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The Influence of Flexibility of Alkynyl Ligands on the Formation of an Fcc Au110 Nanocluster

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202502106

Feng Hu, Gaoyuan Yang, Zhen-Chao Long, Wan-Qi Shi, Gui-Jie Liang, Jia-Qi Wang, Quan-Ming Wang

{"title":"The Influence of Flexibility of Alkynyl Ligands on the Formation of an Fcc Au110 Nanocluster","authors":"Feng Hu, Gaoyuan Yang, Zhen-Chao Long, Wan-Qi Shi, Gui-Jie Liang, Jia-Qi Wang, Quan-Ming Wang","doi":"10.1002/smll.202502106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202502106","url":null,"abstract":"Isomerization of nanoclusters is helpful for understanding the relationships between structures and properties. Surface-protecting ligands play a crucial role in controlling the atomic packing mode of the inner core. The synthesis and total structural determination of the all alkynyl-protected gold nanocluster (NEt3CH2Cl)2[Au110(C≡CC3H6Ph)48] (Au110-1) are reported. Au110-1 and the previously reported [Au110(C≡CC6H4-4-CF3)]2− (Au110-2) constitute the largest alkynyl-protected nanocluster quasi-isomers (> 100 metal atoms). Both Au110 consist of an fcc Au86 kernel and a shell of 24 RC≡C─Au─C≡CR staples, but the specific arrangements are different. The application of the flexible alkynyl ligands creates a significant difference in the face-centered cubic (fcc) kernel structure in Au110-1, showing a different electronic structure, thermal- and photo-stability. Transient absorption spectra reveal that Au110-1 still does not show any metallic characteristics, even though it has a smaller energy gap (Eg) than Au110-2.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143745471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cost-Effective Perylene-Diimide Non-Conjugated Polymer as Cathode Interlayer for Large-Scale Production of Organic Photovoltaics

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202502094

Wenxi Xiao, Yanhe Xiang, Qingyang Li, Zhe Li, Bowei Xu, Shouke Yan

{"title":"Cost-Effective Perylene-Diimide Non-Conjugated Polymer as Cathode Interlayer for Large-Scale Production of Organic Photovoltaics","authors":"Wenxi Xiao, Yanhe Xiang, Qingyang Li, Zhe Li, Bowei Xu, Shouke Yan","doi":"10.1002/smll.202502094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202502094","url":null,"abstract":"At present, organic solar cells (OSCs) stand at a key stage of industrialization. Although many organic photovoltaic materials exhibit outstanding performance, they cannot meet the requirements for large-scale production. Here, a cost-effective and high-throughput method is reported to prepare Perylene/naphthalene-diimide (PDI/NDI) non-conjugated polymers for serving as cathode interlayer (CIL) materials in OSCs. By utilizing low-cost raw materials, the NDI/PDI polymers can be readily synthesized without involving purification by column chromatography, which minimizes the cost of CILs. Notably, the performance of PDI-OEG CIL is insensitive to preparation conditions and processing methods, thereby lowering the technical threshold for practical applications, which is essentially important for large-scale production. By using a binary blend PM6:L8-BO as an active layer, the OSC modified by PDI-OEG exhibited a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.7%. It is demonstrated that the suitable work function, self-doping effect, and H-aggregate endowed PDI-OEG with excellent electron collection capability, which can suppress the charge recombination in OSCs. Moreover, PDI-OEG is well-compatible with a large-area blade-coating technique, and a 1-cm2 OSC can be fabricated by using a blade-coated PDI-OEG, delivering a PCE of 17.0%. The results suggest that PDI-OEG is a promising CIL material for advancing the industrialization of organic photovoltaic technology.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143745472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modulation of Surface/Interface States in Bi2S3/VS4 Heterostructure With CN Layer for High-Performance Sodium-Ion Batteries: Enhanced Built-in Electric Field and Polysulfide Capture

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202500359

Weiwei Chen, Qinghua Sun, Jianchao Li, Ziwei Gong, Wenju Xie, Zhiyong Ouyang, Bai Zheng, Jie Zhao, Yanhe Xiao, Shuijin Lei, Baochang Cheng

