IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202509688

Mingzhu Wu,Feiyu Tao,Yingke Ren,Yifan Wang,Zhaoqian Li,Yang Huang,Li'e Mo,Hong Zhang,Linhua Hu

{"title":"Tailoring the Electric Double Layer with Trace PEG400 for Ultra-Stable Zn Anodes.","authors":"Mingzhu Wu,Feiyu Tao,Yingke Ren,Yifan Wang,Zhaoqian Li,Yang Huang,Li'e Mo,Hong Zhang,Linhua Hu","doi":"10.1002/smll.202509688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202509688","url":null,"abstract":"Developing stable aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) requires suppressing interfacial water-induced side reactions and dendrite growth at Zn anodes. Electrolyte additives present a viable strategy, but conventional electrolyte additives often require high concentrations that compromise ionic conductivity and bring about toxic and flammable issues. In this work, trace amounts (0.8 vol%) of polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400) is introduced to operate as an effective electric double layer (EDL) regulator. The minimal additive loading uniquely restructures the EDL without changing bulk electrolyte properties (ionic conductivity and Zn2+ ions solvation structure). A competitive adsorption mechanism is elucidated, wherein PEG400, possessing stronger adsorption energy than H2O, preferentially occupies the Zn anode surface, forming a H2O-poor EDL that suppresses water-induced side reactions and improves nucleation kinetics to enable dendrite-free deposition. AZIBs with the addition of PEG400 achieve exceptional cycling stability for 440 h under harsh test conditions of 30 mA cm-2 and 180 h even at a higher current density of 40 mA cm-2. Full batteries coupled with NH4V4O10 (NVO) cathodes deliver 351 mAh g-1 at 1 A g-1, corresponding to a capacity retention of 90% for 1000 cycles.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"32 1","pages":"e09688"},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145189040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synergistic Material-Structure Engineering for Mid-Infrared Thermal Management in Textiles. 纺织品中红外热管理的协同材料结构工程。

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202509257

Ruiyao Xu,Ziyuan Zhu,Hanyuan Zhang,Wenhui Fan,Tianqi Guan,Yuqi Wei,Weilin Xu,Bin Hu,Jun Wan

{"title":"Synergistic Material-Structure Engineering for Mid-Infrared Thermal Management in Textiles.","authors":"Ruiyao Xu,Ziyuan Zhu,Hanyuan Zhang,Wenhui Fan,Tianqi Guan,Yuqi Wei,Weilin Xu,Bin Hu,Jun Wan","doi":"10.1002/smll.202509257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202509257","url":null,"abstract":"Mid-infrared (MIR) thermal management textiles offer a promising solution for optimizing heat exchange between the human body and the environment, as over 90% of human thermal radiation falls within this spectral range. Unlike conventional thermal management textiles that rely on low thermal conductivity materials, reflective coatings, or radiative cooling layers, MIR textiles achieve passive thermal regulation through selective spectral control. However, current research largely focuses on performance optimization while lacking a systematic investigation from both material and structural perspectives. This review explores the interplay between material composition and structural design in MIR textiles, emphasizing their impact on MIR reflection, absorption, and transmission, as well as multi-scale heat transport behaviors. It categorizes MIR-responsive fiber materials into inorganic fibers, polymer-based fibers, and composite fibers, discussing their structural characteristics and thermal functionalities. Additionally, it analyzes key structural strategies such as layered optical structures, surface functional finishing, and woven structural design for enhancing spectral selectivity and optimizing heat transfer pathways. By establishing a materials-structure synergistic approach, this review provides a comprehensive framework for designing next-generation MIR thermal management textiles with applications in smart wearables, energy-efficient clothing, and sustainable thermal regulation technologies.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"7 1","pages":"e09257"},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145194573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synthesis‐Driven Functionality in High‐Entropy Materials 高熵材料的合成驱动功能

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202501703

Anurag Khandelwal, George Mathew, Subramshu Bhattacharya, Alexander Colsmann, Gabriel Cadilha Marques, Miriam Botros, Florian Strauss, Jiangyuan Xing, John Silvister Raju, Arivazhagan Ponnusamy, Jasmin Aghassi‐Hagmann, Torsten Brezesinski, Simon Schweidler, Ben Breitung

