Nano EnergyPub Date : 2025-01-21DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110682
Fengyi Yang, Pengye Zhang, Jiafu Qu, Yahui Cai, Xiaogang Yang, Chang Ming Li, Jundie Hu
{"title":"Covalent organic framework-immobilized enzymes: A robust engineered catalytic platform for diverse applications","authors":"Fengyi Yang, Pengye Zhang, Jiafu Qu, Yahui Cai, Xiaogang Yang, Chang Ming Li, Jundie Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110682","url":null,"abstract":"Enzymes, as natural catalysts, demonstrate high substrate specificity and catalytic efficiency, making them vital in energy storage, environmental remediation, and health. Consequently, researchers are increasingly focused on developing multifunctional platform that replicate the microenvironments of biological systems. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs)-immobilized enzymes offer a robust platform for catalytic applications due to their well-designed porous structures, molecular editing capabilities, coordinated environments, and excellent biocompatibility. This review offers a comprehensive overview of the robust engineered catalytic platform provided by COFs-immobilized enzymes for diverse catalytic applications. It discusses the advantages of COFs-encapsulated enzyme materials, various strategies for constructing COFs-embedded platforms, methods for functionalized enzyme encapsulation, and strategies for enhancing enzyme activity. Furthermore, it explores recent developments of these materials in diverse catalytic applications, including CO<sub>2</sub> conversion, H<sub>2</sub> production, biocatalysis, tumor therapy, environmental remediation, and organic synthesis reaction. Finally, it highlights the prospects and challenges of COFs-immobilized enzymes for reference.","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142992567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano EnergyPub Date : 2025-01-20DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110697
Wensong Diao, Xiaoli Wang, Wei Shi, Ying Cao, Genshuo Liu
{"title":"A tribo-piezoelectric coupled sensor for force and slip detection in soft grippers","authors":"Wensong Diao, Xiaoli Wang, Wei Shi, Ying Cao, Genshuo Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110697","url":null,"abstract":"Applying the minimum grasping force to hold fragile objects without slippage is a critical challenge for non-destructive and stable manipulation by soft grippers. Currently, force measurement in soft grippers is mainly based on resistive sensors, which suffer from lower sensitivity or limited linear range. Moreover, limited research has been conducted on slip detection and the minimum grasping force determination on the bending contact surface of soft grippers with contact-driven deformation.In this manuscript, a force and slip detection sensor (FSS) based on tribo-piezoelectric coupled nanogenerators (TPENG) is proposed to determine the minimum grasping force for objects through the slipping threshold in soft grippers. It is shown that in the bending operation state of the soft gripper, the tribo-piezoelectric coupling effect is enhanced by the flexoelectric, triboelectric effects and the piezoelectric effect with d<sub>33</sub> and d<sub>31</sub> modes, which can provide the FSS with 3.62 times higher sensitivity at a bending radius of 30<!-- --> <!-- -->mm compared with the flat state. Next, by optimizing the elastic modulus and dimensions of the Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) spacers in the FSS, the linear range of the FSS is improved, achieving a high sensitivity of 4.35<!-- --> <!-- -->V/N over a broad force range of 0–6<!-- --> <!-- -->N. Moreover, an algorithm is designed for the FSS to simultaneously recognize force and bending radius based on the relationship between the bending radius and the sensitivity of the FSS.Finally, the slipping threshold and the minimum grasping force are determined by monitoring the contact state between the FSS and the object. The results indicate that smaller object mass, reduced surface curvature radius, and grasping method using the finger pad lead to lower slipping threshold and minimum grasping force. The FSS will have good application prospects in the intelligent perception of the environment through soft grippers.","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142990823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lead-free GeTe Alloys with High Thermoelectric Performance for Low-grade Waste Heat Energy Harvesting","authors":"Haiqi Li, Chen Chen, Jinxuan Cheng, Yuanhang Xia, Shuang Lyu, Kejia Liu, Wenhua Xue, Dongyi Shen, Wenxuan Wang, Qian Zhang, Yue Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110690","url":null,"abstract":"Harvesting and utilization of low-grade waste heat dissipated from industries have garnered immense attention in recent years. Thermoelectric materials, which can directly convert heat into electricity, provide an eco-friendly solution for waste heat recovery. Recently, GeTe-based