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Microstructure and Properties of Cu – Cr – Zr Alloys After Plastic Deformation and Aging 塑性变形和老化后铜-铬-锆合金的显微结构和性能
IF 0.6 4区 材料科学
Metal Science and Heat Treatment Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1007/s11041-024-01057-7
A. I. Bodyakova, R. V. Mishnev, R. O. Kaibyshev
{"title":"Microstructure and Properties of Cu – Cr – Zr Alloys After Plastic Deformation and Aging","authors":"A. I. Bodyakova,&nbsp;R. V. Mishnev,&nbsp;R. O. Kaibyshev","doi":"10.1007/s11041-024-01057-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11041-024-01057-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The microstructure of alloys of the Cu – Cr – Zr system after equal channel angular pressing and aging is investigated by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Mechanical properties and electrical conductivity are determined. Recovery and additional precipitation of dispersed particles are observed in deformed alloys after annealing at temperatures of 200 – 500°C, but static recrystallization does not develop. Increasing the annealing temperature to 600°C is accompanied by development of recrystallization, and a completely recrystallized structure is observed within the alloy with a minimum content of alloying elements, while deformed areas are found in alloys with a high content of chromium and zirconium. The influence of structural evolution on mechanical properties and electrical conductivity is discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":701,"journal":{"name":"Metal Science and Heat Treatment","volume":"66 5-6","pages":"343 - 354"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Production of Medical Titanium Alloys with a Reduced Modulus of Elasticity by Selective Laser Melting. Review 通过选择性激光熔化生产弹性模量降低的医用钛合金。回顾
IF 0.6 4区 材料科学
Metal Science and Heat Treatment Pub Date : 2024-10-13 DOI: 10.1007/s11041-024-01058-6
V. V. Sokolova, I. A. Polozov, A. A. Popovich
{"title":"Production of Medical Titanium Alloys with a Reduced Modulus of Elasticity by Selective Laser Melting. Review","authors":"V. V. Sokolova,&nbsp;I. A. Polozov,&nbsp;A. A. Popovich","doi":"10.1007/s11041-024-01058-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11041-024-01058-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Various systems of biocompatible alloys (mainly based on Ti – Nb and Ti – Ta systems), used for medical purposes, were considered. The specifics of the production of such alloys by selective laser melting have been analyzed. The potential of future use of additive technologies for the creation of high-quality, safe material using β-titanium powder alloys for medical products with enhanced performance characteristics is discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":701,"journal":{"name":"Metal Science and Heat Treatment","volume":"66 5-6","pages":"355 - 364"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of High-Temperature Tempering on the Deformation Behavior of 38G2F Steel 高温回火对 38G2F 钢变形行为的影响
IF 0.6 4区 材料科学
Metal Science and Heat Treatment Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.1007/s11041-024-01054-w
V. A. Khotinov, A. B. Ovsyannikov, A. V. Kuz’mina, V. M. Farber
{"title":"Effect of High-Temperature Tempering on the Deformation Behavior of 38G2F Steel","authors":"V. A. Khotinov,&nbsp;A. B. Ovsyannikov,&nbsp;A. V. Kuz’mina,&nbsp;V. M. Farber","doi":"10.1007/s11041-024-01054-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11041-024-01054-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We study the structure and mechanical properties of 38G2F structural steel after quenching and high-temperature isothermal tempering of different durations. By analyzing the stress-strain diagrams in conventional and true coordinates, we reveal specific features of the deformation behavior of samples on the yield plateau and in the uniform stage of deformation. We also analyze the influence of the distribution of strain component ε<sub><i>yy</i></sub> along the working part of the sample on the variations of strength and plastic characteristics of steel in different stages/periods of tension.</p>","PeriodicalId":701,"journal":{"name":"Metal Science and Heat Treatment","volume":"66 5-6","pages":"323 - 329"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Specific Features of the Structure and Fracture of the Inconel 718 Alloy Prepared by the Method of Electron-Beam Melting 电子束熔炼法制备的铬镍铁合金 718 的结构和断裂的具体特征
IF 0.6 4区 材料科学
Metal Science and Heat Treatment Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.1007/s11041-024-01051-z
A. Yu. Zhilyakov, D. V. Pyrin, D. S. Popkova, M. A. Zhilyakova, S. V. Belikov, E. N. Popova