{"title":"Synthesis‐Driven Functionality in High‐Entropy Materials","authors":"Anurag Khandelwal, George Mathew, Subramshu Bhattacharya, Alexander Colsmann, Gabriel Cadilha Marques, Miriam Botros, Florian Strauss, Jiangyuan Xing, John Silvister Raju, Arivazhagan Ponnusamy, Jasmin Aghassi‐Hagmann, Torsten Brezesinski, Simon Schweidler, Ben Breitung","doi":"10.1002/smll.202501703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202501703","url":null,"abstract":"Since their discovery in 2015, high‐entropy oxides have introduced a paradigm shift in materials science, unveiling a class of compounds with exceptional structural and functional versatility. These high‐entropy materials (HEMs) offer exciting opportunities as next‐generation alternatives to conventional materials, owing to the synergistic interplay of multiple principal elements that results in enhanced stability, tunability, and multifunctionality. Their unique atomic configurations enable the design of materials with high surface areas and abundant active sites for catalysis, mechanically robust structures for energy storage, or tunable band gaps for electronic and optoelectronic devices. However, the vast compositional space of HEMs presents both a challenge and an opportunity. Meaningful property design requires a deep understanding of how synthesis routes influence structure–property relationships. In this review, a comprehensive overview of established and emerging synthesis strategies for HEMs, focusing on how each method affects resulting structural, electronic, electrochemical, and optical characteristics, is provided. Key process parameters that can be tailored to optimize material performance are highlighted. Additionally, the accelerating role of high‐throughput synthesis and characterization in navigating the design space of high‐entropy systems is discussed. By systematically connecting synthesis, structure, and function, this review aims to guide the rational design of HEMs for energy applications and beyond.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145195351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Three-Dimensionally Penetrated Inorganic Semiconductor/Carbon Nanotube Hybrids for Robust Thermoelectric Filaments. 三维穿透无机半导体/碳纳米管杂化材料的坚固热电细丝。

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202507156

Xiaona Yang,Xiao Yang,Xinyi Chen,Minzhi Du,Yong Du,Ting Zhang,Haisheng Chen,Kun Zhang

{"title":"Three-Dimensionally Penetrated Inorganic Semiconductor/Carbon Nanotube Hybrids for Robust Thermoelectric Filaments.","authors":"Xiaona Yang,Xiao Yang,Xinyi Chen,Minzhi Du,Yong Du,Ting Zhang,Haisheng Chen,Kun Zhang","doi":"10.1002/smll.202507156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202507156","url":null,"abstract":"Directly mixing or coating inorganic semiconductors with fibrous nanomaterials offers a route to flexible thermoelectric filaments (TEFs), but this approach usually results in nanocomposites with low electrical conductivity, high thermal conductivity, and compromised mechanical flexibility. Here, a strategy to create a 3D penetration network of inorganic semiconductors within carbon nanotube filaments (CNTFs) is developed, resulting in high zT and mechanical stability. Highly porous hydroxylated CNTFs (HCNTFs) formed by hydrogen peroxide treatment allow the radial penetration of bismuth telluride nanoparticles into HCNTFs via dip-coating. The 3D penetration network of inorganic semiconductors within HCNTFs does not deteriorate carrier transport but suppresses thermal transport due to abundant nanograins and mesopores in hybrid TEFs. The thermal conductivity remains low (≈1-2 W m-1 K-1), comparable to pure bismuth telluride, while the power factor doubles compared to conventional coated samples, resulting in one order of magnitude higher zT values (up to 0.34 for p-type and 0.14 for n-type at 303 K), making it one of the best CNT-based hybrid TE materials. It exhibits outstanding flexibility and stability without delamination after 2000 bending cycles. A 3D flexible TE textile, fabricated by embroidering p-n segmented TEFs into knitted fabric, demonstrates potential applications for a remote fire alarm system.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"11 1","pages":"e07156"},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145189046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Deprotonation-Resistant Bimolecular Passivation Strategy for 26% Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells. 26%高效稳定倒置钙钛矿太阳能电池的抗去质子双分子钝化策略。

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202505684

Xiling Wu,Congcong Tian,Jingyu Cai,Beilin Ouyang,Anxin Sun,Jiajun Du,Jinling Chen,Ziyi Li,Rongshan Zhuang,Tiantian Cen,Kaibo Zhao,Qianwen Chen,Yuyang Zhao,Ran Li,Teng Xue,Chun-Chao Chen

