IF 12.1 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1002/smll.70744

Kanqi Wang, Liuyin Yang, Xiaowei Lu, Mingtao Cheng, Xiran Gui, Qingmin Chen, Yilin Wang, Yang Zhao, Dong Li, Gang Liu

引用次数: 0

Fast-Response and Flexible Triboelectric Pressure Sensors with Hierarchical Triple-Scale Structure for Wireless Smart Seat Detection 基于三尺度结构的快速响应柔性摩擦电压力传感器无线智能座椅检测

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202509357

Yingzi Zhou, Yuan Wang, Guoqiang Li, Sensen Xuan, Qin Zeng, Yang Guo, Yunsong Luo, Dantong Feng

{"title":"Fast-Response and Flexible Triboelectric Pressure Sensors with Hierarchical Triple-Scale Structure for Wireless Smart Seat Detection","authors":"Yingzi Zhou, Yuan Wang, Guoqiang Li, Sensen Xuan, Qin Zeng, Yang Guo, Yunsong Luo, Dantong Feng","doi":"10.1002/smll.202509357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202509357","url":null,"abstract":"Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) are crucial for sustainable energy and Internet of Things (IoT) applications due to their ability to harvest energy and function as self-powered pressure sensors. However, simultaneously achieving high sensitivity, broad pressure detection range, and fast response through simple, low-cost fabrication remains a significant challenge. Herein, a pressure-sensing TENG (PS-TENG) based on porous hemispherical protrusion microstructured polydimethylsiloxane (PHP-PDMS) film is developed. The PHP-PDMS surface—comprising uniformly distributed pores, periodic hemispherical arrays, and irregular nanoscale protrusion—enhances specific surface area and reduces elastic modulus. As a result, the PS-TENG achieves high sensitivity (0.87 V kPa−1), a broad pressure detection range (0.02–53.3 kPa), fast response (16.6 ms), and excellent long-term stability, making it suitable for sustainable self-powered sensing applications. Finite element simulations reveal that larger microstructure sizes and sparser spatial distributions lead to greater deformation, thereby increasing contact area and enhancing charge transfer. These findings align well with experimental results and provide valuable insights for the structural optimization. The PS-TENG's energy harvesting capability is validated by powering light-emitting diodes and a digital hygrothermometer. When integrated with IoT technology, it enables a wireless smart seat detection system for real-time seat occupancy monitoring and public resource management.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145241689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Iron-Mediated Engineering of Thermally-Conductive Hybrid Interfaces for 1.3 V Aqueous Symmetric Supercapacitors 1.3 V水对称超级电容器导热混合界面的铁介导工程

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202506578

Xiangjie Guo, Lianjin Wei, Zhenjie Lu, Xin Wang, Junwu Zhu, Yongsheng Fu

{"title":"Iron-Mediated Engineering of Thermally-Conductive Hybrid Interfaces for 1.3 V Aqueous Symmetric Supercapacitors","authors":"Xiangjie Guo, Lianjin Wei, Zhenjie Lu, Xin Wang, Junwu Zhu, Yongsheng Fu","doi":"10.1002/smll.202506578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202506578","url":null,"abstract":"Aqueous symmetric supercapacitors attract research interest for their intrinsic safety and environmental compatibility, yet their practical deployment is limited by a narrow voltage window imposed by water electrolysis, restricting achievable energy density. In this study, a carbon-based electrode material (Fe/ND-1200) with thermally-conductive hybrid interfaces through iron-mediated high-temperature welding of nanodiamond (ND) was designed, successfully suppressing water-splitting side reactions and broadening the operating voltage of aqueous supercapacitors. During the high-temperature treatment, iron catalyzes the phase transition of sp3-ND to sp2-graphite while forming an iron-carbon solid solution at ND-ND interfaces, thereby enhancing interfacial contact and thermal transport. The Fe/ND-1200 electrode enables an extended operating voltage of 1.3 V while maintaining stable cycling over 30 000 cycles at 2 A g−1. In situ scanning electrochemical microscopy and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy analyses confirm that Fe/ND-1200 can effectively inhibit hydrogen evolution reactions and the generation of water-splitting intermediates. The above experimental results suggest that rapid heat dissipation through the thermally-conductive interfaces reduces localized temperatures at adsorption sites, thereby elevating the overpotential for water splitting and enabling high-voltage operation. This study provides a novel interfacial thermal regulation strategy to overcome voltage limitations and enhance the energy density of aqueous supercapacitors.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145241690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Self‐Floating, Self‐Insulating, and Janus Evaporator Inspired by Victoria Amazonica 一种自浮，自绝缘，Janus蒸发器，灵感来自维多利亚亚马逊

