Nano Energy最新文献

{"title":"Reversing nitride/fluoride distribution in the solid electrolyte interphase enables a highly reversible lithium metal anode","authors":"Linlin Zheng, Ruilin Hou, Tianze Shi, Xinyi Sun, Aoyuan Chen, Haoshen Zhou, Shaohua Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110849","url":null,"abstract":"A robust solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is essential for constructing high-performance lithium-metal battery (LMB). Here, we designed a unique layered SEI film with a reverse gradient distribution of nitride and fluoride compounds using a dual-salt electrolyte. Notably, the solvation structures, especially aggregates (AGG) are influenced by both the concentration effect and the binding energy differences between different anions and lithium ions. Through finely adjusting AGG, the anion decomposition processes can be controlled, thereby optimizing the component ratio of SEI film. As a result, the optimized electrolyte achieves a high CE of 99.50% and ensures dendrite-free lithium deposition. The LMB (50 μm Li|| LiFePO₄, N/P ratio is 3) achieves high capacity retention rate of 90% after 300 cycles. This work not only develops a novel and excellent electrolyte for stable LMBs, but also reveals the internal mechanisms between solvation structure and SEI component/structure.","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143547049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperature-Driven Co-optimization of IGZO/HZO Ferroelectric Field-Effect Transistors for Optoelectronic Neuromorphic Computing","authors":"Deokjoon Eom, Hyunhee Kim, Woohui Lee, Changyu Park, Jinsung Park, Heesoo Lee, Taegyu Kim, San Nam, Yong-Hoon Kim, Hyoungsub Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110837","url":null,"abstract":"The integration of ferroelectricity and the photoelectric effect offers substantial potential for the realization of optoelectronic-based artificial neural networks (ANNs) and biomimetic systems. Despite their potential, the application of ferroelectric field-effect transistors (FeFETs) in optoelectronic neuromorphic devices, where light regulates synaptic activation, remains largely unexplored. Here, we report InGaZnO/Zr-doped HfO₂ (IGZO/HZO) artificial synapses for the emulation of optoelectronic ANNs and optogenetic-inspired neural functions. Particularly, by simultaneously optimizing the post-deposition annealing (PDA) process for the stabilization of HZO ferroelectric phase and activation of IGZO channel, high-performance FeFETs exhibiting a memory window of ~1<!-- --> <!-- -->V and endurance up to 10⁴ cycles were achieved. Spectroscopic analyses correlated PDA temperature-dependent dynamic transitions in electrical properties with hydrogen relocation, oxygen vacancy formation, zinc vaporization, and film densification. The IGZO/HZO synapses successfully emulated synaptic functions such as spike-amplitude and spike-duration-dependent plasticity, using both electrical (E) and optical (O) stimulation. Furthermore, dual E/O stimulus activation of IGZO/HZO synapses, combined with polarization state modulation, was employed to emulate optogenetic-inspired neural functions. We also demonstrated that dual E/O stimulus activation of artificial synapses enhanced ANN image recognition accuracy from 86% to 90%, outperforming the performance achieved with a single E-stimulation. We envision that these findings can provide a process protocol for IGZO/HZO FeFETs to achieve stable phasic control and realization of optoelectronic neuromorphic devices.","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143547047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flexible wearable electronics for enhanced human-computer interaction and virtual reality applications","authors":"Jian Li, Yuliang Zhao, Yibo Fan, Junyi Chen, Junhui Gong, Wen Jung Li","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110821","url":null,"abstract":"Flexible wearable electronics, inspired by human sensory systems, are revolutionizing human–computer interaction (HCI) and virtual reality (VR) technologies. By integrating advanced materials such as graphene, MXenes, piezoelectric polymers, and hydrogels with intelligent architectures, these systems provide high sensitivity, flexibility, and multifunctionality. Recent innovations in structural design, including stretchable, self-healing, and multilayered architectures, enable seamless data acquisition and adaptive interaction in real-time applications. Advanced AI integration improves these systems by facilitating precise motion tracking, multimodal signal processing, and dynamic feedback, transforming immersive experiences in gaming, healthcare, and robotics. However, challenges such as material stability, energy efficiency, and data privacy persist, necessitating novel solutions such as scalable manufacturing techniques, sustainable materials, and privacy-preserving frameworks. This review highlights the convergence of flexible electronics, advanced materials, and AI-driven sensing technologies, offering a roadmap for the next generation of wearable HCI systems. By addressing current limitations, these innovations promise to redefine how users interact with both the digital and physical worlds, paving the way for smarter and more intuitive interactions in diverse applications.","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"84 