materials have developed as strong competitors to Bi<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>3</sub> near room temperature. Nonetheless, despite exhibiting comparable thermoelectric performance, the majority of these GeTe alloys incorporate toxic Pb, thus limiting the practical application. Herein, a boosted <em>zT</em> was achieved in Ge<sub>0.93</sub>Bi<sub>0.05</sub>Te over the entire temperature range by introducing Ge deficiency. Further AgSbTe<sub>2</sub> alloying leads to a remarkable increase in density-of-states effective mass and high weighted mobility. Thermally, the addition of AgSbTe<sub>2</sub> forms various phonon scattering centers including domain structures, dislocations, and phase boundaries, contributing to the low lattice thermal conductivity. As a result, a high average <em>zT</em> of 1.34 (323-573<!-- --> <!-- -->K) is obtained in the lead-free (Ge<sub>0.93</sub>Bi<sub>0.05</sub>Te)<sub>85</sub>(AgSbTe<sub>2</sub>)<sub>15</sub> material, and its maximum single-leg conversion efficiency reaches 8.6% at <span><math><mi is=\"true\" mathvariant=\"normal\">Δ</mi></math></span><em>T</em> = 273<!-- --> <!-- -->K. The outstanding thermoelectric performance and the lead-free characteristic presented in our study shed light on the potential of GeTe alloys for applications in recovering low-grade waste heat.","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142990762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano EnergyPub Date : 2025-01-20DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110689
Reddicherla Umapathi, Muruganantham Rethinasabapathy, Vijay Kakani, Hanseung Kim, Yonghyeon Park, Hyung Kyo Kim, Gokana Mohana Rani, Hakil Kim, Yun Suk Huh
{"title":"Hexagonal boron nitride composite film based triboelectric nanogenerator for energy harvesting and machine learning assisted handwriting recognition","authors":"Reddicherla Umapathi, Muruganantham Rethinasabapathy, Vijay Kakani, Hanseung Kim, Yonghyeon Park, Hyung Kyo Kim, Gokana Mohana Rani, Hakil Kim, Yun Suk Huh","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110689","url":null,"abstract":"Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are mechanical energy harvesting systems with unique characteristics. Subsequently, TENGs have recently been the subject of pivotal research. Comparatively, handwriting sensing and recognition are vital for fabricating future-generation biometric technologies. However, most current handwriting recognition systems lack machine learning and self-powered sensing capabilities, crucial for developing intelligent systems. Herein, we report on the fabrication of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) negative friction film with pore features and doped with 2D hexagonal boron nitride (100% h-BN) and defective h-BN (50%) as efficient dielectrics for improving the electrical behavior of TENGs. A simple, scalable, and facile approach has been employed to create pores in the triboelectric film. The TENG exhibited an optimized voltage of 198.6<!-- --> <!-- -->V and current of 13.5 μA and attained a power density of 7.86<!-- --> <!-- -->W/m<sup>2</sup> at 40 MΩ. Further, creating pores on the composite film increased the surface roughness and energy-harvesting performance of the device. The TENG sensor was applied to recognize the handwriting of letters written in English by three volunteers, and the decision tree and gradient-boosting machine learning algorithms were used. The results suggest that the fabricated TENG demonstrated a substantial power source for powering portable electronics, showing significant application potential in personal handwriting sensing and machine learning assisted handwriting recognition.","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"102 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142990821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano EnergyPub Date : 2025-01-20DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110685
Qiaolian Wang, Honglin Si, Aleksandr Sergee, Jia Li, Zikang Li, Yang Wang, Teng Long, Kam-Sing Wong, Linli Xu, Zhenhui Kang, Wai-Yeung Wong
{"title":"Synergy of Amino and Mercury(II) Ions Enables Metallated Graphyne with Controlled Charge Migration for Dual H2O2 Photoproduction in Pure Water","authors":"Qiaolian Wang, Honglin Si, Aleksandr Sergee, Jia Li, Zikang Li, Yang Wang, Teng Long, Kam-Sing Wong, Linli Xu, Zhenhui Kang, Wai-Yeung Wong","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110685","url":null,"abstract":"Visible-light-driven overall hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) photosynthesis is a promising strategy for sustainable production of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. However, it is still limited to the design of robust photocatalysts with controlled charge transfer both in photogenerated carrier relaxation and charge separation processes to achieve efficient dual-channel H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> photogeneration. Herein, a novel photocatalyst