{"title":"Specific Features of the Structure and Fracture of the Inconel 718 Alloy Prepared by the Method of Electron-Beam Melting","authors":"A. Yu. Zhilyakov,&nbsp;D. V. Pyrin,&nbsp;D. S. Popkova,&nbsp;M. A. Zhilyakova,&nbsp;S. V. Belikov,&nbsp;E. N. Popova","doi":"10.1007/s11041-024-01051-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11041-024-01051-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We study Inconel 718 refractory alloy produced by using different modes of electron beam melting. The phase composition and specific features of the microstructure of alloy are analyzed both in the initial state and after hardening heat treatment. The fracture surfaces of the samples of alloy are analyzed after uniaxial tensile tests. It is shown that the fracture of the material occurs according to the ductile mechanism. However, fracture surfaces contain significant amounts of defects in the form of unmolten areas and porosity, which is typical of the products obtained by using additive technologies from powder materials. It is shown that the fracture of the analyzed alloy is provoked by the presence of unmolten areas and intermetallic particles of the δ-phase in the structure.</p>","PeriodicalId":701,"journal":{"name":"Metal Science and Heat Treatment","volume":"66 5-6","pages":"303 - 311"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Alloying of Industrial Aluminum Alloys with Scandium 用钪合金化工业铝合金
IF 0.6 4区 材料科学
Metal Science and Heat Treatment Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1007/s11041-024-01056-8
V. V. Zakharov
{"title":"Alloying of Industrial Aluminum Alloys with Scandium","authors":"V. V. Zakharov","doi":"10.1007/s11041-024-01056-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11041-024-01056-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Use of scandium as an alloying element in aluminum alloys is considered. The choice of component systems (alloys) that it is expedient to alloy with scandium to improve the properties of semi-finished products is substantiated. It is shown that alloying aluminum alloys with scandium to improve their mechanical properties may be effective if certain rules for choosing the chemical composition and temperature-time production parameters are observed during preparation of deformed semi-finished products.</p>","PeriodicalId":701,"journal":{"name":"Metal Science and Heat Treatment","volume":"66 5-6","pages":"338 - 342"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Spiral Substructures of Nanowires Determined by the Universal Building Unit (Tetrablock) 由通用构建单元（四元组）确定的纳米线螺旋亚结构
IF 0.6 4区 材料科学
Metal Science and Heat Treatment Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1007/s11041-024-01052-y
A. L. Talis, V. S. Kraposhin
{"title":"Spiral Substructures of Nanowires Determined by the Universal Building Unit (Tetrablock)","authors":"A. L. Talis,&nbsp;V. S. Kraposhin","doi":"10.1007/s11041-024-01052-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11041-024-01052-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>On the example of linear substructures of Mn modifications, we show two types of spirals formed by tetrablocks assembled along their sides, namely, seven-vertex unions of four tetrahedra. Experimental data that confirm the existence of spiral packings of this kind in the structures of metallic nanowires are discussed. The noncrystallographic symmetry of the spiral packing of tetrablocks enables us to adequately describe the crystalline and noncrystalline tetrahedral structures that are also present in densely packed metals.</p>","PeriodicalId":701,"journal":{"name":"Metal Science and Heat Treatment","volume":"66 5-6","pages":"312 - 316"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Strain Hardening of 1565ch, AMg6, 01570, and 1580 Aluminum Alloys in the Process of Cold Rolling of Plates 在板材冷轧过程中 1565ch、AMg6、01570 和 1580 铝合金的应变硬化
IF 0.6 4区 材料科学
Metal Science and Heat Treatment Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1007/s11041-024-01050-0
S. M. Sosedkov, A. M. Drits, V. Yu. Aryshenskiy, V. V. Yashin
{"title":"Strain Hardening of 1565ch, AMg6, 01570, and 1580 Aluminum Alloys in the Process of Cold Rolling of Plates","authors":"S. M. Sosedkov,&nbsp;A. M. Drits,&nbsp;V. Yu. Aryshenskiy,&nbsp;V. V. Yashin","doi":"10.1007/s11041-024-01050-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11041-024-01050-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We study the phenomenon of strain hardening of 1565ch and AMg6 aluminum alloys of the Al – Mg system with high magnesium contents and 01570 and 1580 alloys with additions of scandium in the process of cold rolling of plates. We plot hardening curves approximated by the well-known empirical expressions in the form of power functions constructed with an accuracy sufficient for the engineering calculations of the characteristics of strength within the range of total relative compressions 0 – 35%. It was shown that, in the alloys alloyed with scandium, the phenomenon of hardening observed in the course of cold rolling is weaker than in alloys without scandium.</p>","PeriodicalId":701,"journal":{"name":"Metal Science and Heat Treatment","volume":"66 5-6","pages":"299 - 302"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Principles for Creating Aluminum-Based Alloys Sparingly Alloyed with Scandium 创建少量钪合金化铝基合金的原则
IF 0.6 4区 材料科学
Metal Science and Heat Treatment Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1007/s11041-024-01049-7
V. V. Zakharov, I. A. Fisenko, T. M. Kunyavskaya
