Incidental vs. Engineered Nanoparticles in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease: Pathological Pathways and Therapeutic Interventions.

IF 9 2区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Nano Research Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI:10.26599/nr.2025.94908055

Hanyu Li, Ning Wang, Xiaobo Mao

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Nanoparticles (NPs) play dual roles in neurodegeneration. Incidental NPs, generated unintentionally from environmental and industrial sources, are linked to oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and disruption of the blood-brain barrier in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Engineered NPs are designed for diagnosis and therapy using nanobodies, nanozymes, and other engineered nanoparticle (ENP) platforms that enable targeted delivery, modulation of neuroimmune pathways, and interference with pathological protein aggregation. This review aligns source-based classes (incidental versus engineered) with composition-based families (metal-based, carbon-based, and polymeric or inorganic), and summarizes routes of exposure, mechanistic toxicology, and engineered interventions relevant to AD and PD. We also evaluate current limitations, including biocompatibility, relevance to chronic exposure, and clinical benchmarking, and we outline priorities for translating nanotechnology into practical diagnostics and therapeutics for neurodegenerative disease.

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阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病的偶然与工程纳米颗粒：病理途径和治疗干预。

纳米颗粒（NPs）在神经退行性变中起双重作用。偶然的NPs是由环境和工业来源无意中产生的，与阿尔茨海默病（AD）和帕金森病（PD）的氧化应激、神经炎症和血脑屏障破坏有关。工程化纳米颗粒被设计用于使用纳米体、纳米酶和其他工程化纳米颗粒（ENP）平台进行诊断和治疗，这些平台能够靶向递送、调节神经免疫途径和干扰病理性蛋白质聚集。这篇综述将基于来源的类别（偶然的与工程的）与基于成分的类别（金属基、碳基、聚合物或无机的）进行了比较，并总结了与AD和PD相关的暴露途径、机械毒理学和工程干预措施。我们还评估了目前的局限性，包括生物相容性、与慢性暴露的相关性和临床基准，并概述了将纳米技术转化为神经退行性疾病的实用诊断和治疗方法的优先事项。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Nano Research 化学-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

14.30

自引率

11.10%

发文量

2574

审稿时长

1.7 months

期刊介绍： Nano Research is a peer-reviewed, international and interdisciplinary research journal that focuses on all aspects of nanoscience and nanotechnology. It solicits submissions in various topical areas, from basic aspects of nanoscale materials to practical applications. The journal publishes articles on synthesis, characterization, and manipulation of nanomaterials; nanoscale physics, electrical transport, and quantum physics; scanning probe microscopy and spectroscopy; nanofluidics; nanosensors; nanoelectronics and molecular electronics; nano-optics, nano-optoelectronics, and nano-photonics; nanomagnetics; nanobiotechnology and nanomedicine; and nanoscale modeling and simulations. Nano Research offers readers a combination of authoritative and comprehensive Reviews, original cutting-edge research in Communication and Full Paper formats. The journal also prioritizes rapid review to ensure prompt publication.