Ceramics International最新文献

{"title":"Vacuum-free electric arc synthesis of biomass-derived molybdenum carbide as hydrogen evolution catalysts","authors":"Yuliya Vassilyeva,&nbsp;Zhanar Bolatova,&nbsp;Yulia Li,&nbsp;Pavel Povalyaev,&nbsp;Yulia Neklya,&nbsp;Timofey Shlyakhov,&nbsp;Alexander Pak","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.02.067","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.02.067","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of low-cost, efficient, and sustainable electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is crucial for advancing green hydrogen production. This study presents a novel vacuum-free electric arc synthesis of molybdenum carbide (Mo₂C) using carbon derived from various biomass wastes (straw, willow leaves, leaf mixture, cedar chips, and rubber) as a sustainable carbon precursor. The optimal synthesis parameters were determined to be an arc discharge time of 120 s, a current of 100 A, and a 40% carbon excess, yielding nearly pure Mo₂C powder with lattice parameters a – (4.749 ± 0.013) Å, b – (6.003 ± 0.012) Å, c – (5.234 ± 0.020) Å. Among the biomass sources, straw pyrolyzed at 600 °C provided the highest content of the Mo₂C crystalline phase. The electrocatalytic performance of the synthesized materials was evaluated in both acidic and alkaline media. The Mo₂C derived from cedar chips exhibited the best HER activity in 0.5 M H₂SO₄, with an overpotential of 0.334 V at 10 mA cm⁻² and a Tafel slope of 117 mV dec⁻¹. The pure Mo₂C catalysts showed moderate activity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"52 10","pages":"Pages 14298-14306"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147636218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Waterjet-laser pretreatment assisted micro-milling of ZrO2: regulating HAZ machinability for large-aspect ratio microgroove fabrication","authors":"Tianhao Huang ,&nbsp;Jinjin Han ,&nbsp;Kexin Song ,&nbsp;Yunxia Guo ,&nbsp;Linglei Kong ,&nbsp;Kai Ding ,&nbsp;Qilin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.02.074","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.02.074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Zirconia (ZrO₂) ceramics exhibit high hardness, brittleness, and low thermal conductivity, making the fabrication of large-aspect ratio (LAR) microgrooves challenging due to severe thermal defects during laser machining and rapid tool wear in micro-milling. To address these limitations, this study proposes a hybrid process integrating waterjet-laser pretreatment with precision micro-milling, and systematically investigates how the pretreatment modifies the heat-affected zone (HAZ), alters material machinability, and facilitates high-quality LAR microgroove fabrication. Experimental results demonstrate that the waterjet-laser interaction significantly suppresses thermal accumulation, reduces HAZ microhardness by approximately 30%, and minimizes recast layers and microcracks within the HAZ. As a result, milling forces are reduced by 10.9-26.5% compared with the ZrO₂ matrix, promoting more stable and ductile-dominated material removal during subsequent micro-milling. In the fabrication of ZrO₂ LAR microgrooves, the proposed method achieves an aspect ratio of 2.26 with a 33.1% improvement in machining efficiency, while delivering superior surface quality (Sa = 0.453 μm, 45% lower than that obtained by conventional micro-milling) and significantly mitigating tool wear and edge chipping. These results demonstrate that waterjet-laser pretreatment provides an effective and scalable pathway for improving machinability and overcoming key engineering bottlenecks in ceramic microstructure manufacturing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"52 10","pages":"Pages 14369-14383"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147636389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biosynthesis of tetragonal ZrO2 nanoparticles using Andrographis paniculata leaf extract for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue","authors":"Rahul Mandal ,&nbsp;Biplab Kumar Mandal ,&nbsp;Analabha Roy ,&nbsp;Chirantan Kar ,&nbsp;Rahul Das","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.02.085","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.02.085","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing toxicity of groundwater, attributed to organic dye contamination, poses a significant threat to the environment. This study investigates the structural and optical properties of <em>Andrographis paniculata</em> leaf extract-based biosynthesized tetragonal phase zirconium oxide nanoparticles for photocatalytic removal of methylene blue dye. The purity of these synthesized nanoparticles was confirmed through compositional analysis