IF 12.1 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2026-05-07 DOI: 10.1002/smll.73671

Lijun Cai, Minhui Lu, Ning Li, Yuanjin Zhao

{"title":"Electric-Eel-Inspired Ionic Power Source Microneedles With Self-Reporting Structural Colors for Wound Healing.","authors":"Lijun Cai, Minhui Lu, Ning Li, Yuanjin Zhao","doi":"10.1002/smll.73671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.73671","url":null,"abstract":"Microneedles have come to the forefront in the field of disease treatment. Efforts in this area are focused on developing specific microneedle systems with distinctive functions to promote their values. Here, inspired by the features of electric-eel and chameleon, we conceive a kind of ionic power source microneedles (IPSMs) with self-reporting structural colors for wound healing. The IPSMs consist of three layers, including a high KCl bottom layer, a cation-selective middle layer, and low KCl ionic-responsive tips with structure color. These IPSMs present an inherent electric field due to the internal unidirectional movement of K+, which can produce electrical stimulation for promoting wound healing. Besides, the constant movement of K+ from the bottom to the tips will lead to volume increase of the tips due to the chelation-derived bond energy change. This can result in the variation of the structure colors, acting as a visual signal for monitoring the electrical performance and providing a valuable reference for timely dressing changes. Furthermore, silver nanoparticles are integrated to impart them with antibacterial capacity and improved electrical performance. We demonstrated that this IPSM can promote wound healing, taking advantage of its electrical performance, antibacterial capacity, and self-reporting capacity, exhibiting great potential for practical wound healing.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":" ","pages":"e73671"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147831583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ultrahigh Stiffness and Energy Absorption Properties of Isotropic Metallic Closed Cell Microlattices. 各向同性金属闭孔微晶格的超高刚度和吸能性能。

IF 12.1 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2026-05-07 DOI: 10.1002/smll.73694

Dominic Kang Jueh Lim, Chang Quan Lai

{"title":"Ultrahigh Stiffness and Energy Absorption Properties of Isotropic Metallic Closed Cell Microlattices.","authors":"Dominic Kang Jueh Lim, Chang Quan Lai","doi":"10.1002/smll.73694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.73694","url":null,"abstract":"To validate leading theories on isotropic mechanical metamaterial designs, pSC-pFCC closed cell microlattices are fabricated from SS304L sheets using the LAPIS additive manufacturing technique. By removing excess material at each layer, the fully enclosed voids in the lattice design are faithfully reproduced, confirmed by micro-CT scan, without the need to introduce release holes for precursor materials. Material anisotropy caused by the layer-by-layer fabrication process is removed with a post-print heat treatment. The microlattices exhibited highly similar elastic deformation in the <100> and <110> axes, with stiffnesses at the Hashin-Shtrikman theoretical limit, as predicted previously. However, this isotropy in stress-strain response is unexpectedly extended to the plastic regime as well, even though the microlattices failed via plate buckling in <100> orientation, but by shear banding in <110>. Moreover, the microlattices also displayed remarkable specific energy absorption (15-33 J g-1) and energy absorption efficiencies up to 44%, at stresses as high as 410 MPa. Material work hardening is key to this breakthrough performance, as it raised the plateau stress of the plate buckling failure to approximately the same level as the stretch-dominated elastic limit, which allowed ultrahigh stiffness to be united with excellent energy absorption characteristics in these mechanical metamaterials.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":" ","pages":"e73694"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147831634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Macrophage-Inspired Nanomedicines: Harnessing Innate Biology for Precision Therapy. 巨噬细胞激发的纳米药物：利用先天生物学进行精确治疗。

IF 12.1 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2026-05-07 DOI: 10.1002/smll.73699

