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Effect of Cyclic Annealing Mode on Microstructure and Hardness of Structural Steel 50KhFA 循环退火方式对50KhFA结构钢显微组织和硬度的影响
IF 0.5 4区 材料科学
Metal Science and Heat Treatment Pub Date : 2025-07-30 DOI: 10.1007/s11041-025-01130-9
I. D. Pospelov, D. V. Matveeva, Ya. D. Bunina
{"title":"Effect of Cyclic Annealing Mode on Microstructure and Hardness of Structural Steel 50KhFA","authors":"I. D. Pospelov,&nbsp;D. V. Matveeva,&nbsp;Ya. D. Bunina","doi":"10.1007/s11041-025-01130-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11041-025-01130-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The microstructure and the hardness of hot-rolled structural steel 50KhFA (0.50-Cr-V)are studied after the employed and newly developed cyclic annealing modes. It is shown that it is impossible to obtain a 100% granular pearlite structure in hot-rolled steel after annealing from the initial ferrite-pearlite condition with typical distribution of the carbide phases. The suggested novel mode of cyclic annealing is more effective, because it provides a more uniform distribution of granular pearlite over the entire cross-section of the annealed rolled product and a significant decrease in the hardness. The new annealing mode is recommended for metallurgical production.</p>","PeriodicalId":701,"journal":{"name":"Metal Science and Heat Treatment","volume":"67 1-2","pages":"70 - 75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144832288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of Concentration of Clad Graphite Particles on Tribological Properties of Cold-Sprayed Copper-Matrix Coatings 包覆石墨颗粒浓度对冷喷涂铜基涂层摩擦学性能的影响
IF 0.5 4区 材料科学
Metal Science and Heat Treatment Pub Date : 2025-07-30 DOI: 10.1007/s11041-025-01132-7
V. S. Shikalov, A. A. Lushov, T. M. Vidyuk
{"title":"Effect of Concentration of Clad Graphite Particles on Tribological Properties of Cold-Sprayed Copper-Matrix Coatings","authors":"V. S. Shikalov,&nbsp;A. A. Lushov,&nbsp;T. M. Vidyuk","doi":"10.1007/s11041-025-01132-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11041-025-01132-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The structure and tribological properties of self-lubricating Cu – NiP – C coatings deposited on copper substrates by high-pressure cold gas-dynamic spraying are investigated. The coatings are obtained by spraying mixtures of copper and clad graphite powders in an amount of 20, 30 and 40 wt.%. The incorporation of clad particles leads to formation of a lamellar structure and microdefects along the inter-splat boundaries of the copper matrix. Increase in the content of clad particles in the coating causes monotonic growth in its hardness due to shot peening and increases the content of the NiP alloy. Despite the reduction of the coefficient of friction, the wear rate of the composite coatings increases as compared to the pure copper coating. With the increase in the content of clad graphite, the wear mechanism changes from oxidative wear and plastic deformation to delamination and then to abrasive wear.</p>","PeriodicalId":701,"journal":{"name":"Metal Science and Heat Treatment","volume":"67 1-2","pages":"82 - 88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144832287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Thermal Stability of Retained Austenite in Isothermally Hardened Structural Steels 等温淬火结构钢中残余奥氏体的热稳定性
IF 0.5 4区 材料科学
Metal Science and Heat Treatment Pub Date : 2025-07-29 DOI: 10.1007/s11041-025-01123-8
A. Yu. Kaletin, Yu. V. Kaletina
{"title":"Thermal Stability of Retained Austenite in Isothermally Hardened Structural Steels","authors":"A. Yu. Kaletin,&nbsp;Yu. V. Kaletina","doi":"10.1007/s11041-025-01123-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11041-025-01123-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The effect of temperature-time parameters of isothermal hardening in the bainitic transformation range on the thermal stability of retained austenite and impact toughness of sparingly alloyed structural steels 38KhS (38CrSi) and 60S2 (60Si2) is studied. The amount of retained austenite in the steels is determined by a magnetometric method. The fine structure of foils is investigated. Impact bending tests of samples are carried out. It is shown that the thermal stability of the thin foils of retained austenite at liquid nitrogen temperature correlates with the impact toughness of the steels after the isothermal hardening. A magnetic method for assessing the impact toughness of an isothermally hardened structural steel is suggested.</p>","PeriodicalId":701,"journal":{"name":"Metal Science and Heat Treatment","volume":"67 1-2","pages":"19 - 22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144832241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of Aging Treatment on Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Al – 0.35Cu – 0.18Sc – 0.06Zr Conductors for High-Performance Applications 时效处理对高性能Al - 0.35Cu - 0.18Sc - 0.06Zr导体机电性能的影响
