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An Ultra-Thin Stretchable Electrode Based on High-Resilient Polyurethane Crosslinked with La3+-Complexes

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202501839

Qi-Sheng Huang, Ruohan Yang, Zhi-Dong Yang, Pei-Chen Zhao, Xiaoliang Wang, Cheng-Hui Li

{"title":"An Ultra-Thin Stretchable Electrode Based on High-Resilient Polyurethane Crosslinked with La3+-Complexes","authors":"Qi-Sheng Huang, Ruohan Yang, Zhi-Dong Yang, Pei-Chen Zhao, Xiaoliang Wang, Cheng-Hui Li","doi":"10.1002/smll.202501839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202501839","url":null,"abstract":"Stretchable electronic skins with multifunctional sensing capabilities are of great importance in smart healthcare, wearable display electronics, intelligent robots, and human-machine interfaces. Thermoplastic elastomers play a pivotal role as soft substrate in the field of stretchable electronics. However, the dynamic interactions of common thermoplastic elastomers often result in high hysteresis and fatigue damage, limiting their performance and durability. In this study, a highly resilient and fatigue-resistant elastomer is developed by employing La3+-complexes as crosslinkers. The woven structure formed between the prepolymer ligands and lanthanum (III) metal ions establishes stable coordination interactions and introduces additional entanglements around the coordination crosslinkers. Furthermore, this woven structure self-assembles into hierarchical nanoarchitectures, which serve as physical crosslinks, significantly enhancing the mechanical strength. As a result, the new elastomers exhibit exceptional mechanical strength (Young's modulus ≈3.47 MPa; maximum stress ≈16.52 MPa), resilience (residual strain during cyclic stretching at 100% strain ≈8%), fatigue resistance (strength retention rate ≈90% after 2000 cycles stretching), and stable thermomechanical properties (creep strain ≈14.43% and residual strain ≈0.22% at 80 °C 0.1 MPa). Leveraging this high-performance polyurethane elastomer, ultra-thin flexible electrodes are fabricated, which can achieve stable and long-term monitoring of the physiological signals of human body.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143758714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Regulating Entanglement Networks of Fibrillatable Binders for Sub-20-µm Thick, Robust, Dry-Processed Solid Electrolyte Membranes in All-Solid-State Batteries (Small 13/2025)

IF 13 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202570097

Seokyoon Yoon, Seok Hun Kang, Jaecheol Choi, Ju Young Kim, Young-Gi Lee, Young-Sam Park, Dong Ok Shin

引用次数: 0

Microtubules Disruption Alters the Cellular Structures and Mechanics Depending on Underlying Chemical Cues (Small 13/2025)

IF 13 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202570096

Shimaa A. Abdellatef, Hongxin Wang, Jun Nakanishi

引用次数: 0

Wide Bandgap Perovskites: A Comprehensive Review of Recent Developments and Innovations

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202407007

Kyoungtae Kim, Taeho Moon, Jinhyun Kim

{"title":"Wide Bandgap Perovskites: A Comprehensive Review of Recent Developments and Innovations","authors":"Kyoungtae Kim, Taeho Moon, Jinhyun Kim","doi":"10.1002/smll.202407007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202407007","url":null,"abstract":"Recent advances in wide-bandgap (WBG) perovskite solar cells (PSCs) demonstrate a burgeoning potential to significantly enhance photovoltaic efficiencies beyond the Shockley–Queisser limit for single-junction cells. This review explores the multifaceted improvements in WBG PSCs, focusing on novel compositions, halide substitution strategies, and innovative device architectures. The substitution of iodine with bromine and organic ions such as FA and MA with Cs in the perovskite lattice is emphasized for its effectiveness in achieving higher open-circuit voltages and reduced thermalization losses. Furthermore, the integration of advanced charge transport layers and interface engineering techniques is discussed as critical to minimizing open-circuit voltage (VOC) deficits and improving the photo-stability of these cells. The utilization of WBG PSCs in diverse applications such as semitransparent devices, indoor photovoltaics, and multijunction tandem devices is also explored, addressing both their current limitations and potential solutions. The review culminates in a comprehensive assessment of the current challenges impeding the industrial scale-up of WBG PSC technology and offers a perspective on future research directions aimed at realizing highly efficient and stable WBG PSCs for commercial photovoltaic applications.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143745669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Polydisperse Pt Deposits Over TiO2-Nanotube-Array-Supported Ru Nanoparticles: Harnessing the Interfacial Synergy for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Electrocatalysis

