Gang Xu, Xiao Cheng, Jiexin Wu, Weiguo Wang, Zhen Wang, Song Chen
{"title":"Effect of Coherent Twin Boundary on High Temperature Creep Property of 321SS Without Titanium Stabilization Treatment","authors":"Gang Xu, Xiao Cheng, Jiexin Wu, Weiguo Wang, Zhen Wang, Song Chen","doi":"10.1007/s11041-026-01181-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11041-026-01181-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study used commercial 321 stainless steel plates as raw materials and subjected them to Grain boundary engineering (GBE) treatment. It was observed that the length proportion of low Σ value coincidence site lattice boundaries (Σ3 + Σ9 + Σ27) increased from 39.3% before GBE treatment to 75.9% after GBE treatment, with the proportion of coherent Σ3 boundaries rising from 26.2% to 58.1%. Creep tests were conducted on samples without titanium stabilization treatment under various stress conditions at 550°C. The results indicated that the high-temperature creep life of the material improved by more than 70% following GBE treatment. Electron backscatter diffraction and nano-indentation analysis showed that the creep stress concentration at coherent twin boundaries (CTBs) is lower than that at random grain boundaries, reducing the likelihood of creep voids or cracks forming at CTBs. Furthermore, CTBs have a suppressive effect on the propagation of grain boundary cracks. The results of this study are significant for advancing our understanding of the role of CTBs in the high-temperature creep deformation of face-centered cubic metals without precipitated phases.</p>","PeriodicalId":701,"journal":{"name":"Metal Science and Heat Treatment","volume":"67 7-8","pages":"444 - 454"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147560491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. K. Tishkov, Y. Aldaiee, V. E. Nikulin, V. A. Karkhin, S. G. Parshin, A. M. Levchenko
{"title":"Effect of Phase Transformations on Thermal and Mechanical Processes in Welding of Low-Alloy Steel","authors":"M. K. Tishkov, Y. Aldaiee, V. E. Nikulin, V. A. Karkhin, S. G. Parshin, A. M. Levchenko","doi":"10.1007/s11041-026-01199-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11041-026-01199-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A method for situating the thermal and mechanical processes in arc welding of steel with allowance for phase transformations is suggested. The method is based on calculating the properties of the steel, which depend on the temperature, on the actual fractions of phases of the microstructure and on the influence functions of every main phase. Using an example of underwater wet welding of shipbuilding steel, it is shown that low-temperature decomposition of austenite leads to a sharp decrease in residual stresses in the weld. The residual longitudinal stresses in the heat-affected zone reach the yield point. The coincidence of the calculated and experimental distributions of the temperature and of the residual stresses is satisfactory.</p>","PeriodicalId":701,"journal":{"name":"Metal Science and Heat Treatment","volume":"67 7-8","pages":"596 - 606"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147560463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Structure and Deformability of Alloys Assisted by Pulse Current","authors":"V. V. Stolyarov","doi":"10.1007/s11041-026-01190-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11041-026-01190-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Works performed in the last decade on electroplastic deformation in metallic materials based on titanium, aluminum and TiNi compound, which differ in the electrical conductivity, are reviewed. The modes and operating parameters of electric current, practical methods of its introduction into materials under different deformation schemes are considered. The structural changes caused by the combined action of deformation and current, the influence of structural features on the electroplastic effect, the changes in the physical, mechanical and process properties of materials subjected to plastic deformation under current, and the potential and actual applications of the electroplastic effect are analyzed. The growing interest of researchers in application of the method of electroplastic deformation to shape memory alloys, ultrafine-grained and nanostructured alloys is demonstrated. Original examples of practical application of pulse current in the processes of drawing and microstamping are presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":701,"journal":{"name":"Metal Science and Heat Treatment","volume":"67 7-8","pages":"521 - 529"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147559285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. V. Narygina, N. A. Popov, A. S. Boyarkin, K. I. Lugovaya, A. A. Popov, I. A. Korelin
