Nano Convergence最新文献

{"title":"Photocatalytic effect of gold-zinc oxide composite nanostructures for the selective and controlled killing of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and the removal of resistant bacterial biofilms from the body","authors":"Jongjun Park,&nbsp;Tae Hui Bae,&nbsp;Su Yong Kim,&nbsp;Seongeun Park,&nbsp;Yonghyun Choi,&nbsp;Masayoshi Tanaka,&nbsp;Jiwon Kim,&nbsp;Jaehee Jang,&nbsp;Jihyuk Yang,&nbsp;Hee-Young Lee,&nbsp;Tagbo H. R. Niepa,&nbsp;Shin Hyuk Kang,&nbsp;Jonghoon Choi","doi":"10.1186/s40580-025-00488-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40580-025-00488-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Infections involving antibiotic-resistant bacteria have become a major problem. Pathogenic bacteria use mechanisms such as drug target bypass, target modification, and biofilm formation to evade treatment. To respond to these problems, antibacterial research using metal and metal oxide nanoparticles is currently active. Nanoparticles treat bacterial infections through reactive oxygen species generation or antibacterial ion release. However, their application has faced problems related to human compatibility, as they react non-specifically, targeting both mammalian and bacterial cells. In addition, ZnO nanoparticles show low antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria. Thus, the demand for antibacterial substances with enhanced specificity and improved efficacy is increasing. We bound gold to the surface of ZnO nanoparticles, enabling photocatalytic and photothermal actions through visible light irradiation. To improve bacterial specificity, Concanavalin A (Con A), a lectin that can specifically target bacterial membrane lipopolysaccharides, was conjugated with the nanoparticles. We showed that Con A-conjugated Au/ZnO nanoparticles (Au/ZnO-Con A) exhibit photocatalytic and photothermal effects under white light, enhancing their antibacterial ability, and through enhanced specificity, increased antibacterial and anti-biofilm abilities were confirmed. The developed particles showed the potential to alleviate antibiotic resistance in a bacterial skin infection model, presenting a new platform for treating bacterial infections.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":712,"journal":{"name":"Nano Convergence","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://nanoconvergencejournal.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40580-025-00488-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143949448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amorphous boron nitride: synthesis, properties and device application","authors":"Seyed Mehdi Sattari-Esfahlan,&nbsp;Saeed Mirzaei,&nbsp;Mukkath Joseph Josline,&nbsp;Ji-Yun Moon,&nbsp;Sang-Hwa Hyun,&nbsp;Houk Jang,&nbsp;Jae-Hyun Lee","doi":"10.1186/s40580-025-00486-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40580-025-00486-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Amorphous boron nitride (a-BN) exhibits remarkable electrical, optical, and chemical properties, alongside robust mechanical stability, making it a compelling material for advanced applications in nanoelectronics and photonics. This review comprehensively examines the unique characteristics of a-BN, emphasizing its electrical and optical attributes, state-of-the-art synthesis techniques, and device applications. Key advancements in low-temperature growth methods for a-BN are highlighted, offering insights into their potential for integration into scalable, CMOS-compatible platforms. Additionally, the review discusses the emerging role of a-BN as a dielectric material in electronic and photonic devices, serving as substrates, encapsulation layers, and gate insulators. Finally, perspectives on future challenges, including defect control, interface engineering, and scalability, are presented, providing a roadmap for realizing the full potential of a-BN in next-generation device technologies.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":712,"journal":{"name":"Nano Convergence","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://nanoconvergencejournal.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40580-025-00486-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143900737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced voltage and capacitance in flexible supercapacitors using electrospun nanofiber electrolytes and CuNi2O3@N-Doped omnichannel carbon electrodes","authors":"Ponnaiah Sathish Kumar,&nbsp;Jihoon Bae,&nbsp;Jong Wook Roh,&nbsp;Yuho Min,&nbsp;Sungwon Lee","doi":"10.1186/s40580-025-00485-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40580-025-00485-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Developing functional solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) is crucial for flexible, lightweight, and portable supercapacitors. This work presents an electrospinning approach to fabricate SPEs using poly(vinyl alcohol)-sodium chloride (PVA-NaCl) nanofibers (PNNF). CuNi₂O₃ nanoparticles deposited on nitrogen-doped omnichannel carbon nanofibers (CuNi₂O₃@N-OCCFs), coated onto a carbon cloth (CC), serve as the positive electrode, enhancing faradaic capacitance. Meanwhile, the rationally designed N-OCCFs, also coated onto CC, function as the negative electrode, providing a high-surface-area, and facilitating rapid electron transport. Comprehensive characterization revealed insights