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202411870

Mila N. Krstajić Pajić, Ana S. Dobrota, Anca Mazare, Slađana Đurđić, Xin Zhou, Nikita Denisov, Natalia V. Skorodumova, Dragan Manojlović, Rastko Vasilić, Igor A. Pašti, Patrik Schmuki, Uroš Lačnjevac

{"title":"Polydisperse Pt Deposits Over TiO2-Nanotube-Array-Supported Ru Nanoparticles: Harnessing the Interfacial Synergy for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Electrocatalysis","authors":"Mila N. Krstajić Pajić, Ana S. Dobrota, Anca Mazare, Slađana Đurđić, Xin Zhou, Nikita Denisov, Natalia V. Skorodumova, Dragan Manojlović, Rastko Vasilić, Igor A. Pašti, Patrik Schmuki, Uroš Lačnjevac","doi":"10.1002/smll.202411870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202411870","url":null,"abstract":"Developing cost-effective precious metal electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is key to realizing the economic viability of acidic water electrolysis. Herein, galvanic displacement is employed for in situ formation of bimetallic Pt/Ru deposits on H-intercalated TiO2 nanotube arrays. It is found that a two-step procedure yields polydisperse deposits with a dominant fraction of Ru nanoparticles coated with atomic and subnanometric Pt islands. These Pt|Ru nanointerfaces induce charge transfer from Pt to Ru, which modulates the electronic structure of Pt sites for accelerated HER kinetics. By varying the platinization time in the second step, a balance between the exposure of catalytically active Pt|Ru nanointerfaces and the total number of Pt surface sites is achieved. The optimized composite, termed Ru-30min@Pt-30min, requires an overpotential of 58 mV to deliver a current density of 100 mA cm−2 in 1.0 m HClO4 and maintains performance stability and structure integrity under prolonged operation. Moreover, it presents a 3.5-fold increase in precious metal mass activity over Pt/C at η = 80 mV. Theoretical calculations reveal that the electronic interactions generated by Pt-modification of Ru and hydrogenated TiO2 surfaces provide multiple active sites with improved Hads energetics compared to pure Pt and Ru.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143745672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mechanistic Insights into the Formation of Nanofibrous Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) and their Promotion to the Catalysis of Hydrodechlorination

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202501113

Xiaogeng Lin, Li Chen, Jiawang Zhuo, Rongxin Huang, Yiming Zeng, Yasan He

{"title":"Mechanistic Insights into the Formation of Nanofibrous Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) and their Promotion to the Catalysis of Hydrodechlorination","authors":"Xiaogeng Lin, Li Chen, Jiawang Zhuo, Rongxin Huang, Yiming Zeng, Yasan He","doi":"10.1002/smll.202501113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202501113","url":null,"abstract":"The nanoscale morphologies of COFs deeply affect their performance in practical applications. However, it still lacks studies to well understand their formation mechanism for guiding and controlling the synthesis for desired nanomorphology. To achieve more mechanistic insights into the formation of nanofibrous COFs, herein a series of nanofibrous and non-fibrous COFs are synthesized and the intrinsic relationships among the morphology, chemical constituent, structure planarity, and the DFT calculated interlayer stacking energy are investigated comprehensively. The study reveals the planarity of building monomers is not decisive for forming the nanofibrous COFs. The presence of electron-withdrawing triazine group in amine monomers and the electron-donating ─OH group in aldehyde monomers are essential for suppressing the growth of COF crystallites in x-y plane and promoting the stacking in z-direction to form nanofibrous COFs. The COF morphology can be modulated by the functional groups in monomers by regulating the competition between lateral reaction activity and interlayer stacking energy. The prepared nanofibrous COFs exhibited two-fold increased catalytic activity and better stability than the non-fibrous counterpart in hydrodechlorination. The new insights and proposed mechanism here can help open up a domain for precise designing and modulating the COF nanomorphology from molecular level for specific application.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143745762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Polybenzimidazole Composite Separators Engineered from MOFs-HNTs Composites Applicated in Lithium-Ion Batteries