{"title":"Deprotonation-Resistant Bimolecular Passivation Strategy for 26% Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells.","authors":"Xiling Wu,Congcong Tian,Jingyu Cai,Beilin Ouyang,Anxin Sun,Jiajun Du,Jinling Chen,Ziyi Li,Rongshan Zhuang,Tiantian Cen,Kaibo Zhao,Qianwen Chen,Yuyang Zhao,Ran Li,Teng Xue,Chun-Chao Chen","doi":"10.1002/smll.202505684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202505684","url":null,"abstract":"Surface passivation has significantly increased the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the most advanced methods of surface passivation depend on ammonium ligands that can lose protons under light and heat. Here, a dual-molecule approach for surface passivation is presented by combining 4-methylpyridine-3-sulfonic acid (MPSA) with ethanolamine hydrochloride (EOACl). The sulfonic acid group of MPSA provides additional protons and thus prevents the loss of protons from ammonium cations. This method reduces the deprotonation equilibrium constant of the ligands by more than 10-fold. At the same time, EOA⁺, with its strong molecular dipole (6.72 D) and high adsorption energy (ΔE = -2.68 eV), exhibits excellent field effect and chemical passivation. The enhanced perovskite solar cells achieved a PCE of 26.04%, with the encapsulated devices retaining 91.2% of their original PCE after 1100 h of MPPT operation. After 800 h of thermal aging in a dark, inert atmosphere at 85 °C, the efficiency also remained at 90.3%, showing much improved stability for practical applications.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"6 1","pages":"e05684"},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145189039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fully Aqueous and Printable Photonic Inks with Tunable Pitch and Optical Memory via Hydrogen-Bonded HPC-PVA Networks. 通过氢键HPC-PVA网络具有可调间距和光记忆的全水性和可打印光子油墨。

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202509425

Hyeong Seok Oh,Sanghyeok Lee,Juyoung Lee,Kyeong Jin Kim,Ji Hyun Kim,Changju Chae,Su Yeon Lee,Kang Hee Ku

{"title":"Fully Aqueous and Printable Photonic Inks with Tunable Pitch and Optical Memory via Hydrogen-Bonded HPC-PVA Networks.","authors":"Hyeong Seok Oh,Sanghyeok Lee,Juyoung Lee,Kyeong Jin Kim,Ji Hyun Kim,Changju Chae,Su Yeon Lee,Kang Hee Ku","doi":"10.1002/smll.202509425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202509425","url":null,"abstract":"Rewritable and structurally colored biopolymer coatings demand fully aqueous processing, optical tunability, and dry-state color retention, yet these requirements remain difficult to reconcile without chemical crosslinking. Competitive hydrogen bonding between hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) is leveraged to achieve dynamic pitch modulation and kinetic trapping of cholesteric order, thereby overcoming the intrinsic limitations of HPC-based inks. In this study, a compositionally programmable, fully water-based photonic ink is realized by blending HPC with PVA additives of varied molecular weight and hydrolysis degree. The resulting formulations exhibit continuously adjustable structural colors (λmax = 466-633 nm), high yield stress (>100 Pa), and shear-thinning behavior compatible with direct ink writing. Thermal annealing kinetically arrests the cholesteric structure without covalent fixation, yielding vibrant dry-state color with robust mechanical integrity. The printed films further display humidity-responsive reversible color shifts (Δλmax up to 240 nm) and rewritable optical memory, retained even in complex 3D architectures. This non-covalent design paradigm integrates pitch programmability, environmental responsiveness, and printability in a single biopolymer platform, providing a scalable route toward sustainable photonic coatings and rewritable optical devices.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"75 1","pages":"e09425"},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145189044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unraveling Dual-Redox Mechanisms in Ni-Based Conjugated Coordination Polymers for High-Performance Rechargeable Magnesium Batteries. 高性能可充电镁电池用镍基共轭配位聚合物的双氧化还原机制研究。

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202507798

Yazhen Zhao,Nan Wang,Miao Zhou,Mengyang Li,Ming Pan,Xiaoqin Zeng,Jun Yang,Jiulin Wang,Yanna NuLi

