IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202407685

Jian Wang, Qiang Zhou, Yuchan Zhang, Shuang Zhao, Li Li, Zhongyuan Zeng, Jiajia Chen, Yangmingxu Meng, Xianglong Zhao, Tianqi Wang, Zexuan Meng, Haihan Yuan, Jianhua Ran, Guixue Wang, Chen-zhong Li, Guangchao Zang

{"title":"Electrochemical Probing of Dopamine Dynamics During Poly(I:C)-Induced Neuroinflammation","authors":"Jian Wang, Qiang Zhou, Yuchan Zhang, Shuang Zhao, Li Li, Zhongyuan Zeng, Jiajia Chen, Yangmingxu Meng, Xianglong Zhao, Tianqi Wang, Zexuan Meng, Haihan Yuan, Jianhua Ran, Guixue Wang, Chen-zhong Li, Guangchao Zang","doi":"10.1002/smll.202407685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202407685","url":null,"abstract":"Viruses can infiltrate the central nervous system and contribute to depression, which may include alterations in dopamine (DA) metabolism triggered by immune responses though the specific mechanisms involved remain unclear. Here, an electrochemical system to realize the real-time dynamic monitoring of DA with high sensitivity is proposed and it is demonstrated that the viral simulator polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)) can inhibit the release of DA (from 5.595 to 0.137 µm) in neurons from the perspective of single cells, cell populations and even in vivo through the combination of multiscale electrodes, including single nanowires, carbon fibers (CFs) and 2D flexible electrodes. These findings are associated with the increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by microglia. At the molecular level, poly(I:C) significantly decreases the expression of α-synuclein and increases its phosphorylation level, whereas ROS inhibitors can reverse these pathological changes and salvage DA release to half the initial level (≈2.6 µM). These results suggest that viruses may indirectly inhibit DA system function through ROS produced in inflammatory responses and that antioxidant activity may be a potential therapeutic strategy.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142673430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Refractory Metal-Based MXenes: Cutting-Edge Preparation and Applications 难熔金属基 MXenes：尖端制备和应用

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202408331

Ruiyan Sun, Ping Hu, Jin Wang, Fan Yang, Fei Zhu, Hairui Xing, Jiao Luo, Lili Gao, Kuaishe Wang, Zongyou Yin

{"title":"Refractory Metal-Based MXenes: Cutting-Edge Preparation and Applications","authors":"Ruiyan Sun, Ping Hu, Jin Wang, Fan Yang, Fei Zhu, Hairui Xing, Jiao Luo, Lili Gao, Kuaishe Wang, Zongyou Yin","doi":"10.1002/smll.202408331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202408331","url":null,"abstract":"Refractory metal-based MXenes refer to MXenes with M as a refractory metal. Due to their high conductivity, large specific surface area, multiple active sites, high photothermal conversion efficiency, adjustable surface groups, and controllable nanolayer spacing, they hold broad application prospects in various fields such as photoelectrocatalysis, biomedicine, water treatment, electromagnetic shielding, and sensors. The unique physical properties of refractory metal-based MXenes are related to their electronic and crystal structures. The interstitial layer causes the carbides to exhibit different behavior compared to the original metal. At the same time, different preparation methods have a great influence on the interlayer spacing and surface termination of refractory metal-based MXenes, thus affecting their performance. This review systematically summarizes the latest progress in the preparation methods and frontier applications of refractory metal-based MXenes, offering new insights for further development. Additionally, various characterization techniques and first-principles calculations are summarized, which are crucial for optimizing refractory metal-based MXenes for applications such as catalysis, energy storage, and sensors. In summary, the current challenges and future development prospects of refractory metal-based Mxenes are addressed, aiming to provide indispensable information for the intelligent design of 2D materials in the future.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142673502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Multifunctional MXene/PVA Hydrogel as a Continuous Ionic Thermoelectric Generator and a Strain/Temperature Sensor 用作连续离子热电发生器和应变/温度传感器的多功能 MXene/PVA 水凝胶

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202407529

Dezhuang Ji, Baosong Li, Dawei Zhang, Balamurugan Thirumal Raj, Moh'd Rezeq, Wesley Cantwell, Lianxi Zheng

