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A Dual-Responsive Fe₃O₄@ZIF-8 Nanoplatform Combining Magnetic Targeting and pH Sensitivity for Low Back Pain Therapy

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202410874

Hao Li, Zhihao Zhang, Dingding Zhu, Huiyuan Zheng, Zhongze Zhu, Nana Shen, Zhu Guo, Xiaolin Wu, Xiaoying Qi, Qiang Li, Qingming Ma, Hongfei Xiang

{"title":"A Dual-Responsive Fe₃O₄@ZIF-8 Nanoplatform Combining Magnetic Targeting and pH Sensitivity for Low Back Pain Therapy","authors":"Hao Li, Zhihao Zhang, Dingding Zhu, Huiyuan Zheng, Zhongze Zhu, Nana Shen, Zhu Guo, Xiaolin Wu, Xiaoying Qi, Qiang Li, Qingming Ma, Hongfei Xiang","doi":"10.1002/smll.202410874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202410874","url":null,"abstract":"Low back pain (LBP) resulting from sciatic nerve compression presents major challenges in pain management, as traditional therapies provide only short-term relief and pose risks of systemic toxicity. In this study, an innovative Fe3O4@ZIF-8-RVC (FZR) dual-responsive nanoplatform is introduced that integrates magnetic targeting with pH-sensitive, sustained drug release to overcome these limitations. The FZR nanoplatform encapsulates ropivacaine (RVC) within the ZIF-8-coated Fe3O4 core, enabling precise and prolonged analgesia at the injury site through magnetic guidance and acid-triggered release. In vitro and in vivo assessments indicate that FZR achieves high drug loading, sustained release in acidic environments, and excellent biocompatibility, significantly extending analgesic effects in chronic nerve injury models while minimizing systemic exposure. Behavioral tests and molecular analyses in LBP rat models confirm that FZR effectively suppresses pain-related neuronal activity and central sensitization markers. This dual-responsive nanoplatform FZR offers a safe, long-lasting, and targeted therapeutic approach, holding strong potential for advancing pain relief in LBP and related neuropathic pain conditions.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Self-Assembly of H2S-Generating Photosensitizer for Gas-Assisted Synergistic Photothermal Therapy

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202411242

Hao Kong, Ying Tang, Xiaoying Hao, Wenbi Feng, Wanyan Jiang, Xueluer Mu, Xue Jing, Yingxi Lu, Xianfeng Zhou

{"title":"Self-Assembly of H2S-Generating Photosensitizer for Gas-Assisted Synergistic Photothermal Therapy","authors":"Hao Kong, Ying Tang, Xiaoying Hao, Wenbi Feng, Wanyan Jiang, Xueluer Mu, Xue Jing, Yingxi Lu, Xianfeng Zhou","doi":"10.1002/smll.202411242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202411242","url":null,"abstract":"Photothermal therapy (PTT) is emerging as a promising cancer treatment, but uneven heat distribution increases side effects and reduces treatment precision, where high-temperature zones risk inducing undesired inflammation, while low-temperature regions are insufficient due to upregulation of heat shock proteins (HSPs). Herein, a gas-assisted PTT strategy is designed to link near-infrared heptamethine cyanine (Cy7) with self-immolative phenyl thiocarbonate (PTC), a hydrogen sulfide (H2S) donor through a disulfide bond, creating a small-molecule photosensitizer (Cy7-SS-PTC) that can self-assemble into nanoparticles (NPs) without stabilizers. Upon internalized by cancer cells, Cy7-SS-PTC NPs respond to elevated glutathione levels, and simultaneously release Cy7 and H2S via a cascade reaction. The released Cy7 reassembles into nanoaggregates, generating hyperthermia under 808 nm light irradiation, and then binds to albumin, producing strong near-infrared fluorescence to track tumors for precise treatment. The released H2S not only disrupts the mitochondrial respiratory chain, blocks ATP production, and suppresses HSP70 overexpression to amplify the efficacy of low-temperature PTT regions but also curbs proinflammatory cytokines in high-temperature PTT zones, delivering powerful tumor ablation with minimal inflammation. This small-molecule-based “H2S-assisted PTT” strategy optimizes the current PTT and validates its potential clinical application.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"80 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design and Modification of Layered Double Hydroxides-Based Compounds in Electrocatalytic Water Splitting: a Review