IF 0.5 4区 材料科学
Metal Science and Heat Treatment Pub Date : 2025-07-29 DOI: 10.1007/s11041-025-01135-4
Chunxin Wang, Chenchi Qu, Xin Qi, Binchuan Li, Qing Han, Xudong Luo
{"title":"Effect of Aging Treatment on Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Al – 0.35Cu – 0.18Sc – 0.06Zr Conductors for High-Performance Applications","authors":"Chunxin Wang,&nbsp;Chenchi Qu,&nbsp;Xin Qi,&nbsp;Binchuan Li,&nbsp;Qing Han,&nbsp;Xudong Luo","doi":"10.1007/s11041-025-01135-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11041-025-01135-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The effect of the aging mode on the mechanical and electrical properties of the heat-resistant electrically conductive aluminum alloy Al – 0.35Cu – 0.18Sc – 0.06Zr is studied. It is found that the highest set of operational properties of the alloy is achieved after aging at a temperature of 663 K for 15 hours. After aging under this mode, the microstructure of the alloy is characterized by a uniform distribution of dispersed inclusions of secondary phases Al<sub>3</sub>(Sc, Zr) 10 – 20 nm in size in the aluminum matrix. Such a structure ensures strengthening of the alloy by the Orowan mechanism, due to which the tensile strength increases to 170 MPa. At the same time, there is a significant increase in the electrical conductivity of the alloy to 60.4% IACS due to a decrease in the distortion of the crystal lattice. The results of heat resistance tests in combination with the plotted Arrhenius curves showed that the effective service life of Al – 0.35Cu – 0.18Sc – 0.06Zr conductors at 503 K reaches 350,400 h.</p>","PeriodicalId":701,"journal":{"name":"Metal Science and Heat Treatment","volume":"67 1-2","pages":"106 - 114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144832238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Study of the Structure and Properties of Billets from Alloy EP741NP Obtained by Hot Isostatic Pressing 热等静压法制备EP741NP合金坯料的组织与性能研究
IF 0.5 4区 材料科学
Metal Science and Heat Treatment Pub Date : 2025-07-29 DOI: 10.1007/s11041-025-01137-2
A. A. Khlybov, D. A. Ryabov, A. A. Solov’ev, A. A. Shuyanova, A. A. Demchenko
{"title":"Study of the Structure and Properties of Billets from Alloy EP741NP Obtained by Hot Isostatic Pressing","authors":"A. A. Khlybov,&nbsp;D. A. Ryabov,&nbsp;A. A. Solov’ev,&nbsp;A. A. Shuyanova,&nbsp;A. A. Demchenko","doi":"10.1007/s11041-025-01137-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11041-025-01137-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The process of formation of the structure and properties in billets from heat-resistant nickel alloy EP741NP obtained by hot isostatic pressing (HIP) and the effect of heat treatment (HT) on its characteristics are studied. It is established that the post-HIP billets contain pores and their volume fraction is distributed nonuniformly over cross section. A digital analysis of the microstructure of the material at the periphery and in the center of the billet is used to determine the grain sizes and their anisotropy. The basic mechanical characteristics of the EP741NP alloy after the HIP and the subsequent HT (hardening and three-stage aging) are studied in the temperature range of 20 – 900°C. It is shown that the HT raises the strength characteristics of the EP741NP alloy in the whole of the temperature interval of the tests. The variation of the hardness and of the elastic and shear moduli (<i>E</i> and <i>G</i>) over cross section of the billets is determined after the HIP and subsequent HT.</p>","PeriodicalId":701,"journal":{"name":"Metal Science and Heat Treatment","volume":"67 1-2","pages":"122 - 129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144832240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Determination of Macrohardness of Titanium Alloys of Different Classes by Indentation by the Oliver and Pharr Method Under Low Loads 低负荷压痕法测定不同等级钛合金宏观硬度