Qinzhen Cheng, Baoli Zhou, Jinmei Yang, Yalan Zhu, Shiwen Lv, Xiaoyuan Ji

{"title":"Macrophage-Inspired Nanomedicines: Harnessing Innate Biology for Precision Therapy.","authors":"Qinzhen Cheng, Baoli Zhou, Jinmei Yang, Yalan Zhu, Shiwen Lv, Xiaoyuan Ji","doi":"10.1002/smll.73699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.73699","url":null,"abstract":"While conventional nanomedicines often struggle with biological barriers and off-target effects, macrophage-based delivery systems offer a distinct advantage by harnessing the innate homing, barrier-penetrating, and immunomodulatory capacities of these cells. This review provides a critical analysis of the three main platforms derived from this concept: whole-macrophage carriers, macrophage membranes (MM)-coated nanoparticles, and macrophage-derived exosomes. Beyond cataloging engineering strategies-from genetic modification to biomimetic coating-we emphasize the design logic of translating specific biological functions into therapeutic capabilities. A key focus is their application across diverse diseases, particularly in remodeling the tumor microenvironment (TME) and treating inflammatory conditions, where their intrinsic biology aligns with therapeutic goals. Despite promising preclinical outcomes, we argue that the field's central challenge lies in transitioning from proof-of-concept studies to scalable, clinically viable manufacturing processes. This review not only synthesizes current advances but also establishes a framework for evaluating these systems, highlighting the need for standardized characterization and long-term safety studies to guide their rational development toward clinical precision medicine.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":" ","pages":"e73699"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147831696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Catalytic Activity and Micro-Mechanisms of Reducible Metal Oxide Nanozymes in Relation to Their Antibacterial Efficacy. 还原性金属氧化物纳米酶的催化活性及其抑菌机理研究。

IF 12.1 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2026-05-07 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202514882

Melanie J Coathup, Abinaya Sindu Pugazhendhi, Daniel Brown, Craig J Neal, Khoa Minh Ta, Elayaraja Kolanthai, Bijay Dhungana, Jonathan D Schwartzman, Marco Molinari, Sudipta Seal

{"title":"The Catalytic Activity and Micro-Mechanisms of Reducible Metal Oxide Nanozymes in Relation to Their Antibacterial Efficacy.","authors":"Melanie J Coathup, Abinaya Sindu Pugazhendhi, Daniel Brown, Craig J Neal, Khoa Minh Ta, Elayaraja Kolanthai, Bijay Dhungana, Jonathan D Schwartzman, Marco Molinari, Sudipta Seal","doi":"10.1002/smll.202514882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202514882","url":null,"abstract":"Precision-driven nanomaterial approaches continue to show enormous promise and are forecast to transform contemporary medicine. The core strength lies in the ability to engineer materials at the nanoscale to achieve unique physicochemical properties. A theory that is paramount to its unlimited future promise is in creating \"designer\" or \"intelligent\" nanomaterials precisely crafted to enable specific biological interactions for applications in health, disease, and infection. Fuelled by their ease of synthesis, catalytic nature, complex surface character, and tunability, the development of next-generation reducible metal oxide nanozymes (rNZs) that mimic the complex perceptive and adaptive capabilities of natural enzymes is a topic of remarkable curiosity. In pursuit of decoding rNZ catalytic mechanisms, this review spotlights the critical contribution of atomistic features. The promise of rNZs to circumvent the therapeutic insufficiencies surrounding bacterial antimicrobial resistance is confirmed to be a viable route forward, and the first evidence of the use of ionizing radiation to augment activity is presented as a novel antibacterial strategy. In some respects, the micromechanisms remain cryptic and elusive. The data reveal the critical contribution of crystal facets and oxygen vacancies within an orchestrated, heterogeneous, tunable, but strikingly complex system. Deciphering these sophisticated behaviors is arguably the next frontier in the field.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":" ","pages":"e14882"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147831503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Breaking Inversion Symmetry via Vanadium Coordination Engineering in Bismuth Vanadium Selenites. 铋钒亚硒酸盐中钒配位工程打破反演对称。

IF 12.1 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2026-05-07 DOI: 10.1002/smll.73696

Chanhee Ko, Congcong Jin, Taek Rim Kim, Seung Han Shin, Yunseung Kuk, Jiachen Lu, Chong-An Chen, Wei Zeng, Joon Ik Jang, Kang Min Ok