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202412576

Mingyang Li, Dandan Ma, Xiangbo Feng, Chuanqi Zhi, Yufei Jia, Jinfan Zhang, Yi Zhang, Yu Chen, Le Shi, Jian-Wen Shi

{"title":"Design and Modification of Layered Double Hydroxides-Based Compounds in Electrocatalytic Water Splitting: a Review","authors":"Mingyang Li, Dandan Ma, Xiangbo Feng, Chuanqi Zhi, Yufei Jia, Jinfan Zhang, Yi Zhang, Yu Chen, Le Shi, Jian-Wen Shi","doi":"10.1002/smll.202412576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202412576","url":null,"abstract":"Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) exhibit great potential in electrocatalytic water splitting due to the unique 2D feature and an adjustable structure composed of different metal centers. In addition, LDHs have the advantage of being inherently inexpensive compared to other catalysts and have good stability in electrocatalytic water splitting. Up to now, numerous methods have been put forward to improve the activity of LDHs in electrocatalytic water splitting, a comprehensive introduction and comb to the fabrication methods and modification strategies is helpful for the followers to get a clear vein to carry out efficient manipulation to the development of high promising LDHs catalysts. In this review, the basic principles of water electrolysis, and the evaluation indexes are introduced first, and then the basic properties and commonly utilized methods in the fabrication of LDHs are introduced. After that, the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), and overall water splitting (OWS) performance of different LDHs-based catalysts and analyze the merits and shortcomings of LDHs in electrocatalytic water splitting is compared. Based on this, the advanced strategies for improving the performance of LDHs is introduced and give a brief prospect for the development of LDHs-based materials in electrocatalysis.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bioinspired Cerium Nanozyme Microenvironment Regulation for Efficient Dephosphorylation and Detection of Organophosphorus Pesticides

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202411212

Chaoran Liu, Xuetong Cao, Xinyu Ma, Yinchuan Wang, Meng Zhang, Jianfeng Qiu, Jinxing Chen, Hongjin Xue

{"title":"Bioinspired Cerium Nanozyme Microenvironment Regulation for Efficient Dephosphorylation and Detection of Organophosphorus Pesticides","authors":"Chaoran Liu, Xuetong Cao, Xinyu Ma, Yinchuan Wang, Meng Zhang, Jianfeng Qiu, Jinxing Chen, Hongjin Xue","doi":"10.1002/smll.202411212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202411212","url":null,"abstract":"Mimicking the structure of natural enzyme active sites offers a promising strategy for the rational design of nanozymes. However, this biomimetic approach predominantly focuses on replicating the configuration of the metal active center in natural enzymes, often overlooking the critical influence of the catalytic site's microenvironment. Here, inspired by the active center and coordination microenvironment of natural organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH), Ce2O2CN2/NC, a novel cerium-based nanozyme is first reported to mimic OPH. In Ce2O2CN2/NC, Ce species serve as active sites, while the adjacent N site ([N═C═N]2−) functions as a general base, mimicking histidine in natural enzymes to facilitate the hydrolysis process. Using paraoxon as a model target, Ce2O2CN2/NC demonstrates rapid dephosphorylation of phosphotriester across a wide range of temperatures and pH values, significantly outperforming natural OPH and CeO2 nanoparticles. The systematic experiments and theoretical calculations reveal the underlying mechanisms responsible for the enhanced OPH-mimicking performance. Capitalizing on its phosphatase-like activity, Ce2O2CN2/NC nanozyme is successfully employed to develop a colorimetric biosensor for the rapid and selective detection of organophosphorus pesticides. This study holds great promise in developing efficient nanozymes and broadens the range of Ce-based nanozymes.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

"Bifunctional Strontium-Iron Doped Neodymium Cobaltite: A Promising Electrocatalyst for Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells and CO2 Electrolyzer"

