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Synergistically Engineered All Van der Waals GaS–WSe2 Photodiodes: Approaching Near-Unity Polychromatic Linearity for Multifunctional Optoelectronics

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202410841

Tawsif Ibne Alam, Sumaiya Umme Hani, Zongliang Guo, Safayet Ahmed, Ahmed Mortuza Saleque, Md. Nahian Al Subri Ivan, Shuvra Saha, Yuen Hong Tsang

{"title":"Synergistically Engineered All Van der Waals GaS–WSe2 Photodiodes: Approaching Near-Unity Polychromatic Linearity for Multifunctional Optoelectronics","authors":"Tawsif Ibne Alam, Sumaiya Umme Hani, Zongliang Guo, Safayet Ahmed, Ahmed Mortuza Saleque, Md. Nahian Al Subri Ivan, Shuvra Saha, Yuen Hong Tsang","doi":"10.1002/smll.202410841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202410841","url":null,"abstract":"Van der Waals (vdW) heterojunctions represent a significant frontier in post-Moore era optoelectronics, especially in optimizing photosensor performance through multivariate approaches. Here synergistic engineering of GaS–WSe2 all-vdW photodiodes is investigated, which exhibit broadband detection (275–1064 nm), multispectral unity approaching linearity, alongside a substantial linear dynamic range (LDR) of 106.78 dB. Additionally, the photodiodes achieve a remarkable on/off ratio of 105 and rapid response edges of 545/471 µs under a 405 nm pulsed source, exhibiting ultralow light detection capabilities (dark currents ∼fA), culminating in a peak responsivity of 376.78 mA W−1 and a detectivity of 4.12 × 10¹¹ Jones under 450 nm illumination, complemented by an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 30% and a fill factor of ≈0.33. Based on the analysis of multiple all-vdW devices, the importance of Fermi-level pinning free metal–2D interface engineering that enables effective modulation of the Schottky barrier height via vdW metal contacts is highlighted and meticulous thickness-engineered layers in developing a robust depletion region within the type-II GaS–WSe2 heterojunction are employed, ultimately achieving a favorable balance among photocarrier generation recombination, separation, transport, and extraction. This comprehensive investigation sets the stage for future developments in critically engineered next-generation vdW optoelectronic devices.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143678320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Designing Advanced Electrolytes for High-Voltage High-Capacity Disordered Rocksalt Cathodes

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202501600

Ridwan A. Ahmed, Rohith Srinivaas Mohanakrishnan, Jingyang Wang, Krishna P. Koirala, Qian Zhao, Yanbao Fu, Ying Chen, Justin C. Rastinejad, Tianyu Li, Lirong Zhong, Mateusz Zuba, Carrie Siu, Ozgenur Kahvecioglu, Raphaële J. Clément, Bryan D. McCloskey, Vincent S. Battaglia, Kristin Persson, Chongmin Wang, Wu Xu

{"title":"Designing Advanced Electrolytes for High-Voltage High-Capacity Disordered Rocksalt Cathodes","authors":"Ridwan A. Ahmed, Rohith Srinivaas Mohanakrishnan, Jingyang Wang, Krishna P. Koirala, Qian Zhao, Yanbao Fu, Ying Chen, Justin C. Rastinejad, Tianyu Li, Lirong Zhong, Mateusz Zuba, Carrie Siu, Ozgenur Kahvecioglu, Raphaële J. Clément, Bryan D. McCloskey, Vincent S. Battaglia, Kristin Persson, Chongmin Wang, Wu Xu","doi":"10.1002/smll.202501600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202501600","url":null,"abstract":"Lithium (Li)-excess transition metal oxide materials which crystallize in the cation-disordered rock salt (DRX) structure are promising cathodes for realizing low-cost, high-energy-density Li batteries. However, the state-of-the-art electrolytes for Li-ion batteries cannot meet the high-voltage stability requirement for high-voltage DRX cathodes, thus new electrolytes are urgently demanded. It has been reported that the solvation structures and properties of the electrolytes critically influence the performance and stability of the batteries. In this study, the structure–property relationships of various electrolytes with different solvent-to-diluent ratios are systematically investigated through a combination of theoretical calculations and experimental tests and analyses. This approach guides the development of electrolytes with unique solvation structures and characteristics, exhibiting high voltage stability, and enhancing the formation of stable electrode/electrolyte interphases. These electrolytes enable the realization of Li||Li1.094Mn0.676Ti0.228O2 (LMTO) DRX cells with improved performance compared to the conventional electrolyte. Specifically, Li||LMTO cells with the optimized advanced controlled-solvation electrolyte deliver higher specific capacity and longer cycle life compared to cells with the conventional electrolyte. Additionally, the investigation into the structure–property relationship provides a foundational basis for designing advanced electrolytes, which are crucial for the stable cycling of emerging high-voltage cathodes.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143678321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

