Nano Research最新文献

{"title":"Incidental vs. Engineered Nanoparticles in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease: Pathological Pathways and Therapeutic Interventions.","authors":"Hanyu Li, Ning Wang, Xiaobo Mao","doi":"10.26599/nr.2025.94908055","DOIUrl":"10.26599/nr.2025.94908055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nanoparticles (NPs) play dual roles in neurodegeneration. Incidental NPs, generated unintentionally from environmental and industrial sources, are linked to oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and disruption of the blood-brain barrier in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Engineered NPs are designed for diagnosis and therapy using nanobodies, nanozymes, and other engineered nanoparticle (ENP) platforms that enable targeted delivery, modulation of neuroimmune pathways, and interference with pathological protein aggregation. This review aligns source-based classes (incidental versus engineered) with composition-based families (metal-based, carbon-based, and polymeric or inorganic), and summarizes routes of exposure, mechanistic toxicology, and engineered interventions relevant to AD and PD. We also evaluate current limitations, including biocompatibility, relevance to chronic exposure, and clinical benchmarking, and we outline priorities for translating nanotechnology into practical diagnostics and therapeutics for neurodegenerative disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":713,"journal":{"name":"Nano Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12448076/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145111743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-dose cathepsin L CRISPR nanotherapy mitigates PASC-like lung damage in hamsters.","authors":"Zhifen Cui, Tianxiang Liu, Rebecca Bacon, Yue Zhao, Jeffrey I Everitt, Jingyue Yan, Lingye Chen, Jiaoti Huang, Hongyan Wang, Yizhou Dong, Victor X Jin, Shan-Lu Liu, Qianben Wang","doi":"10.26599/NR.2025.94907695","DOIUrl":"10.26599/NR.2025.94907695","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Respiratory post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) persists in many SARS-CoV-2 survivors, yet no therapies specifically address its long-term pulmonary damage. We demonstrate that a single-dose CRISPR-CasRx nanotherapy targeting the host enzyme cathepsin L (SCNC) effectively reduces acute SARS-CoV-2 infection in Syrian hamsters, with antiviral efficacy comparable to Paxlovid. Importantly, SCNC outperforms Paxlovid in alleviating alveolar epithelial hyperplasia and lung inflammation at 31 days post-infection, a recognized PASC time point. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals that SCNC enhances alveolar repair by promoting the differentiation of alveolar type 2 cells into alveolar type 1 cells and by reducing inflammatory infiltration through multiple signaling pathways. Thus, SCNC exerts a dual mechanism: host-directed viral inhibition and promotion of epithelial repair with reduced inflammation. This distinguishes it from therapies focused solely on viral suppression or symptom relief. These findings support SCNC as a promising therapeutic candidate for acute infection and, particularly, for PASC-related lung injury, where options remain limited.</p>","PeriodicalId":713,"journal":{"name":"Nano Research","volume":"18 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12463437/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145184431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in nanotechnology-enabled adjuvants for peptide-based cancer vaccines.","authors":"Mengwen Li, Wenpan Li, Zhi Li, Jianqin Lu","doi":"10.26599/nr.2025.94907534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26599/nr.2025.94907534","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peptide-based vaccines only contain peptide epitopes and exclude unnecessary biological materials, which greatly reduces the risk of causing an undesired immune response and further improves the safety profile, garnering considerable interest in vaccine development. However, the immunogenicity induced by these peptides alone is not potent enough to elicit an effective immune response. Recently, combining the adjuvants with peptide antigens has shown promising effects to realize a satisfying immune response. In this review, we discuss the development of immunoadjuvants to enhance the safety and efficacy of peptide-based vaccines. The emphasis is placed on the application and clinical translation of nanotechnology-based adjuvants, highlighting the associated challenges and exploring future directions.