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202505228

Wenhua Yu, Zhengshun Zhang, Xue Bai, Rui Gao, Qinfei Ke, Chen Huang

{"title":"A Self‐Floating, Self‐Insulating, and Janus Evaporator Inspired by Victoria Amazonica","authors":"Wenhua Yu, Zhengshun Zhang, Xue Bai, Rui Gao, Qinfei Ke, Chen Huang","doi":"10.1002/smll.202505228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202505228","url":null,"abstract":"Solar‐powered photothermal evaporators offer a sustainable approach for freshwater extraction. Nevertheless, their practical application is hindered by the difficulties in integrating thermal insulation, self‐flotation, and efficient water transport within a single device. Inspired by the structure of Victoria Amazonica, a fiber‐based solar steam evaporator is developed, featuring self‐floating, self‐insulating, and unidirectional water‐transfer. The design employs a Janus nonwoven (JN), fabricated by precisely adjusting the weight ratio of a hydrophilic viscose (VIS) fiber web and a hydrophobic polypropylene/polyethylene (PP/PE) core‐sheath fiber web, followed by a needle punching process to bond them together. The resulting high fluffiness and vertically aligned fiber pillars form continuous water channels across the JN thickness. This structure enables ultralow thermal conductivity (< 0.05 W mK−1), minimal conductive heat loss (0.6%), sustained water supply, and rapid salt ion diffusion, leading to a high photothermal conversion efficiency of 90.8%. More attractively, the evaporator maintains permanent buoyancy on seawater, since its density (1.06 g cm−3) is even lower than that of seawater (1.07 g cm−3). By integrating biomimetic structural engineering with scalable and affordable fabrication, this work may provide a competitive pathway to tackling global freshwater scarcity while enhancing the design of high‐performance solar desalination systems.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145241722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Polyglycerol-Grafted Graphene Oxide with pH-Responsive Charge-Convertible Surface to Dynamically Control the Nanobiointeractions for Enhanced in Vivo Tumor Internalization (Small 40/2025) 具有ph响应电荷转换表面的聚甘油接枝氧化石墨烯动态控制纳米生物相互作用以增强体内肿瘤内化（Small 40/2025）

IF 12.1 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1002/smll.70739

Yajuan Zou, Alberto Bianco, Yuta Nishina

引用次数: 0

Tailoring the Cu2+ Coordination Microenvironment in Porous Organic Frameworks for Switchable CO2 Photoreduction to CO or CH4 可切换CO2光还原为CO或CH4的多孔有机框架中Cu2+配位微环境的调整

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-10-07 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202506582

Bishal Boro, Tao Zheng, Ankita Boruah, Ravi Kumar, Dibyendu Bhattacharyya, Abhijit Shrotri, Qing-Xiao Tong, Bikash Mishra, Jing-Xin Jian, John Mondal

