Nano EnergyPub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2024.110587
Jiaze Sun , Xianhe Meng , Yitao Hui , Qi Shen , Meiqiang Fan , Jiaying Zhang , Xiong Wang , Hongmin Jiang , Qiaoling Kang , Lijing Yan , Chubin Wan , Tingli Ma
{"title":"Structurally controlled Na4VMn(PO4)3 cathodes via alkali metal cation substitution for high-performance sodium-ion batteries","authors":"Jiaze Sun , Xianhe Meng , Yitao Hui , Qi Shen , Meiqiang Fan , Jiaying Zhang , Xiong Wang , Hongmin Jiang , Qiaoling Kang , Lijing Yan , Chubin Wan , Tingli Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2024.110587","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2024.110587","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Na superionic conductor (NASICON)-type Na<sub>4</sub>VMn(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub> (NVMP), with its three-dimensional framework and high operating voltage, has demonstrated great potential as a cathode material for Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). However, its performance is hindered by the Jahn-Teller effect from Mn<sup>3+</sup> and slow Na<sup>+</sup> diffusion kinetics, leading to capacity fade and structural instability. In this study, Li<sup>+</sup> and K<sup>+</sup> cations were separately doped into the NVMP structure to improve electrochemical performance. Li-doping enhanced the V<sup>3+</sup>/V<sup>4+</sup> redox activity and significantly reduced the Jahn-Teller effect, contributing to a high-capacity retention of 97.7 % after 100 cycles at 1 C and 96.1 % after 1000 cycles at 10 C. This high-rate stability highlights the role of Li-doping in maintaining structural integrity and efficient ion transport under fast cycling conditions. Meanwhile, K-doping improved the structural stability by stabilizing V<sup>3+</sup> oxidation states, leading to a capacity retention of 110.3 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> after 100 cycles at 1 C and a discharge capacity of 99 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> at 10 C. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) further confirmed that both Li<sup>+</sup> and K<sup>+</sup> doping suppressed the Jahn-Teller effect by regulating the Mn<sup>3+</sup> environment, which contributed to the improved cycling stability and Na<sup>+</sup> cation diffusion kinetics. These findings highlight the effectiveness of alkali metal cations doping as a strategy to enhance the cycling performance of NVMP cathodes for high-performance SIBs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 110587"},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142816060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano EnergyPub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2024.110576
Rouren Chen , Haiyu Wang , Songyang Yuan , Tao Jia , Yongmin Luo , Tao Lin , Yuanjie Xu , Qingduan Li , Yao Li , Biao Xiao , Ruijie Ma , Jiaying Wu , Yue-peng Cai , Shengjian Liu , Fei Huang
{"title":"Modulated aggregation on terpolymer towards 19.2 % green solvent processed binary organic solar cells","authors":"Rouren Chen , Haiyu Wang , Songyang Yuan , Tao Jia , Yongmin Luo , Tao Lin , Yuanjie Xu , Qingduan Li , Yao Li , Biao Xiao , Ruijie Ma , Jiaying Wu , Yue-peng Cai , Shengjian Liu , Fei Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2024.110576","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2024.110576","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Organic solar cells (OSCs) with efficiencies over 20 % demonstrate significant potential in the photovoltaic market. However, the fabrication of state-of-the-art OSCs often relies on the use of highly toxic solvents. To advance OSCs toward industrial production, it is crucial to develop efficient and environmentally friendly solvent-processed OSCs. In this contribution, 1,2,3-benzothiadiazole is used as a third monomer to modify the benchmark donor D18, affording three terpolymers: PiBTX (X = 10, 20, 30). Thanks to the steric hindrance introduced by 1,2,3-benzothiadiazole, the PiBTX terpolymers exhibit good solubility in the non-halogenated solvent <em>o</em>-xylene and high luminous efficiency. Moreover, the PiBTX terpolymers enable the modulation of multiple properties, including reduced HOMO energy levels, increased J-aggregation in both solution and film, and improved miscibility with the acceptor. Hence, the terpolymers PiBTX outperform D18 in o-xylene-processed OSCs. Notably, owing to efficient charge generation, transport, and extraction, leading to higher <em>J</em><sub><em>SC</em></sub> and FF, as well as the lower-lying HOMO energy level and potential Förster resonance energy transfer that reduce non-radiative recombination loss, the PiBT20 terpolymer achieves an impressive efficiency of 19.2 %, ranking among the highest for OSCs processed with green solvents. This work offers a robust strategy for designing efficient polymer donors that are compatible with green solvents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 110576"},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142820645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano EnergyPub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2024.110572
Shixia Lan , Yongyun Mao , Bingpu Zhou , Wanbiao Hu