</p>","PeriodicalId":713,"journal":{"name":"Nano Research","volume":"18 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12362341/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144938382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CdS quantum dot aerogels for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution","authors":"Vinicius Alevato,&nbsp;Daniel Streater,&nbsp;Cole Premtaj,&nbsp;Jier Huang,&nbsp;Stephanie L. Brock","doi":"10.1007/s12274-024-7107-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12274-024-7107-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>CdS quantum dots (QDs) have been extensively studied as photocatalysts and sensitizers for visible-light-driven water reduction. However, their efficiencies are limited by the need to accumulate sufficient redox equivalents to produce H₂ and consequent photocorrosion associated with slow hole-transfer rates. To address these limitations, we report the formation of CdS QD assemblies (aerogels, AGs) capable of facilitating energy/charge transport between individual QDs, and evaluate their performance as photocatalysts for hydrogen evolution as a function of structure, wurtzite (<i>w</i>-) vs. zincblende (<i>zb</i>-), and different annealing temperatures. The formation of AGs from QDs resulted in increased rates of H₂ production under visible light illumination: from 1458 (QD) to 6650 (AG) µmol_H2·h⁻¹·g⁻¹ on zbCdS and from 1221 (QD) to 3325 (AG) µmol_H2·h⁻¹·g⁻¹ on wCdS. This is attributed to exciton delocalization between adjacent QDs facilitating charge/energy transport. Thermal processing of CdS AGs up to 250 °C improved their activity, increasing the degree of exciton delocalization, while annealing them to 300 °C caused sintering of the primary QD particles within the AGs and a decrease in activity associated with loss in surface area. The best photocatalyst, <i>zb</i>CdS AG annealed at 250°C, had an average H₂ production rate of 13,604 ± 2017 µmol_H2·h⁻¹·g⁻¹, an apparent quantum yield of 2.8% at 425 ± 12.5 nm, and was stable for 2 h before beginning to deactivate due to photocorrosion. This study confirms the potential of CdS AGs as matrixes for the design of more active and stable composite photocatalysts for water splitting.\u0000</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":713,"journal":{"name":"Nano Research","volume":"17 :","pages":"10292 - 10301"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145122276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Switchable near-infrared photoluminescence of PbS quantum dots through light and heat modulated hole transfer to spiropyran molecules","authors":"Zongwei Chen,&nbsp;Zhengxiao Li,&nbsp;Fan Li,&nbsp;Jingzhu Huo,&nbsp;Xinyi Meng,&nbsp;Shihao Ma,&nbsp;Wenbo Zhu,&nbsp;Fengqi Guo,&nbsp;Jia-Hua Hu,&nbsp;Kaifeng Wu","doi":"10.1007/s12274-024-7109-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12274-024-7109-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Precise modulation of photoluminescence (PL) of nanomaterials by external control is of great interest in such diverse areas as photocatalysis, memory and sensing. Recent studies have combined colloidal quantum dots (QDs) with photochromic molecules to construct optically switchable PL systems. However, it still remains challenging to switch the PL on and off in the near-infrared (NIR) region with multi-stimuli such as light and heat. Here, we present light and heat triggered modulation of the NIR PL of PbS QDs using adjacent spiropyran derivatives. The NIR PL of PbS was reversibly switched on and off through the isomerization process of spiropyran molecules that can be triggered by either light irradiation or heating. The PL intensity of the off state is low enough to yield an on/off ratio as high as 54. Transient absorption measurements revealed ultrafast photoinduced hole transfer from PbS to spiropyran, the rate and efficiency of which depend critically on the driving force that can be deeply modulated through spiropyran isomerization. This study not only establishes a novel multi-stimuli switchable PL system in the NIR, but also provides fundamental guidelines for the design for such systems for a variety of emerging applications.