using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Transmission electron microscopy was employed to visualize the size, shape, and morphology of the synthesized particles. Structural characteristics were determined by conducting Rietveld analysis of X-ray diffraction data using the FullProf Suite. The optical band gap, measured to be 4.18 eV, was estimated using UV-Vis spectroscopy. This optical band gap was utilized to investigate the refractive index and to determine the edge potentials of the conduction band and valence band in comparison to various redox potentials, thereby elucidating the mechanism of methylene blue dye degradation. Furthermore, theoretical investigations, including structural optimization, elastic stiffness constants, electronic band structures, and optical band gap, were conducted using the density functional theory algorithm implemented in the Quantum Espresso software.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"52 10","pages":"Pages 14463-14475"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147636453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of solid loading on the electrical properties of PZT-based porous piezoelectric ceramics produced by DIW 3D printing","authors":"Xingyu Wang ,&nbsp;Song Lv ,&nbsp;Xulin Hu ,&nbsp;Jiageng Xu ,&nbsp;Yu Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.02.103","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.02.103","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Compared with conventional dry-pressing and sintering, which can yield high densification but are limited in constructing complex architectures, Direct ink writing (DIW) offers greater structural design flexibility. In this work, Gd/Sr co-doped PZT ceramics (Pb_0.97Gd_0.01Sr_0.02Zr_0.53Ti_0.47O₃) were selected as the research material. Slurries with varying solid loadings (78–81 wt%) were prepared, and ceramic samples with a special lattice structure were fabricated via DIW, followed by binder burnout and sintering. The microstructure, electrical properties, and thermal characteristics of the samples were systematically analyzed to explore the effects of solid loading on printing stability, densification, and electrical performance. The results show that increasing the solid loading significantly promotes ceramic densification and enhances polarization response. The sample with 80 wt% solid loading exhibited the optimal performance, achieving a high relative density of 94%, <em>d</em>₃₃ of 302 pC/N, <em>k</em>_p of 0.517, <em>Q</em>_m of 53.17, and a slightly increased <em>T</em>_C of 345 °C. This composition displayed a well-defined domain structure and superior polarization alignment, confirming the synergistic improvement in microstructure and electromechanical coupling. Using the optimized 80 wt% composition, complex PZT architectures were reliably printed with excellent fidelity, establishing a clear solid-loading–microstructure–performance correlation and confirming the feasibility of DIW for functional piezoelectric devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"52 10","pages":"Pages 14660-14669"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147636486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the dynamic integrity of ruthenium oxide nanoparticles using a shock tube: An integrated experimental and DFT study","authors":"Surendhar Sakthivel ,&nbsp;Sivaprakash Paramasivam ,&nbsp;Martin Britto Dhas Sathyadhas Amalapushpam ,&nbsp;Aravindan Vivekanandan ,&nbsp;Jithesh Ramakrishnan Kannan ,&nbsp;Tobias Hermann ,&nbsp;Ikhyun Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.02.116","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.02.116","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the present work, the structural, morphological, molecular, optical, and catalytic features of RuO₂ were evaluated for their stability using a tabletop shock tube and compared with results from density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Based on the XRD patterns that were obtained, it was discovered that the average crystalline sizes for the control, 200, and 400 shocked RuO₂ nanoparticles were 22.8, 23.7, and 23.6 nm, respectively. RuO₂ remained morphologically stable after 400 shocks, and the calculated average grain sizes were 26.98, 24.52, and 25.66 nm. The molecular stability of the nanoparticles was assessed by FTIR, and the results suggest there were no major changes in the RuO₂ NPs. XPS analysis confirmed the chemical stability of RuO₂ under dynamic shock conditions, with Ru maintaining its predominant Ru⁴⁺ oxidation state and showing negligible variation in the oxygen environment. Methylene Blue dye was used with the control and shock-treated RuO₂ NPs as a catalyst to evaluate the photo-assisted