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202502051

Qian Zhou, Shabab Hussain, Jisong Hu, Guanghao Zhang, Wenxing Zhang, Bin Zhang, Lei Wang

{"title":"Polybenzimidazole Composite Separators Engineered from MOFs-HNTs Composites Applicated in Lithium-Ion Batteries","authors":"Qian Zhou, Shabab Hussain, Jisong Hu, Guanghao Zhang, Wenxing Zhang, Bin Zhang, Lei Wang","doi":"10.1002/smll.202502051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202502051","url":null,"abstract":"Incorporating inorganic nanostructured materials into polymeric separators for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) enhances properties such as ionic conductivity, electrolyte wettability, and thermal resistance. However, poor interfacial compatibility between inorganic materials and the polymeric matrix remains a significant challenge. In this study, Zr-based UiO-66 metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is employed as an interfacial binder between halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) and a poly-(arylene ether benzimidazole) (OPBI) matrix, preparing porous separators using the non-solvent phase separation (NIPS) method. The UiO-66 MOFs promote strong adhesion of HNTs to the OPBI chains, creating a more cohesive inorganic-organic system, as confirmed by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of binding energy. The resulting OPBI@M-H10 composite separator exhibits high porosity (80%), an electrolyte absorption capacity of 377%, and an ionic conductivity of 1.59 mS·cm⁻¹. Furthermore, LiFePO4 half-cells assembled with this composite separator show a discharge capacity of 161 mAh·g⁻¹ and a retention rate of 97.96% after 200 charge-discharge cycles. The separator also demonstrates excellent electrode stability in the plating/stripping test of Li symmetric cells, lasting up to 1600 hours and effectively inhibiting dendrite growth on the Li anode. This approach provides a promising solution for high-performance LIBs separators and paves the way for advancements in LIBs technology and energy storage applications.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"134 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143745473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Injectable Hydrogel Loaded with Plasma-Rich Platelets Repairing Endometrial Injury and Remodeling Reproductive Function by Regulating PI3K/AKT Pathway

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202412177

Qing Zhang, Di Qin, Chengyang Liu, Zeqiang Chen, Xuelin Gong, Shuang Wang, Ruipeng Gao, Sun Yu, Jiaojiao Qi, Yusheng Niu, Shichao Xing, Shichao Bi, Bo Tang

{"title":"Injectable Hydrogel Loaded with Plasma-Rich Platelets Repairing Endometrial Injury and Remodeling Reproductive Function by Regulating PI3K/AKT Pathway","authors":"Qing Zhang, Di Qin, Chengyang Liu, Zeqiang Chen, Xuelin Gong, Shuang Wang, Ruipeng Gao, Sun Yu, Jiaojiao Qi, Yusheng Niu, Shichao Xing, Shichao Bi, Bo Tang","doi":"10.1002/smll.202412177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202412177","url":null,"abstract":"Infertility resulting from uterine damage has emerged as a significant challenge confronting the development of modern society. Existing therapeutic approaches frequently encounter limitations due to the intricate physical and physiological environment of uterus. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP), a concentrate of platelets enriched with various growth factors, has been used in uterine injury repair. However, the rapid release of activating factors from PRP limits its timeliness in therapeutic applications. This work involves the synthesis of a biodegradable hydrogel based on natural polysaccharides through dynamic Schiff base. The hydrogel demonstrates tissue adhesion, self-healing, and injectability. Furthermore, its internal porous architecture facilitates the loading and sustained release of PRP. In vitro experiments, the hydrogel loaded with RPR (HOHP) exhibits a significant enhancement in cell proliferation and migration and promotes vascular regeneration by upregulating the expression of VEGFA and further activating the intracellular phosphatidylinositol kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) pathway. In vivo experiments on uterine endometrial injury model, HOHP restores endometrial thickness and gland number, reduces collagen deposition, promotes angiogenesis to repair uterine damage and restore fertility, which provides reinforced endorsement for the clinical management of uterine injury and enhances fertility.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143745679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High Thermoelectric Figure of Merit (zT) in β-Ag2Se via Aliovalent Doping