{"title":"PEDOT-molecular bridging foam-hydrogel based wearable triboelectric nanogenerator for energy harvesting and sensing","authors":"Shixia Lan , Yongyun Mao , Bingpu Zhou , Wanbiao Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2024.110572","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2024.110572","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Conductive hydrogels, due to their adjustable flexibility and conductivity, present considerable advantages in tackling the bottleneck issues associated with electron transfer in wearable electronic devices. However, during the deformation process, achieving effective electron transfer between the hydrogel electrode and the adjacent frictional piezoresistive sensing layer, as well as effective transmission within the hydrogel electrode itself, remains a significant challenge. Herein, PEDOT molecular bridging is proposed to establish an efficient connection between hydrogel electrode and the adjacent layer. Polyacrylamide integrated with PEDOT interpenetrating network-based hydrogel (PPNM) is prepared as electrode through synergistic dual-crosslinking. A repetitive vacuum-assisted dip-coating technique is employed to modify TPU foam scaffolds with silver nanowire (AgNW) and PPNM, resulting in TPU@AgNW@PPNM foam (TAP) with a three-dimensional dual-conductive network as the adjacent frictional piezoresistive sensing layer. By tightly integrating TAP with PPNM, a mutual PEDOT-bridging between TAP and PPNM is established. Importantly, the interface remains intact and ensures stable electron transmission even under significant stretching and bending conditions. The piezoresistive sensor and triboelectric nanogenerator assembled based on TAP and PPNM exhibited an enhanced sensitivity of 27.8 kPa<sup>−1</sup> and an output power density of 3.1 mW m<sup>−2</sup>, respectively. This innovative solution effectively addresses the critical issue of electronic transfer between the electrode layer and the adjacent layer in wearable electronic devices, while also mitigating the problems related to the rigidity of electrodes that can impact the flexibility and comfort of wearable devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 110572"},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142804760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano EnergyPub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2024.110608
Chu-Ting Cui , Kai-Zheng Liu , Rui Wu , Rong-Rong Cai , Li-Zhi Zhang
{"title":"Effect of ultraviolet irradiation on contact electrification at liquid-solid interface","authors":"Chu-Ting Cui , Kai-Zheng Liu , Rui Wu , Rong-Rong Cai , Li-Zhi Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2024.110608","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2024.110608","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Liquid-solid triboelectric nanogenerator (L-S TENG) has demonstrated great potential in harvesting tiny mechanical energy from liquid. The saturated charge density of contact electrification (CE) at the liquid-solid interface is a key parameter to evaluate its performance. This study confirms that ultraviolet (UV) irradiation can enhance the saturated charge density of L-S CE, and the enhancement effect depends on the UV wavelength and intensity. The UV wavelengths that can further increase the saturated charge density of droplet -PTFE and droplet -FEP TENG are within 310–405 nm and 275–405 nm, respectively. In these wavelength ranges, high light intensity of UV irradiation favors L-S CE. The saturated charge density of FEP is up to −524 μC/m<sup>2</sup> under optimal irradiation conditions. A series of experiments are further conducted to explore the possible influences of UV irradiation on chemical change of solid surface, ionization of water, and so on. It is proposed that UV irradiation can excite electrons in water molecules to high-energy states and make them transfer to and be trapped by solid surface. Meanwhile, the electrons on the solid surface itself, as well as those that have been transferred to the solid surface, also can be excited under specific UV wavelength irradiation, resulting in charge dissipation at the L-S interface. Finally, the photo-excitation electron transfer theory is extended to quantitatively explain the influence mechanism of UV irradiation on L-S CE. This study not only contributes to further understanding of L-S CE, but also provide an effective technique to improve the performance of L-S TENG.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 110608"},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142849022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano EnergyPub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2024.110599
Wenbin Kang , Guosheng Ji , John E. Huber
{"title":"Corrigendum to “Mechanical energy harvesting: From piezoelectric effect to ferroelectric/ferroelastic switching” [Nano Energy 133 (2025) 110489]","authors":"Wenbin Kang , Guosheng Ji , John E. Huber","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2024.110599","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2024.110599","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 110599"},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142858057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano EnergyPub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2024.110586
Shengen Gong , Kaisheng Sun , Fang Yang , Shuangyu Wu , Yifan Wang , Runan Li , Xiaoteng Jia , Caiyun Wang , Danming Chao
