Small Methods最新文献_第2页

Microwave Annealing-Enabled Defect Healing for High-Performance and Stable Organic Transistors and Circuits. 用于高性能稳定有机晶体管和电路的微波退火缺陷修复。

IF 10.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202500515

Yao Fu, Yanpeng Wang, Shougang Sun, Yajing Sun, Jiannan Qi, Yongxu Hu, Shuaishuai Ding, Zhongwu Wang, Yinan Huang, Wenping Hu, Xiaosong Chen, Hui Yang, Liqiang Li

{"title":"Microwave Annealing-Enabled Defect Healing for High-Performance and Stable Organic Transistors and Circuits.","authors":"Yao Fu, Yanpeng Wang, Shougang Sun, Yajing Sun, Jiannan Qi, Yongxu Hu, Shuaishuai Ding, Zhongwu Wang, Yinan Huang, Wenping Hu, Xiaosong Chen, Hui Yang, Liqiang Li","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202500515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202500515","url":null,"abstract":"Organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) are promising candidates for use in next-generation electronic devices. However, organic semiconductors (OSCs) exhibit low crystallinity and weak van der Waals (vdW) forces, which makes them prone to defect formation, resulting in localized states in the bandgap that can trap charge carriers. This seriously limits the performance and stability of OFETs, which typically exhibit high contact resistance (Rc) and poor operational stability. It is highly desirable, but challenging, to eliminate defects in OSCs. Herein, a microwave annealing strategy is presented that heals defects in OSCs near the electrode/OSC interface through co-associated high-frequency vibration. By using this technique, the trap density of states (DOS) is significantly reduced and coplanar OFETs achieve an ultralow Rc·W of 20 Ω cm and a high mobility of 10.57 cm2 V-1 s-1. Moreover, the on-state current of the OFET retained 99% of its initial value after 10 000 s of constant bias stress, and the switching voltage of the biased-load inverters hardly shifted after cycle tests, demonstrating excellent operational stability. The high-efficiency, uniform heating, and low-temperature processing strategy has great application prospects in organic devices and circuits.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e2500515"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144574575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phosphorus-Doped Highly Crystalline Carbon for High Platinum Stability and Robust Support in Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells. 磷掺杂高晶碳在质子交换膜燃料电池中的高铂稳定性和强大支持。

IF 10.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2025-07-06 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202500481

Han Seul Kim, Seung Min Woo, Gyu Mi Kang, Sang-Hoon You, Sang-Seok Lee, Subin Park, Jae-Hyun Park, Yoonbin Cho, Kyung Rog Lee, Kug-Seung Lee, Yong-Tae Kim, Seung-Ho Yu, Il-Kyu Park, Sung Jong Yoo

{"title":"Phosphorus-Doped Highly Crystalline Carbon for High Platinum Stability and Robust Support in Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells.","authors":"Han Seul Kim, Seung Min Woo, Gyu Mi Kang, Sang-Hoon You, Sang-Seok Lee, Subin Park, Jae-Hyun Park, Yoonbin Cho, Kyung Rog Lee, Kug-Seung Lee, Yong-Tae Kim, Seung-Ho Yu, Il-Kyu Park, Sung Jong Yoo","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202500481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202500481","url":null,"abstract":"Proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) require durable and efficient catalyst supports to overcome the limitations of Pt-based catalysts and conventional low-crystalline carbon (LCC) supports, such as high cost, susceptibility to corrosion, and poor electrochemical durability. While highly crystalline carbon (HCC) offers improved stability, its intrinsic hydrophobicity and low defect density hinder Pt nanoparticles (NPs) nucleation and dispersion. In this study, a spin-on-dopant (SOD) approach is employed to synthesize phosphorus-incorporated HCC (HCCP) providing stable anchoring sites that facilitate uniform Pt NPs distribution. Compared to commercial Pt/LCC, Pt/HCCP exhibits enhanced thermal stability and oxidation resistance, with an oxidation onset temperature ≈90 °C higher. Accelerated durability tests reveal only a 2 mV half-wave potential shift and a minimal electrochemical surface area (ECSA) loss of 1.9% after 20 000 cycles, significantly lower than the 47.1% ECSA loss observed for Pt/LCC. Single-cell tests further confirm that Pt/HCCP retains 92.4% of its initial power density, outperforming Pt/LCC. The incorporation of phosphorus improves Pt NPs stabilization on the superhydrophobic HCC surface, enhancing Pt utilization and long-term durability. This study provides valuable insights into the development of high-performance carbon supports for PEMFC catalysts.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e2500481"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144574577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Programmable Biporphyrin-G-Quadruplex Nanoflowers for Simultaneous Tumor Cell Recognition and Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy. 同时用于肿瘤细胞识别和增强光动力治疗的可编程双卟啉- g四重纳米花。