2D Multilayered Perovskite Ferroelectric with Halogen Bond Induced Interlayer Locking Structure toward Efficient Self-Powered X-Ray Detection

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202412284

Lijun Xu, Junlin Li, Zhangtong Han, Huang Ye, Qianwen Guan, Hang Li, Chengshu Zhang, Junhua Luo

{"title":"2D Multilayered Perovskite Ferroelectric with Halogen Bond Induced Interlayer Locking Structure toward Efficient Self-Powered X-Ray Detection","authors":"Lijun Xu, Junlin Li, Zhangtong Han, Huang Ye, Qianwen Guan, Hang Li, Chengshu Zhang, Junhua Luo","doi":"10.1002/smll.202412284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202412284","url":null,"abstract":"2D Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) hybrid perovskite ferroelectrics have emerged as a promising class of direct X-ray detection materials. However, their intrinsic van der Waals gaps result in weak interlayer interactions that destabilize the layered motifs impacting the stability of the X-ray detector. Thus, it is crucial but remains toughly challenge to enhance interlayer interactions exploring stable RP perovskite ferroelectric X-ray detectors. Here, halogen bond is proposed to enhance the interlayer interactions of RP perovskite ferroelectrics obtaining a 2D trilayered ferroelectric, (BrPA)2(EA)2Pb3Br10 (BEPB, BrPA = 3-bromopropylaminium; EA = ethylammonium). Strikingly, the strong Br···Br halogen bonds lock cations to the inorganic skeletons, and C─H···Br hydrogen bonds bridge adjacent spacing sheets, which effectively improves structural stability and suppresses ion migration. The typical P-E hysteresis loops reveal its concrete ferroelectric behaviors, giving a large polarization of ≈7.3 µC cm−2. Consequently, the BEPB-based X-ray detector results in a high sensitivity of 562.6 µC Gy−1 cm−2 at 0 V bias, and most importantly, it exhibits low baseline drift and exceptional environmental stability. As far as is known, halogen bond strengthening 2D multilayered ferroelectric to achieve stable and efficient X-ray detection is unprecedented, which sheds light on the future design of stable optoelectronic devices toward practical applications.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143678325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Overcoming the Structural Incompatibility Between White, Black, and Vibrant Hues in Dynamic Structural Colors

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202502181

Yumin Lee, Youngji Kim, Minji Kim, In Soo Kim, Cheon Woo Moon, Jerome Kartham Hyun

{"title":"Overcoming the Structural Incompatibility Between White, Black, and Vibrant Hues in Dynamic Structural Colors","authors":"Yumin Lee, Youngji Kim, Minji Kim, In Soo Kim, Cheon Woo Moon, Jerome Kartham Hyun","doi":"10.1002/smll.202502181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202502181","url":null,"abstract":"Nature typically creates white and black structural coloration through disordered, dense assemblies of scatterers and absorbers that scatter and absorb light uniformly across the visible range, respectively. However, this approach conflicts with structural coloration designs for vibrant hues, which use ordered and uniform nanostructures. This structural discrepancy presents a challenge when trying to incorporate white and black alongside other colors in dynamic structural colors. Herein, a dynamic reflective coloration strategy is demonstrated, capable of switching between white, black, and other hues from ordered nanostructures. This is accomplished by exploiting reversible Cu electrodeposition within the slits of a nanograting and observing its cross‐polarized reflection, resolving colors from the grating birefringence. By electrochemically modulating the Cu thickness, birefringence is selectively activated, mixed, and eliminated from photonic (Rayleigh‐Wood) and near‐plasmonic resonances, producing blue, orange, white, and black colors. These results offer a pathway to dynamic white and black structural coloration compatible with ordered nanostructures.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143677872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Superior Cycling Stability in Zinc-Ion Batteries with Ca2+-Induced Cathode-Electrolyte Interface and Phytic Acid: Experimental Validation of Theoretical Predictions

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202501294

Yaoyu Gu, Yu Zhang, Mengdong Wei, Hang Ye, Yang Wang, Shaojie Qu, Kuan Hu, Xiaorui Li, Juanjuan Zhang, Ruoyu Wu, Chunsheng Liu, Dianzeng Jia, He Lin