{"title":"Unraveling Dual-Redox Mechanisms in Ni-Based Conjugated Coordination Polymers for High-Performance Rechargeable Magnesium Batteries.","authors":"Yazhen Zhao,Nan Wang,Miao Zhou,Mengyang Li,Ming Pan,Xiaoqin Zeng,Jun Yang,Jiulin Wang,Yanna NuLi","doi":"10.1002/smll.202507798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202507798","url":null,"abstract":"Rechargeable magnesium metal batteries (RMBs) have recently attracted increasing attention due to their high theoretical volumetric capacity and inherent safety. However, the development of suitable cathode materials remains a major challenge. Conjugated coordination polymers (CCPs) are attractive cathode materials for energy storage due to their stable redox-active frameworks and intrinsic electronic conductivity. However, the Mg2+ storage mechanisms of CCPs remain poorly understood, and the application of CCPs as cathodes for RMBs has been seldom reported. Herein, a series of 1D CCPs based on 2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone (DHBQ) coordinated with Ni2+, Mn2+, and Cu2+ (denoted as NiDHBQ, MnDHBQ, and CuDHBQ) is designed. Among them, NiDHBQ delivers the highest reversible capacity of 228.2 mAh g-1 at 100 mA g-1 and superior cycling stability, enabled by dual redox activity from both the Ni2+ centers and C═O groups. Comprehensive spectroscopic analysis (XPS, FTIR, XANES/EXAFS) and DFT calculations reveal that the extended d-π conjugation and low Mg2+ migration barrier facilitate rapid charge transport and structural robustness. In contrast, CuDHBQ suffers from irreversible Cu2+ reduction, and MnDHBQ remains electrochemically inactive in Mn2+. This work will enlighten further in-depth investigations for the molecular designs of advanced CCPs-based cathode materials.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"19 1","pages":"e07798"},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145189049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Achieving Ultra-High Electromagnetic Wave Absorption of Lightweight and Flexible Polyamide Composites via Customizing Microcellular Architecture. 通过定制微蜂窝结构实现轻质柔性聚酰胺复合材料的超高电磁波吸收。

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202505493

Menglong Xu,Biao Zhao,Ruiyang Tan,Dongdong Hu,Yajie Liu,Jun Wang,Linfeng Wei,Tao Liu,Ling Zhang,Ling Zhao,Chul B Park

{"title":"Achieving Ultra-High Electromagnetic Wave Absorption of Lightweight and Flexible Polyamide Composites via Customizing Microcellular Architecture.","authors":"Menglong Xu,Biao Zhao,Ruiyang Tan,Dongdong Hu,Yajie Liu,Jun Wang,Linfeng Wei,Tao Liu,Ling Zhang,Ling Zhao,Chul B Park","doi":"10.1002/smll.202505493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202505493","url":null,"abstract":"Porous conductive polymer composites (CPCs) have been proven to be potential electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbers. However, challenges persist regarding the inferior absorption capacity and limited EMW attenuation mechanisms. Here, an eco-friendly, scalable, and versatile route to fabricate lightweight and flexible microcellular foamed polyamide 6 (PA6)/carbon nanotube (CNT) nanocomposites with customized cellular structure and ultra-high EMW absorption capacity via supercritical CO2 foaming is proposed. The unique porous structure is verified to endow composite absorbents with good impedance matching and strong loss capacity simultaneously owning to their tunable dielectric properties and abundant interfaces. Moreover, the effects of CNT content and tailored microcellular architecture (i.e. varied void fraction under similar cell size, and varied cell size under similar void fraction) on the EMW absorbing performance are systematically investigated. Benefiting from the structural merits, the composite foam with void fraction of 44.1% and cell size of 21.7 µm delivers the ultra-low reflection loss (RL) of -71.8 dB at a small thickness of 4.0 mm, demonstrating superior EMW absorption performance compared with vast majority of foamed CPCs. Subsequently, the Computer Simulation Technology (CST) simulation is performed to visualize the structural advantages of absorbers with varied cell size from the micro and macro perspective, and reveal the EMW attenuation evolutionary mechanism. The composite foam also possesses excellent mechanical and hydrophobic properties. By manipulating the microcellular architecture, this work paves a novel path toward developing lightweight, waterproofing, and high-performance CPCs-based absorbers.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"23 1","pages":"e05493"},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145189050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hexagonal (Cu,Co)Se2 Nanoflakes as Effective and Durable Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Overall Alkaline Water Splitting: Understanding Local Structure Around Active Sites. 六方（Cu,Co）Se2纳米片作为碱水整体分解的有效和持久的双功能电催化剂：了解活性位点周围的局部结构。