{"title":"Doping of magnesium ions into polyaniline enables high-performance Zn-Mg alkaline batteries","authors":"Shengen Gong , Kaisheng Sun , Fang Yang , Shuangyu Wu , Yifan Wang , Runan Li , Xiaoteng Jia , Caiyun Wang , Danming Chao","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2024.110586","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2024.110586","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In contrast to the rapid development of zinc-based batteries with neutral electrolytes, rechargeable alkaline zinc batteries with higher theoretical capacity remain largely underexplored. Here, we report a novel high-performance rechargeable alkaline Zn-Mg battery utilizing an Mg-doped polyaniline cathode to facilitate reversible redox reactions. It leverages PANI's neutral doping mechanism to adsorb hydroxide anions, preventing the formation of insoluble magnesium hydroxide and facilitating efficient storage charge. This design allows the battery to retain 96.8 % of its capacity after 5000 cycles at a current density of 1.0 A g<sup>−1</sup>, with coulombic efficiency above 99.8 %. Theoretical calculations and experiments demonstrate that doping enhances conductivity and raises the discharge plateau by altering the LUMO energy level. Altering the cathode structure by doping Mg ions to increase energy density and control Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub> deposition is expected to advance the development of zinc batteries and inspire other high-performance aqueous energy storage systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 110586"},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142841547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano EnergyPub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2024.110533
Xiangning Li , Weiwei Wang , Xiaozhou Lü , Yunchao Wang , Nuanyang Cui , Bo Li , Ming Ding , Jinmei Liu , Zehua Guo , Long Gu
{"title":"Mitigating public hygiene anxiety in waste material applications: Development of an antibacterial and high performance triboelectric nanogenerator from recycled PET","authors":"Xiangning Li , Weiwei Wang , Xiaozhou Lü , Yunchao Wang , Nuanyang Cui , Bo Li , Ming Ding , Jinmei Liu , Zehua Guo , Long Gu","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2024.110533","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2024.110533","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of triboelectric nanogenerators using waste materials (WM-TENGs) has gained significant attention for advancing a low-carbon economy and enhancing renewable energy utilization. However, consumer concerns about hygiene and safety hinder their acceptance in human-related applications, particularly due to fears of residual bacteria on reused materials from previous users and the potential for new bacterial growth from new users. To address these concerns, we developed an antibacterial and high-performance triboelectric nanogenerator from waste PET materials (AW-TENG). By incorporating small antibacterial polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride (PHMG) molecules into the PET molecular chains, the resultant material, PET-PHMG, not only retains the excellent antibacterial properties of PHMG but also exhibits significantly enhanced triboelectric properties. The PET-PHMG nanofiber based AW-TENG achieved a maximum output voltage and current of 120.2 V and 2.9 μA, while demonstrating effective antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli. The corresponding charge density of 22.1 nC/cm² stands out as one of the highest among WM-TENGs. Given these attractive characteristics, the AW-TENG is well-suited for applications such as self-powered pressure sensors and fire alarm systems. This study highlights the advanced utilization of discarded PET-derived antibacterial material in TENG technology, which can effectively foster public confidence in the use of wasted materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 110533"},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142756378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano EnergyPub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2024.110566
Xiang Li , Lei Liu , Peng Huang , Bingjue Li , Youqiang Xing , Ze Wu
{"title":"A highly adaptable soft pipeline robot for climbing outside millimeter-sized pipelines","authors":"Xiang Li , Lei Liu , Peng Huang , Bingjue Li , Youqiang Xing , Ze Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2024.110566","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2024.110566","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High adaptability to pipelines with small sizes and low bending radius has been a significant problem to solve in pipeline robotics. Here, inspired by the physiological structure and movement mode of human arms, and designs a new type of rigid-flexible hybrid artificial muscle LCE-MXene-Spring (LMS), which exhibits highly integrated multiple degrees of freedom deformation (multi-directional bending, contraction, and elongation) and its excellent driving force. Unlike other LCE artificial muscles, LMS shows considerable driving force under multi-modal drive. LMS is used as a driver unit for pipeline robots, overcoming the problem of the inability to drive loads during liquid crystal elastomer (LCE) recovery. This is the first time that LCE has been introduced into the field of pipeline robots. The robot designed achieves horizontal and vertical climbing movements on a millimeter-sized pipe. Based on the collaborative control strategy of electricity and light, the robot's elongation unit undergoes asymmetric deformation when passing through bends, enabling it to pass through L-shaped pipes with ultra-low bending radii (19 mm), which is the lowest among reported soft pipeline robots. Moreover, it can climb pipes of different geometric shapes, surface media, and materials. The robot is loaded with a micro camera to complete image acquisition tasks while moving, demonstrating its application prospects in pipeline detection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 110566"},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142797324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano EnergyPub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2024.110544