{"title":"Superior Cycling Stability in Zinc-Ion Batteries with Ca2+-Induced Cathode-Electrolyte Interface and Phytic Acid: Experimental Validation of Theoretical Predictions","authors":"Yaoyu Gu, Yu Zhang, Mengdong Wei, Hang Ye, Yang Wang, Shaojie Qu, Kuan Hu, Xiaorui Li, Juanjuan Zhang, Ruoyu Wu, Chunsheng Liu, Dianzeng Jia, He Lin","doi":"10.1002/smll.202501294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202501294","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the impact of Ca2+ and phytic acid (PA) pre-insertion on the performance of vanadium oxide (V6O13) as a cathode material for aqueous zinc-ion batteries. Ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations reveal that the diffusion coefficient of Ca2⁺ is higher than that of Zn2+, leading to the preferential extraction of Ca2⁺. The extracted Ca2⁺ readily forms a dense cathode-electrolyte interphase (CEI) with SO₄2− on the electrode surface, effectively mitigating electrode dissolution. Furthermore, density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate that the incorporation of Ca2⁺ lowers the diffusion energy barrier for Zn2⁺, facilitating its diffusion. Additionally, PA insertion stabilizes the interlayer spacing of V6O13, and its strong chelating ability stabilizes the structure by preventing collapse during cycling. Experimental validation through a one-step solvothermal method confirms these theoretical predictions. The CaVO-PA composite exhibits excellent cycling stability, with a capacity retention rate increasing from 60% to 102% after 3000 cycles at 10 A g−¹. Even at 20 A g−¹, it delivers a specific capacity of 170.2 mAh g−¹ with stable Coulombic efficiency. After 10 000 cycles, the capacity shows no significant degradation, demonstrating superior cycling stability and high current tolerance, thereby confirming the effectiveness of the CEI and PA in enhancing electrochemical performance.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"183 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143678318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

2D Van Der Waals Ferroelectric Materials and Devices for Neuromorphic Computing

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202412761

Zhixing Wen, Jiangang Chen, Qirui Zhang, Ge Wang, Xuemei Wang, Fan Yang, Qing Liu, Xiao Luo, Fucai Liu

{"title":"2D Van Der Waals Ferroelectric Materials and Devices for Neuromorphic Computing","authors":"Zhixing Wen, Jiangang Chen, Qirui Zhang, Ge Wang, Xuemei Wang, Fan Yang, Qing Liu, Xiao Luo, Fucai Liu","doi":"10.1002/smll.202412761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202412761","url":null,"abstract":"2D van der Waals (vdW) ferroelectric materials are emerging as transformative components in modern electronics and neuromorphic computing. The atomic-scale thickness, coupled with robust ferroelectric properties and seamless integration into vdW engineering, offers unprecedented opportunities for the development of high-performance and low-power devices. Notably, 2D ferroelectric devices excel in enabling multistate storage and neuromorphic functionalities in emulating synapses or retinas, positioning them as prime candidates for next-generation in-sensor-and-memory units. Despite ongoing challenges such as scalability, material stability, and uniformity, rapid interdisciplinary advancements and advancing nanofabrication processes are driving the field forward. This review delves into the fundamental principles of 2D ferroelectricity, highlights typical materials, and examines key device structures along with their applications in non-von Neumann architecture development and neuromorphic computing. By providing an in-depth overview, this work underscores the potential of 2D ferroelectric materials to revolutionize the future of electronics.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143678322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biomimetic Cascade Nanozyme Catalytic System for the Treatment of Lymph Node Metastasis in Gastric Cancer

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202411576

Xi Luo, Yingguang Zhou, Kexiang Rao, Jingfeng Xiang, Shipeng Ning, Daoming Zhu, Guoxin Li, Hao Chen

{"title":"Biomimetic Cascade Nanozyme Catalytic System for the Treatment of Lymph Node Metastasis in Gastric Cancer","authors":"Xi Luo, Yingguang Zhou, Kexiang Rao, Jingfeng Xiang, Shipeng Ning, Daoming Zhu, Guoxin Li, Hao Chen","doi":"10.1002/smll.202411576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202411576","url":null,"abstract":"Lymphatic metastasis of gastric cancer is a challenging issue in clinical practice. Recently, copper single‐atom nanozymes (SAZ) have gained tremendous attention due to its superior peroxidase (POD) activity that has good nonocatalytic tumor therapy (NCT) capabilities, and photothermal properties. Therefore, using a high‐expressing P‐selectin platelet membrane (PM) to encapsulate SAZ and cisplatin is proposed, forming PSC nanoparticles. Due to their exquisite nanoscale size and the unique structure of lymphatic vessels, PSC can highly target cancer cells in invasive primary tumors and metastatic lymph nodes that both highly express CD44. It is noteworthy that cisplatin can simultaneously perform chemotherapy and generate H₂O₂ under the action of NADPH oxidases (NOXs) that further enhance the catalytic activity of SAZ and increase intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Both in vitro and vivo experiments have demonstrated the superior targeting and elimination capability of the PCS system in primary and metastatic tumor cells. In addition, transcriptomic analysis reveals that PSC + NIR induced apoptosis in MFC cells. This marks the first proposal of combining single‐atom nanozymes and chemotherapy drugs for dual‐targeting in gastric cancer and lymphatic metastasis, providing new insights into a challenging clinical issue in the treatment of gastric cancer lymphatic metastasis.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143677829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Turning Lemons into Lemonade: One‐Step Synthesized Dual‐Acceptor Organic Photosensitizer to Boost the Photodynamic Therapy