IF 10.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2025-07-06 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202401993

Bo Chen, Lan Mei, Yinggang Wang, Hui Li, Chenqian Feng, Min Mu, Rangrang Fan, Bingwen Zou, Gang Guo

{"title":"Programmable Biporphyrin-G-Quadruplex Nanoflowers for Simultaneous Tumor Cell Recognition and Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy.","authors":"Bo Chen, Lan Mei, Yinggang Wang, Hui Li, Chenqian Feng, Min Mu, Rangrang Fan, Bingwen Zou, Gang Guo","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202401993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202401993","url":null,"abstract":"Oxygen-based photodynamic therapy (PDT) is often hindered by the hypoxic conditions within the tumor microenvironment (TME). To overcome this challenge, multifunctional DNA nanoflowers is designed using rolling circle amplification (RCA), incorporating porphyrin and G-quadruplex (G4) DNA to achieve both tumor cell recognition and enhanced PDT performance. The spatial arrangement of AS1411 aptamers and G4 motifs within the DNA nanoflowers increases the binding specificity to cancer cells, thereby facilitating targeted detection. Furthermore, the incorporation of hemin into the G4 complex endows the nanoflowers with peroxidase-like catalytic activity, enabling colorimetric detection of tumor cells through endogenous hydrogen peroxide production. This catalytic process generates oxygen to alleviate hypoxia within the TME and amplifies the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby enhancing PDT effectiveness. Additionally, the multifunctional DNA nanoflowers induce both ferroptosis and apoptosis in cancer cells, effectively inhibiting the progression of triple-negative breast cancer. In summary, these multifunctional DNA nanoflowers offer a promising and highly selective approach to enhancing cancer treatment outcomes.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e2401993"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144574578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Axially Oriented Magnetic-Carbon Fibers via Confined Electrospinning for Tunable Broadband Electromagnetic Wave Absorption. 轴向定向电磁碳纤维的限静电纺丝可调谐宽带电磁波吸收。

IF 10.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2025-07-06 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202500886

Lei Wang, Mengqiu Huang, Yuetong Qian, RuiXuan Zhang, Wenbin You, Renchao Che

{"title":"Axially Oriented Magnetic-Carbon Fibers via Confined Electrospinning for Tunable Broadband Electromagnetic Wave Absorption.","authors":"Lei Wang, Mengqiu Huang, Yuetong Qian, RuiXuan Zhang, Wenbin You, Renchao Che","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202500886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202500886","url":null,"abstract":"Wide-frequency response in electromagnetic (EM) wave absorption materials usually depends on the composition ratio or macro-structure design. How to achieve axial orientation arrangement of magnetic nanoparticles in 1D carbon fibers faces huge challenges. In this work, axially oriented magnetic-carbon (Fe@NC) fibers are fabricated via confined electrospinning and pyrolysis, where spindle-shaped Fe nanoparticles (NPs) are in situ confined within carbonized PAN fibers with their axial direction aligned along the fiber orientation, forming a synergistic heterostructure. Aligned Fe@NC fibers enhanced anisotropy and assembled 3D fiber network boosted electron transfer and magnetic coupling, co-contributing to the energy dissipation. And the micromagnetic simulations revealed the evolution of magnetic domains with increasing magnetic Fe NPs. Benefiting from the dielectric-magnetic synergy, the optimized Fe@NC composite achieved exceptional broadband EM wave absorption, exhibiting an ultra-wide effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 7.1 GHz (covering the entire Ku-band) at a thin thickness of 1.7 mm. This work provides a novel strategy for designing wide-frequency absorbers and advances the controllable synthesis of 1D axially oriented magnetic-dielectric functional composites.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e2500886"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144574573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mitochondrion in Pulmonary Disease: Small Organelle but Big Function. 肺部疾病中的线粒体：小细胞器但功能大。