Xi Huang , Gaolei Dong , Yangdong Zhang , Wei Xu , Yourong Wu , Chunlin Zhao , Xiao Wu , Min Gao , Tengfei Lin , Zhipeng Xing , Ze Xu , Bo Wu , Yanli Huang , Cong Lin
{"title":"Decoding the intrinsic frequency response behaviors of piezoelectric output current toward advanced sensing and monitoring applications","authors":"Xi Huang , Gaolei Dong , Yangdong Zhang , Wei Xu , Yourong Wu , Chunlin Zhao , Xiao Wu , Min Gao , Tengfei Lin , Zhipeng Xing , Ze Xu , Bo Wu , Yanli Huang , Cong Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2024.110544","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2024.110544","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Piezoelectric materials (PEMs) can convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. Substantial works were performed to optimize PEMs and devices for smart sensing, human monitoring, and medical applications, however, their electromechanical behaviors under such scenarios with different applied frequencies remain unclear. Here, the frequency response behaviors of piezoelectric output current are revealed based on lead-free and lead-based PEMs toward advanced applications. The results show a linear relationship between output current and frequency under short-circuit condition, with the slope varying according to loading force (<em>F</em>) and piezoelectric coefficient (<em>d</em><sub>33</sub>). However, when a load resistance (<em>R</em><sub>L</sub>) is applied, a nonlinear relationship is shown: the current increases with frequency, reaches a critical point, and subsequently levels off. The saturation current is influenced by <em>F</em>, <em>R</em><sub>L</sub>, <em>d</em><sub>33</sub>, and device capacitance (<em>C</em>), while the critical frequency is related to <em>R</em><sub>L</sub>, <em>C</em>, and action distance. This fundamental behavior of PEMs aligns with Maxwell's displacement current deducing and is well-supported by circuit simulations and physical modeling. The universality of these results is further confirmed through lead-based PEMs. Open-circuit voltage is unaffected by <em>f</em>, while load voltage exhibits the same nonlinear frequency response as load current. Applying these findings by combining machine learning, human posture monitoring and robot motion recognition were achieved. This work gives a deep understanding of intrinsic frequency response behaviors of electromechanical conversion in PEMs and guides the emerging piezoelectric sensing and monitoring applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 110544"},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142777130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano EnergyPub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2024.110515
Zhiyu Wang , Hang Zhang , Qing Wang
{"title":"Solvent-assisted thermogalvanic cell for enhanced low-grade heat harvesting over an extended temperature range","authors":"Zhiyu Wang , Hang Zhang , Qing Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2024.110515","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2024.110515","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the pursuit of sustainable energy harvesting from low-grade heat, thermogalvanic cells (TGCs) have received considerable attention, but still confront profound challenges in efficiency and cost-effectiveness, limiting their real-world applications. To expedite the deployment of TGCs, this study delves into the mechanistic interplay of three crucial determinants: intrinsic temperature coefficient, concentration gradient, and activity coefficient of redox couples, elucidating their impact on TGCs' thermoelectric performance. We report a solvent-assisted liquid-state thermogalvanic cell (SA-LTC) by incorporating organic solvents into the sodium ferrocyanide-based TGCs system. With ethanol as a regulator to the concentration gradient and solvation structure, the temperature coefficient of [Fe(CN)<sub>6</sub>]<sup>3-/4-</sup> can be enhanced from − 1.39 to − 4.32 mV K<sup>−1</sup>, leading to a five-fold increase in thermoelectric power and efficiency. Meanwhile, ethanol imparts a lower freezing point and wider working temperature range to the system, showing its better environmental adaptability. In particular, SA-LTC performs better at lower temperatures, at which it achieved a record-high temperature coefficient of − 5.26 mV K<sup>−1</sup> and a power density of 2.17 mW m<sup>−2</sup> K<sup>−2</sup> at 10–20 °C. This study not only provides useful guidance to the optimization of electrolyte design, but also highlights the potential of TGCs for sustainable energy conversion in varied thermal conditions for practical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 110515"},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142718910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}