{"title":"A Multifunctional MXene/PVA Hydrogel as a Continuous Ionic Thermoelectric Generator and a Strain/Temperature Sensor","authors":"Dezhuang Ji, Baosong Li, Dawei Zhang, Balamurugan Thirumal Raj, Moh'd Rezeq, Wesley Cantwell, Lianxi Zheng","doi":"10.1002/smll.202407529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202407529","url":null,"abstract":"This research reports a continuous output ionic thermoelectric (i-TE) system based on MXene/PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) hydrogel, by utilizing thermo-diffusion of Cu2+ and Cl− ions and the redox reaction involving Cu/Cu2+ at the electrode interfaces. The thermopower of the i-TE system can be independently tuned to a value of −3.13 mVK−1 by adjusting the ion diffusivity via MXene (Ti3C2Tx). The i-TE system demonstrates a rapid response time of less than 100 s, outperforming any other polyelectrolyte-based system. Crucially, the i-TE system achieves continuous current output when equipped with copper electrodes, facilitated by the redox reaction involving Cu/Cu2+, and maintains stable long-term outputs across a range of resistances from 1 kΩ to 1 MΩ. A three-serial-connected i-TE module demonstrates an output voltage of 26 mV with 6 °C temperature difference, confirming the feasibility of creating an array of i-TE devices for substantial energy output. Beyond energy harvesting, the MXene/PVA hydrogel serves as multifunctional strain/temperature sensors, capable of detecting mechanical strains via the piezoresistive effect and locating finger contact points via the ionic thermoelectric effect.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"197 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142673503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Boosting Photoconductivity by Increasing the Structural Complexity of Multivariate Covalent Organic Frameworks 通过增加多元共价有机框架的结构复杂性提高光导率

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202406211

Marta Gordo-Lozano, Marcos Martínez-Fernández, Rajendra Prasad Paitandi, José I. Martínez, José L. Segura, Shu Seki

{"title":"Boosting Photoconductivity by Increasing the Structural Complexity of Multivariate Covalent Organic Frameworks","authors":"Marta Gordo-Lozano, Marcos Martínez-Fernández, Rajendra Prasad Paitandi, José I. Martínez, José L. Segura, Shu Seki","doi":"10.1002/smll.202406211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202406211","url":null,"abstract":"The assessment of the photoconductivity of Donor-Acceptor (D-A) ordered bulk heterojunctions is gaining attention for the development of innovative organic semiconductors in optoelectronics. Here, the synthesis of pyrene-based (D) Covalent Organic Frameworks, achieve through a multivariate reaction involving two distinct acceptors is reported (A). The products are characterized using powder x-ray diffraction, N2 sorption isotherms, electronic microscopy, and in silico calculations, among other techniques. These characterizations reveal that the multicomponent synthesis enables the modification of properties (e.g., bandgap) of the framework while preserving its structural features, such as crystallinity and porosity. The ordered D-A arrays position these materials as promising candidates for photoconductive semiconductors, particularly regarding the variation in the composition of isotopological frameworks. Photoconductivity experiments demonstrate a volcano-type correlation with respect to the A moiety content, with the optimal value reaching 7.9 × 10−5 cm2 V−1 s−1 for the bare NIP25%-COF. This study illustrates how introducing diverse acceptor units through multivariate synthesis can enhance the photoconductivity of these materials via “defect” engineering, without sacrificing their crystalline or porous characteristics and avoiding the need for de novo synthesis.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142673504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Novel kgd-Topological Covalent Organic Framework with Optimum Pore Size for Efficient Benzene/Cyclohexane Separation 一种具有最佳孔径的新型 kgd 拓扑共价有机框架，可用于高效分离苯/环己烷

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202408742

Borui Cai, Wenhao Wu, Xiaozeng Miao, Xi Yang, Limin Duan, Daohui Lin, Kun Yang

引用次数: 0

How Do the Morphology and Crystal Facet of CeO2 Determine the Catalytic Activity toward NO Removal? CeO2 的形态和晶面如何决定其去除 NO 的催化活性？