{"title":"Modulation of Surface/Interface States in Bi2S3/VS4 Heterostructure With CN Layer for High-Performance Sodium-Ion Batteries: Enhanced Built-in Electric Field and Polysulfide Capture","authors":"Weiwei Chen, Qinghua Sun, Jianchao Li, Ziwei Gong, Wenju Xie, Zhiyong Ouyang, Bai Zheng, Jie Zhao, Yanhe Xiao, Shuijin Lei, Baochang Cheng","doi":"10.1002/smll.202500359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202500359","url":null,"abstract":"Metal sulfides are promising materials for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) owing to unique structures and high theoretical capacity. However, issues like poor conductivity, large volume changes, and polysulfide dissolution limit practical application. This study introduces a novel Christmas tree-like heterostructure composed of Bi2S3 and VS4 encapsulated in nitrogen-doped carbon shell (Bi2S3/VS4@CN), synthesized by sulfurizing dopamine-coated BiVO4 precursor. The in situ synthesis ensures excellent lattice matching between Bi2S3 and VS4, minimizing interface states and enhancing effective built-in electric field. This design accelerates electrochemical reaction kinetics; moreover, it promotes progressive reaction that mitigates structural fragmentation, suppresses degradation, and prevents polysulfide dissolution and shuttle. Additionally, the CN shell effectively passivates the surface states of Bi2S3 and VS4 nanostructures, lowering surface barrier and improving overall conductivity. As a result, Bi2S3/VS4@CN-based half-SIBs demonstrate remarkable long-cycle stability, maintaining 387.1 mAh g−1 after 1600 cycles at 2 A g−1, and excellent rate performance with 376.3 mAh g−1 at 5 A g−1. Full-SIBs using Na3V2(PO4)3//Bi2S3/VS4@CN exhibit outstanding cycling stability, retaining 117.2 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles at 1 A g−1, along with 218 Wh kg−1 high energy density at 145.3 W kg−1. This work highlights the potential of heterostructures in advancing metal sulfide-based SIBs for high-performance energy storage.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143745674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Engineering Alkali Lignin Structure Modification: Enhanced Hard Carbon Electrolyte Interface Toward Practical Sodium Ion Batteries

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202412003

Dezhe Fan, Dongjie Yang, Xueqing Qiu, Liheng Chen, Xuefeng Yu, Weifeng Liu, Hongming Lou, Wenli Zhang

{"title":"Engineering Alkali Lignin Structure Modification: Enhanced Hard Carbon Electrolyte Interface Toward Practical Sodium Ion Batteries","authors":"Dezhe Fan, Dongjie Yang, Xueqing Qiu, Liheng Chen, Xuefeng Yu, Weifeng Liu, Hongming Lou, Wenli Zhang","doi":"10.1002/smll.202412003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202412003","url":null,"abstract":"Hard carbon (HC) exhibits great potential as a promising candidate for sodium-ion batteries owing to its inherent advantages. However, the main challenges in utilizing HC stem from its low initial coulombic efficiency (ICE) and poor rate performance caused by its excessive surface defects. In this study, an effective strategy of employing alkali lignin (AL) is proposed, derived from pulp waste, as a binder for HC to create a uniform and inorganically enriched solid electrolyte interface. AL can modify the surface defects of HC through strong π–π interactions between the aromatic ring of AL and HC, while ingeniously grafting abundant active ─OH and ─COOH groups onto the electrode surface. The strong binder force between AL and electrolyte salts facilitates the formation of an ultra-thin NaF-rich solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layer (10 nm), thereby achieving an exceptional ICE of 91%. Furthermore, owing to its electrochemical activity, AL enables HC anode to exhibit an increasing slope capacity during cycling, compensating for capacity decay at high current densities. Consequently, when assembled into a full battery configuration, excellent rate performance is achieved with a reversible capacity of 282 mAh g−1 even at a current density of 5A g−1.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143745677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Co-anchored Hollow Carbonized Kapok Fiber Encapsulated Phase Change Materials for Upgrading Photothermal Utilization