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202408963

Subhrajyoti Ghosh, Biraj Kumar Kakati, Gaurav Jhaa, Tulsi Satyavir Dabodiya, Suddhasatwa Basu

{"title":"\"Bifunctional Strontium-Iron Doped Neodymium Cobaltite: A Promising Electrocatalyst for Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells and CO2 Electrolyzer\"","authors":"Subhrajyoti Ghosh, Biraj Kumar Kakati, Gaurav Jhaa, Tulsi Satyavir Dabodiya, Suddhasatwa Basu","doi":"10.1002/smll.202408963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202408963","url":null,"abstract":"A novel intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell cathode, Nd₀.₆₇Sr₀.₃₃Co₀.₈Fe₀.₂O₃-δ (NSCF), synthesized via auto-combustion, exhibits exceptional mixed ionic-electronic conducting properties with a cubic perovskite structure. At 800 °C, NSCF demonstrates high electrical (1003 S cm−1) and ionic (1.676 × 10⁻2 S cm−1) conductivities, with activation energies of 0.0335 and 0.481 eV, respectively. Electronic analysis confirms its metallic nature, while the calculated oxygen migration energy (0.455 eV) correlates with experimental ionic conduction activation energy. The negative bulk oxygen vacancy formation energy (−38.70 kcal mol−1) indicates efficient oxygen reduction reaction and CO₂ electrolysis kinetics. Electrical conductivity relaxation shows non-debye behavior, with Dchem of 5 × 10⁻⁴ cm2 s−1 and Kex of 6.450 × 10⁻⁴ cm −1s at 800 °C. NSCF exhibits low interfacial polarization resistance (0.05 Ω cm2) and area-specific resistance (0.025 Ω cm2), further reducing to 0.014 Ω cm2 with an NSCF-GDC Gadolinium doped ceria interlayer. An anode-supported cell achieves peak power densities of 2.27, 1.52, and 0.86 W cm−2 at 800, 750, and 700 °C, respectively. In SOEC mode, NSCF demonstrates excellent CO₂ reduction capability of constant current density of −1.1 A cm−2 with stable 55-h performance, which establishes its potential both as IT-SOFC cathode and CO2 electrolysis catalysts.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Surface Stabilization to Enhance Single Molecule Toroidal Behavior in {Dy3} Molecules: the Impact of Au(111), MgO, and Graphene Surfaces

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202412283

Deepanshu Chauhan, Rupesh Kumar Tiwari, Gopalan Rajaraman

{"title":"Surface Stabilization to Enhance Single Molecule Toroidal Behavior in {Dy3} Molecules: the Impact of Au(111), MgO, and Graphene Surfaces","authors":"Deepanshu Chauhan, Rupesh Kumar Tiwari, Gopalan Rajaraman","doi":"10.1002/smll.202412283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202412283","url":null,"abstract":"Single-molecule toroids (SMTs), with vortex-like magnetic anisotropy axes, hold promise for quantum technologies, but controlling their toroidal states on the surface remains challenging. To address this, the SMT behavior of [Dy3(µ3-OH)2L3Cl(H2O)5]Cl3 (where L = ortho-vanillin) grafted onto Au(111), MgO has been studied, and graphene surfaces in pristine form (1) and with pyrene (2) and (CH2)8S (3) linkers, using periodic density functional theory and ab initio CASSCF/RASSI-SO methods. Both pristine and chemically functionalized molecules are stable on Au(111) and graphene surfaces; however, functionalization provides higher binding energies and, in some cases, enhances the SMT properties. The MgO surface, however, is found to be unsuitable as it abstracts an H atom from the molecule, leading to the loss of its SMT characteristics. The energy gap (ΔE) between the toroidal (nonmagnetic) and spin-flip (magnetic) states in complex 1 on Au(111) and graphene surfaces are 6.9 and 6.6 cm−1, respectively. Complexes 2 on Au(111) and 3 on graphene exhibit ΔE and toroidal blocking fields of 9.8 cm−1/1.2 T and 6.8 cm−1/0.83 T, respectively, representing the highest recorded values for this class of SMTs. These findings demonstrate the potential of surface stabilization to improve the functionality and applicability of SMTs in advanced quantum technologies.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advanced Poly (Ether Ether Ketone) Separator for Lithium Metal Battery