6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143547052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Micro-nano fibers with core-shell for enhancing flame retardancy and high-temperature resistance of biodegradable triboelectric materials","authors":"Juanxia He, Xingzhe Ruan, Lihong Yang, Zechun Liu, Kezhang Liao, Xuecai Xie, Xueming Shu, Yongzhong Zhan, Xingzhi Pang, Wenchao Yang, Hanbing Zhang, Qingshan Duan","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110848","url":null,"abstract":"With the development of intelligence and green concepts, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have gained tremendous attention in wearable devices due to their high sustainability, light weight, and excellent flexibility. However, they may be damaged in high-temperature fires. It is vital to develop a kind of triboelectric material with flame retardance, biodegradability, and high triboelectric properties for the high-temperature alarm and motion monitoring. Herein, a degradable triboelectric material (P/C3P20) with core (polylactic acid/carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes, PLA/C-MWCNT) and shell (polylactic acid/calcium phytate, PLA/PA-Ca) was constructed by coaxial electrospinning. P/C3P20 exhibited burning without molten droplets and self-extinguishing within 6<!-- --> <!-- -->s, which was due to gas and condensed phases synergistic effects of PO• radicals and the dense char layer. Meanwhile, the P/C3P20 membrane degraded up to 70% on the 4^th day in the proteinase K solution. The open-circuit voltage of the P/C3P20-TENG (4 cm², 76.21<!-- --> <!-- -->V) was nearly 6.1 times that of the casting PLA-TENG. It maintained 71.29% at 160 ℃ and 13.40% at a 520 ℃ flame with burning 20<!-- --> <!-- -->s, respectively, and successfully outputted stable signals to self-powered sensing. This work provides a novel idea to prepare triboelectric materials and devices with flame retardance, high-temperature resistance, and degradation, which will benefit for early-warning fire and guaranteeing firefights’ safety.","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143560957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultra-Precise Sensing in PVDF Piezoelectric Nanogenerator with Self-Oriented Nanocrystals via Multi-Level Counter-Chain Relaxation Strategy","authors":"Haoran Pei, Jiayu Tan, Zilin Peng, Haoqi Zhang, Shiping Song, Jiajun Guo, Hongchao Lu, Zhuo Zheng, Jingjing Jing, Yinghong Chen, Yeping Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110847","url":null,"abstract":"Piezoelectric polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is in high demand in emerging self-powered sensing electronics. However, the relaxation behavior of polymer chains towards thermodynamic equilibrium at high temperatures severely restricts the preparation of high-performance PVDF-based multifunctional devices. Herein, an ingenious strategy called the counter-chain relaxation method is proposed, which couples ion-dipole interactions and a strong shear field to embed uniaxially self-oriented polar β-phase nanocrystals into PVDF. A multiwalled carbon nanotube template loaded with ionic liquid was introduced to restrict the movement of local molecular chains. The extremely fast cooling rate of the microinjection molding technique further inhibits the relaxation behavior of the stretched molecular chains, allowing the oriented polar crystals to remain intact. The β-phase orientation of the PVDF-based functional device along its axes is observed through two-dimensional small-angle X-ray scattering. Moreover, the construction of the microneedle arrays could optimize the elastic strain distribution to maximize the electromechanical coupling performance, resulting in a sensitivity of 85<!-- --> <!-- -->mV/kPa for the microdevice. After integrating 3D-printed electrodes, high-precision sensing applications, such as high-resolution text imaging, can be achieved, thus providing a promising platform for developing high-precision sensing electronics in the future.","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143560959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coupling Layered Spraying with Joule Heating to Achieve Efficient CuZn Alloy Synthesis for Self-Powered Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia","authors":"Shuaitong Wang, Yang Liu, Jinrui Huang, Shizhe Liu, Shilong Li, Mengran Liu, Zhichao Ma, Tianfang Yang, Yingjie Yang, Shuyan Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110843","url":null,"abstract":"Electrochemical reduction of nitrate to ammonia (NO₃RR) is an emerging and environmentally sustainable approach for synthesizing ammonia (NH₃). However, the electrocatalytic NO₃RR faces significant challenges of the slow kinetics of active hydrogen (*H) transfer and extreme dependence on conventional energy sources. Herein, we innovatively propose a novel strategy of layered spraying coupled with a Joule heating strategy to prepare a CuZn₅ alloy for enhancing the adsorption energy of *H and reducing the desorption energy of NH₃, which is guided by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The synthesized CuZn₅ alloy exhibits exceptional performance, with a remarkable NH₃ Faradaic efficiency reaching 98.4% and an impressive yield rate of 420 μmol h⁻¹ cm⁻². Furthermore, the CuZn₅ catalyst is integrated into a self-powered NO₃RR system, which is powered by a high-performance triboelectric nanogenerator (<em>I</em>_<em>max</em> = 100 μA, <em>V</em>_<em>max</em> = 600<!