{"title":"Principles for Creating Aluminum-Based Alloys Sparingly Alloyed with Scandium","authors":"V. V. Zakharov,&nbsp;I. A. Fisenko,&nbsp;T. M. Kunyavskaya","doi":"10.1007/s11041-024-01049-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11041-024-01049-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Scientific foundations for creating aluminum alloys sparingly alloyed with scandium are considered. A partial replacement of costly scandium in the Al<sub>3</sub>Sc strengthening phase with another metal is proposed. This results in the formation of an Al<sub>3</sub>(Sc<sub>1–<i>x</i></sub>Me<sub><i>x</i></sub>)-type strengthening phase, which preserves the L1<sub>2</sub> crystal lattice of the Al<sub>3</sub>Sc phase and all its beneficial properties. When creating such materials, complex alloying with transition and rare earth metals is advisable. Such an approach leads to the appearance of Al<sub>3</sub>(Sc<sub>1–<i>x</i>–<i>y</i>–<i>z</i></sub>, Me<sub>1<i>x</i></sub>, Me<sub>2<i>y</i></sub>, Me<sub>3<i>z</i></sub>) phases with an L1<sub>2</sub> lattice, contributing to the formation of a complex supersaturated solid solution. Metals substituting scandium should meet the following two requirements: exhibit sufficient solubility in the Al<sub>3</sub>Sc phase and, at least, some solubility in aluminum.</p>","PeriodicalId":701,"journal":{"name":"Metal Science and Heat Treatment","volume":"66 5-6","pages":"294 - 298"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of Niobium Modification on Solidification and Crystallization Mechanism of Medium-Carbon Cast Steel 铌改性对中碳铸钢凝固和结晶机理的影响
IF 0.6 4区 材料科学
Metal Science and Heat Treatment Pub Date : 2024-10-02 DOI: 10.1007/s11041-024-01039-9
Haitao Wang, Shufeng Sun, Qinyang Wang
{"title":"Effect of Niobium Modification on Solidification and Crystallization Mechanism of Medium-Carbon Cast Steel","authors":"Haitao Wang,&nbsp;Shufeng Sun,&nbsp;Qinyang Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11041-024-01039-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11041-024-01039-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The effect of niobium modification on refinement of primary austenite, shrinkage characteristic, and solidification behavior of medium-carbon cast steel melted in a medium-frequency induction furnace is studied. It is established that the modification with 0.1 wt.% niobium increases the fluidity of the steel liquid, enhances the feeding capacity of the cast steel, turns the dispersed shrinkage porosity into concentrated shrinkage cavity, changes the coarse dendrites to fine ones, even in equiaxed grain structures, and dwindles the primary austenite grain size greatly. Using electron microscopy and energy-dispersive analysis, it is discovered that niobium combines with carbon to form solid phase particles of NbC. These particles are chemically stable at high melting temperatures and facilitate the primary austenite nucleation effectively by non-spontaneous nucleating. A model of matching between the crystal lattices γ-Fe and NbC is suggested. The mechanism of NbC heterogeneous nucleation consists in that the primary austenite grows on {111}<sub>γ-Fe</sub> along to the closest-packed plane {111}<sub>NbC</sub> in crystal orientation <span>({langle 011rangle }_{gamma -mathrm{Fe}}Vert {langle 112rangle }_{mathrm{NbC}})</span>, and the mismatch <span>({updelta }_{{langle 111rangle }_{mathrm{NbC}}}^{{langle 111rangle }_{gamma -mathrm{Fe}}})</span> of the crystal planes is only 9.79%.</p>","PeriodicalId":701,"journal":{"name":"Metal Science and Heat Treatment","volume":"66 3-4","pages":"210 - 218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142409511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of Microstructure on the Fracture Behavior and Fatigue Properties of Drill Pipes from Aluminum Alloys 1953 and 2024 微观结构对 1953 和 2024 铝合金钻杆断裂行为和疲劳性能的影响
IF 0.6 4区 材料科学
Metal Science and Heat Treatment Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1007/s11041-024-01029-x
O. V. Shvetsov, A. D. Alfimov, B. S. Ermakov, S. Yu. Kondrat’ev
{"title":"Effect of Microstructure on the Fracture Behavior and Fatigue Properties of Drill Pipes from Aluminum Alloys 1953 and 2024","authors":"O. V. Shvetsov,&nbsp;A. D. Alfimov,&nbsp;B. S. Ermakov,&nbsp;S. Yu. Kondrat’ev","doi":"10.1007/s11041-024-01029-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11041-024-01029-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The effect of microstructure on fatigue properties and fracture mechanisms in drill pipes made of aluminum alloys 1953 and 2024 (D16) has been studied experimentally. It is shown that the more hardened α-solid solution and the presence of reinforcing intermetallics MgZn<sub>2</sub> and Al<sub>2</sub>CuMg in the structure of alloy 1953 provide more effective resistance to fatigue crack nucleation as compared to alloy 2024 with Al<sub>2</sub>CuMg and Al<sub>2</sub>Cu intermetallics and a less hardened matrix α-solid solution. Accordingly, the fatigue limit of the pipe made of alloy 1953 is 192 MPa, and that of alloy 2024 is 179 MPa. However, the ratio of the fatigue limit to the yield strength of the aluminum alloy 2024 is 40%, while for the 1953 alloy it is 32%. This is explained by a higher fracture toughness of alloy 2024 as compared to 1953, a greater degree of deformation and uniformity of the structure of alloy 2024.</p>","PeriodicalId":701,"journal":{"name":"Metal Science and Heat Treatment","volume":"66 3-4","pages":"130 - 136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142414185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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