{"title":"Tailoring the Cu2+ Coordination Microenvironment in Porous Organic Frameworks for Switchable CO2 Photoreduction to CO or CH4","authors":"Bishal Boro, Tao Zheng, Ankita Boruah, Ravi Kumar, Dibyendu Bhattacharyya, Abhijit Shrotri, Qing-Xiao Tong, Bikash Mishra, Jing-Xin Jian, John Mondal","doi":"10.1002/smll.202506582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202506582","url":null,"abstract":"Solar-driven conversion of CO2 to fuels addresses both energy and environmental crises. This study reports the rational design and synthesis of two heteroatom-enriched imine-based porous organic frameworks (POFs), NON-POF and NNN-POF, further functionalized with copper sites (Cu@NON-POF and Cu@NNN-POF) for photocatalytic CO2 reduction under visible light. Notably, Cu@NNN-POF exhibits exceptional CO production with a remarkable yield of 4.86 mmol g−1, whereas Cu@NON-POF enables an 8-electron reduction pathway, selectively producing CH4 (0.18 mmol g−1) alongside notable amounts of CO and H2. The enhanced CH4 selectivity in Cu@NON-POF arose from the distinct hydrogen-bonding interactions between its N-H moieties and CO2 intermediates, which promotes multi-step hydrogenation. Spectroscopic and theoretical analyses reveal how structural and electronic properties govern catalytic activity and product selectivity. Operando extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) studies provide crucial insights into the dynamic coordination environment, oxidation states, and structural evolution of Cu active sites under operational conditions, clarifying the mechanistic basis for product selectivity. This work highlights the potential of Cu-incorporated POFs as robust and cost-effective systems for solar-driven CO2 reduction, advancing catalytic design strategies for clean energy production. Additionally, the mechanistic investigations emphasized the pivotal role of ligand architecture and metal coordination environments in tailoring product selectivity during photocatalytic CO2 reduction.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145235409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Brain‐Inspired Topological Surface Modulation for Advanced Nonvolatility in Organic Artificial Synapses 脑启发的拓扑表面调制用于有机人工突触的高级非挥发性

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-10-07 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202505745

Daegun Kim, Dongyeong Jeong, Kwanghoon Kim, Donghwa Lee, Junho Sung, Hyoik Jang, Kangto Han, Eunho Lee, Geun Yeol Bae

{"title":"Brain‐Inspired Topological Surface Modulation for Advanced Nonvolatility in Organic Artificial Synapses","authors":"Daegun Kim, Dongyeong Jeong, Kwanghoon Kim, Donghwa Lee, Junho Sung, Hyoik Jang, Kangto Han, Eunho Lee, Geun Yeol Bae","doi":"10.1002/smll.202505745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202505745","url":null,"abstract":"Human intelligence has evolved dramatically as topological adaptations have taken precedence over volumetric expansion in brain development. Inspired by the remarkable functional enhancements achieved through cortical gyrification, organic synaptic transistors (OSTs) are demonstrated with active layers engineered via controlled surface topologies. Macroscopic compressive forces induce wrinkling in the active polymer layer, generating localized stress that compresses microscopic crystallites. This compression effectively enhances ion retentivity in the OST, leading to improved long‐term plasticity (LTP) and greater linearity in synaptic responses compared to uncompressed crystallites. The OST with an optimized topological structure in its active layer exhibits a fourfold enhancement in LTP, successfully emulating paired‐pulse facilitation and five key synaptic functions of the human neural system. As a result, simulations of image recognition based on the convolutional neural network demonstrate high accuracy, underscoring the potential of topological control in hardware for artificial neural network computing.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145235437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dip‐in Nanomechanical Probes for Mass Characterization of Nanoparticles in Ultra‐Low Volume Liquid Suspensions 浸入式纳米机械探针用于超低体积液体悬浮液中纳米颗粒的质量表征

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-10-07 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202509144

Juan Molina, Javier E. Escobar, Priscila M. Kosaka, Óscar Malvar, José J. Ruz, Javier Tamayo, Álvaro San Paulo, Montserrat Calleja

{"title":"Dip‐in Nanomechanical Probes for Mass Characterization of Nanoparticles in Ultra‐Low Volume Liquid Suspensions","authors":"Juan Molina, Javier E. Escobar, Priscila M. Kosaka, Óscar Malvar, José J. Ruz, Javier Tamayo, Álvaro San Paulo, Montserrat Calleja","doi":"10.1002/smll.202509144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202509144","url":null,"abstract":"The mass of nanoparticles has a critical influence on their phenomenology and functional performance, driving the need for measurement tools that combine high‐throughput with high‐resolution single‐particle analysis. Mass characterization of large nanoparticle populations under such demands remains a persistent challenge, particularly for nanoparticles of large mass, where consolidated techniques encounter limitations. Here, a dip‐in nanomechanical probe sensing approach for weighing nanoparticles in liquid suspensions which simultaneously provides high mass resolution and sensing rate is demonstrated. The method relies on nanoparticle transfer to nanowire resonator probes via iterative immersion into the suspension, requiring minimal volume and resulting in negligible losses. It also introduces ionic liquids as suspension media, enabling vacuum operation for optimizing mass resolution through single‐mode resonance frequency tracking of the probes. Additionally, implementing acoustofluidic actuation on the suspension regulates nanoparticle adsorption/desorption during immersion, significantly enhancing the sensing rate. Measurements of 30 nm gold nanoparticles demonstrate accurate characterization of their mass distribution with a probe resolution of 0.1 ag, a sensing rate of 38 NPs min−1, and a sample volume of a few nanoliters. The concurrent advances in all these performance characteristics reveal the potential of dip‐in nanomechanical probes for precise and fast characterization of individual nanoparticles over a wide mass range.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145235446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modeling Bifunctional Electrocatalysts Through p-Block Metal Incorporation in Transition Metal Doped N-Graphene for Oxygen Evolution and Reduction Reactions 通过p嵌段金属掺入过渡金属掺杂n -石墨烯模拟双功能电催化剂的析氧和还原反应