{"title":"Breaking Inversion Symmetry via Vanadium Coordination Engineering in Bismuth Vanadium Selenites.","authors":"Chanhee Ko, Congcong Jin, Taek Rim Kim, Seung Han Shin, Yunseung Kuk, Jiachen Lu, Chong-An Chen, Wei Zeng, Joon Ik Jang, Kang Min Ok","doi":"10.1002/smll.73696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.73696","url":null,"abstract":"Three bismuth vanadium selenites, Bi(VO2)(SeO3)2, Bi2(VO2F)(SeO3)3, and Bi2(VO)(SeO3)4, were synthesized via hydrothermal and mild solid-state routes within a common Bi-O-Se framework. Bi(VO2)(SeO3)2 and Bi2(VO2F)(SeO3)3 crystallize in the centrosymmetric (CS) space groups, P21/m and P-1, respectively, whereas Bi2(VO)(SeO3)4 adopts the polar noncentrosymmetric (NCS) space group, Pc. Despite their similar structural building blocks, targeted reduction of vanadium from V5+ to V4+ reorganizes the coordination geometry from symmetry-compensated VO6/VO5F units to directionally aligned VO5 polyhedra, eliminating dipole cancellation and stabilizing a polar arrangement. The CS compounds exhibit strong third-order nonlinear responses, with third-harmonic generation (THG) susceptibilities 4.8 and 6.4 times larger than that of α-SiO2. In contrast, the NCS phase displays pronounced SHG with an efficiency 11.6 times that of α-SiO2 under 1400 nm excitation, together with a broad infrared transparency window spanning 1000-4000 nm and high laser-induced damage tolerance. Notably, Bi2(VO)(SeO3)4 represents the first reported V4+-selenite framework in which five-coordinate vanadium units adopt a non-antiparallel vanadyl alignment, giving rise to intrinsic noncentrosymmetry and strong nonlinear optical activity. These results demonstrate that vanadium coordination-number reduction coupled with oxidation-state engineering provides an effective strategy for symmetry breaking in selenite frameworks, offering a promising pathway for the design of robust materials for infrared photonic applications.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":" ","pages":"e73696"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147831528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modulating C─F Bonds of Fluorinated Graphite via Compounding Graphene Oxide for High-Energy/Power Lithium Batteries. 用复合氧化石墨烯调制高能/动力锂电池用氟化石墨的C─F键

IF 12.1 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2026-05-07 DOI: 10.1002/smll.73573

Jian Ren, Longlong Guo, Ruiting Wang, Xiang Gao, Wensheng Gao, Rongrong Shi, Yongxiao Bai

{"title":"Modulating C─F Bonds of Fluorinated Graphite via Compounding Graphene Oxide for High-Energy/Power Lithium Batteries.","authors":"Jian Ren, Longlong Guo, Ruiting Wang, Xiang Gao, Wensheng Gao, Rongrong Shi, Yongxiao Bai","doi":"10.1002/smll.73573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.73573","url":null,"abstract":"Lithium/fluorinated carbon (Li/CFx) primary batteries have been widely used in industries such as aerospace and military. However, due to its tight structure and strong C─F bond, high energy density and power density cannot be balanced. Herein, an environmentally friendly and scalable liquid-phase exfoliation strategy to modify fluorinated graphite (FG) with graphene oxide (GO) has been proposed. The optimized GO-FG composite, featuring as exfoliated layer structure and a modulated C─F bond, realizes a maximum energy density of 2740.00 Wh kg-1 at 0.01 C, and a power density of 84.88 and 119.33 kW kg- 1 at ultra-high rates of 50 C and 80 C, respectively. Furthermore, flexible pouch cells assembled with this composite deliver capacities of 1.06 Ah at 0.1 C and 0.96 Ah at 5 C. Experimental and theoretical results indicate that the compounding of reduced GO with FG significantly modulates the strength of C─F bond and the in situ exfoliation opens the layer structure of CFx and constructs the conductive framework, which realizes a uniform LiF transformation and structure collapse of CFx during discharging, synergistically enhanced the reaction kinetics.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":" ","pages":"e73573"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147831658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Peptide-Ligand Cooperative Interplay Drives Gold Nanoparticle Encapsulation by Protein Cages. 肽-配体协同相互作用驱动金纳米颗粒被蛋白质笼封装。

IF 12.1 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2026-05-07 DOI: 10.1002/smll.73690

Wenhui Li, Niklas Mucke, Michael Rütten, Tommaso L Schweers, Tobias Beck, Vikram Jadhao