into the morphology and chemical composition of both electrodes and the PNNF electrolyte. An all-solid-state asymmetric flexible supercapacitor (AFSC) device, CuNi₂O₃@N-OCCFs-1.5//N-OCCFs-1.5, was assembled using PNNF as both the electrolyte and separator and evaluated against devices employing gel and aqueous electrolytes. The PNNF electrolyte enabled a wider potential window (2.2 V) compared to gel (2.0 V) and liquid (1.8 V) electrolytes. The AFSC achieved an impressive energy density of 63.6 Wh kg⁻¹ at a power density of 1100 W kg⁻¹, with 96.2% capacitance retention after 6000 charge/discharge cycles at 10 A g⁻¹. When two devices were connected in series, they powered a red LED for 5.33 min and a blue LED for 1.43 min, demonstrating practical applicability. This study provides a simple and effective strategy for fabricating high-energy–density AFSCs with excellent cycling stability and broad potential for flexible electronics.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":712,"journal":{"name":"Nano Convergence","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://nanoconvergencejournal.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40580-025-00485-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143888639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tumor-specific biochemical nanoconversion of self-assembled peptide-conjugated paclitaxel-docetaxel-based nanoparticles","authors":"Hansol Lim,&nbsp;Jae-Hyeon Lee,&nbsp;So-Hyeon Park,&nbsp;Jun-Hyuck Lee,&nbsp;Hyesu Jang,&nbsp;Seong-Bin Yang,&nbsp;Minho Seo,&nbsp;Seokwoo Lee,&nbsp;Jooho Park","doi":"10.1186/s40580-025-00487-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40580-025-00487-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Docetaxel (DTX, <b>1</b>) and paclitaxel (PTX, <b>2</b>) are famous cytotoxic agents widely used in cancer therapy, however, their low specificity for tumor cells often results in severe systemic toxicity. Beyond conventional prodrug strategies, this study introduces a novel nanoconversion technology that chemically modifies DTX to form self-assembled nanoparticles (NPs), which subsequently convert into a paclitaxel-mimicking molecule (PTXm, <b>3</b>). Hydrophilic acetylated Phe-Arg-Arg-Phe peptide ((Ac)FRRF, <b>4</b>) and hydrophobic docetaxel were conjugated to prepare self-assembled (Ac)FRRF-DTX NPs. The selective cleavage of the Arg-Phe bond by cathepsin B, which is abundant in cancer cells, facilitated the nanoconversion of PTXm (<b>3</b>) from (Ac)FRRF-DTX NPs, demonstrating effective cytotoxic effects. Utilizing the cleavage site of peptide and specific sequences (ex. Arg-Arg-Phe), this approach does not simply act as a prodrug but allows the nanomaterial to transform into another cytotoxic biomolecule within tumors. (Ac)FRRF-DTX NPs exhibited remarkable physicochemical properties, superior anti-cancer efficacy, and low toxicity, showcasing an innovative conversion in peptide-conjugated nanomedicine. Unlike traditional prodrug chemistry, this tumor-specific nanoconversion process involves the biochemical transformation of DTX (<b>1</b>) into PTXm (<b>3</b>) via enzymatic action. Overall, this study provides an outstanding example of chemical drug molecular modification through the concept of nanoconversion.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":712,"journal":{"name":"Nano Convergence","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://nanoconvergencejournal.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40580-025-00487-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143877700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guided electrocatalyst design through in-situ techniques and data mining approaches","authors":"Mingyu Ma,&nbsp;Yuqing Wang,&nbsp;Yanting Liu,&nbsp;Shasha Guo,&nbsp;Zheng Liu","doi":"10.1186/s40580-025-00484-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40580-025-00484-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Intuitive design strategies, primarily based on literature research and trial-and-error efforts, have significantly contributed to advancements in the electrocatalyst field. However, the inherently time-consuming and inconsistent nature of these methods presents substantial challenges in accelerating the discovery of high-performance electrocatalysts. To this end, guided design approaches, including in-situ experimental techniques and data mining, have emerged as powerful catalyst design and optimization tools. The former offers valuable insights into the reaction mechanisms, while the latter identifies patterns within large catalyst databases. In this review, we first present the examples using in-situ experimental techniques, emphasizing a detailed analysis of their strengths and limitations. Then, we explore advancements in data-mining-driven catalyst development, highlighting how data-driven approaches complement experimental methods to accelerate the discovery and optimization of high-performance catalysts. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and possible solutions for guided catalyst design. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of current methodologies and inspire future innovations in electrocatalytic research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":712,"journal":{"name":"Nano Convergence","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://nanoconvergencejournal.