IF 10.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2025-07-06 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202500674

Jiawen Wang, Honghui Wu, Jianqing Gao, Tianyuan Zhang

{"title":"Mitochondrion in Pulmonary Disease: Small Organelle but Big Function.","authors":"Jiawen Wang, Honghui Wu, Jianqing Gao, Tianyuan Zhang","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202500674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202500674","url":null,"abstract":"Mitochondria are micrometer-sized organelles, yet are pivotal for the activity, function, and fate of mammalian cells. Recent findings further reveal that mitochondrial homeostasis plays an active role in regulating lung cell disorders, inspiring a novel strategy to treat pulmonary disease by restoring the imbalanced mitochondrial homeostasis. Pioneering studies have shown the potentials of this strategy for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis (PF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which currently lack efficient medicines. However, there has been no comprehensive summary of this innovative strategy in pulmonary disease treatment. Therefore, the present review aims to provide an overview of the mechanism and advances in pulmonary disease treatment by restoring mitochondrial homeostasis. Particularly, some of the latest therapeutic strategies, including antioxidant therapy, mitochondrial quality controlling, and mitochondrial replenishment therapy (MRT), are introduced to show the potent capability of mitochondria to regulate cellular disorders in different types of lung cells. This review is believed to provide a general understanding of the mitochondria involved in pathogenesis and is intended to inspire the development of novel therapeutic methods against pulmonary diseases, focusing on regulating impaired mitochondrial homeostasis.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e2500674"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144574576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efficient Configuration Sampling for Hybrid Functional DFT Calculations to Train Machine-Learning Potentials: Application to Atmospheric Chemistry. 混合泛函DFT计算训练机器学习潜力的有效配置采样：在大气化学中的应用。

IF 10.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202500547

Sungwoo Kang, Runlong Cai, Dong Sik Yang, Dong Jin Ham, Markku Kulmala, John H Seinfeld, Jingkun Jiang, Hyun Chul Lee

{"title":"Efficient Configuration Sampling for Hybrid Functional DFT Calculations to Train Machine-Learning Potentials: Application to Atmospheric Chemistry.","authors":"Sungwoo Kang, Runlong Cai, Dong Sik Yang, Dong Jin Ham, Markku Kulmala, John H Seinfeld, Jingkun Jiang, Hyun Chul Lee","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202500547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202500547","url":null,"abstract":"Machine-learning potentials (MLPs), trained to predict energies from quantum chemical calculations, are widely employed to conduct large-scale MD simulations. However, MLPs are mostly trained on computationally inexpensive local/semilocal functionals, as generating training datasets using higher-accuracy theories, such as hybrid functionals, is challenging due to their high computational cost. Here, an active transfer learning scheme is developed to efficiently sample configurations for hybrid functional calculations. The proposed method is evaluated on atmospheric secondary aerosol formation reactions: clustering of sulfuric acid (SA), and dimethylamine (DMA), and oxidation of toluene. The accuracy of the trained MLP is shown to be comparable to that of the quantum chemical calculations, with errors within a few meV per atom. The molecular dynamics simulations are executed stably on a nanosecond scale, resulting in the formation of nanometer-size clusters. Thus, this study paves the way for establishing a general protocol to enable high-level atomistic simulations for a wide range of chemical systems.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e2500547"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synthesis of Boronic Acid-Functionalized Core-Shell Mesoporous Silica-TiO₂ Nanocomposite for Specific Enrichment of Glycopeptides From Biological Samples. 硼酸功能化核壳介孔二氧化硅- tio2纳米复合材料的合成及其对生物糖肽的特异性富集。