\u0000</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":713,"journal":{"name":"Nano Research","volume":"17 :","pages":"10483 - 10489"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145122278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of exciton fine structure on the energy transfer in magic-sized (CdSe)13 clusters","authors":"Jan Bieniek,&nbsp;Woonhyuk Baek,&nbsp;Severin Lorenz,&nbsp;Franziska Muckel,&nbsp;Rachel Fainblat,&nbsp;Taeghwan Hyeon,&nbsp;Gerd Bacher","doi":"10.1007/s12274-024-7108-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12274-024-7108-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Magic-sized (CdSe)₁₃ clusters (MSCs) represent a material class at the boundary between molecules and quantum dots that exhibit a pronounced and well separated excitonic fine structure. The characteristic photoluminescence is composed of exciton bandgap emission and a spectrally broad mid-gap emission related to surface defects. Here, we report on a thermally activated energy transfer from fine-structure split exciton states to surface states by using temperature dependent photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy. We demonstrate that the broad mid-gap emission can be suppressed by a targeted Mn-doping of the MSC leading to the characteristic orange luminescence of the ⁴T₁ → ⁶A₁ Mn²⁺ transition. The energy transfer to the Mn²⁺ states is found to be significantly different than the transfer to the surface defect states, as the activation of the dopant emission requires a spin-conserving charge carrier transfer that only dark excitons can provide.\u0000</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":713,"journal":{"name":"Nano Research","volume":"17 :","pages":"10669 - 10676"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12274-024-7108-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145122277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Colloidal nanocrystals: Viable model systems for electronic quantum materials?","authors":"Jara F. Vliem,&nbsp;Jesper R. Moes,&nbsp;Ingmar Swart,&nbsp;Daniel Vanmaekelbergh","doi":"10.1007/s12274-024-6986-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12274-024-6986-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The field of colloidal nanocrystals has witnessed enormous progress in the last three decades. For many families of nanocrystals, wet-chemical syntheses have been developed that allow control over the crystal shape and dimensions, from the three-dimensional down to the zero-dimensional case. Additionally, careful control of surface chemistry has enabled the prevention of non-radiative recombination, thus allowing the detailed study of confined charge carriers and excitons. This has led to a vast amount of applications of nanocrystals in displays, labels, and lighting. Here, we discuss how this expertise could benefit the rapidly advancing field of quantum materials, where the coherence of electronic wave functions is key. We demonstrate that colloidal two-dimensional nanocrystals can serve as excellent model systems for studying topological phase transitions, particularly in the case of quantum spin Hall and topological crystalline insulators. We aim to inspire researchers with strong chemical expertise to explore the exciting field of quantum materials.\u0000</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":713,"journal":{"name":"Nano Research","volume":"17 :","pages":"10511 - 10524"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12274-024-6986-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145122191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuous flow synthesis of PbS/CdS quantum dots using substituted thioureas","authors":"Pierre Machut,&nbsp;Anna Karina Antonini,&nbsp;Céline Rivaux,&nbsp;Marina Gromova,&nbsp;Harinderbir Kaur,&nbsp;Wai Li Ling,&nbsp;Gabriel Mugny,&nbsp;Peter Reiss","doi":"10.1007/s12274-024-7003-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12274-024-7003-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To enhance the reproducibility and scale up the synthesis of colloidal quantum dots (QDs), continuous flow synthesis is an appealing alternative to the widely used batch synthesis. Amongst other advantages, the strongly enhanced heat and mass transfer in small tubular reactors combined with controlled pressure can be cited. Nonetheless, the widespread use of this technique is hampered by special requirements such as the absence of solid or gaseous products and the room-temperature solubility of precursors. Therefore, the transfer of established reaction conditions from batch to flow is not straightforward and in most reported works the optical properties of the obtained QDs lag behind those prepared in batch reactions. This is also the case for PbS-based QDs, which are established near infrared (NIR) absorbers/emitters. Here we identified experimental conditions giving access to high-quality PbS core and PbS/CdS core/shell QDs obtained in an automated, easily scalable continuous flow synthesis. In particular, substituted thioureas have been selected as the sulfur source and <i>ex-situ</i> synthesized lead and cadmium oleate as the metal precursors, and appropriate solvent mixtures have been identified for each precursor. Highly luminescent PbS/CdS QDs emitting at the target wavelengths 940 and 1130 nm of special interest for NIR light-emitting diodes have been prepared, exhibiting a photoluminescence quantum yield up to 91%.