of aminated mercurated graphyne (NH<sub>2</sub>-Hg-GY) is designed which achieves an overall visible light-driven co-catalyst-free photogeneration of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> with a yield of 2112.6 μmol h<sup>−1</sup> g<sup>−1</sup> in a saturated O<sub>2</sub> atmosphere. Experimental and theoretical analysis revealed that NH<sub>2</sub>-Hg-GY can effectively promote the absorbance of photons and generate long-lived photoinduced charges, which are eventually transferred to the surface defect states through a dual-channel carrier migration process and achieve a dual-channel pathway for H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> photogeneration integrating the two-electron oxygen reduction reaction on the benzene ring and the two-hole water oxidation reaction on the alkynyl group in NH<sub>2</sub>-Hg-GY. Particularly, the synergy of the <em>sp</em><sup><em>x</em></sup><em>-p</em><sub><em>π</em></sub> conjugation between the amino group and benzene and the <em>d</em><sub><em>π</em></sub><em>-p</em><sub><em>π</em></sub> conjugation between Hg(II) ion and ethynyl unit within NH<sub>2</sub>-Hg-GY alters the electronic structures of mercurated graphyne, which realize controllable carrier migration and efficient charge separation, thus achieving a superior overall H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> photogeneration.","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142990820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Double-anchored dipole buried interface enabling high-performance perovskite solar cells","authors":"Lina Tan, Chunyan Deng, Jihuai Wu, Weichun Pan, Yuqian Yang, Xia Chen, Liuxue Sun, Weihai Sun, Zhang Lan, Jianming Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110681","url":null,"abstract":"A robust buried interface between electron transport layer (ETL) and perovskite active layer (PVK) is essential for achieving high-performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Energy level mismatches and poor interfacial contact hinder both efficiency and stability. In this study, we introduce 6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine-3-amidine hydrochloride (TFPCl) to establish a dipole interface. The introduction of TFPCl not only optimizes the energy levels through its dipole characteristics, facilitating the extraction and transportation of carriers, but also reinforces the interfacial contact between ETL and PVK through dual anchoring, thereby enhancing stability. The improved perovskite quality and effective passivation of defects in SnO<sub>2</sub> and perovskite optimized the device's photovoltaic performance. Consequently, the TFPCl-modulated PSC achieves a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.10% and demonstrates environmental storage stability of 1500<!-- --> <!-- -->h. This study demonstrates a simple yet effective approach for enhancing the photovoltaic performance and stability of PSCs by introducing a dipole molecule into the ETL/PVK buried interface.","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142990824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano EnergyPub Date : 2025-01-20DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110691
Jian Yu, Bozhao Xiao, Jianlong Qiu, Yuanbin Tang, Yanjie Guo, Lei Yang, Naipeng Li, Kai Jiang
{"title":"Artificial intelligence-enabled smart monitoring of vancomycin concentration using a droplet-driven triboelectric nanogenerator","authors":"Jian Yu, Bozhao Xiao, Jianlong Qiu, Yuanbin Tang, Yanjie Guo, Lei Yang, Naipeng Li, Kai Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110691","url":null,"abstract":"Vancomycin is indispensable in modern medicine for treating serious Gram-positive infections, especially those that are resistant to other antibiotics. Meanwhile, monitoring of vancomycin concentration is necessary for assessing patients’ condition. It is urgent to develop a biosensor with rapid response and reliability. In this study, we introduce a droplet-driven triboelectric nanogenerator (DD-TENG) as a self-powered sensor for detecting vancomycin concentration. Texture and fluorination strategy was adopted to optimize the performance of DD-TENG. The triboelectric signals decreased with the increase of vancomycin concentration in droplets and reversed when the concentration exceeded a certain concentration, due to the change of triboelectrification between droplets and triboelectric material. Moreover, a deep learning model was applied to recognize different vancomycin concentrations and achieve high accuracies. In the application, DD-TENG was integrated into medical droppers to monitor vancomycin concentration. Furthermore, DD-TENG also shows great potential in detection of vancomycin concentration in human serum. This research introduces a compelling approach for intelligent detection within medical systems.","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142990306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mg-Evaporation Induced