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40580-025-00484-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143848969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of CuFeSe2 ternary nanozymes for multimodal triple negative breast cancer theranostics","authors":"Chunmei Yang,&nbsp;Lihong Li,&nbsp;Mingdong Li,&nbsp;Yue Shu,&nbsp;Yiping Luo,&nbsp;Didi Gu,&nbsp;Xin Zhu,&nbsp;Jing Chen,&nbsp;Lu Yang,&nbsp;Jian Shu","doi":"10.1186/s40580-025-00483-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40580-025-00483-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains a challenge for clinical diagnosis and therapy due to its poor prognosis and high mortality rate. Hence, new methods to achieve TNBC imaging and imaging-guided TNBC therapy are urgently needed. Currently, the combination of chemotherapy with phototherapy/catalytic therapy has become a promising strategy for cancer treatment. Here, multifunctional CuFeSe₂ ternary nanozymes (CuFeSe₂-AMD3100-Gem nanosheets) were prepared as high-performance nanotheranostic agents for imaging-guided synergistic therapy of TNBC in vitro and in vivo. CuFeSe₂-AMD3100-Gem nanosheets not only exhibited outstanding CXCR4-targeted capability and superior photothermal properties, but also produced exact chemical cytotoxicity through the loading of the chemotherapy drug Gemcitabine. Specifically, the CuFeSe₂-AMD3100-Gem nanosheets simultaneously possessed peroxidase-like activities capable of converting endogenous H₂O₂ to hydroxyl radicals (•OH), which could be significantly enhanced under light irradiation. Furthermore, these nanosheets showed remarkable multimodal imaging ability for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT) and infrared thermography in TNBC tumor-bearing mice (4T1 cells). More importantly, the in vitro and in vivo results verified the significant synergistic anticancer effect of the CuFeSe₂-AMD3100-Gem nanosheets by combining photothermal therapy and enzyme catalytic therapy with chemotherapy. In conclusion, these advantages demonstrate the powerful potential of CuFeSe₂ ternary nanozymes for imaging-guided synergistic photothermal/catalytic/chemical therapy for TNBC.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":712,"journal":{"name":"Nano Convergence","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://nanoconvergencejournal.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40580-025-00483-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143761752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defect passivation of hafnium oxide ferroelectric tunnel junction using forming gas annealing for neuromorphic applications","authors":"Manh-Cuong Nguyen,&nbsp;Kyung Kyu Min,&nbsp;Wonjun Shin,&nbsp;Jiyong Yim,&nbsp;Rino Choi,&nbsp;Daewoong Kwon","doi":"10.1186/s40580-025-00481-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40580-025-00481-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Forming gas annealing (FGA) is applied to HfO_x ferroelectric tunnel junction (FTJ) synaptic devices to passivate defects and reduce trap-assisted-tunneling (TAT). Without FGA, TAT caused by defects in metal–ferroelectric–insulator–semiconductor (MFIS) FTJ stack dominates the conduction mechanism in FTJs and results in no memory window (MW). The reduction of defects or TAT after FGA reveals the effect of polarization switching on the FTJ performance. Consequently, linear/symmetric potentiation and depression (P/D) characteristics of FTJ after FGA with stable repeatability are obtained. Owing to the FGA-induced linearity and symmetricity of P/D, a learning accuracy of approximately 90% is achieved via pattern recognition simulations utilizing HfO_x FTJ crossbar.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":712,"journal":{"name":"Nano Convergence","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://nanoconvergencejournal.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40580-025-00481-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143688272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microinjection molded microwell array-based portable digital PCR system for the detection of infectious respiratory viruses","authors":"Ji Wook Choi,&nbsp;Daekyeong Jung,&nbsp;Yoo Min Park,&nbsp;Nam Ho Bae,&nbsp;Seok Jae Lee,&nbsp;Donggee Rho,&nbsp;Bong Geun Chung,&nbsp;Kyoung G. Lee","doi":"10.1186/s40580-025-00482-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40580-025-00482-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In molecular diagnostics, the digital polymerase chain reaction (dPCR) has been considered a promising point-of-care testing (POCT) method for the rapid and accurate analysis of respiratory infections. To improve its practical applicability, it is necessary to develop a mass-producible and reproducible dPCR system for nucleic acid partitioning; additionally, the system must provide a customized portable analysis. In this study, we report an advanced mass-production method for the fabrication of microwell array-based dPCR chips suitable for nucleic acid partitioning and a compact fluorescence signal analysis dPCR system. Based on metal mold fabrication, different microwell sizes with diameters in the 100–200 μm range and pitches in the 200–400 μm range are designed and successfully fabricated using photolithography, metal electroplating, and injection molding techniques. Additionally, a battery-operated dPCR system utilizing digitalized fluorescence signal analysis is developed for on-site detection. To verify the chip and system applicability, the infectious human coronavirus is analyzed using different nucleic acid concentrations. By evaluating the performance of the dPCR chips and system, accurate and quantitative virus analysis results are obtained, verifying the portability, easy use, and reproducibility of the chips and system. Furthermore, the detection results obtained using the fabricated chips and the developed system are similar to the results obtained using commercially available systems, verifying that the proposed dPCR chips and system exhibit sensitivity, accuracy, reliability, and reproducibility in the quantitative molecular analysis of infectious diseases.