Nano Energy最新文献

{"title":"CNN-driven self-powered sensing system for transmission line aeolian vibration recognition by hybrid aeolian energy harvester","authors":"Sihang Gao ,&nbsp;Lingjiang Long ,&nbsp;Baocang Ding,&nbsp;Yongxi Liu,&nbsp;Yuqi Sun,&nbsp;Jiajia Chen,&nbsp;Guoqi Min","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2026.111870","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2026.111870","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work addresses a critical bottleneck in current self-powered vibration sensing for transmission lines, where existing methods rely on oversimplified mappings between vibration parameters and electrical signals, with lacking sustainable power for reliable deployment. First, a hybrid aeolian vibration harvester (HAVH) integrating a multilayer-elastic triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) and a plug-cored electromagnetic generator (EMG) is proposed. Through structural optimization, the TENG achieves an open-circuit voltage of 498 V and a peak power of 4.4 mW in the 5–50 Hz, while the EMG supplies a short-circuit current of 23 mA and a peak power of 53 mW, enabling simultaneous energy harvesting and multimodal vibration signal acquisition. Second, nine vibration states are defined based on vibration frequency and amplitude characteristics. Triboelectric signals characterize their dynamic responses, and a mapping model is built by training a two-dimensional convolutional neural network (2D-CNN) on experimental data, which learns to extract discriminative features from triboelectric signals and establish the relationship between vibration excitations and corresponding output patterns. Additionally, an integrated power-management and signal-processing circuit is designed to provide stable power while enabling vibration signal processing. Finally, a self-powered system integrating the HAVH, circuit module, and upper computer demonstrates 99.5% recognition accuracy for all nine vibration states with graded warning, offering a viable approach for intelligent sensing of power transmission systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"152 ","pages":"Article 111870"},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147388426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A highly-integrated flexible triboelectric vibration sensing system for intelligent industrial monitoring on curved surfaces","authors":"Yuxuan Rao ,&nbsp;Xingge Yu ,&nbsp;Zhenpeng Cai ,&nbsp;Yulong Yuan ,&nbsp;Li Xiang ,&nbsp;Anlian Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2026.111864","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2026.111864","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The secure and stable operation of energy and industrial systems relies heavily on accurate vibration monitoring. However, conventional rigid vibration sensors face challenges in achieving conformal attachment to the curved surfaces ubiquitous in industrial equipment, leading to signal distortion and limiting deployment flexibility. While emerging flexible sensors offer some improvements, they often encounter limitations such as sensitivity to electromagnetic interference, poor low-frequency response, or complex fabrication processes. To address these challenges, this study presents a fully flexible, highly-integrated triboelectric vibration monitoring system centered on a conical microstructure-based flexible triboelectric vibration sensor (CMF-TVS) for intelligent mechanical condition monitoring. At the device level, the CMF-TVS is constructed by coupling a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) nanofiber film with a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) layer featuring conical microstructures. This point-contact triboelectric interface lowers the mechanical activation threshold and enables stable signal generation under small-amplitude excitation. The CMF-TVS achieves a broadband frequency response of 30–1000 Hz, detects vibration amplitudes as small as 0.127 μm, and maintains stability over 12,000 cycles. Benefiting from the intrinsic flexibility of both the sensing unit and structural design, the system conforms robustly to planar and curved surfaces. Furthermore, the system integrates a hybrid neural network, achieving a remarkable state recognition accuracy of 98.75% for eight different mechanical operating conditions, demonstrating significant potential for self-powered, in-situ vibration monitoring in complex industrial environments. This work provides a readily deployable, flexible solution for achieving long-term and in-situ vibration monitoring in practical complex industrial environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"152 ","pages":"Article 111864"},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147388357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Li-based NbOx self-rectifying memristor crossbar arrays for precisely reversible weight programming","authors":"Jeong Hyeon Son,&nbsp;Hyun-Sik Kim,&nbsp;Ki-Hoon Son,&nbsp;Yun-Seo Shin,&nbsp;Dae-Hee Han,&nbsp;Hong-Sub Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2026.111869","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2026.111869","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the advancement of large AI models, the need for acceleration hardware for energy-efficient artificial neural networks (ANNs) computations is becoming increasingly important. Memristor-based crossbar arrays (MCA) offer promising in-memory computing for AI acceleration but face challenges like device-to-device (D2D) variation, cycle-to-cycle (C2C) variation, and non-ideal weight updates due to stochastic ion migration. To mitigate these issues in edge inference applications, this study explores inference-only passive MCAs that enable reliable transfer of pre-trained weights from servers to hardware arrays. We fabricated self-rectifying Li-based amorphous NbO_x memristors using atomic layer deposition (ALD), achieving interface-type resistive switching via Li ion injection/recovery from electrodes. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS), and 3D secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) confirmed the mechanism: Li interstitial defects modulate Nb valence states (Nb^5 + to Nb⁴⁺), enabling multi-bit conductance tuning with asymmetric interfaces for sneak-current suppression. A 32 × 32 passive MCA was implemented, programming 1024 cells to 16 conductance states (4 bits). Excluding breakdowns, 99.8% and 99.4% achievement rates were obtained for two target maps via iterative potentiation/depression pulses. This demonstrates reliable weight transplantation, paving the way for energy-efficient, high-reliability AI inference hardware in edge devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"152 ","pages":"Article 111869"},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147388427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochemo-mechanics unlocks hidden dynamics of lithium plating under stacking pressure","authors":"Amit Bhowmick ,&nbsp;Bo Rui ,&nbsp;Shuguo Sun ,&nbsp;Xijun Tan ,&nbsp;Bingqing Wei ,&nbsp;Youngwon Hahn ,&nbsp;Sandeep Kulathu ,&nbsp;Victor Oancea ,&nbsp;Wenquan Lu ,&nbsp;Jun Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2026.111751","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2026.111751","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding and mitigating lithium plating remains one of the most pressing challenges in advancing the safety and longevity of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Here, we present a novel integrative framework that combines in-operando swelling force measurements with a physics-based electro-chemo-mechanical model to uncover previously inaccessible insights into lithium plating dynamics under mechanical constraints. Unlike existing approaches that focus primarily on electrochemical signatures, our approach captures the coupled mechanical responses of commercial pouch cells during cycling, revealing how mechanical constraints fundamentally alter degradation pathways. We demonstrate that the use of a moderate stacking pressure suppresses lithium plating and enhances lithium stripping. This mechanically driven structural effect, coupled with the electrochemical process, significantly extends the linear aging regime in LIBs. Intriguingly, intermittent capacity recovery events that were observed during the battery cycling suggest dynamic lithium reactivation, a phenomenon rarely captured in real-time. This study pioneers a stress-aware methodology for diagnosing and managing lithium plating, establishing a new paradigm for real-time battery health monitoring. The findings offer transformative implications for the design of durable, high-performance LIB systems, opening new avenues for intelligent control strategies in battery management systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"150 ","pages":"Article 111751"},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146033820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multifunctional zero-dimensional hybrid halide for multiscale buried interface planarization in perovskite solar cells","authors":"Shuo Wang ,&nbsp;Dongliang Bai ,&nbsp;ZhenHua Li ,&nbsp;Shaoan Yang ,&nbsp;Huanyu Chen ,&nbsp;Zhen Guan ,&nbsp;Xuejie Zhu ,&nbsp;Dong Yang ,&nbsp;Zhiwen Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2026.111770","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2026.111770","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The buried interface between electron transport layer (ETL) and perovskite absorber often induce the awful properties of perovskite film such as interfacial defects, trenched structure and ion migration, hindering improving efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Here, we present a multiscale planarized interface regulation (MPIR) strategy by introducing π-conjugated zero-dimensional (0D) metal halide, BPP₂MnBr₄ (BPP⁺ = C₂₅H₂₂P⁺), as multifunctional interlayer on SnO₂. The π-conjugated multi-phenyl framework enables strong coupling with adjacent functional layers, while the 0D configuration provides quantum confinement and structural robustness. Theoretical and experimental analyses reveal that BPP₂MnBr₄ increases the formation energy of non-photovoltaic phase (δ-FAPbI₃), thus improving phase purity. Additionally, buried interface modified by BPP₂MnBr₄ flattens grain boundary trenches to release residual stress for perovskite film. Benefiting from MPIR achieves a high efficiency of 25.88 %, and good stability for maintaining 92.0 % of initial efficiency after 1000 h of continuous light irradiation in N₂ without encapsulation of perovskite devices. Besides, the resulted solar module with an active area of 25.74 cm² (6.5 cm<span><math><mo>×</mo></math></span>6.5 cm <span><math><mo>×</mo></math></span>9 sub-cells) exhibits a PCE of 22.37 % with excellent uniformity. These results establish π-conjugated 0D metal halides as multifunctional interlayers capable of simultaneously improving structural robustness and operational reliability in perovskite photovoltaics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"150 ","pages":"Article 111770"},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146089608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A self-powered single-transistor synchronous switching strategy toward efficient utilization of