IF 0.5 4区 材料科学
Metal Science and Heat Treatment Pub Date : 2025-07-29 DOI: 10.1007/s11041-025-01127-4
A. A. Korenev, F. V. Vodolazsky, A. G. Illarionov
{"title":"Determination of Macrohardness of Titanium Alloys of Different Classes by Indentation by the Oliver and Pharr Method Under Low Loads","authors":"A. A. Korenev,&nbsp;F. V. Vodolazsky,&nbsp;A. G. Illarionov","doi":"10.1007/s11041-025-01127-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11041-025-01127-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>An algorithm for determining macrohardness is suggested and tested experimentally for biocompatible titanium alloys of different classes i.e., Ti – 6Al – 4V, Ti – 14Mo, Ti – 39Nb – 5Zr, on the base of hardness measurements at low loads (1 – 24 N) by the Oliver and Pharr method. The possibility of adjustment of the hardness values for eliminating the impression effect detected during the indentation at low loads and obtaining more accurate results is demonstrated. Derivation of the Nix–Gao equation for quenched titanium alloys has made it possible to determine the hardness values at low loads(3.09 ± 0.03 GPa for Ti – 6Al – 4V, 2.58 ± 0.04 GPa for Ti – 14Mo, 1.73 ± 0.03 GPa for Ti – 39Nb – 5Zr), which correspond to the values of the macrohardness.</p>","PeriodicalId":701,"journal":{"name":"Metal Science and Heat Treatment","volume":"67 1-2","pages":"48 - 55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144832243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Influence of Cooling Rate on Formation of Structural and Textural States in Ferritic-Martensitic Stainless Steel with 12 wt.% Chromium 冷却速率对含12wt .%铬铁素体-马氏体不锈钢组织和织构形成的影响
IF 0.5 4区 材料科学
Metal Science and Heat Treatment Pub Date : 2025-07-29 DOI: 10.1007/s11041-025-01121-w
V. I. Pastukhov, A. E. Ustinov, V. Y. Yarkov, S. V. Solov’yeva, M. L. Lobanov
{"title":"Influence of Cooling Rate on Formation of Structural and Textural States in Ferritic-Martensitic Stainless Steel with 12 wt.% Chromium","authors":"V. I. Pastukhov,&nbsp;A. E. Ustinov,&nbsp;V. Y. Yarkov,&nbsp;S. V. Solov’yeva,&nbsp;M. L. Lobanov","doi":"10.1007/s11041-025-01121-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11041-025-01121-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The structural and textural states formed in samples of stainless steel of the ferritic-martensitic class, close in composition to Cr12NiMoWoSiVNb, are studied by the method of scanning electron microscopy using orientation analysis and software for reconstruction of high-temperature austenitic grains. The samples are taken from a hot-rolled pipe that has been quenched in water and tempered at a high temperature. The samples are heat treated by holding at 950°C and cooling at different rates (in water, in air, in the furnace). At all the cooling rates, the steel structure consists of grains of δ-ferrite and martensite and contains coarse precipitates of (NbMo)(CN) carbonitrides and finer M<sub>23</sub>C<sub>6</sub> and (VNb)C carbides. When the phase transformations occur in the sequence δ + α′ → δ + γ → δ + α′, the steel inherits structural and textural features due to nucleation of a new phase on special boundaries.</p>","PeriodicalId":701,"journal":{"name":"Metal Science and Heat Treatment","volume":"67 1-2","pages":"1 - 9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144832239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Application of Thermomechanical Treatment to Increase the Strength of Pressed Rods from Aluminum Alloy D16 (2024) 热处理在提高D16（2024）铝合金压杆强度中的应用
IF 0.5 4区 材料科学
Metal Science and Heat Treatment Pub Date : 2025-07-29 DOI: 10.1007/s11041-025-01128-3
N. B. Pugacheva, A. V. Razinkin, I. S. Kamantzev, T. V. Maltseva, N. A. Kalinina
{"title":"Application of Thermomechanical Treatment to Increase the Strength of Pressed Rods from Aluminum Alloy D16 (2024)","authors":"N. B. Pugacheva,&nbsp;A. V. Razinkin,&nbsp;I. S. Kamantzev,&nbsp;T. V. Maltseva,&nbsp;N. A. Kalinina","doi":"10.1007/s11041-025-01128-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11041-025-01128-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The effect of thermal and thermomechanical treatments on the structure and mechanical properties of pressed rods from aluminum alloy D16 (2024) is studied. The temperatures of phase transformations in the alloy are determined using the method of differential scanning calorimetry. It is shown that pressing of the rods with diameter 350 mm after preheating to 380 – 470°C preserves cast structure in the central part of the pressed articles. Intermediate annealing at 380 – 420°C promotes leveling of the structure and uniform precipitation of S-phase particles, while the subsequent hot pressing of the rods with diameter 76 mm provides high mechanical properties throughout the entire cross section. The chosen temperature range of thermomechanical processing makes it possible to obtain a uniform distribution of structure and mechanical properties over cross section of the pressed rods.