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-10-07 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202507111

Sougata Saha, Kakkadan Vipin Raj, Swapan K Pati

{"title":"Modeling Bifunctional Electrocatalysts Through p-Block Metal Incorporation in Transition Metal Doped N-Graphene for Oxygen Evolution and Reduction Reactions","authors":"Sougata Saha, Kakkadan Vipin Raj, Swapan K Pati","doi":"10.1002/smll.202507111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202507111","url":null,"abstract":"Development of efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is essential for renewable energy storage and conversion technologies. While transition metal (TM) co-doped N-doped graphene systems (TM-N-G) are well-known for their electrocatalytic performance, their bifunctional activity for both OER and ORR remains limited and inefficient. In this work, bifunctional electrocatalytic performance of TM-N6-G systems (TM = Fe, Co, and Ni) is investigated by incorporating p-block metals (PM = Al, Ga, In, Sn, and Bi) into an N4 cavity, resulting in TM-PM-N6-G structures. Systematic DFT calculations reveal that among all the system configurations, Co-Ga-N6-G and Co-Sn-N6-G emerge as highly efficient bifunctional catalysts. The enhanced catalytic activity of Co centres is attributed to optimal interactions with reaction intermediates, as elucidated by scaling relations, volcano plots, and contour maps. These optimal interactions are explained by changes in electronic structure of catalysts and charge redistribution at the TM sites, induced by incorporated PMs. A new descriptor ϒ is proposed to describe the catalytic activity, performing better than conventional d-band center. Additionally, several unifunctional catalysts are identified. This detailed analysis provides key insights and design strategies for developing high-performance bifunctional catalysts via PM doping in TM-N-G systems.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145235428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Regional Electron Transfer and Band Regulation by Cluster‐Constrained Nanozyme Growth for Enhanced Catalytic Effect 簇约束纳米酶生长的区域电子转移和带调节增强催化效应

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-10-07 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202508011

Kun Lu, Hongliang He, Jizi Liu, Xiaoyang Zhu, Yu Mao, Weiwei Kang, Yan Li, Ning Gu

{"title":"Regional Electron Transfer and Band Regulation by Cluster‐Constrained Nanozyme Growth for Enhanced Catalytic Effect","authors":"Kun Lu, Hongliang He, Jizi Liu, Xiaoyang Zhu, Yu Mao, Weiwei Kang, Yan Li, Ning Gu","doi":"10.1002/smll.202508011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202508011","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the complexity of their multiple structures, the catalytic mechanism of Prussian blue composite nanozymes (PB C‐NZs) remain to be fully elucidated. Meanwhile, there is currently no relatively clear design concept for the construction of PB C‐NZs. Given that PBNZs have an electron transfer catalytic mechanism and intrinsic properties of redox, this work proposes a novel design concept based on electron transfer and energy band difference to improve catalytic activity and oxidation performance. In short, a PB C‐NZs with region growing is developed by in situ doping with MoO3 to increase the active sites and adjust the band position to regulate redox ability. The energy band overlap region of MoO3 and PB can be used to reduce the band gap for improving the electron transfer efficiency. And its oxidative enzyme‐like performance results show that compounds with higher valence bands can be used to improve the oxidation performance. This confirms that the oxidation enzyme‐like performance of PB C‐NZs are enhanced by energy band differences. The design concept clarifies the factors and electron transfer mechanism of the MoO3/PB nanozyme to enhance enzyme activity and proposes a novel concept for the design of subsequent redox nanozymes.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145235432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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