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202411643

Zhi Wang, Chunyan Liu, Xianshao Zou, Weijie Chi, Youming Zhang, Xuwei Luo, Yanzi Xu, Jia Liu, Ningjiu Zhao, Wei Zhang, Meiyuan Zu, Wenping Yin, Lingjie Meng, Dongfeng Dang

{"title":"Turning Lemons into Lemonade: One‐Step Synthesized Dual‐Acceptor Organic Photosensitizer to Boost the Photodynamic Therapy","authors":"Zhi Wang, Chunyan Liu, Xianshao Zou, Weijie Chi, Youming Zhang, Xuwei Luo, Yanzi Xu, Jia Liu, Ningjiu Zhao, Wei Zhang, Meiyuan Zu, Wenping Yin, Lingjie Meng, Dongfeng Dang","doi":"10.1002/smll.202411643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202411643","url":null,"abstract":"Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are crucial in photodynamic therapy (PDT), but their generation is highly dependent on the S‐T bandgap (ΔEST), spin‐orbit coupling (SOC), intersystem crossing rate (kISC), and also excited triplet‐states lifetime (τTriplet) in organic photosensitizers (PSs). In contrast to the widely reported donor‐acceptor‐donor (D‐A‐D) type PSs, D‐A‐A‐D typed PSs are seldomly developed for the time‐consuming and complicated synthesis, but show great potential in enhancing ROS generation in phototheranostics. This work here presents a one‐step synthetic procedure of D‐A‐A‐D type 2DMeTPA‐2BT with a high yield of 47%, which is significantly different from the previously reported dual‐acceptor cases. In contrast to 2DMeTPA‐BT, the dual‐acceptor PSs of 2DMeTPA‐2BT display a much smaller ΔEST value but large SOC constants. Also, the intersystem crossing (ISC) dynamics indicate that fast kISC, long τTriplet, and large triplet population are observed in 2DMeTPA‐2BT‐based nanoparticles (NPs), contributing to a superior generation of ROS. 2DMeTPA‐2BT NPs are then finally utilized for the imaging‐guided PDT in vivo with a tumor inhibition rate of 90%. This method offers an efficient way to produce dual‐acceptor typed PSs via a one‐step reaction, providing new avenues in high‐performance phototheranostics.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"94 6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143677866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hydride Migration within RhH2Ag19 Superatom: A Combined Neutron Diffraction and DFT Analysis

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202501583

Tzu‐Hao Chiu, Michael N. Pillay, Jian‐Hong Liao, Xiaoping Wang, Hao Liang, Samia Kahlal, Jean‐Yves Saillard, C. W. Liu

引用次数: 0

Insights Into Low‐Temperature Cation Ordering in Fe‐Added Ce–Zr‐Based Oxides

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202412830

Yume Okazaki, Akihiro Ishii, Itaru Oikawa, Hitoshi Takamura

{"title":"Insights Into Low‐Temperature Cation Ordering in Fe‐Added Ce–Zr‐Based Oxides","authors":"Yume Okazaki, Akihiro Ishii, Itaru Oikawa, Hitoshi Takamura","doi":"10.1002/smll.202412830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202412830","url":null,"abstract":"CeO2–ZrO2 (CZ) solid solutions are widely utilized to control the oxygen partial pressure of automobile exhaust purification systems owing to their high oxygen storage capacity (OSC) related to the valence change of Ce ions upon reduction. Among various CZs, cation‐ordered κ‐Ce2Zr2O8 shows the highest OSC; however, the ordering requires high‐temperature reduction above 1200 °C, causing grain growth and potentially compromising the OSC. Recently, it has been reported that adding a small amount of Fe2O3 to CZ (Zr/Ce = 1) lowers the ordering temperature to 800 °C. In this study, Zr‐rich CZ, known for its excellent heat resistance and widespread applications, is cation‐ordered at low temperatures by the addition of Fe2O3. Using high‐temperature in situ XRD, the low‐temperature ordering behavior of Fe2O3‐added Zr‐rich CZ is observed under oxygen partial pressure during reduction. A weakly reducing atmosphere promotes CZ ordering because Fe2O3 remains an ionic Fe that can be dissolved in CZ to facilitate cation migration. In contrast, a strongly reducing atmosphere converts Fe2O3 to metallic Fe, which is unfavorable for CZ ordering. The study suggests that the reduction atmosphere has a significant impact on the dissolution of transition metal oxides and cation ordering of ceramics.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143677877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0