Amorphous Multi-Principal Element Alloys for Advanced Oxygen Evolution Reaction","authors":"Jianghong Zhang, Yu Lu, Mingzhen Xiu, Jiuyang Xia, Hamzah Kamaruddin, Yu Liang, Ke Li, Kang Huang, Bowei Zhang, Bowen Huang, Junsheng Wu, Yizhong Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110686","url":null,"abstract":"Multi-principal element alloys (MPEAs) have been recognized as emerged electrocatalysts that facilitate the high efficiency for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). With the noble metals free, they are cost-effective and a potential candidate to replace the traditional RuO<sub>2</sub> and IrO<sub>2</sub>. The catalysis can be further improved through the construction of their lattice structures. This study proposes an innovative approach which makes use of pulsed laser irradiation to synthesize nano-sized amorphous MPEA particles. The low-boiling-point element Mg is incorporated with Fe, Co and Ni to synthesize MPEAs (FeCoNi)<sub>1-x</sub>Mg<sub>x</sub> (x=0.05, 0.15, 0.25, 0.35). The high thermal temperature generated during the interaction between the laser beam and MPEAs gives rise to the evaporation of Mg leading to the amorphization. The increase of Mg content intensifies the amorphization extent. (FeCoNi)<sub>0.65</sub>Mg<sub>0.35</sub> achieves a lower overpotential (256<!-- --> <!-- -->mV@10<!-- --> <!-- -->mA/cm<sup>2</sup>) for OER compared to the crystal counterparts and demonstrates long-term catalytic stability. Theoretical calculations reveal that amorphization strengthens OOH* adsorption energy due to improved charge transfer. This research provides insights into novel synthesis strategies and the catalytic mechanisms of amorphous alloys.","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142990819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano EnergyPub Date : 2025-01-20DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110687
Van Huy Nguyen, Minwook Kim, Muhammad Suleman, Naila Nasir, Hyun Min Park, Sohee Lee, Ehsan Elahi, Hwayong Noh, Sunil Kumar, Yongho Seo
{"title":"Thermal Noise Rectification with Graphene","authors":"Van Huy Nguyen, Minwook Kim, Muhammad Suleman, Naila Nasir, Hyun Min Park, Sohee Lee, Ehsan Elahi, Hwayong Noh, Sunil Kumar, Yongho Seo","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110687","url":null,"abstract":"Thermal noise is an inherent and unavoidable phenomenon present in all electronic devices and communication systems. It arises from the random thermal motion of electrons in a conductor, causing signal degradation, reduced sensitivity, and bandwidth limitations. Here, we report on thermal noise rectification using a graphene ballistic diode based on the Tesla valve structure, enabling energy harvesting according to its fundamental principle. With input from a resistor, the device can produce up to a few microvolts, which is significant for nanoelectronic devices. The generated voltage increases proportionally with the input resistors, consistent with Nyquist's theory. This study shows promising directions for creating zero-energy devices, which will operate without batteries.","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142990763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano EnergyPub Date : 2025-01-20DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110692
Lixin Bai, Juan Chen, Yi Zhang, Zheng Yi, Yuansen Xie, Maowen Xu, Yuruo Qi
{"title":"Oxygen-bridging and air-etching: advanced pore-regulation engineering in hard carbons for optimized low-voltage plateau capacity","authors":"Lixin Bai, Juan Chen, Yi Zhang, Zheng Yi, Yuansen Xie, Maowen Xu, Yuruo Qi","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110692","url":null,"abstract":"The intrinsic sodium storage performance of hard carbons is fundamentally governed by its structure attributes, which are primarily shaped by the precursor material. Therefore, a direct manipulation of precursors at the molecular level offers considerable flexibility in engineering hard carbon architectures. This study introduces a straightforward and effective pre-carbonization approach to modulate the molecular configuration and functional groups within celluloses, employing both oxygen-bridging and air-etching to stimulate the development of closed pores during carbonization. These closed pores not only facilitate the transport of sodium ions but also serve as active sites for sodium storage, resulting in a hard carbon with an impressive specific capacity of 421.1<!-- --> <!-- -->mA<!-- --> <!-- -->h g<sup>-1</sup> and a substantial low-voltage plateau capacity of 312.8<!-- --> <!-- -->mA<!-- --> <!-- -->h g<sup>-1</sup>. Extensive research has elucidated the formation mechanism of closed pores as well as its correlation with low-voltage plateau capacity, which will greatly forward the rational design of high-performance hard carbon anodes for next-generation sodium ion batteries.","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142990761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}