Nano ConvergencePub Date : 2025-02-07DOI: 10.1186/s40580-025-00476-3
Dongha Kim, Dongju Lee, Jiseok Park, Jihoon Bae, Aiping Chen, Judith L. MacManus-Driscoll, Sungwon Lee, Shinbuhm Lee
{"title":"Freestanding VO2 membranes on epidermal nanomesh for ultra-sensitive correlated breathable sensors","authors":"Dongha Kim, Dongju Lee, Jiseok Park, Jihoon Bae, Aiping Chen, Judith L. MacManus-Driscoll, Sungwon Lee, Shinbuhm Lee","doi":"10.1186/s40580-025-00476-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40580-025-00476-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The interest in highly sensitive sensors is rapidly increasing for detecting very tiny signals for Internet of Things devices. Here, we achieve ultra-sensitive correlated breathable sensors based on freestanding VO<sub>2</sub> membranes. We fabricate the membranes by growing VO<sub>2</sub> films onto sacrificial Sr<sub>3</sub>Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub> layer grown on SrTiO<sub>3</sub>, selectively dissolving the Sr<sub>3</sub>Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub> in water, and then rendering freestanding VO<sub>2</sub> membrane on nanomesh. The nanomeshes are extremely flexible, sweat permeable, and readily skin-adhesive. The resistance of the VO<sub>2</sub> membranes is reversibly tuned by human’s tiny mechanical stimuli and breath stimuli. The stimuli modulate the Peierls dimerization of one-dimensional V−V chains in the VO<sub>2</sub> lattice which concomitantly controls the electron correlation and hence resistivity. Since our breathable sensors operate based on quantum-mechanical correlation effects, their sensitivity is 1−2 orders of magnitude higher than conventional tactile and respiratory sensors based on other materials. Thus, the freestanding membranes of correlated oxides on epidermal nanomeshes are multifunctional platforms for developing ultra-sensitive correlated breathable sensors.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":712,"journal":{"name":"Nano Convergence","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://nanoconvergencejournal.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40580-025-00476-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143361907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano ConvergencePub Date : 2025-02-06DOI: 10.1186/s40580-024-00468-9
Duy Thanh Tran, Phan Khanh Linh Tran, Deepanshu Malhotra, Thanh Hai Nguyen, Tran Thien An Nguyen, Nguyen Tram Anh Duong, Nam Hoon Kim, Joong Hee Lee
{"title":"Current status of developed electrocatalysts for water splitting technologies: from experimental to industrial perspective","authors":"Duy Thanh Tran, Phan Khanh Linh Tran, Deepanshu Malhotra, Thanh Hai Nguyen, Tran Thien An Nguyen, Nguyen Tram Anh Duong, Nam Hoon Kim, Joong Hee Lee","doi":"10.1186/s40580-024-00468-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40580-024-00468-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The conversion of electricity into hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>) gas through electrochemical water splitting using efficient electrocatalysts has been one of the most important future technologies to create vast amounts of clean and renewable energy. Low-temperature electrolyzer systems, such as proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers, alkaline water electrolyzers, and anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers are at the forefront of current technologies. Their performance, however, generally depends on electricity costs and system efficiency, which can be significantly improved by developing high-performance electrocatalysts to enhance the kinetics of both the cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction and the anodic oxygen evolution reaction. Despite numerous active research efforts in catalyst development, the performance of water electrolysis remains insufficient for commercialization. Ongoing research into innovative electrocatalysts and an understanding of the catalytic mechanisms are critical to enhancing their activity and stability for electrolyzers. This is still a focus at academic institutes/universities and industrial R&D centers. Herein, we provide an overview of the current state and future directions of electrocatalysts and water electrolyzers for electrochemical H<sub>2</sub> production. Additionally, we describe in detail the technological framework of electrocatalysts and water electrolyzers for H<sub>2</sub> production as utilized by relevant global companies.</p>","PeriodicalId":712,"journal":{"name":"Nano Convergence","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://nanoconvergencejournal.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40580-024-00468-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143361892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano ConvergencePub Date : 2025-02-03DOI: 10.1186/s40580-025-00475-4
Jungbum Kim, Donghyuk Seo, So-Yeol Yoo, Hye-Jin Lee, Jisun Kim, Ji Eun Yeom, Jae-Young Lee, Wooram Park, Kyung Soo Hong, Wonhwa Lee
{"title":"Lung-homing nanoliposomes for early intervention in NETosis and inflammation during acute lung injury","authors":"Jungbum Kim, Donghyuk Seo, So-Yeol Yoo, Hye-Jin Lee, Jisun Kim, Ji Eun Yeom, Jae-Young Lee, Wooram Park, Kyung Soo Hong, Wonhwa Lee","doi":"10.1186/s40580-025-00475-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40580-025-00475-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Acute lung injury (ALI) is characterized by severe inflammation in lung tissue, excessive immune response and impaired lung function. In hospitalized high-risk patients and cases of secondary infection due to surgical contamination, it can lead to higher mortality rates and require immediate intervention. Currently, clinical treatments are limited in symptomatic therapy as mechanical ventilation and corticosteroids, having insufficient efficacy in mitigating the cause of progression to severe illness. Here we report a pulmonary targeting lung-homing nanoliposome (LHN) designed to attenuate excessive