-- --> <!-- -->V), achieving an NH₃ yield rate of 54.70 μmol h⁻¹ cm⁻² without the external power source. This study presents a novel method for the efficient preparation of NO₃RR catalysts and offers a clean energy solution for the production of high-value chemicals.","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143547050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research and development of modification strategies based on all inorganic perovskite solar cells","authors":"Junwei Tan, Shanlin Tong, Tao Zhou, Jia Lin, Yongsheng Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110815","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have developed rapidly, with their power conversion efficiency (PCE) even rivaling that of crystalline silicon (Si) solar cells, making them a leader in the field of photovoltaics (PV). All inorganic PSCs, especially CsPbI₂Br perovskite, have attracted widespread attention and research because of their outstanding thermal stability, appropriate trade-offs and band gap suitable for tandem solar cells. Due to the replacement of organic components, all inorganic PSCs have also circumvented the stability issues associated with organic molecules. In order to further promote the commercial development of CsPbI₂Br PSCs, carbon hydrophobic materials are introduced as hole transport layer (HTL) and back electrode, which can not only meet the challenges of humidity stability, but also simplify the preparation process and reduce the cost. Since the first report of carbon-based perovskite solar cells (C-PSCs) in 2016, the efficiency and stability of the devices have significantly improved. The current research work has proposed a series of strategies to enhance the performance of the device, including optimizing the preparation process, optimizing the charge transport layer, solvent engineering, additive engineering, interface modification, etc. This review mainly summarizes the research progress of CsPbI₂Br C-PSCs, and briefly mentions the development and application of CsPbI₂Br perovskite in the tandem solar cells, carbon-based flexible PSCs, semitransparent PSCs and large area devices, finally, the challenges in the field of CsPbI₂Br PSCs are discussed, and a prospect for future research is presented.","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143547053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain activation after repairing the anterior cruciate ligament injury in rabbits with piezoelectric nanomaterial: A fMRI study","authors":"Rong Su, Yipei He, Yan Qi, Lei Fang, Xiang Zhao, Ziyu Meng, Xinhao Xiang, Wanyun Huang, Siqi Peng, Genting Wang, Wenwen Yu, Yinan Shi, Chengyi Hou, Ran Tao, Dongliang Shi, Wenxin Niu","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110845","url":null,"abstract":"The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) plays a crucial role in maintaining knee stability and transmitting proprioceptive signals. ACL injury will cause the alternation of proprioceptive signal afferents, which in turn affects central nervous system, leading to brain functional plasticity changes. Traditional ACL reconstruction requires consideration of graft selection, may also cause additional injury, and is not ideal for restoring proprioceptive deficits. A novel piezoelectric nanomaterial used in this study, combined with stump-preserving repair, may contribute to the restoration of proprioceptive deficits. In this study, the New Zealand White rabbits were modeled for ACL injury and repaired with two kinds of sutures. Then, the brain activation, functional connectivity and biomechanical properties were compared with healthy rabbits. The PENM increases proprioceptive signal transmission between the cerebral cortex and subcortical nucles, thereby modulating the proprioceptive neural circuitry. This may contribute to the recovery of proprioceptive deficits, on the basis of restoring mechanical property. Thus, it is expected to be further applied in clinical ACL repair.","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143547055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Balancing Zn electrocrystallization kinetics and mass transport with appropriate electrolyte additive for Zn metal batteries","authors":"Luyao Wang, Mingzi Sun, Jun Yang, Jingmin Zhang, Bolong Huang, Xiong Pu","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110839","url":null,"abstract":"The applications of promising aqueous Zn metal batteries are limited by the evolution of detrimental Zn anode morphologies during repeated cycling. Many electrolyte additives are reported to enhance cell performances through compact Zn deposition; whereas, there is still a lack of fundamentally general understandings considering both their effects on Zn electrocrystallization kinetics and mass transport. Here, we propose a general criterion, the ratio (&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mfrac is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;msub is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;j&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;d&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;msub is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;j&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mn