degradation activity under sunlight exposure. The RuO₂ NPs exhibited excellent stability under these extreme conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"52 10","pages":"Pages 14809-14822"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147636640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical Chemistry of Ceramic Materials 2024 (PCCM-2024)","authors":"Raimundas Šiaučiūnas ,&nbsp;Kęstutis Baltakys ,&nbsp;Barbara Lothenbach ,&nbsp;Andrei Rotaru","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.03.100","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.03.100","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"52 10","pages":"Page 15061"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147636641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimized composite lime cement plasters with phase change materials for enhanced building energy efficiency and comfort","authors":"Tina Skalar ,&nbsp;Mateja Dovjak ,&nbsp;Marjan Marinšek ,&nbsp;Nataša Čelan Korošin ,&nbsp;Violeta Bokan Bosiljkov ,&nbsp;Petra Štukovnik","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.06.277","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.06.277","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the potential of phase change materials (PCMs) integrated into advanced lime-cement plaster composites to improve the thermal performance of traditional building envelopes while preserving their physical and mechanical properties. The research was conducted in two phases, combining microstructural analysis with large-scale field testing to bridge the gap between material development and practical application. Three types of plaster were investigated: a lime-cement plaster without PCM additives and two composites with 20 and 30 percent PCM by volume. The addition of PCM significantly increased the latent heat storage capacity of the plaster and enabled efficient phase transitions within a narrow and practical temperature range. This improvement in the thermal performance was achieved without compromising the structural integrity of the plaster. Cycling tests demonstrated the durability and reliability of the reversible phase transitions during repeated melting and solidification processes. The microscopic analysis confirmed the uniform distribution of the PCM microcapsules in the plaster matrix, a critical factor in maintaining a consistent thermal performance of the material. The study also investigated the effects of the PCM-enhanced plasters on indoor thermal comfort. The results of thermal comfort showed that the studied PCM composites maintained the indoor air temperature within the comfort range for 43.7 % of the observation period, compared to 33.9 % when using conventional materials. Additionally, the PCM composites used 1.1 times less energy than the reference plaster. Overall, this research highlights the significant potential of the PCM-integrated lime-cement plasters as innovative building materials capable of improving thermal properties without compromising mechanical strength. This study presents valuable insights for the development of sustainable, energy-efficient solutions for traditional buildings that meet modern demands for environmentally conscious and resilient building practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"52 10","pages":"Pages 15139-15149"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147636648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic optimization of microwave characteristics in Yb-Sn-Cu Co-doped yttrium iron garnet: Tailoring magnetic and dielectric properties","authors":"Yuhao Sun ,&nbsp;Youyi Wang ,&nbsp;Xuanting Rong ,&nbsp;Shuai Chen ,&nbsp;Yangyang Qian ,&nbsp;Yanhui Wu ,&nbsp;Hui Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.02.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.02.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the rapid advancement of modern telecommunication technology, a surging requirement for high-performance microwave materials emerges. Yttrium iron garnet (YIG, Y₃Fe₅O₁₂) is the basic material of microwave devices, and its property optimization has become a focal research direction in materials science. In this study, YIG samples co-doped with Yb, Sn and Cu were prepared by solid phase reaction method, and the chemical formula is Y_3-xYb_xFe_4.8Cu_0.1Sn_0.1O₁₂(x = 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20). Besides, the impact of doping on YIG microstructure and performance was studied through various testing methods. The results demonstrated that Yb³⁺, Sn⁴⁺, and Cu²⁺ were successfully doped into the YIG lattice. Specifically, Cu²⁺-Sn⁴⁺ replaced the Fe³⁺ ions at the octahedral sites, and Yb³⁺ entered the dodecahedron and replaced the Y³⁺ ions at the dodecahedral