{"title":"Peptide-Ligand Cooperative Interplay Drives Gold Nanoparticle Encapsulation by Protein Cages.","authors":"Wenhui Li, Niklas Mucke, Michael Rütten, Tommaso L Schweers, Tobias Beck, Vikram Jadhao","doi":"10.1002/smll.73690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.73690","url":null,"abstract":"Cargo encapsulation offers broad opportunities in synthetic biology, biocatalysis, and therapeutic delivery, with encapsulins serving as nanoscale reaction chambers or protective carriers. Yet, controlling cargo loading remains challenging. Here, we reveal a molecular-scale understanding of gold nanoparticle encapsulation in encapsulin protein cages. Experiments investigate how salt concentration, nanoparticle functionalization with ligands, and cargo-loading peptides influence encapsulation performance. Molecular dynamics simulations connect these experimental observations to the free-energy landscape governing the initial association of an encapsulin protomer binding to the nanoparticle surface. Simulations reveal three salt-dependent sets of nanoparticle-protomer binding free-energy compared to protomer-protomer binding energy: much stronger nanoparticle-protomer binding at low salt, slightly stronger nanoparticle-protomer binding in a wide range of intermediate salt, and weakened nanoparticle-protomer attraction at high salt, corresponding to experimental observations of co-precipitates, nanoparticle encapsulation, and empty cages, respectively. Importantly, the robustness of encapsulation to variations in salt concentration arises from cooperative effects between ligands and peptides: ligands mediate electrostatic attraction and promote peptide extension, while peptides extend the protomer recruitment zone and prevent kinetic trapping. This integrated experimental and computational approach provides molecular-level insight into encapsulation energetics and peptide-ligand cooperative interplay, guiding the rational design of bio-inspired nanocages for selective delivery and templated synthesis.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":" ","pages":"e73690"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147831709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Covalent Organic Frameworks with Intrinsic Pendant Aldehydes for Efficient Nitrate Electroreduction. 具有本征垂坠醛的共价有机框架用于硝酸电还原。

IF 12.1 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2026-05-07 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202514575

Gobinda Das, Suprobhat Singha Roy, Thirumurugan Prakasam, Akshaya Kumar Das, Hoda Al-Assaad, Guillaume Clet, Farah Benyettou, Rasha G AbdulHalim, Sabu Varghese, Abdulla Bin Tamim, Prasita Mazumder, Serdal Kirmizialtin, Felipe Gándara, Samer Aouad, Mohamad El-Roz, Subrata Kundu, Ali Trabolsi

{"title":"Covalent Organic Frameworks with Intrinsic Pendant Aldehydes for Efficient Nitrate Electroreduction.","authors":"Gobinda Das, Suprobhat Singha Roy, Thirumurugan Prakasam, Akshaya Kumar Das, Hoda Al-Assaad, Guillaume Clet, Farah Benyettou, Rasha G AbdulHalim, Sabu Varghese, Abdulla Bin Tamim, Prasita Mazumder, Serdal Kirmizialtin, Felipe Gándara, Samer Aouad, Mohamad El-Roz, Subrata Kundu, Ali Trabolsi","doi":"10.1002/smll.202514575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202514575","url":null,"abstract":"Nitrate (NO3 -) pollution poses a critical environmental threat by contaminating water resources and disrupting the global nitrogen cycle. The electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction (NO3RR) in alkaline media offers a dual solution: mitigating nitrate contamination while enabling sustainable ammonia (NH3) production. However, the scarcity of free protons (H+) at high pH hampers efficient NO3 --to-NH3 conversion. Here, we report a sub-stoichiometric covalent organic framework PEPy-2CHO-TTA, synthesized by microwave-assisted [4 + 3 + 2] polycondensation strategy, which retains pendant unreacted aldehyde groups oriented toward the pore channels. This framework-intrinsic integration of polar aldehyde functionalities enhances water uptake and promotes the formation of a structured hydration network within the pores, enabling localized proton transfer that overcomes proton deficiency under alkaline conditions. As a result, PEPy-2CHO-TTA COF achieves a Faradaic efficiency (FE) exceeding 95% and an NH3 yield rate of 5.87 mg h-1 cm-2 which is among the highest reported for metal-free or metal-based porous electrocatalysts. Isotope labelling using K15NO3 confirms that the produced ammonia originates exclusively from nitrate reduction. DFT calculations reveal a multi-step eight-electron reduction pathway with the NO-to-NHO transformation as the potential-determining step. This work introduces a new design paradigm for COF electrocatalysts, where pendant aldehydes within the framework serve as molecular handles for water-mediated proton transport, enabling efficient nitrate reduction under alkaline conditions, without external acidification or metal catalysts.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":" ","pages":"e14575"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147831492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Manipulating Charge-Mechanical Coupling to Achieve Superior Ductility and High Thermoelectric Properties in Layered Bismuth Telluride. 操纵电荷-机械耦合以获得层状碲化铋优越的延展性和高热电性能。

