Nano Convergence最新文献

{"title":"Advanced WBG power semiconductor packaging: nanomaterials and nanotechnologies for high-performance die attach paste","authors":"Young-Min Ju,&nbsp;Tae-Wan Kim,&nbsp;Seung-Hyun Lee,&nbsp;Ho-Jin Lee,&nbsp;Jinho Ahn,&nbsp;Hak-Sung Kim","doi":"10.1186/s40580-025-00503-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40580-025-00503-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Wide bandgap (WBG) power semiconductors have attracted significant attention from both academia and industry because they are superior to conventional silicon-based devices. In WBG power semiconductor packages, die attach materials play a crucial role in maximizing device performance and reliability. The die attach interfaces in WBG packages must withstand high operating temperatures (200–300 °C), fast switching frequencies, and great power densities while maintaining excellent thermomechanical reliability. Traditional die attach materials have significant limitations when applied to WBG devices, which has led to intensive research into nanomaterial-based alternatives during the past decade. This review summarizes current state-of-the-art nano-enabled die attach technologies: nanocomposite solders, nano-sintering approaches, and novel nanomaterial formulations specifically engineered for WBG power semiconductor packages. We examine the fundamental mechanisms behind the performance of nanomaterial die attach solutions and their ability to address the thermal management challenges of WBG devices. Furthermore, we examine the reliability of these materials in extreme operating conditions by evaluating their thermal cycling performance, shear strength stability, and microstructural evolution.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":712,"journal":{"name":"Nano Convergence","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12287503/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144688554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel electrostatic dry lift-off and transfer route for vertically aligned nanocomposite oxide thin films","authors":"Matthew P. Wells,&nbsp;Babak Bakhit,&nbsp;Simon M. Fairclough,&nbsp;Jordi J. H. Weingard,&nbsp;Caterina Ducati,&nbsp;Judith L. MacManus-Driscoll","doi":"10.1186/s40580-025-00494-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40580-025-00494-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Highly oriented oxide thin films hold substantial relevance to a wide range of fields. A major challenge is their integration with technological substrates, such as flexible polymers and silicon. While multiple strategies for the lift-off and transfer of high-quality oxide thin films have been widely explored, it remains a challenge to easily transfer films with low defect levels. In this work, we introduce a novel and effective strategy for achieving high-quality, freestanding perovskite oxide thin films. We first demonstrate that highly oriented perovskite oxides, as both single-phase films and vertically aligned nanocomposite (VAN) films, can be grown by pulsed laser deposition on single crystal NaCl, as not shown before. We next show that the VAN films, unlike single-phase films, can be readily, electrostatically, dry lifted-off the substrate. The success of the lift-off technique is enabled by (i) a high thermal expansion mismatch of the film, producing compression in the film, and (ii) lack of elastic strain relief in the out-of-plane direction in the VAN film. Finally, we show that a VAN cathode film can be incorporated into a proof-of-concept micro-solid oxide fuel cell structure, and that it is of good structural quality as demonstrated by performance comparable to equivalent VAN films grown on single crystal YSZ. Thus, we developed an entirely new way to lift-off and transfer highly oriented oxide thin films for use in a wide variety of electronic applications.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":712,"journal":{"name":"Nano Convergence","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12274158/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144658055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deterministic quantum dot cavity placement using hyperspectral imaging with high spatial accuracy and precision","authors":"Quirin Buchinger,&nbsp;Constantin Krause,&nbsp;Aileen Zhang,&nbsp;Giora Peniakov,&nbsp;Mohamed Helal,&nbsp;Yorick Reum,&nbsp;Andreas Theo Pfenning,&nbsp;Sven Höfling,&nbsp;Tobias Huber-Loyola","doi":"10.1186/s40580-025-00501-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40580-025-00501-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Single emitters in solid state are promising sources of single and entangled photons. To boost their extraction efficiency and tailor their emission properties, they are often incorporated in photonic nanostructures. However, achieving accurate and reproducible placement inside the cavity is challenging but necessary