triboelectric energy","authors":"Ruisi Zheng ,&nbsp;Luyang Zheng ,&nbsp;Jiaxing Li ,&nbsp;Yifan Yang ,&nbsp;Qinhao Zheng ,&nbsp;Li Zhang ,&nbsp;Kangqi Fan ,&nbsp;Rusen Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2026.111773","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2026.111773","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Switching-mode energy management strategies (EMSs) play a pivotal role in promoting the utilization of triboelectric energy, but their implementation is predominantly through the simple series connection of a synchronous switching unit with a full-wave rectifier, which leads to overmany electronic components and hence overmuch energy dissipation. To address this issue, we propose herein a self-powered single-transistor synchronous switching strategy (SPST-3S) for triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), whose implementation depends only on a half-wave rectifier and a single NPN transistor, requiring the minimum number of electronic components for switching-mode EMSs so far. Through the rational combination of a transistor with a half-wave rectifier, the SPST-3S enables both real-time detection of the TENG voltage peak and automatic switching actions, achieving high energy conversion efficiency of 88.6 %. Theoretical analysis and experimental tests demonstrate that, with the SPST-3S, the optimal output impedance of a rotary TENG (R-TENG) is reduced by 99.97 % (from 650 MΩ to 0.19 MΩ) and the peak output current is increased by a factor of 44 (from 3.5 μA to 154 μA). In addition, sustaining the continuous operation of a hygrothermograph, which cannot be realized by the energy management circuit (EMC) based on the full-wave rectifier, is achieved by the EMC designed with the SPST-3S. This study introduces a distinctive and integrated EMS for TENGs, offering a promising technical route for achieving efficient utilization of triboelectric energy and thus advancing TENG’s application in various fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"150 ","pages":"Article 111773"},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146110652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interfacial polarization–enhanced nanogenerator coupled with supercapacitor as a self-charging sustainable power source","authors":"Venkatraju Jella ,&nbsp;Swathi Ippili ,&nbsp;Vaiyapuri Soundharrajan,&nbsp;Yun Hee Chang,&nbsp;Chunjoong Kim,&nbsp;Eun-Hye Hwang,&nbsp;Van-Hoang Vuong,&nbsp;Van-Quyen Truong,&nbsp;Soon-Gil Yoon","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2026.111774","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2026.111774","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of self-charging power sources (SCPS) that integrate energy harvesting and storage functionalities is highly desirable for wearable and portable electronic devices, as they can provide continuous and sustainable power. Herein, a lead-free silver bismuth iodide (Ag₂BiI₅) perovskite-based hybrid piezoelectric-triboelectric nanogenerator (HP-TENG) is integrated with an aqueous zinc-ion supercapacitor (AZISC) to construct an efficient SCPS capable of simultaneously harvesting mechanical energy and storing it for subsequent use. Ag₂BiI₅ perovskite was synthesized by a facile antisolvent-assisted collision technique and subsequently incorporated into a poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) matrix to form composite films, whose dielectric properties were systematically tuned by varying the Ag₂BiI₅ content. The incorporation of Ag₂BiI₅ promoted the formation of electroactive β-PVDF phase and enhanced interfacial polarization, leading to remarkable dielectric improvement. The optimized flexible 20 wt% Ag₂BiI₅–PVDF composite-based HP-TENG delivered a high output voltage of 756 V, current of 19.8 μA, and power of 5.04 mW, while maintaining superior mechanical durability over 27,000 operating cycles. An aqueous zinc-ion supercapacitor is fabricated using commercial activated carbon as the positive electrode and Zn as the negative electrode. Finally, the integration of the HP-TENG with a supercapacitor enabled continuous mechanical energy harvesting and storage. The HP-TENG successfully charged the AZISC to 1.61 V within 160 min under an applied force of 5 kgf at a contact-separation frequency of 5 Hz, effectively powering small-scale electronic devices and demonstrating the potential of the developed SCPS for next-generation self-powered electronics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"150 ","pages":"Article 111774"},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146110650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electric field-assisted construction of bionic directional channels enhances charge storage in MXene/Ecoflex triboelectric nanogenerators for self-powered sensing","authors":"Yunfeng Wang ,&nbsp;Haibao Mu ,&nbsp;Huanmin Yao ,&nbsp;Shasha He ,&nbsp;Shuai Wang ,&nbsp;Yiyun Yang ,&nbsp;Yaxin Chen ,&nbsp;Xinran Chen ,&nbsp;Guanjun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2026.111750","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2026.111750","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Triboelectric flexible wearable sensors provide a new momentum for the intelligent and digital development of rehabilitation medicine, and effectively address the key challenges of sensor power supply, sensitivity, and comfort. However, the lack of reliable control methods for material doping makes it difficult to further enhance the sensitivity of triboelectric sensors. Inspired by the efficient water transport mechanism in plants, this study employed an AC electric field-assisted method to fabricate MXene/Ecoflex composite films (ACC