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202500479

Yang Li, Yuhao Feng, Mulin Qin, Keke Chen, Yifeng An, Panpan Liu, Yu Jiang, Zhenghui Shen, Xiao Chen

{"title":"Co-anchored Hollow Carbonized Kapok Fiber Encapsulated Phase Change Materials for Upgrading Photothermal Utilization","authors":"Yang Li, Yuhao Feng, Mulin Qin, Keke Chen, Yifeng An, Panpan Liu, Yu Jiang, Zhenghui Shen, Xiao Chen","doi":"10.1002/smll.202500479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202500479","url":null,"abstract":"The efficient capture, conversion, and storage of solar energy present significant promise for advancing green energy utilization. However, pristine phase change materials (PCMs) are inherently inadequate for optical capture and absorption. To improve photothermal conversion properties, PCMs and metal-organic frameworks derived Co nanoparticle-anchored carbonized hollow fiber are advantageously integrated. The robust hollow carbon fiber tubular structure promises efficient thermal energy storage, fast phonon transfer, and excellent durability and structural stability after long heating-cooling cycles. Plasmonic Co nanoparticles and broadband-absorbing high graphitized hollow carbon fiber synergistically enhance light harvesting and energy conversion in composite PCMs, achieving 94.38% photothermal conversion efficiency (100 mW cm−2). This integration enables the simultaneous generation of electrical and thermal energy under randomly incident solar radiation. Attractively, the designed photothermoelectric system steadily realizes a continuous output voltage of 309.8 mV and output current of 70.0 mA (100 mW cm−2). This advantageous integrated design strategy provides constructive insights for developing next-generation composite PCMs toward efficient photothermoelectric conversion and storage systems.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143745678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Functional Microendoscopy Reveals Calcium Responses of Single Cells in Tracheal Tuft Cells and Kidney Podocytes

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202411341

Tobias A. Dancker, Mohamed Ibrahem Elhawy, Ramona Rittershauß, Qinghai Tian, Yvonne Schwarz, Markus D. A. Hoffmann, Christopher Carlein, Amanda Wyatt, Vanessa Wahl, Daniel Speyerer, Alaa Kandah, Ulrich Boehm, Leticia Prates Roma, Dieter Bruns, Peter Lipp, Gabriela Krasteva-Christ, Marcel A. Lauterbach

{"title":"Functional Microendoscopy Reveals Calcium Responses of Single Cells in Tracheal Tuft Cells and Kidney Podocytes","authors":"Tobias A. Dancker, Mohamed Ibrahem Elhawy, Ramona Rittershauß, Qinghai Tian, Yvonne Schwarz, Markus D. A. Hoffmann, Christopher Carlein, Amanda Wyatt, Vanessa Wahl, Daniel Speyerer, Alaa Kandah, Ulrich Boehm, Leticia Prates Roma, Dieter Bruns, Peter Lipp, Gabriela Krasteva-Christ, Marcel A. Lauterbach","doi":"10.1002/smll.202411341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202411341","url":null,"abstract":"Microendoscopy, a crucial technology for minimally invasive investigations of organs, facilitates studies within confined cavities. However, conventional microendoscopy is often limited by probe size and the constraint of using a single excitation wavelength. In response to these constraints, a multichannel microendoscope with a slender profile of only 360 µm is engineered. Functional signals both in situ and in vivo are successfully captured from individual single cells, employing a specially developed software suite for image processing, and exhibiting an effective resolution of 4.6 µm, allowing for the resolution of subcellular neuronal structures. This system enabled the first examination of calcium dynamics in vivo in murine tracheal tuft cells (formerly named brush cells) and in situ in kidney podocytes. Additionally, it recorded ratiometric redox reactions in various biological settings, including intact explanted organs and pancreatic islet cultures. The flexibility and streamlined operation of the microendoscopic technique open new avenues for conducting in vivo research, allowing for studies of tissue and organ function at cellular resolution.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143745765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Zinc-Cobalt Bimetallic Organic Frameworks with Antioxidative and Osteogenic Activities for Periodontitis Treatment