Neutrophil Extracellular Trap formation (NETosis) through sivelestat and DNase-1, coupled with an anti-inflammatory effect mediated by 25-hydroxycholesterol (25-HC), offering a promising intervention for the acute phase of ALI. Through intratracheal delivery, we intend prompt and constant action within the lungs to effectively prevent excessive NETosis. Isolated neutrophils from blood samples of severe ARDS patients demonstrated significant anti-NETosis effects, as well as reduced proinflammatory cytokine secretion. Furthermore, in a murine model of LPS-induced ALI, we confirmed improvements in lung histopathology, and early respiratory function. Also, attenuation of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), with notable reductions in NETosis and neutrophil trafficking was investigated. This presents a targeted therapeutic approach that can be applied in early stages of high-risk patients to prevent severe pulmonary disease progression.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":712,"journal":{"name":"Nano Convergence","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://nanoconvergencejournal.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40580-025-00475-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143078377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano ConvergencePub Date : 2025-01-30DOI: 10.1186/s40580-025-00474-5
Yongsu Lee, Hae-Won Lee, Su Jin Kim, Jeong Min Park, Byoung Hun Lee, Chang Goo Kang
{"title":"Enhanced high-energy proton radiation hardness of ZnO thin-film transistors with a passivation layer","authors":"Yongsu Lee, Hae-Won Lee, Su Jin Kim, Jeong Min Park, Byoung Hun Lee, Chang Goo Kang","doi":"10.1186/s40580-025-00474-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40580-025-00474-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Metal-oxide thin-film semiconductors have been highlighted as next-generation space semiconductors owing to their excellent radiation hardness based on their dimensional advantages of very low thickness and insensitivity to crystal structure. However, thin-film transistors (TFTs) do not exhibit intrinsic radiation hardness owing to the chemical reactions at the interface exposed to ambient air. In this study, significantly enhanced radiation hardness of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-passivated ZnO TFTs against high-energy protons with energies of up to 100 MeV is obtained owing to the passivation layer blocking interactions with external reactants, thereby maintaining the chemical stability of the thin-film semiconductor. These results highlight the potential of passivated metal-oxide thin films for developing reliable radiation-hardened semiconductor devices that can be used in harsh space environments. In addition, the relationship between low-frequency noise and defects due to oxygen vacancies was revealed, which can be utilized to improve device reliability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":712,"journal":{"name":"Nano Convergence","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11782758/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143063086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano ConvergencePub Date : 2025-01-24DOI: 10.1186/s40580-024-00467-w
Seong Chan Cho, Jun Ho Seok, Hung Ngo Manh, Jae Hun Seol, Chi Ho Lee, Sang Uck Lee
{"title":"Expanding the frontiers of electrocatalysis: advanced theoretical methods for water splitting","authors":"Seong Chan Cho, Jun Ho Seok, Hung Ngo Manh, Jae Hun Seol, Chi Ho Lee, Sang Uck Lee","doi":"10.1186/s40580-024-00467-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40580-024-00467-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Electrochemical water splitting, which encompasses the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), offers a promising route for sustainable hydrogen production. The development of efficient and cost-effective electrocatalysts is crucial for advancing this technology, especially given the reliance on expensive transition metals, such as Pt and Ir, in traditional catalysts. This review highlights recent advances in the design and optimization of electrocatalysts, focusing on density functional theory (DFT) as a key tool for understanding and improving catalytic performance in the HER and OER. We begin by exploring DFT-based approaches for evaluating catalytic activity under both acidic and alkaline conditions. The review then shifts to a material-oriented perspective, showcasing key catalyst materials and the theoretical strategies employed to enhance their performance. In addition, we discuss scaling relationships that exist between binding energies and electronic structures through the use of charge-density analysis and <i>d</i>-band theory. Advanced concepts, such as the effects of adsorbate coverage, solvation, and applied potential on catalytic behavior, are also discussed. We finally focus on integrating machine learning (ML) with DFT to enable high-throughput screening and accelerate the discovery of novel water-splitting catalysts. This comprehensive review underscores the pivotal role that DFT plays in advancing electrocatalyst design and highlights its potential for shaping the future of sustainable hydrogen production.