</p>","PeriodicalId":701,"journal":{"name":"Metal Science and Heat Treatment","volume":"67 1-2","pages":"56 - 64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144832242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of Ageing Temperature on the Memory Properties of FeMnSiCrNiTi Alloys Deposited by Laser Directed Energy Deposition 时效温度对激光定向能沉积FeMnSiCrNiTi合金记忆性能的影响
IF 0.5 4区 材料科学
Metal Science and Heat Treatment Pub Date : 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.1007/s11041-025-01134-5
H. Sun, H. Y. Wang, Q. Zhang, X. M. Yuan, C. S. Zhu
{"title":"Effect of Ageing Temperature on the Memory Properties of FeMnSiCrNiTi Alloys Deposited by Laser Directed Energy Deposition","authors":"H. Sun,&nbsp;H. Y. Wang,&nbsp;Q. Zhang,&nbsp;X. M. Yuan,&nbsp;C. S. Zhu","doi":"10.1007/s11041-025-01134-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11041-025-01134-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The effect of aging at temperatures of 550, 650 and 750°C for 30 min on the microstructure, phase composition and shape memory characteristics of the Fe17Mn6Si9Cr5Ni1Ti alloy obtained by wire laser directed energy deposition technique is studied. It is shown that with an increase in the aging temperature, the amount of cooling martensite in the alloy structure decreases, the number of TiC precipitations increases, and ferrite is gradually eliminated. In this case, the shape recovery rate of the alloy first increases and then decreases. The mechanism of the effect of aging on the shape memory characteristics of the Fe17Mn6Si9Cr5Ni-1Ti alloy is discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":701,"journal":{"name":"Metal Science and Heat Treatment","volume":"67 1-2","pages":"99 - 105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144832098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evolution of the Phase Composition of High-Strength Laser Welded Joints of Aluminum-Lithium Alloys. 1. Features of the Structural and Phase Composition 铝锂合金高强度激光焊接接头相组成的演变结构和相组成的特点
IF 0.5 4区 材料科学
Metal Science and Heat Treatment Pub Date : 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.1007/s11041-025-01138-1
A. G. Malikov, M. I. Mironova, I. E. Vitoshkin, E. S. Beglyarov, E. V. Karpov, A. P. Zav’yalov, K. E. Kuper
{"title":"Evolution of the Phase Composition of High-Strength Laser Welded Joints of Aluminum-Lithium Alloys. 1. Features of the Structural and Phase Composition","authors":"A. G. Malikov,&nbsp;M. I. Mironova,&nbsp;I. E. Vitoshkin,&nbsp;E. S. Beglyarov,&nbsp;E. V. Karpov,&nbsp;A. P. Zav’yalov,&nbsp;K. E. Kuper","doi":"10.1007/s11041-025-01138-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11041-025-01138-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The phase composition of laser welded joints of heat-hardenable aluminum–lithium alloys of the 3rd generation of grades V-1461 and V-1469 is studied. The phase composition of the alloys in the initial state and in laser welded condition is determined using synchrotron radiation and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. It is shown that the weld structure is significantly affected by the thermal mode of the laser welding and by the variation of the temperature of the metal during the welding. The formation of the dendritic structure is shown to depend on the relation between the crystallization parameter <i>G</i>/<i>R</i> and the cooling rate d<i>T</i>/d<i>t</i> = <i>GR</i>. The energy parameters of the fiber laser welding are optimized, i.e., the welding speed, the radiation power, the location of the focal spot.</p>","PeriodicalId":701,"journal":{"name":"Metal Science and Heat Treatment","volume":"67 1-2","pages":"130 - 140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144832234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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