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202412065

Hao Tang, Yameng Yu, Xinxin Zhan, Feilong Wang, Dong Xiang, Yufeng Zheng, Hong Lin, Dandan Xia

{"title":"Zinc-Cobalt Bimetallic Organic Frameworks with Antioxidative and Osteogenic Activities for Periodontitis Treatment","authors":"Hao Tang, Yameng Yu, Xinxin Zhan, Feilong Wang, Dong Xiang, Yufeng Zheng, Hong Lin, Dandan Xia","doi":"10.1002/smll.202412065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202412065","url":null,"abstract":"Periodontitis is a prolonged inflammatory disease caused by bacterial infection. Oxidative stress induced by inflammation leads to excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and difficulties in bone tissue regeneration. ROS-scavenging agents regulate the periodontal tissue microenvironment, which is of great significance in the treatment of periodontitis. In this study, a zinc-cobalt bimetallic organic framework (Zn/Co-MOF) is constructed to alleviate local tissue inflammation and bone resorption in periodontitis by cascading antioxidant activity. In vitro experimental results show that the Zn/Co-MOF not only provides effective cellular protection against ROS attack in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and osteoblast precursor cells (MC3T3-E1), but also promotes osteogenic differentiation. In vivo experiments in rat periodontitis models confirm that Zn/Co-MOFs can reduce local periodontal tissue inflammation, reduce osteoclasts, and promote the recovery of alveolar bone height defects, which is beneficial for the treatment of periodontitis. RNA sequencing results show that the Zn/Co-MOF promotes bone tissue regeneration mainly through activated Wnt pathways, which accelerate osteogenic differentiation. Overall, the Zn/Co-MOF exhibits antioxidant capacity and promotes bone regeneration, making it a promising strategy for the treatment of periodontitis.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143745671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Binder-Free MoO2-MoO3 Nanoarrays as High-Performance Anodes for Li-Ion Batteries

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202500361

Gagan Kumar Sharma, Jacob Elkins, Anand B. Puthirath, Jishnu Murukeshan, Abhijit Biswas, Tymofii S. Pieshkov, Atin Pramanik, Robert Vajtai, Davinder Kaur, Pulickel M. Ajayan

{"title":"Binder-Free MoO2-MoO3 Nanoarrays as High-Performance Anodes for Li-Ion Batteries","authors":"Gagan Kumar Sharma, Jacob Elkins, Anand B. Puthirath, Jishnu Murukeshan, Abhijit Biswas, Tymofii S. Pieshkov, Atin Pramanik, Robert Vajtai, Davinder Kaur, Pulickel M. Ajayan","doi":"10.1002/smll.202500361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202500361","url":null,"abstract":"To overcome the limitations of commercializing lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), a one-step feasible route is reported to prepare a hybrid matrix of molybdenum oxides (MoO3-x, x = 0 and 1) thin film anode. In this direction, the electrical conductivity barriers of MoO3 dielectric are overcome by reinforcing conductive MoO2 via the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) route. The intermixed array of nanograins and nanoflakes grown over stainless-steel (SS) foil delivers a maximum gravimetric capacitance of 281 F g−1 and a specific capacity of 348 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1. The synergistic integration of metal oxides facilitates multiple valencies, interfacial structural stability, and abundant ion transport channels to achieve a wider voltage window of 3.50 V. Subsequently, the prepared Li||MoO2-MoO3@SS configuration possesses electric double-layer and pseudocapacitive energy storage capacity leading to remarkable specific energy 77.78 Wh kg−1 and excellent specific power 13.75 kW kg−1. The high-rate capacity tests for continuous 1200 charge–discharge cycles disclose retention of ≈88% and ≈100% Coulombic efficiency on a 2-fold enlargement of current density. The longer lifespan and higher rate capacity of nanohybrid anode owing to reversible lithiation/delithiation further recommend its candidacy in developing LIBs for next-generation portable electronics.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143745670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multiple Charge Carriers Manipulation Toward Semiconductive Ceramic Nanocomposites for Corrosion-Resistant Electromagnetic Wave Absorption