{"title":"Features of Structure Formation, Phase Composition, and Properties in Near-α-Titanium Alloys of the Ti – Al – Zr – Sn – Ta – Si System","authors":"I. V. Narygina, N. A. Popov, A. S. Boyarkin, K. I. Lugovaya, A. A. Popov, I. A. Korelin","doi":"10.1007/s11041-026-01194-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11041-026-01194-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Phase and structural transformations in near-α-titanium alloys Ti – 9Al – 4Zr – 3Sn – 5Ta – (0,15Si) under quenching and subsequent aging or tempering are investigated. Electron microscope and x-ray diffraction phase analyses are performed and compressive mechanical tests of samples of titanium alloys are conducted. The properties of the samples are compared after various modes of heat treatment. The effect of silicon addition on the structure of the alloys after quenching and aging is determined. The effect of quenching from the double-phase (α + β) range and 300-h aging at 650°C on the properties of the titanium alloys is shown to be positive. It is established that additional alloying with silicon raises the strength level after quenching due to solid-solution hardening, but aging does not raise noticeably the precipitation hardening of the alloy due to the low fraction of the precipitated silicides.</p>","PeriodicalId":701,"journal":{"name":"Metal Science and Heat Treatment","volume":"67 7-8","pages":"551 - 558"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147559284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sunil Kumar Yadav, Mohd Zaheer Khan Yusufzai, Sanjay Mishra, D. K. Singh
{"title":"Effect of Interpass Temperature During Multipass Friction Stir Welding on Mechanical Properties of Age Hardened AA2024-T4 Aluminum Alloy Welded Joints","authors":"Sunil Kumar Yadav, Mohd Zaheer Khan Yusufzai, Sanjay Mishra, D. K. Singh","doi":"10.1007/s11041-026-01201-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11041-026-01201-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The effect of temperature on the mechanical properties of age hardened AA2024-T4 aluminum alloy during multipass friction stir welding is studied. Two different welding process modes are used. In the first mode, multiple passes were performed continuously, while in the second mode, multiple passes were carried out with a cooling period after each pass, allowing the samples to cool down before the next pass. A thermal imaging camera is used to continuously record the temperature change during welding and the subsequent cooling of the welded plates. Tensile tests, microhardness measurements, and microstructure analysis using scanning electron microscopy of welded joints are performed to evaluate the effect of temperature variations during multiple-pass welding on the mechanical properties of heat-treatable AA2024-T4 aluminum alloy.</p>","PeriodicalId":701,"journal":{"name":"Metal Science and Heat Treatment","volume":"67 7-8","pages":"616 - 622"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147559273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. A. Naumov, A. D. Mikulenko, N. A. Golubkov, S. Yu. Kondrat’ev
{"title":"Effect of Friction Stir Spot Welding Process Parameters on the Quality of Aluminum Alloy Sheet Joints: Simulation and Experiment","authors":"A. A. Naumov, A. D. Mikulenko, N. A. Golubkov, S. Yu. Kondrat’ev","doi":"10.1007/s11041-026-01200-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11041-026-01200-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The effect of parameters of friction stir spot welding process on the quality of 2-mm-thick sheet joints of AMg5 (5056), AD35T1 (6082), V95AT1 (7075), and D16AT (2024) alloys is studied. Using a verified computer model, the temperature fields formed during the welding are analyzed. The model has been created in the DEFORM 2D/3D software package for simulating processes of pressure treatment of metals. The microstructure is studied and mechanical properties are determined during tensile tests of the welded joints. Practical recommendations for the use of friction stir spot welding to produce thin-sheet joints from heat-hardening and not heat-hardening aluminum alloys are formulated.</p>","PeriodicalId":701,"journal":{"name":"Metal Science and Heat Treatment","volume":"67 7-8","pages":"607 - 615"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147559264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of Development of Domestic and Foreign Heat-Resistant Bearing Steels for Aircraft Engines and of Methods of their Heat Hardening. Part 1","authors":"T. M. Pugacheva","doi":"10.1007/s11041-026-01182-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11041-026-01182-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Development of domestic and foreign heat-resistant roller-bearing steels used in aircraft engines is reviewed. The works on improving the grade composition, melting technology and heat hardening of bearing steels are considered depending on elevation of the rotation speed and of the heating temperatures of aircraft engine gas turbine parts including the driveshaft in order to meet the progressively tightening requirements for them. It is noted that data on the developments in foreign practice are virtually absent in the domestic literature. The first part of the review is devoted to changes in the grade compositions of heat-resistant bearing steels for aircraft engines, and methods of their heat treatment are analyzed in chronological order. The corresponding microstructures and hardness values are presented. The second part of the review will be devoted to heat-resistant bearing steels used in modern high-speed aircraft engines.</p>","PeriodicalId":701,"journal":{"name":"Metal Science and Heat Treatment","volume":"67 7-8","pages":"455 - 461"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147559263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Liang, J. Zhao, Y. B. Tian, J. Han, Z. Z. Dong, X. Zhang