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":712,"journal":{"name":"Nano Convergence","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11759758/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143035794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ferroelectric capacitive memories: devices, arrays, and applications","authors":"Zuopu Zhou, Leming Jiao, Zijie Zheng, Yue Chen, Kaizhen Han, Yuye Kang, Dong Zhang, Xiaolin Wang, Qiwen Kong, Chen Sun, Jiawei Xie, Xiao Gong","doi":"10.1186/s40580-024-00463-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40580-024-00463-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>\u0000 Ferroelectric capacitive memories (FCMs) utilize ferroelectric polarization to modulate device capacitance for data storage, providing a new technological pathway to achieve two-terminal non-destructive-read ferroelectric memory. In contrast to the conventional resistive memories, the unique capacitive operation mechanism of FCMs transfers the memory reading and in-memory computing to charge domain, offering ultra-high energy efficiency, better compatibility to large-scale array, and negligible read disturbance. In recent years, extensive research has been conducted on FCMs. Various device designs were proposed and experimentally demonstrated with progressively enhanced performance, showing remarkable potential of the novel technology. This article summarizes several typical FCM devices by introducing their mechanisms, comparing their performance, and discussing their limitations. We further investigate the capacitive crossbar array operation and review the recent progress in the FCM integration and array-level demonstrations. In addition, we present the computing-in-memory applications of the FCMs to realize ultra-low-power machine learning acceleration for future computing systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":712,"journal":{"name":"Nano Convergence","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://nanoconvergencejournal.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40580-024-00463-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142995721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano ConvergencePub Date : 2025-01-18DOI: 10.1186/s40580-024-00472-z
João Neto, Abhishek Singh Dahiya, Ravinder Dahiya
{"title":"Multi-gate neuron-like transistors based on ensembles of aligned nanowires on flexible substrates","authors":"João Neto, Abhishek Singh Dahiya, Ravinder Dahiya","doi":"10.1186/s40580-024-00472-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40580-024-00472-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The intriguing way the receptors in biological skin encode the tactile data has inspired the development of electronic skins (e-skin) with brain-inspired or neuromorphic computing. Starting with local (near sensor) data processing, there is an inherent mechanism in play that helps to scale down the data. This is particularly attractive when one considers the huge data produced by large number of sensors expected in a large area e-skin such as the whole-body skin of a robot. This underlines the need for biological skin like processing in the e-skin. Herein, we present multi-gate field-effect transistors (<i>v</i>-FET) having capacitively coupled floating gate (FG) to mimic some of the neural functions. The <i>v</i>-FETs are obtained by deterministic assembly of ZnO nanowires on a flexible substrate using contactless dielectrophoresis method, followed metallization using conventional microfabrication steps. The spatial summation of two presynaptic inputs (applied at multiple control gates) of the transistor confirm their neuron-like response. The temporal summation (such as paired-pulse facilitation) by presented <i>v</i>-FETs further confirm their neuron-like mimicking with one presynaptic input. The temporal and spatial summation functions, demonstrated by the <i>v</i>-FET presented here, could open interesting new avenues for development of neuromorphic electronic skin (<i>v</i>-skin) with possibility of biological-skin like distributed computing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":712,"journal":{"name":"Nano Convergence","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://nanoconvergencejournal.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40580-024-00472-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142995416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano ConvergencePub Date : 2025-01-13DOI: 10.1186/s40580-024-00473-y
Byunggeol Kim, Jeehong Park, Donghee Kang, Na Eun Jung, Kitae Kim, Hongsun Ryu, Joon Ik Jang, Soohyung Park, Yeonjin Yi
{"title":"Tuning electronic structure and carrier transport properties through crystal orientation control in two-dimensional Dion-Jacobson phase perovskites","authors":"Byunggeol Kim, Jeehong Park, Donghee Kang, Na Eun Jung, Kitae Kim, Hongsun Ryu, Joon Ik Jang, Soohyung Park, Yeonjin Yi","doi":"10.1186/s40580-024-00473-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40580-024-00473-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Two-dimensional halide perovskites are attracting attention due to their structural diversity, improved stability, and enhanced quantum efficiency compared to their three-dimensional counterparts. In particular, Dion-Jacobson (DJ) phase perovskites exhibit superior structural stability compared to Ruddlesden-Popper phase perovskites. The inherent quantum well structure of layered perovskites leads to highly anisotropic charge transport and optical properties. Therefore, controlling the preferred crystal orientation (parallel or perpendicular) is crucial for optimizing device performance. This work presents a rational strategy to control parallel and perpendicular crystal growth in C<sub>6</sub>N<sub>2</sub>H<sub>16</sub>PbI<sub>4</sub> (4AMPPbI<sub>4</sub>)-based DJ phase perovskite thin films. We demonstrate that crystal orientation depends on crystal growth rates, which can be controlled by varying the solvent composition, antisolvent, and annealing temperature. Direct and inverse photoelectron spectroscopy reveals that the electronic structure of 4AMPPbI<sub>4</sub>, including its work function, ionization energy, and electron affinity, is orientation-dependent. Different orientations significantly affect carrier transport as confirmed by single-carrier devices. This study highlights the critical role of crystal orientation in DJ phase perovskites for designing high-performance optoelectronic devices.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":712,"journal":{"name":"Nano Convergence","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://nanoconvergencejournal.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40580-024-00473-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142976500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}