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202407805

Weibin Chen, Long Feng, Bingbing Ma, Xuan Zhang, Ruiqin Zhong, Ruqiang Zou

{"title":"How Do the Morphology and Crystal Facet of CeO2 Determine the Catalytic Activity toward NO Removal?","authors":"Weibin Chen, Long Feng, Bingbing Ma, Xuan Zhang, Ruiqin Zhong, Ruqiang Zou","doi":"10.1002/smll.202407805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202407805","url":null,"abstract":"Cerium oxide (CeO2) exhibits application potential for the selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides (NOx) with NH3 (NH3-SCR). The crystal facets and morphology of CeO2 have a vital impact on the catalytic performance of NH3-SCR. However, the precise influence mechanisms on SCR activity remain elusive. In this work, CeO2 is successfully synthesized with three distinct crystal facets and nine diverse morphologies. This investigation involves a comprehensive blend of theoretical analysis and experiments, to gain profound insights into the underlying mechanisms governing the SCR catalytic activity concerning morphology and crystal facets. By closely integrating density functional theory (DFT) calculations, Ab initio thermodynamic analysis, SCR catalytic activity experiments, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy experiments, it is discovered that the concentration of surface-active oxygen (O*) plays a pivotal role in determining the catalytic activity of CeO2 in SCR reactions, as opposed to factors like specific surface area or oxygen defect concentration. This experimental-theoretical joint study provides design principles of CeO2 catalysts for NO removal.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142678965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Uncovering the Salt-Controlled Porosity Regulation in Coal-Derived Hard Carbons for Sodium Energy Storage 揭示用于钠储能的煤质硬质碳的盐控孔隙率调节机制

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202409116

Ruiyao Wu, Jian Yin, Yu Liu, Rui Zhang, Hu Zhang, Chen Yang, HuaiYu Wang, Hui Zhu, Lili Ai, Luxiang Wang, Jiao Yin

{"title":"Uncovering the Salt-Controlled Porosity Regulation in Coal-Derived Hard Carbons for Sodium Energy Storage","authors":"Ruiyao Wu, Jian Yin, Yu Liu, Rui Zhang, Hu Zhang, Chen Yang, HuaiYu Wang, Hui Zhu, Lili Ai, Luxiang Wang, Jiao Yin","doi":"10.1002/smll.202409116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202409116","url":null,"abstract":"Coal is a promising precursor of hard carbon (HC) anodes for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), by virtue of resource abundance, low cost, and high product yield. However, the concomitant inorganic salt is usually recognized as impurities and plays an obscure and even contradictory effect on the regulation of pore structure in HCs. Herein, a two-step pyrolysis procedure to the representative salty coal is performed, in which the acid washing program is selectively inserted. It is illuminated that salt acts as a template or activating agent for the generation of open pores at low temperatures but inhibits the closure of pores during the following high-temperature carbonization. The optimized HC delivers a reversible capacity of 322.4 mAh g−1, a high plateau capacity of 192 mAh g−1, and an initial coulombic efficiency of 80%, outperforming to most coal-based HCs. Assembled with an NVPOF cathode, the full-cell exhibits a high energy density of 284.7 Wh kg−1. This work not only provides a systematic understanding of salt-dependent pore structure modulation but also practices a simple, cost-effective, and potentially scalable technique for the production of coal-based HCs.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142678834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Janus Microsphere Delivery System Orchestrates Immunomodulation and Osteoinduction by Fine-tuning Release Profiles (Small 46/2024) Janus微球给药系统通过微调释放曲线协调免疫调节和骨质诱导 (Small 46/2024)

IF 13 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202470337

Yang Shi, Jingyi Gu, Chun Zhang, Rui Mi, Zhiwei Ke, Mingjun Xie, Wenjing Jin, Changyu Shao, Yong He, Jue Shi, Zhijian Xie

引用次数: 0

Red Fluorescence from Organic Microdots: Leveraging Foldamer-Linked Azobenzene for Enhanced Stability and Intensity in Bioimaging Applications (Small 46/2024) 有机微点的红色荧光：在生物成像应用中利用折叠剂连接偶氮苯来增强稳定性和强度（46/2024 号小论文）

IF 13 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202470343

Lianjin Zhang, Seoneun Jeong, Jeehee Lee, Jaewook Kim, Jung Seok Lee, Jihye Park, Jungwoo Hong, Jae-Hoon Eom, Hyungjun Kim, Young Min Rhee, Haeshin Lee, Hee-Seung Lee

引用次数: 0

Interfacial Engineering for Controlled Crystal Mosaicity in Single-Crystalline Perovskite Films (Small 46/2024) 单晶过氧化物薄膜中可控晶体镶嵌的界面工程（小号 46/2024）

IF 13 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202470341

Su Min Park, Sang Wook Park, Haedam Jin, Dohun Baek, Jeongbeom Cha, Weon-Sik Chae, Tae Kyung Lee, Min Kim

引用次数: 0

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