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202507915

Anjali Amar,Priyanka Aggarwal,Soham Mukherjee,Muruganandham Hariram,Simran Jain,Rahul Mahavir Varma,Debasish Sarkar

{"title":"Hexagonal (Cu,Co)Se2 Nanoflakes as Effective and Durable Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Overall Alkaline Water Splitting: Understanding Local Structure Around Active Sites.","authors":"Anjali Amar,Priyanka Aggarwal,Soham Mukherjee,Muruganandham Hariram,Simran Jain,Rahul Mahavir Varma,Debasish Sarkar","doi":"10.1002/smll.202507915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202507915","url":null,"abstract":"Electrochemical water splitting is an eco-friendly method for large-scale production of high-purity hydrogen (H2) and oxygen (O2), and hence, pioneering the design of efficient and economic bifunctional electrocatalysts is necessary. Here, hexagonal (Cu,Co)Se2 nanoflakes are fabricated to leverage the unique synergy between copper and cobalt for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). As HER and OER catalysts, (Cu,Co)Se2 nanoflakes demonstrate low overpotentials of 104 and 250 mV, respectively, to reach current densities of 10 mA cm-2 in 1 m KOH solution, with respective Tafel slopes of 117.7 and 61 mV dec-1. The catalyst requires only 403 mV of overpotential to reach 1000 mA cm-2 in OER. XANES analyses reveal average oxidation states of Co as 2.6+ and 3+ post-HER and post-OER, respectively, while Cu remains predominantly in 2+ states. Presence of Cu around Co induces orbital rehybridization through linking Se bonds; establishing a cooperative participation between Co and Cu to facilitate overall charge-transfer processes, eventually enhancing catalytic activity of (Cu,Co)Se2. Further, (Cu,Co)Se2/NF-based overall-water-splitting electrolyzer offers low cell voltage (1.65V at 10 mA cm-2) and high durability even at a high current density (at η50) in 1 m KOH, thus demonstrating its commercial application prospects.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"102 1","pages":"e07915"},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145194574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Deep Eutectic Electrolyte Induces S3 - Radicals to Enhance Reaction Kinetics for Solid-State Lithium-Sulfur Batteries. 深共晶电解质诱导S3 -自由基增强固态锂硫电池反应动力学。

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202509448

Le Wang,Cheng Ding,Yan Lu,Xiaoyang Wei,Kaiying Shi,Jiaxin Wu,Huayan Huang,Huihui Yuan,Jun Jin,Zhaoyin Wen

{"title":"Deep Eutectic Electrolyte Induces S3 - Radicals to Enhance Reaction Kinetics for Solid-State Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.","authors":"Le Wang,Cheng Ding,Yan Lu,Xiaoyang Wei,Kaiying Shi,Jiaxin Wu,Huayan Huang,Huihui Yuan,Jun Jin,Zhaoyin Wen","doi":"10.1002/smll.202509448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202509448","url":null,"abstract":"Solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries (SSLSBs) hold immense promise for next-generation energy storage due to their high energy density and enhanced safety. However, their practical application is hindered by sluggish reaction kinetics and poor reversibility of the sulfur cathode. This work introduces a multifunctional catholyte interlayer capable of inducing the generation of highly active S3 •- radical: a carbon nanotube (CNTs) coating supporting TiN nanoparticles, infiltrated with a 1,2-dimethylimidazole (DMIm) based deep eutectic electrolyte (DEE). The flexible CNTs matrix ensures tight contact between the sulfur cathode and the solid-state electrolyte (SSE), facilitating efficient charge transport. TiN nanoparticles strongly adsorb lithium polysulfides (LiPSs). Crucially, the highly polar DEE promotes the generation and stabilization of S3 •- radical intermediates, providing additional reaction pathways, thereby improving sulfur utilization and accelerating kinetics. Consequently, the SSLSBs achieve stable operation for over 1300 cycles at 0.2 C and maintain a high capacity of 929.7 mAh g-1 at 1.5 C. This work provides an effective strategy for strengthening the SSE/sulfur cathode interface and accelerating reaction kinetics in SSLSBs.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"68 1","pages":"e09448"},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145189037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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