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202411626

Xingyan Zeng, Yi Chen, Hui Nie, Yufei Yang, Jie Chen, Huijie Pei, Xuyang Wang, Yanchao Yang, Jinhui Pang, Xingping Zhou, Guibin Wang, Xiaolin Xie

{"title":"Advanced Poly (Ether Ether Ketone) Separator for Lithium Metal Battery","authors":"Xingyan Zeng, Yi Chen, Hui Nie, Yufei Yang, Jie Chen, Huijie Pei, Xuyang Wang, Yanchao Yang, Jinhui Pang, Xingping Zhou, Guibin Wang, Xiaolin Xie","doi":"10.1002/smll.202411626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202411626","url":null,"abstract":"The development of high-performance separators is urgently needed to improve the safety and electrochemical performance of high-energy-density lithium metal batteries (LMB). Poly (ether ether ketone) (PEEK) is an ideal separator candidate due to its high chemical resistance and excellent thermal stability. However, the processing of PEEK for separators with proper porous structure is rather challenging. Beyond the conventional sulfonation process of PEEK, here, a reversible chemical modification strategy is exploited to fabricate heat-resistant PEEK separators with sophisticated hierarchical pore architecture. The lyophilic PEEK separators including dense surface layers, middle layers with horizontally aligned pore arrays, and honeycomb-structured bottom layers enable fast ion transport and uniform Li+ flux, realizing dendrite-free characteristics during the lithium deposition process. Hence, the PEEK separator assembled LiFePO4||Li battery delivers a remarkable capacity of 103.6 mAh·g−1 after 1000 cycles at 3 C, and offers more than two times longer cycle life than that of other PEEK-based separators. Even at 70 °C, a high capacity retention rate of 84.2% is achieved after 200 cycles, ensuring battery safety in high-temperature environments. Different from the commonly used surface modification strategy for functional separators, the approach reported herein exhibits a fundamental advance in separator manufacturing for future high-safety LMBs.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Electron Density Engineering at the Bond Critical Points in Solvation Sheath of Sodium Ions for High-Rate Hard Carbon in Ether-Based Electrolyte

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202411531

Wannian Zhang, Ying Luo, Xingyu Li, Liying Liu, Xiaoyang Zhao, Xi Ke, Ruijie Xu, Caihong Lei

{"title":"Electron Density Engineering at the Bond Critical Points in Solvation Sheath of Sodium Ions for High-Rate Hard Carbon in Ether-Based Electrolyte","authors":"Wannian Zhang, Ying Luo, Xingyu Li, Liying Liu, Xiaoyang Zhao, Xi Ke, Ruijie Xu, Caihong Lei","doi":"10.1002/smll.202411531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202411531","url":null,"abstract":"Rationally designing the electrolyte system toward improving the electrochemical performance, especially the rate capability, of sodium ion batteries (SIBs) is very important for accelerating their large-scale commercialization. Herein, it is shown that by refining the molar ratio of two ether solvents, namely dimethoxyethane (DME) and 2-methyl tetrahydrofuran (MeTHF), a binary solvent electrolyte system forms a sodium ion solvation structure that facilitates high rate charge/discharge of hard carbon (HC) electrodes. It is demonstrated that the boosted rate capability can be attributed to the enhanced sodium ion transportation and desolvation kinetics, resulting from the participation of weak-coordinating MeTHF molecule with low steric hindrance in the sodium ion solvation sheath, which weakens the interaction between sodium ion and solvent molecules/anions through electron density regulation at the bond critical points (BCPs). The thin and uniform solid electrolyte interphase film on HC electrodes formed in such an ether-based electrolyte is also beneficial for improving the rate performance and cycling stability. The results of the present study shed more light on how the electron density engineering at the BCPs in sodium ion solvation sheath affects the rate capability of HC electrodes and promote its practical application prospect in future sodium-based battery chemistries.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Engineering Electron Lifetime for High-Performance Heterostructured 1D CdS Photocatalyst