to ensure the highest mode overlap and optimal device performance. For many cavity types —such as photonic crystal cavities or circular Bragg grating cavities — even small displacements lead to a significantly reduced emitter-cavity coupling. For circular Bragg grating cavities, this yields a significant reduction in Purcell effect, a slight reduction in efficiency and it introduces polarization on the emitted photons. Here we show a method to achieve high accuracy and precision for deterministically placed cavities on the example of circular Bragg gratings on randomly distributed semiconductor quantum dots. We introduce periodic alignment markers for improved marker detection accuracy and investigate overall imaging accuracy achieving (9.1 ± 2.5) nm through image correction. Since circular Bragg grating cavities exhibit a strong polarization response when the emitter is displaced, they are ideal devices to probe the cavity placement accuracy far below the diffraction limit. From the measured device polarizations, we derive a total spatial process accuracy of (33.5 ± 9.9) nm based on the raw data, and an accuracy of (15 ± 11) nm after correcting for the system response, resulting in a device yield of 68% for well-placed cavities.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":712,"journal":{"name":"Nano Convergence","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12267725/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144641370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning techniques for lipid nanoparticle formulation","authors":"Hao Li,&nbsp;Yayi Zhao,&nbsp;Chenjie Xu","doi":"10.1186/s40580-025-00502-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40580-025-00502-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A significant amount of effort has been poured into optimizing the delivery system that is demanded by novel therapeutic modalities. Lipid nanoparticle presents as a solution to transfect cells safely and efficiently with nucleic acid-based therapeutics. Among the components that make up the lipid nanoparticle, ionizable lipids are crucial for the transfection efficiency. Traditionally, the design of ionizable lipids relies on literature search and personal experience. With advancements in computer science, we argue that the use of machine learning can accelerate the design of ionizable lipids systematically. Assuming researchers in lipid nanoparticle synthesis may come from various backgrounds, an entry-level guide is needed to outline and summarize the general workflow of incorporating machine learning for those unfamiliar with it. We hope this can jumpstart the use of machine learning in their projects.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":712,"journal":{"name":"Nano Convergence","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12263518/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144641441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-dimensional metal chalcogenides for wearable gas sensing","authors":"Yanyan Li,&nbsp;Yuxiang Zhang,&nbsp;Haiyun Ma,&nbsp;Yi Wan,&nbsp;Tianshuo Zhao","doi":"10.1186/s40580-025-00500-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40580-025-00500-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Real-time monitoring of the surrounding gas environment, including our inhaled and exhaled atmosphere, is a crucial but underdeveloped technology for personalized healthcare. Recent advancements in wearable sensing technologies and AI algorithms promise the realization of more powerful wearable gas sensing systems, such as electronic noses. However, fundamental studies are still ongoing in seeking efficient gas sensing materials, transducing mechanisms, and device structures to meet the basic requirement of wearability and low power operation. Low-dimensional metal chalcogenides have attracted significant attention in building flexible gas sensors with room-temperature operation. Their controllable synthesis and post-synthesis treatment allow precise manipulation of the gas adsorption and charge transfer process. Their high surface-to-volume ratio, abundant active surface sites, and tunable electronic properties enable high sensitivity and selectivity, and fast response/recovery even without thermal activation. This review begins with an overview of three transducing mechanisms, providing a comprehensive understanding of the gas sensing process. Aiming at achieving efficient transducers, different types of low-dimensional metal chalcogenides, especially the 0D quantum dots and 2D nanosheets families, have been discussed regarding their synthesis methods and key material design strategies. State-of-the-art low-dimensional metal chalcogenide gas sensors are analyzed based on their modifications to the gas adsorption energy, charge transfer rate, and other fundamental parameters. Moreover, potential system construction towards smart and wearable gas sensor devices