IF 10.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202500660

Mohamed Adly Gab-Allah, Maryam Adelipour, Hyojin Hwang, Reham M Marzouk, Heejin Lim, Jooyeon Oh, Ji-Hyun Cha, Jaebeom Lee, Jeongkwon Kim

{"title":"Synthesis of Boronic Acid-Functionalized Core-Shell Mesoporous Silica-TiO2 Nanocomposite for Specific Enrichment of Glycopeptides From Biological Samples.","authors":"Mohamed Adly Gab-Allah, Maryam Adelipour, Hyojin Hwang, Reham M Marzouk, Heejin Lim, Jooyeon Oh, Ji-Hyun Cha, Jaebeom Lee, Jeongkwon Kim","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202500660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202500660","url":null,"abstract":"Protein N-glycosylation plays a pivotal role in regulating biological processes and is closely associated with various disease pathologies. However, the identification of N-glycopeptides typically requires efficient enrichment and advanced mass spectrometric methods due to their low abundance and interference from non-glycosylated peptides. Herein, a boronic acid-functionalized core-shell mesoporous silica-TiO2 nanocomposite is proposed for selective enrichment of N-glycopeptides from biological samples. The material holds attractive merits, including hydrophilic interaction from silica, high BET surface area (122.8 m2 g-1), large porosity (pore size: 8.5 nm), and boronic acid functionality, enabling efficient and specific glycopeptide capture. The enrichment performance using the synthesized material is demonstrated using tryptic digests of human immunoglobulin G (IgG), achieving high binding capacity (25 mg g-1), good repeatability, and selectivity (1:100) toward glycopeptides. A considerable number of N-glycopeptides (n = 35) are successfully enriched from a 5 µg IgG digest, and the detection sensitivity is evaluated to be as low as 33.3 fmol µL-1. Finally, the approach is validated using N-glycopeptides from human serum digest. From merely 2 µL of serum, 215 glycopeptides corresponding to 91 glycoproteins are enriched and identified by nano-LC-MS/MS, demonstrating the promising potential of the synthesized material in glycoproteomics research.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e2500660"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Laminar Flow Alters EV Composition in HUVECs: A Study of Culture Medium Optimization and Molecular Profiling of Vesicle Cargo. 层流改变HUVECs中EV组成：培养基优化及囊泡货物分子谱的研究。

IF 10.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202401841

Arefeh Kardani, Jan Hemmer, Britta Diesel, Vida Mashayekhi, Annika Schomisch, Marcus Koch, Claudia Fecher-Trost, Markus R Meyer, Nicole Ludwig, Shusruto Rishik, Andreas Keller, Jessica Hoppstädter, Gregor Fuhrmann, Alexandra K Kiemer

{"title":"Laminar Flow Alters EV Composition in HUVECs: A Study of Culture Medium Optimization and Molecular Profiling of Vesicle Cargo.","authors":"Arefeh Kardani, Jan Hemmer, Britta Diesel, Vida Mashayekhi, Annika Schomisch, Marcus Koch, Claudia Fecher-Trost, Markus R Meyer, Nicole Ludwig, Shusruto Rishik, Andreas Keller, Jessica Hoppstädter, Gregor Fuhrmann, Alexandra K Kiemer","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202401841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202401841","url":null,"abstract":"Endothelial cells (ECs) experience shear stress associated with blood flow. Such shear stress regulates endothelial function by altering cell physiology. Since most cell culture protocols and media compositions are designed for static cultures and experiments with ECs are predominantly conducted under these non-physiological conditions, a model for culturing ECs under flow conditions is developed, which more closely mimics their physiological environment. This approach also enables the isolation of EVs while minimizing FCS-derived contaminants. In this study, a comprehensive assessment of how physiologically relevant cultivation conditions influence the vesicle composition and function of ECs is provided. A detailed investigation is conducted for the effect of different cell culture media on morphology and marker expression of human umbilical cord endothelial cells (HUVECs) and EVs, and optimize the conditions to culture ECs under flow, tailoring them specifically to facilitate the efficient isolation of EVs using a hollow-fiber system model. These EVs are then characterized and compared to those isolated from traditional static culture conditions. Overall, this study presents a model on isolating EC-derived EVs under conditions that closely mimic physiological environments, and characterization at their proteome, gene expression, and microRNA profile.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e2401841"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efficient Electrochemical N₂ Fixation over Donor-Acceptor FeEu─N₄ Active Site. 供体-受体FeEu─N4活性位点的高效电化学N2固定。

