms and informs the design of safe, durable antimicrobial materials. Conventional analytical techniques, however, are limited in their ability to simultaneously capture nanoscale morphological changes and the chemical-state evolution of nanoparticles within microbial cells. To address this, a strategy integrating high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM) with sputtering-enabled intracellular x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (SEI-XPS) was developed, enabling depth-resolved, chemically specific analysis of nanoparticle-microbe interactions. Using AgNPs and PtNPs as model systems, their fate was investigated in one bacterium (Arthrobacter sp.) and two phylogenetically distinct fungi (Alternaria obovoidea and Cladosporium sp.). SEM revealed rapid membrane disruption in bacteria and slower, species-dependent structural impairment in fungi. SEI-XPS demonstrated biologically induced oxidation of AgNPs, with increasing Ag(I) and higher-order oxidized species correlating with exposure time and microbial damage, while PtNPs remained predominantly metallic, confirming an ion-release-independent antimicrobial mechanism. Depth profiling enabled direct chemical-state mapping of intracellular nanoparticle residues, revealing persistent metallic cores for both AgNPs and PtNPs. This approach provides mechanistic insight inaccessible through conventional assays and establishes SEI-XPS as powerful, laboratory-based method for probing nanoparticle transformations in living microbial systems. The methodology also offers a framework for rational design of next-generation antimicrobial coatings, including those intended for cultural heritage conservation.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e71119"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149163315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0