\u0000</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":713,"journal":{"name":"Nano Research","volume":"17 :","pages":"10677 - 10684"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145122173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heterostructures of Ni(II)-doped CdS quantum dots and β-Pb0.33V2O5 nanowires: Enhanced charge separation and redox photocatalysis via doping of QDs","authors":"Karoline E. García-Pedraza,&nbsp;Jaime R. Ayala,&nbsp;Udani Wijethunga,&nbsp;Alice R. Giem,&nbsp;George Agbeworvi,&nbsp;Sarbajit Banerjee,&nbsp;David F. Watson","doi":"10.1007/s12274-024-6675-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12274-024-6675-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We synthesized heterostructures by tethering Ni(II)-doped CdS (Ni:CdS) quantum dots (QDs) to β-Pb_0.33V₂O₅ nanowires (NWs) using L-cysteine as a molecular linker, and we evaluated the influence of doping on their redox photocatalytic reactivity. We initially hypothesized that incorporating Ni:CdS QDs into heterostructures could alter excited-state dynamics and mechanisms, and that the localization of excited electrons on Ni 3d states could promote redox photocatalytic mechanisms including reduction of CO₂. Isolated Ni:CdS QDs were ferromagnetic, and they exhibited enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution and photostability relative to undoped CdS QDs. Both Pb_0.33V₂O₅/CdS heterostructures (with undoped QDs) and Pb_0.33V₂O₅/Ni:CdS heterostructures (with Ni(II)-doped QDs) exhibited substantial energetic overlap between valence-band states of QDs and intercalative mid-gap states of β-Pb_0.33V₂O₅ NWs. Within Pb_0.33V₂O₅/CdS heterostructures, photoexcitation of CdS QDs was followed by rapid (50–100 ps) transfer of both holes and electrons to β-Pb_0.33V₂O₅ NWs. In contrast, within Pb_0.33V₂O₅/Ni:CdS heterostructures, holes were transferred from Ni:CdS QDs to β-Pb_0.33V₂O₅ NWs within 100 ps, but electrons were transferred approximately 20-fold more slowly. This difference in electron- and hole-transfer kinetics promoted charge separation across the Pb_0.33V₂O₅/Ni:CdS interface and enabled the photocatalytic reduction of CO₂ to CO, CH₄, and HCO₂H with &gt; 99.9% selectivity relative to the reduction of H⁺ to H₂. These results highlight the opportunity to fine-tune dynamics and mechanisms of excited-state charge-transfer, and mechanisms of subsequent redox half-reactions, by doping QDs within heterostructures. Moreover, they reveal the promise of heterostructures comprising QDs and M_<i>x</i>V_<i>y</i>O₅ materials as CO₂-reduction photocatalysts.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":713,"journal":{"name":"Nano Research","volume":"17 :","pages":"10279 - 10291"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145122041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pure-blue emissive ZnSe/CdxZn1−xS/ZnS quantum dots with type-II core-shell structure for display application","authors":"Mingrui Liu,&nbsp;Chenhui Wang,&nbsp;Peng Huang,&nbsp;Jinhua He,&nbsp;Muhammad Ramzan,&nbsp;Haizheng Zhong","doi":"10.1007/s12274-024-7106-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12274-024-7106-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Blue emissive quantum dots are key materials in fabricating quantum-dot light-emitting diodes for display applications. Up to date, most of the previous blue emissive quantum dots are based on quantum dots with type-I core-shell structure. In this work, we report pure-blue emissive ZnSe/Cd_<i>x</i>Zn_1−<i>x</i>S/ZnS quantum dots with type-II core-shell structure, which show high photoluminescence quantum yield over 90%. The type-II structure was investigated by applying time-resolved photoluminescence and transient absorption measurements, illustrating the extended photoluminescence decay lifetime of ZnSe/Cd_<i>x</i>Zn_1−<i>x</i>S quantum dots as well as the transition of bleaching peak from the valence band of ZnSe to the conduction band of CdZnS. We further fabricated ZnSe/Cd_<i>x</i>Zn_1−<i>x</i>S/ZnS quantum dots based electroluminescence devices, achieving a maximum external quantum efficiency of 6.7% and a maximum luminance of 39,766 cd·m⁻².\u0000</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":713,"journal":{"name":"Nano Research","volume":"17 :","pages":"10476 - 10482"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145121974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}