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202500581

Yu Zhang, Siyuan Zhang, Di Lan, Jiahui Yao, Zhenguo Gao, Guanglei Wu, Jian Jiao

{"title":"Multiple Charge Carriers Manipulation Toward Semiconductive Ceramic Nanocomposites for Corrosion-Resistant Electromagnetic Wave Absorption","authors":"Yu Zhang, Siyuan Zhang, Di Lan, Jiahui Yao, Zhenguo Gao, Guanglei Wu, Jian Jiao","doi":"10.1002/smll.202500581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202500581","url":null,"abstract":"The modulation of transport properties in ceramic-based semiconductors can be used to optimize the electromagnetic response mechanism and performance. A semiconductor ceramic foam interlayer wall (SCFW) is designed by a physical vapor deposition method. The interlayer structural SCFW is composed of semiconductor-insulator-semiconductor layers, incorporating a composite system of SiC, Al4.8Si1.2O9.6, and Al2O3. Moreover, the hierarchical network structure of the foam interlayer wall is controlled by the pyrolysis-deposition kinetic process. Electrons and holes are transported through the heterojunctions between SiC and Al4.8Si1.2O9.6, achieving effective charge relaxation. The Al2O3 matrix provides lightweight properties (density of 0.967 g cm−3), while the hierarchical network structure determines the excellent electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption performance of the SCFW, with an effective bandwidth up to 14.8 GHz under electromagnetic response (minimum reflection loss RLmin = −50.6 dB). the SCFW has been proven to exhibit corrosion resistance and thermal insulation properties, with a thermal conductivity up to 0.025 W m−1 K−1. This study provides valuable insights into the structural design and dielectric property optimization of ceramic-based semiconductor nanocomposites, which leads to strong polarization loss, opening new avenues for the application of EMW absorbers, and the EMW absorption mechanism of ceramics.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"183 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143745667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Thermal Stress Mitigation and Improved Performance in Perovskite Solar Cells via Lattice Matched Alkali Halide Passivation

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202502659

Abhijit Singha, Ananta Paul, Nrita Gaur, Harmanjeet Singh Bilkhu, Anuraag Arya, Varun Bhalerao, Sudhanshu Mallick, K. R. Balasubramaniam, Dinesh Kabra

{"title":"Thermal Stress Mitigation and Improved Performance in Perovskite Solar Cells via Lattice Matched Alkali Halide Passivation","authors":"Abhijit Singha, Ananta Paul, Nrita Gaur, Harmanjeet Singh Bilkhu, Anuraag Arya, Varun Bhalerao, Sudhanshu Mallick, K. R. Balasubramaniam, Dinesh Kabra","doi":"10.1002/smll.202502659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202502659","url":null,"abstract":"This study utilizes a method to enhance the structural and thermal stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) by incorporating an alkali halide interlayer between the electron transport layer (ETL) and perovskite, which is known to improve device efficiency. This passivation technique significantly reduces residual stress within the perovskite at room temperature (3.68 MPa → 2.56 MPa) and maintains structural integrity under thermal cycling (−40 to 85 °C) as per IEC 61215: 2016 standards. Following 50 cycles, the treated film exhibits a minimal increase in residual stress (≈5.34 MPa), in contrast to the control film (≈29.72 MPa) based on Williamson-Hall 2θ – Sin2Ψ analysis. The incorporation of wide-bandgap alkali halides facilitates a strong lattice registry, thereby enhancing structural reliability. Moreover, fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) confirms a reduction in defect formation, correlating with macroscopic lifetime studies. This also increases open circuit voltage (VOC) (1.08 V → 1.15 V) and device efficiency (17.9% → 20.6%). Notably, the treated device retains ≈71% of its initial PCE after 50 thermal cycles, whereas control devices ceased operation after 30 cycles due to thermal stress-induced interfacial delamination. This approach effectively prevents interlayer delamination, improving long-term structural reliability and, thereby, enabling efficient and thermally stable PSC deployment.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143745673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0