IF 12.1 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2026-05-07 DOI: 10.1002/smll.73701

Ruijie Li, Chuandong Zhou, Jianfeng Cai, Zhen-Ao Zhang, Ziyuan Wang, Lidong Chen, Qiang Zhang, Li Kong, Yao Wang, Zhenhua Ge, Guo-Qiang Liu, Jun Jiang

{"title":"Manipulating Charge-Mechanical Coupling to Achieve Superior Ductility and High Thermoelectric Properties in Layered Bismuth Telluride.","authors":"Ruijie Li, Chuandong Zhou, Jianfeng Cai, Zhen-Ao Zhang, Ziyuan Wang, Lidong Chen, Qiang Zhang, Li Kong, Yao Wang, Zhenhua Ge, Guo-Qiang Liu, Jun Jiang","doi":"10.1002/smll.73701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.73701","url":null,"abstract":"Conventional thermoelectric semiconductors are intrinsically brittle, limiting their integration and reliability. Recent studies have revealed intrinsic plasticity in several systems, such as Mg3Bi2 and Bi2Te3, yet this deformability has been primarily attributed to mesoscopic dislocation activity. Here, we unveil an atomic-level charge-mechanical coupling that directly governs plastic deformation in layered bismuth telluride materials. It represents a dislocation-independent pathway for deformation, originating from the tunable interlayer bonding itself. We demonstrate that reducing carrier concentration weakens van der Waals attraction, expands interlayer spacing, and thus promotes interlayer slip, resulting in remarkable ductility with a bending strain of 26% and a compressive strain exceeding 90%. Importantly, this mechanism does not compromise thermoelectric performance. Instead, the optimized p-type Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 simultaneously achieves a high peak dimensionless figure of merit (zT) of 1.23 at 350 K. This work reveals how electronic states can be harnessed to tune plasticity in layered semiconductors and provides a general strategy for synergistically enhancing mechanical flexibility and thermoelectric efficiency.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":" ","pages":"e73701"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147831713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Review on System Design for Photothermal Lithium Extraction. 光热锂萃取系统设计综述。

IF 12.1 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2026-05-07 DOI: 10.1002/smll.73702

Chaoqun Zhang, Chenyang Li, Jiao Ma, Tian Wang, Meiling Wang

{"title":"A Review on System Design for Photothermal Lithium Extraction.","authors":"Chaoqun Zhang, Chenyang Li, Jiao Ma, Tian Wang, Meiling Wang","doi":"10.1002/smll.73702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.73702","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid development of electric vehicle batteries and large-scale grid energy storage systems has led to a substantial surge in global lithium (Li) demand. While abundant in brine and seawater, its extraction requires efficient and low-energy methods. Unlike established physicochemical or electrically-driven Li extraction processes, the emerging photothermal technology offers a cleaner and lower-cost alternative. This promising approach leverages abundant solar energy via photothermal materials to drive brine/seawater evaporation and concentrate Li+ for capture. Its core relies on synergistic coupling between photothermal units and Li extraction units. Crucially, systems design for photothermal Li extraction is of utmost importance for achieving high efficiency, selectivity, and stability. Unlike previous reviews focusing on extraction methods, this review reveals the impact of coupling interactions between photothermal units and Li extraction units on photothermal Li extraction performance. Based on the coupling interactions between the two functional units, this study defines integrated systems (where units are assembled within a single matrix) and non-integrated systems (where units exist in separate matrices). We further systematically summarize the synergistic enhancement effects of photothermal materials and Li extraction materials on Li extraction in each system. Finally, we present outlooks for the photothermal Li extraction system from four perspectives.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":" ","pages":"e73702"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147831163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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