films) with an oriented structure. The influence of the electric field on MXene orientation behavior and its formation mechanism were systematically investigated. Experimental results demonstrate that the oriented MXene filler effectively enhances the film's charge storage capacity and reduces charge dissipation, thus significantly improving the output performance of the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG). The open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, and charge density of ACC-TENG prepared under a 600 V/mm electric field increased by 25.2 %, 34 %, and 31 %, respectively, comparing to the film without an applied electric field. Ultimately, the constructed ACC-TENG was applied as a flexible sensor for human motion monitoring and rehabilitation assessment, achieving highly sensitive detection of subtle motion features such as joint flexion duration, flexion angle, and finger tremors during gripping (with conventional gripping signals reaching 20 V output). This provides innovative material design concepts and technical pathways for the advancement of intelligent rehabilitation medicine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"150 ","pages":"Article 111750"},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146033823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Band alignment and Cu+ long-range migration suppression enable excellent and stabilized thermoelectric performance in copper sulfide via endotaxial CsPbBr3 nanoprecipitates","authors":"Yi-Xin Zhang ,&nbsp;Qi-Yong Chen ,&nbsp;Jianrui Wang ,&nbsp;Tian-Yu Yang ,&nbsp;Zi-Yuan Wang ,&nbsp;Xing Yang ,&nbsp;Ze Li ,&nbsp;Chong-Yu Wang ,&nbsp;Lili Xi ,&nbsp;Jiong Yang ,&nbsp;Zhen-Hua Ge ,&nbsp;Jing Feng ,&nbsp;Jiaqing He","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2026.111757","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2026.111757","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Band alignment has been extensively utilized in thermoelectric materials to enhance carrier mobility and suppress lattice thermal conductivity. However, its impact on ionic transport in superionic conductors remains largely unexplored. In such systems, the migration of Cu ions complicates carrier and phonon transport since the additional scattering effects and ionic conductivity. Herein, we propose a novel path of <em>in-situ</em> forming endotaxial CsPbBr₃ nanoprecipitates within a Cu_1.96S matrix. It is found that the valence band alignment and crystallographic coherence facilitate carrier mobility. The endotaxial nanostructures decrease ionic conductivity and lattice thermal conductivity by Cu ion suppression and all-scale phonon scattering enhancement. Consequently, a peak <em>ZT</em> of 2.4 is realized in Cu_1.96S-1.16 vol% CsPbBr₃ specimen at 973 K. This approach offers a novel framework for regulating carrier, phonon, and ion transport, with significant potential for advancing thermoelectrics and other functional material systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"150 ","pages":"Article 111757"},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146056531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electro-active phase assisted all-fiber triboelectric nanogenerator (AF-TENG) for energy harvesting and human joint angle monitoring","authors":"Satyaranjan Bairagi,&nbsp;Muhammad Zada,&nbsp;Corin Otesteanu,&nbsp;Carlo Menon","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2026.111784","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2026.111784","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have attracted increasing interest in self-powered sensing and wearable energy harvesting; however, the role of electroactive phase engineering in fully flexible, fiber-based TENGs remains insufficiently explored. Here, we proposed a flexible, electroactive-phase-assisted all-fiber TENG (AF-TENG) comprising BaTiO₃ nanoparticles (BTO NPs)-incorporated polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) nanofibers as the tribo-negative layer and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) nanofibers as the tribo-positive layer. By synergistically combining electrospinning-induced in situ poling, mechanical stretching, and BTO-induced β-phase nucleation, the electroactive phase of PVDF was effectively tuned at the material level. FTIR analysis quantified the electroactive phase through the β-phase fraction (F(β)) of 71 % for PVDF-1 %BTO compared to 63 % for pure PVDF. As a result, the optimized AF-TENG delivered an output voltage of ∼73 V and a current of ∼7.7 µA at 20 N and 4 Hz, whereas a peak power of ∼55.68 µW and a power density of ∼6.18 µW cm⁻² were observed. Unlike previously reported PVDF-BTO-based TENGs that rely on rigid or semi-rigid counter layers, the fully fibrous architecture presented here offers superior flexibility, conformability, and wearability, which makes it particularly suitable for on-body applications. The AF-TENG demonstrated practical functionality by charging capacitors, lighting LEDs, and powering a commercial stopwatch. Moreover, by integrating machine learning algorithms, the device enabled highly accurate human joint angle prediction, establishing a novel framework in which an all-fiber TENG simultaneously functions as an energy harvester and an intelligent, self-powered motion sensor. This work highlights electroactive phase engineering in an all-fiber platform as an effective strategy for advancing wearable, and intelligent self-powered sensing systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"150 ","pages":"Article 111784"},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146138864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}