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":712,"journal":{"name":"Nano Convergence","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://nanoconvergencejournal.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40580-025-00482-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of La and Si additives in Zr-doped HfO2 capacitors for pseudo-linear high-κ dielectric applications","authors":"Minjong Lee,&nbsp;Yong Chan Jung,&nbsp;Jin-Hyun Kim,&nbsp;Dushyant M. Narayan,&nbsp;Sehun Kang,&nbsp;Woo Young Park,&nbsp;Kivin Im,&nbsp;Jiyoung Kim","doi":"10.1186/s40580-025-00477-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40580-025-00477-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the impact of dopants on Hf_1–xZr_xO₂-based capacitors for high-performance, hysteresis-free dielectric applications. Control of the crystalline structure of Hf_1–xZr_xO₂ films is crucial for achieving superior dielectric properties. The tetragonal (t) phase of Hf_1–xZr_xO₂ exhibits anti-ferroelectric (AFE) characteristics and shows promise due to its high dielectric constant (κ). However, hysteresis behavior in polarization–voltage sweeps due to AFE behavior presents a significant challenge, primarily due to the high energy loss when implemented in dynamic random-access-memory (DRAM) applications. To achieve hysteresis-free operation, this study focuses on suppressing AFE switching within the DRAM voltage range through Si or La doping in Hf_1–xZr_xO₂ films. Introducing small amounts of Si or La (&lt; 1%) into Hf_1–xZr_xO₂ capacitors effectively diminishes AFE switching by influencing which structural phases are favored: Si doping tends to favor the amorphous phase, while La doping promotes the formation of the t-phase. La doping shows particular promise in enhancing pseudo-linear dielectric performance. ~ 0.9% La-doped Hf_0.25Zr_0.75O₂ capacitors exhibit a markedly improved equivalent oxide thickness (EOT) of ~ 4.8 Å and a reduced leakage current density (J_leak) of ~ 10^–7 A/cm² at 1 V, achieved at back-end-of-line (BEOL) compatible temperatures (&lt; 400 °C). These results demonstrate a promising strategy for advancing energy-efficient high-κ dielectric materials in next-generation memory devices, offering a balanced combination of high capacitance, low leakage current, and BEOL compatibility.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":712,"journal":{"name":"Nano Convergence","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://nanoconvergencejournal.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40580-025-00477-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143564396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electronic threshold switching of As-embedded SiO2 selectors: charged oxygen vacancy model","authors":"Hye Rim Kim,&nbsp;Tae Jun Seok,&nbsp;Tae Jung Ha,&nbsp;Jeong Hwan Song,&nbsp;Kyun Seong Dae,&nbsp;Sang Gil Lee,&nbsp;Hyun Seung Choi,&nbsp;Su Yong Park,&nbsp;Byung Joon Choi,&nbsp;Jae Hyuck Jang,&nbsp;Soo Gil Kim,&nbsp;Tae Joo Park","doi":"10.1186/s40580-025-00480-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40580-025-00480-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sneak current issues in crossbar arrays of non-volatile memories can be effectively alleviated using threshold switching (TS)-based selectors. However, 1-selector–1-resistor integration requires coherence between the constituent materials and operational parameters of the two components. Here, we propose a highly coherent selector via in-depth investigation of the operation process of a fab-friendly As-SiO₂ selector unit. The structural and electrical characteristics of an As-embedded SiO₂ selector are analyzed, and the TS-on and -off operational mechanism is presented. Further, the critical control elements governing the selector operation are identified, including the electron charging into the oxygen vacancies in the SiO₂ matrix and energy band alignment between the As cluster and charged oxygen vacancies in SiO₂. Consequently, practical control strategies for the TS behavior are proposed with a pulse scheme applicable to actual device operation. The proposed TS operational mechanism and analytical methodology can contribute to interpreting and integrating various memory/selector components, thereby advancing their operational and integrative research.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":712,"journal":{"name":"Nano Convergence","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://nanoconvergencejournal.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40580-025-00480-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143553799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}