has been described with the integration of diversified sensor arrays, wireless communication technologies, and AI algorithms. Finally, we propose the remaining challenges and outlook for developing low-dimensional metal chalcogenide wearable gas sensing and eventually achieving accurate gas mixture classification and odor recognition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":712,"journal":{"name":"Nano Convergence","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12246345/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144599063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Sacrificial layer concept interface engineering for robust, lossless monolithic integration of perovskite/Si tandem solar cells yielding high fill factor of 0.813","authors":"Yoon Hee Jang,&nbsp;Youngseok Lee,&nbsp;Hyeon Sik Seo,&nbsp;Haram Lee,&nbsp;Kyoung-jin Lim,&nbsp;Jung-Kun Lee,&nbsp;Jaeyeong Heo,&nbsp;Inho Kim,&nbsp;Doh-Kwon Lee","doi":"10.1186/s40580-025-00497-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40580-025-00497-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":712,"journal":{"name":"Nano Convergence","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12209480/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144525919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-modulating therapeutic platform using engineered miRNA-responsive oligonucleotides","authors":"Doyeong Ku,&nbsp;Hansol Kim,&nbsp;JinA Lim,&nbsp;Jayeon Song,&nbsp;Junhyeok Yoon,&nbsp;Liu Jun,&nbsp;Su-Ji Min,&nbsp;Ryeongeun Cho,&nbsp;Namseok Lee,&nbsp;Kyunghoon Hur,&nbsp;Jong-Eun Park,&nbsp;Luke P. Lee,&nbsp;Junshik Hong,&nbsp;Yoosik Kim,&nbsp;Hyun Gyu Park","doi":"10.1186/s40580-025-00499-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40580-025-00499-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Due to a pivotal role in the post-transcriptional regulation of genes implicated in numerous diseases, miRNAs serve as promising disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets. We introduce a new oligonucleotide probe termed miRNA-trigger, which selectively downregulates newly assigned target mRNAs by hijacking specific miRNAs. By engineering the miRNA-trigger to suppress the anti-apoptotic <i>BCL-xL</i> gene, we induce apoptosis selectively in breast cancer cells overexpressing specific miRNAs and further validate its therapeutic efficacy in vivo, by significantly reducing the tumor volume of the xenograft mouse upon its tail-vein injection. This approach establishes a new platform for self-modulating oligonucleotide therapy by redirecting disease-associated miRNAs.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":712,"journal":{"name":"Nano Convergence","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12209101/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144525921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Divalent Europium-containing colloidal metal halide nanocrystals for light-emitting applications","authors":"Ho Young Woo,&nbsp;Mi Yeon Yu,&nbsp;Seung Hyeon Kim,&nbsp;Da Won Lee,&nbsp;Yoonjoo Choi,&nbsp;Yerin Kim,&nbsp;Giyong Park,&nbsp;Hyungyoon Choi,&nbsp;Taejong Paik","doi":"10.1186/s40580-025-00496-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40580-025-00496-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Lanthanide-based inorganic nanomaterials have been widely utilized as luminescent materials for broad-ranging applications in lighting, display, and optoelectronic devices. Among lanthanide elements, divalent europium (Eu²⁺) has recently gained significant attention owing to its excellent photoluminescence (PL) properties, such as a short radiative decay lifetime, narrow PL bandwidth, and wide emission range from ultraviolet to near-infrared. Particularly, colloidal metal halide nanocrystals (MHNCs) offer unique advantages as inorganic hosts for Eu²⁺ owing to their excellent phase purity, chemical and optical stability, and colloidal stability for facile integration via solution processes. In addition, the PL properties of Eu²⁺, originating from the parity-allowed 4f–5d transitions, can be precisely controlled by tuning the phase and compositions of MHNCs. Therefore, an in-depth understanding of the Eu²⁺ PL mechanism and synthesis of phase-pure MHNCs is essential for the advancement of Eu²⁺-based MHNCs as novel emitters. This review summarizes recent developments in Eu²⁺-based colloidal MHNCs and their PL properties. First, the local factors affecting the luminescence properties of Eu²⁺ in inorganic hosts are discussed. Subsequently, recent advances in the synthesis of Eu²⁺-based MHNCs using different host–dopant frameworks, their optical proprieties, and applications are outlined. This comprehensive review provides valuable insights for designing high-performance emitters, particularly for achieving deep-blue emission in light-emitting diodes and high-energy scintillators. </p><h3>Graphic Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":712,"journal":{"name":"Nano