IF 10.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202500828

Zhiya Han, Shiyu Zhang, Yiting Xu, Na He, Jiayin Yang, Shuqi Wang, Huiting Ni, Wenkai Xie, Fengyuan Wang, Chao Li, Liping Tong, Wenda Li, Boxu Feng, Senhe Huang, Gaijuan Guo, Sheng Han, Miaosen Yang, Shaohua Liu

{"title":"Efficient Electrochemical N2 Fixation over Donor-Acceptor FeEu─N4 Active Site.","authors":"Zhiya Han, Shiyu Zhang, Yiting Xu, Na He, Jiayin Yang, Shuqi Wang, Huiting Ni, Wenkai Xie, Fengyuan Wang, Chao Li, Liping Tong, Wenda Li, Boxu Feng, Senhe Huang, Gaijuan Guo, Sheng Han, Miaosen Yang, Shaohua Liu","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202500828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202500828","url":null,"abstract":"Electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) represents a promising approach to sustainable ammonia production, but the low Faradaic efficiency (FE) and poor ammonia yield rate limit its practical application. This work demonstrates an innovative FeEu─NC catalyst that leverages distinct donor-acceptor electron pairs between Fe and Eu atoms to significantly enhance the electrocatalytic NRR. The FeEu─NC catalyst demonstrates an outstanding ammonia yield of 221.6 µg h-1 mgcat -1 and a Faradaic efficiency of 61.1%, surpassing most previously reported NRR catalysts. Comprehensive experimental characterization indicates that electron transfer from Eu to Fe atoms weakens the N≡N bond, enhances N2 activation, and reduces the energy barrier of the potential-determining step, compared to Fe─NC. Furthermore, the difference in limiting potentials between the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and NRR suggests that the FeEu─NC catalyst prioritizes NRR over HER, enhancing its efficiency for ammonia synthesis. This work provides a blueprint for constructing highly active and selective electrocatalysts by exploiting intermetallic electron transfer, offering significant insights into the design of efficient electrochemical nitrogen fixation systems.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e2500828"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144551542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Systematic Assessment of Coulombic Efficiency in Anode-Free and Lithium Metal Batteries. 无阳极电池和锂金属电池库仑效率的系统评价。

IF 10.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202500923

Mingzhu Guan, Zengwu Wei, Rui Liu, Xufeng Yan, Shanshan Sun, Mingjiong Zhou, Snežana Papović, Kun Zheng, Zoran Mandić, Xing Xin

{"title":"Systematic Assessment of Coulombic Efficiency in Anode-Free and Lithium Metal Batteries.","authors":"Mingzhu Guan, Zengwu Wei, Rui Liu, Xufeng Yan, Shanshan Sun, Mingjiong Zhou, Snežana Papović, Kun Zheng, Zoran Mandić, Xing Xin","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202500923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202500923","url":null,"abstract":"Driven by the demand for high-energy-density storage, Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) and anode-free Lithium metal batteries (AFLMBs) have attracted significant attention due to their high theoretical capacity and low reduction potential. However, achieving reproducible Coulombic Efficiency (CE) measurements remains a challenge due to inconsistencies in electrochemical protocols and experimental conditions. This study systematically evaluates and compares three CE measurement methodologies, identifying key factors that influence reproducibility and accuracy. Unlike previous studies, which often report CE values without considering their methodological limitations, the impact of electrolyte composition, electrolyte concentration, and electrode surface properties are highlighted on CE variations. Furthermore, this study demonstrates that a pre-cycling Li reservoir method effectively minimizes substrate effects, leading to the most sensitive measurements across various testing conditions. This work provides a standardized framework for CE evaluation in LMBs and AFLMBs, offering valuable insights for optimizing Li-free anode interfaces and accelerating the commercialization of high-performance LMBs.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e2500923"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144537602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0