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202412588

Yan-Ting Liu, Ming−Yu Ma, Xiang-Ze Cheng, Xin Zhou, Yu-Qing Wang, Jinn-Kye Lee, Zhengyang Zhang, Ming-Yen Lu, Zheng Liu, Lih-Juann Chen

{"title":"Engineering Electron Lifetime for High-Performance Heterostructured 1D CdS Photocatalyst","authors":"Yan-Ting Liu, Ming−Yu Ma, Xiang-Ze Cheng, Xin Zhou, Yu-Qing Wang, Jinn-Kye Lee, Zhengyang Zhang, Ming-Yen Lu, Zheng Liu, Lih-Juann Chen","doi":"10.1002/smll.202412588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202412588","url":null,"abstract":"The development of high-performance photocatalysts is essential for advancing sustainable hydrogen production. In the present work, an innovative approach to electron lifetime engineering aimed at enhancing the photocatalytic performance of 1D CdS nanowires by strategically incorporating Ni and titanium nitride (TiN) layers. It demonstrates the electron lifetime mechanism of 1D photocatalyst can be optimized through the introduction of uneven surface and heterojunction. The lifetime of electrons is influenced by the interplay between geometry and electronic structure, directly correlating with photocatalytic efficiency in an exponential decay pattern. Time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) measurements provide detailed insights into recombination events and non-radiative properties. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy (UPS) analyses reveal that the prolonged electron lifetime in CdS/Ni/TiN photocatalysts is attributed to the combination of the uneven surface and the passivation of surface energy state on CdS. The single-molecule surface catalytic sites are also observed from super-resolution fluorescence imaging. This perspective first illustrates an integrated discussion on hydrogen production, optical properties, electronic structure, and surface-active sites. The optimal heterostructured CdS achieves a 20.55-fold improvement in hydrogen production. Electron lifetime engineering offers a promising pathway in high-performance 1D photocatalysts for hydrogen production and other energy conversion applications.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Double-Gradient All-Organic Dielectric Polymer Film Achieving Superior Breakdown Strength and Energy Density

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202411304

Yang Liu, Guo Tian, Yue Sun, Shenglong Wang, Longchao Huang, Xuelan Li, Tianpei Xu, Long Jin, Yulin Zou, Weili Deng, Weiqing Yang

{"title":"A Double-Gradient All-Organic Dielectric Polymer Film Achieving Superior Breakdown Strength and Energy Density","authors":"Yang Liu, Guo Tian, Yue Sun, Shenglong Wang, Longchao Huang, Xuelan Li, Tianpei Xu, Long Jin, Yulin Zou, Weili Deng, Weiqing Yang","doi":"10.1002/smll.202411304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202411304","url":null,"abstract":"Ferroelectric polymers have drawn tremendous attention in film capacitors owing to their high permittivity and ease of processing. Nevertheless, the energy density of such materials is severely constrained due to inferior breakdown strength. To address this dilemma, a double-gradient multilayered all-organic dielectric composite film is proposed, fabricated via a simple layer-by-layer solution-casting process. The experimental results demonstrate that the composite film significantly suppresses the leakage current compared to the pristine films, resulting in remarkable enhancement of the insulation properties. The finite element simulation results further reveal that the optimized electric field distribution induced by the gradient structure and the carrier traps at the interfaces between the adjacent layers play a crucial role in impeding the propagation of the breakdown path. As a result, the developed dielectric film reaches an unexpected breakdown strength of 712 MV m−1 along with a high energy density of 19.68 J cm−3, surpassing the bench-mark biaxially oriented polypropylene as well as the existing ferroelectric-based composites reported in the recent works. The synergy of gradient and multilayered structure presented in this work offers a novel perspective and approach for the scalable fabrication of dielectric films with eminent capacitive performance.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0