Convergence","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12206695/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144525920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing solar energy applications with graphene: the potential of minimally oxidized graphene","authors":"Qiang Chen,&nbsp;Jewook Kim,&nbsp;Myungwoo Choi,&nbsp;Seokwoo Jeon","doi":"10.1186/s40580-025-00498-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40580-025-00498-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Integrating carbon nanomaterials into solar energy technologies has emerged as a promising strategy to improve efficiency, scalability, and sustainability. Although graphene has excellent carrier mobility, electrical conductivity, and optical transparency, graphene derivatives such as graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) suffer from significant structural defects and disruption of the sp²-hybridized carbon lattice caused by oxidative processing, severely limiting their electronic and optoelectronic performances. To address these limitations, minimally oxidized graphene (MOG), which includes non-oxidized graphene flakes (NOGFs) and low-oxidized graphene quantum dots (GQDs), has been developed via a nondestructive approach based on ion or molecular intercalation followed by liquid-phase exfoliation. These materials retain the integrity of a π-conjugated network and offer tunable functionalities and solution processability. NOGFs exhibit high conductivity, broadband light absorption, and thermal stability, making them ideal materials for use in solar cell electrodes, photothermal absorbers, and photocatalytic scaffolds. GQDs with tunable bandgaps and abundant functional groups serve as interfacial modifiers in solar cells and as active sites for photocatalysis. This review summarizes recent advances in MOG, focusing on structure–property–performance relationships and applications in solar energy conversion. A comparative evaluation with conventional GO/rGO-based systems is presented along with future directions toward developing high-efficiency graphene-enabled solar technologies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":712,"journal":{"name":"Nano Convergence","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12204958/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144504439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biohybrid motor neuron spheroid composed of graphene/HUVEC/neural cell for 3D biosensing system to evaluate drug of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","authors":"Minkyu Shin,&nbsp;Taehyeong Ha,&nbsp;Sangeun Lee,&nbsp;Chenzhong Li,&nbsp;Jin-Ha Choi,&nbsp;Jeong-Woo Choi","doi":"10.1186/s40580-025-00495-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40580-025-00495-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A 3D motor neuron (MN) spheroid has been developed to investigate neurodegenerative and neuromuscular junction (NMJ) disease. However, core necrosis and reduced neurogenesis, impairing neural network formation, were observed as the MN spheroid matured. In this study, to enhance neural network formation, a biohybrid MN spheroid composed of neural cells/reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was generated for the first time and applied to 3D biosensing system for MNJ disease. By incorporating rGO and HUVECs at the onset of human neural stem cell (hNSC) culture, rGO and HUVECs were evenly distributed within MN spheroid generated by differentiation of hNSC, which improved oxygen- and nutrient- supply by reduction of core necrosis, and enhanced neurogenesis. The fabricated biohybrid MN spheroid improved neural network formation and electrophysiological signal. This method was also applied to generate biohybrid cerebral organoids from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), emphasizing its versatility for diverse 3D neural models. Then, a 3D NMJ biosensing system was fabricated by positioning the biohybrid MN spheroid with muscle bundles to evaluate its utility in neuromuscular disease modeling. Biohybrid MN spheroids generated from induced pluripotent stem cells of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients were used to make NMJ. Reduced contraction of the connected muscle bundle due to ALS could be restored by upon treatment with the bosutinib, ALS drug, demonstrating the potential use for drug screening. The method to generate biohybrid spheroid can be applied to generation of various biohybrid brain organoids, and the proposed 3D NMJ biosensing system can be used to drug screening of diverse neuromuscular diseases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":712,"journal":{"name":"Nano Convergence","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12202271/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144493350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}