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202411498

Aradhana Acharya, Suneetha Nagaraja, Nahid Hassan, Kartick Tarafder, Nirmalya Ballav

{"title":"High Thermoelectric Figure of Merit (zT) in β-Ag2Se via Aliovalent Doping","authors":"Aradhana Acharya, Suneetha Nagaraja, Nahid Hassan, Kartick Tarafder, Nirmalya Ballav","doi":"10.1002/smll.202411498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202411498","url":null,"abstract":"High-performance thermoelectric materials are essential for efficient low-temperature (300–400 K) heat energy harvesting, with n-type Ag2Se being a promising candidate. To further enhance the thermoelectric figure of merit (zT) of Ag2Se, aliovalent doping has emerged as a key strategy. However, achieving wet-chemical aliovalent doping of Ag2Se at ambient temperature has proven challenging. In this work, a high zTmax of 1.57 at 398 K is reported for an optimally Cd(II)-doped Ag2Se sample, specifically in the structurally phase-pure Ag1.98Cd0.02Se, which is successfully synthesized via an aqueous-based method at room-temperature (300 K). The Ag1.98Cd0.02Se sample also exhibits an impressive average zTavg of 1.12 over the temperature range of 315–400 K. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations for both the pristine and doped samples reveal significant changes in the electronic band structures, including notable modulations in the density of states near the Fermi energy, particularly for the Ag-3d states. The remarkable thermoelectric performance of Ag1.98Cd0.02Se is attributed to an optimization of charge carrier induced by the Cd(II)-doping.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143745668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ultra-Densified TiO₂(B) Anode With Fluid-Like Compressibility: Enhancing Volumetric Capacity for High-Performance Supercapacitors

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202410793

Shintaro Aoyagi, Etsuro Iwama, Keisuke Matsumura, Kazuaki Kisu, Keita Okazaki, Yoshihiko Egawa, McMahon Thomas Homer Reid, Wako Naoi, Patrick Rozier, Patrice Simon, Katsuhiko Naoi

{"title":"Ultra-Densified TiO₂(B) Anode With Fluid-Like Compressibility: Enhancing Volumetric Capacity for High-Performance Supercapacitors","authors":"Shintaro Aoyagi, Etsuro Iwama, Keisuke Matsumura, Kazuaki Kisu, Keita Okazaki, Yoshihiko Egawa, McMahon Thomas Homer Reid, Wako Naoi, Patrick Rozier, Patrice Simon, Katsuhiko Naoi","doi":"10.1002/smll.202410793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202410793","url":null,"abstract":"This study develops a highly densified bronze-type TiO₂ (TiO2(B)) anode to enhance the volumetric energy and power density of supercapacitors. By integrating ultracentrifugation with strategic carbon reduction via annealing, a TiO₂(B) anode with fluid-like lubrication, high compressibility, and improved electrode density is synthesized. The annealing process facilitated a hierarchical nanoporous TiO₂(B) network while preventing agglomeration, achieving an electrode density of 2.24 g cm⁻3, surpassing conventional values. The densified electrode exhibited an exceptional volumetric capacity of 400 mAh cm⁻3, maintaining high-rate performance at 120C. This approach effectively links mechanical and physicochemical properties to electrochemical performance, offering a scalable strategy for optimizing TiO₂(B) anodes. The findings highlight the potential of highly densified TiO₂(B) for hybrid supercapacitors, particularly in applications requiring maximum energy and power density within compact volumes. These advancements hold promise for electric mobility, portable electronics, and renewable energy storage, where efficiency and performance are critical. By demonstrating a method for achieving high-density energy storage, this study provides a framework for next-generation supercapacitor materials. Addressing the growing demands of modern technologies, this research advances high-performance, space-efficient energy storage solutions crucial for future energy applications","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"183 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143745676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0