is=\"true\"&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/mfrac&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;script type=\"math/mml\"&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mfrac is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;msub is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;j&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;d&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;msub is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;j&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mn is=\"true\"&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/mfrac&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/script&gt;&lt;/span&gt;) between limiting current density (&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;j&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;d&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;script type=\"math/mml\"&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;j&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;d&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/script&gt;&lt;/span&gt;) and exchange current density (&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;j&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mn is=\"true\"&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;script type=\"math/mml\"&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;j&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mn is=\"true\"&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/script&gt;&lt;/span&gt;), to evaluate the electrolyte additives. This ratio describes the interplay between the Zn electrocrystallization rate and mass transport rate, which is also related to the critical overpotentials required to initiate ion depletion and Zn dendrites. We show that model electrolyte additive (aspartame) can lower both the Zn electrocrystallization kinetics and Zn&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt; diffusion rate, but the &lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mfrac is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;msub is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;j&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;d&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;msub is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;j&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mn is=\"true\"&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/mfrac&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;script type=\"math/mml\"&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mfrac is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;msub is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;j&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;d&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;msub is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;j&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mn is=\"true\"&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/mfrac&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/script&gt;&lt;/span&gt; can be significantly enlarged at an optimum concentration. Therefore, the high &lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mfrac is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;msub is=\"t","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143547074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flexible intelligent thermal management systems: Sensing devices, signals, and applications","authors":"Zixiao Feng ,&nbsp;Heqing Ye ,&nbsp;Yufei Lu ,&nbsp;Hongjian Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhenguo Liu ,&nbsp;Wei Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110842","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110842","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In an era where the efficient and smart management of heat is increasingly crucial for human life, equipment operation, and the ecological environment, the need for convenient and efficient thermal management is more pressing than ever. Recent advances in the integration of flexible temperature sensors with signal transmission and feedback systems into flexible intelligent thermal management systems (FITMS) have facilitated continuous and highly accurate real-time monitoring of various physiological signals. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest research advances in FITMS, constituent materials, fabrication methods, signal transmission and feedback systems, and their applications. Firstly, the interaction between flexible substrates and innovative temperature sensing materials, which enhances system performance and adaptability, is examined. Then, critical signal transmission and feedback mechanisms are explored, detailing how these systems process temperature data and ensure responsive thermal regulation. Subsequently, the application of these systems is then discussed in three main areas: human temperature management for medical purposes, equipment temperature management for operational stability, and environmental temperature management for ecological balance. Finally, the challenges, prospects, and unprecedented opportunities for flexible intelligent thermal management systems across various fields are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 110842"},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143547057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}