sites, altering the lattice parameters and microstructure of YIG. Regarding the magnetic characteristics, as the content of Yb increased, saturation magnetization, ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) linewidth, and permeability initially decreased and subsequently increased. When the doping concentration was x = 0.15, the FMR linewidth attained its minimum value of 39 Oe, and the saturation magnetization also reached a minimum of 25.3 emu/g. In terms of dielectric properties, the dielectric constant initially declined and then rose as the value of doping concentration increased, reaching a minimum value of 17.01 at x = 0.15. The dielectric loss reached its minimum with the doping concentration being x = 0.15. Overall, this study provides a practical method for preparing high-performance YIG for microwave devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"52 10","pages":"Pages 13820-13828"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147636712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of iron borides on electrical conductivity in steel-clad/ceramic-core wires: An EIS analysis","authors":"Hafız Muhammad Numan Zafar ,&nbsp;Fehmi Nair ,&nbsp;Abdul Niaz","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.02.035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.02.035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Deformation processed single/multi-core filamentary composite wires are widely used in the medical, manufacturing and nuclear fields. Although various studies report the synthesis and mechanical superiorities of boriding, their influence on the electrical behavior is not studied – largely due to incompatibility of the 4 PP testing method and the clad-core design of the wires. This study reports the influence of increasing ceramic content (10-15 vol% B₄C and borides 57.4-97.8 vol % Fe₂B) on the electrical impedance of the single-core 1 mm ceramic wires using electrical impedance spectroscopy. The electrical signals were carefully analyzed to see how the design, content, stage of manufacturing (pre- or post-boriding) and microstructure of the wires influence the electrical impedance. Results showed that while ceramic inclusions (B₄C), non-sintered inter-particle boundaries (Fe), and enhanced grain density increase the impedance with dominant resistive character, boriding treatment recrystallizes sheath grains and sinters the Fe particles resulting in reduced impendence at 1 Hz and 1 kHz incident voltage. However, at 1 MHz, rapid alteration of voltage poles enforces dielectric response in the wire components (borides, sintered and non-sintered Fe particles) with different electrical properties causing wires to dominate capacitive character.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"52 10","pages":"Pages 13934-13944"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147636715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the infrared femtosecond laser ablation behavior and mechanism of pressureless sintered silicon carbide ceramics","authors":"Xiaozhu Chen ,&nbsp;Congyi Wu ,&nbsp;Youmin Rong ,&nbsp;Guojun Zhang ,&nbsp;Yu Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.02.046","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.02.046","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pressureless sintered silicon carbide (PS-SiC) ceramics are critical for optical and electronic components, yet their ablation mechanism under infrared femtosecond (IR-fs) laser irradiation remains unclear. This study investigates the ablation threshold, incubation effect, and micro-structural evolution of PS-SiC. Using the area epitaxy method, the ablation threshold was found to decrease from 4.97 J/cm² to 1.49 J/cm² as cumulative pulses increased from 1 to 100, yielding an incubation factor of 0.73. Due to the wide bandgap of SiC, the photon energy of the IR laser is insufficient to induce photochemical decomposition of the Si-C bond, and the photothermal effect mainly drives the ablation of PS-SiC ceramics. The Si, SiO₂, and C products formed from the thermal decomposition of PS-SiC ceramics are deposited on the ablated region's surface, accompanied by phase transformations of amorphous carbon to graphite and amorphous α-Si to crystalline c-Si. Furthermore, Laser-Inuced Periodic Surface Structures (LIPSS) are formed via Surface Plasmon Polaritons (SPPs). The study establishes the mapping relationship between pulse parameters and LIPSS morphology, identifying the process window for the transition from High (HSFL) to Low Spatial Frequency LIPSS (LSFL).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"52 10","pages":"Pages 14059-14073"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147636770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}