{"title":"Microstructure and Properties of Ti–V– Al – Zr Lightweight High-Temperature Shape Memory Alloy Fabricated by Arc-Based Additive Manufacturing","authors":"G. Liang, J. Zhao, Y. B. Tian, J. Han, Z. Z. Dong, X. Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s11041-026-01193-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11041-026-01193-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The microstructure, martensitic transformation temperatures, mechanical properties and shape memory effect of arc-based additive manufacturing Ti – 14.1V – 9.4Al – 6Zr (at.%) light high-temperature shape memory alloy were systematically studied. The research findings indicated that the Ti – 14.1V – 9.4Al – 6Zr alloy consists of α″ martensitic phase and a small quantity of β phase, and the content of the β phase increases with the augmentation of the number of deposited layers. The martensitic transformation temperature rises continuously with the increase in the number of deposited layers. The mechanical properties differ among various regions of the alloy. The top region of the alloy displays the highest elongation, attaining 15%. Through the investigation of its shape memory effect, it was observed that complete recovery occurs at a pre-strain of 3.4%. When the pre-strain is 3.8%, the middle region and the bottom region recover completely.</p>","PeriodicalId":701,"journal":{"name":"Metal Science and Heat Treatment","volume":"67 7-8","pages":"544 - 550"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147559269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of Development of Domestic and Foreign Heat-Resistant Bearing Steels for Aircraft Engines and of Methods of Their Heat Hardening. Part 2","authors":"T. M. Pugacheva","doi":"10.1007/s11041-026-01191-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11041-026-01191-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The first part of the review concerned the chronology of the development of heat-resistant bearing steels for aircraft engines. Heat-resistant bearing steels used in modern high-speed aircraft engines are analyzed in the second part. To increase the resistance of rings to cracking under high circumferential stresses, these steels are subjected to a thermochemical treatment (carburizing, nitriding) or to a duplex process combining a conventional heat or thermochemical treatment with subsequent nitriding. It is shown that a promising direction for advancing aircraft engine bearing steels is creation of hybrid bearings combining ceramic rolling components and duplex-hardened steel rings. The review presents data on the chemical composition, microstructure, hard-ness, fatigue life and recommended operating temperatures for each steel.</p>","PeriodicalId":701,"journal":{"name":"Metal Science and Heat Treatment","volume":"67 7-8","pages":"530 - 534"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147559270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evolution of Microstructure and Properties of Al Wires after Drawing Deformation and Annealing","authors":"Lin Chen, Meigui Ou, Yilong Liang, Yu Liang","doi":"10.1007/s11041-026-01195-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11041-026-01195-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The evolution of the microstructure (grain size, texture and dislocation density, etc.) was studied by the electron backscatter diffraction method, and its effect on the mechanical and electrical properties of aluminum wire after drawing with different degrees of deformation and subsequent annealing at 315°C for 1.5 h was investigated. It was found that with an increase in the degree of deformation of the aluminum wire, the grain size and the Schmidt factor (SF) in the structure decrease, the preferred orientation of <span>(langle 111rangle )</span> is formed, and the dislocation density and yield strength (YS) increase. After annealing, the <span>(langle 111rangle )</span> crystalline orientation disappears, the grain size and SF value increase, the dislocation density decreases, which leads to an increase in the elongation (EL) and electrical conductivity (EC) of the material. The highest set of properties of the wire is achieved after a deformation of 70% (YS = 142.81 MPa, EL = 7.34% and EC = 61.36% IACS). Although YS decreases after annealing, EL and EC increase by 113% and 1.5%, respectively. Quantitative calculation of the contribution of various strengthening effects (fine grain, dislocation and texture strengthening) showed that grain refinement strengthening makes a significant contribution (up to 57%) to the YS of aluminum wire.</p>","PeriodicalId":701,"journal":{"name":"Metal Science and Heat Treatment","volume":"67 7-8","pages":"559 - 567"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147559272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}