Nano Convergence最新文献

{"title":"Laser-irradiated coffee waste: a path to eco-friendly anode materials for lithium-ion batteries","authors":"Si Eun Park,&nbsp;Tongmei Jing,&nbsp;Mee-Ree Kim,&nbsp;Dongwook Yang,&nbsp;Han Ku Nam,&nbsp;Sangbaek Park,&nbsp;Young-Jin Kim","doi":"10.1186/s40580-026-00561-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40580-026-00561-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hard carbon is being actively explored as a candidate anode material for next-generation batteries, offering ion storage mechanisms distinct from and potentially advantageous to those of graphite. However, conventional synthesis of hard carbon usually relies on high-temperature pyrolysis and chemical activation, which involve high energy consumption and environmental challenges. Spent coffee grounds (SCGs), generated in large amounts worldwide, represent an abundant biomass resource with high carbon content that is often discarded with limited recycling. In this study, SCGs were directly converted into hard carbon and partially graphitized structures using femtosecond laser direct writing (FsLDW) under solvent-free and non-vacuum conditions. Localized photothermal reactions induced by the ultrashort pulses promoted particle consolidation and structural rearrangement, and by varying the laser parameters, the carbonization pathway could be directed to favor either hard carbon or graphene domains. A copper substrate was deliberately employed to spontaneously generate copper compound nanoparticles, which were subsequently etched to create micro-porous carbon with tunable pore characteristics. This laser-based approach provides a controllable and one-step pathway for transforming SCGs into functional carbon anodes, highlighting the potential to selectively prepare materials suitable for both lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries by adjusting only the laser conditions. While this study focused on lithium-ion battery applications, the tunable control of carbon structure and porosity offers the possibility of extending this strategy to sodium-ion batteries.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div><div><p>Femtosecond laser converts spent coffee grounds into laser-induced hard carbon and graphene (LIH–LIG) composites, enabling eco-friendly anode materials for high-performance lithium-ion batteries</p></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":712,"journal":{"name":"Nano Convergence","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40580-026-00561-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148343686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic photothermal and magnetothermal heat generation with Sc-doped iron oxide nanoflakes: a platform for potential bimodal tumor therapy","authors":"Ihtisham Ahmad Butt,&nbsp;Naihan Chen,&nbsp;Wei Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s40580-026-00558-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40580-026-00558-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Enhancement of specific absorption rate (SAR) of iron oxide (Fe₃O₄) is crucial for ensuring selectivity of hyperthermia tumor therapy, yet both magnetothermal and photothermal approaches endure shortcomings i.e., high dosage and laser power densities, that compromise therapeutic efficacy. This work reports the Scandium (Sc) doped Fe₃O₄ nanoflakes synthesized by sol-gel route with superior heat generation properties enabling bimodal tumor therapy. The novel <span>( {text{Sc}}_{{0.05}} left[ {{text{Fe}}^{{2 + }} {text{Fe}}^{{3 + }} _{{1.95}} } right]{text{O}}_{4} )</span> nanoflakes superstructure exhibits pronounced optical extinction and a high saturation magnetization of 90.33 emu/g, arising from lattice expansion and enhanced magnetic exchange coupling. Photothermal conversion efficiency reached 66.84%, while SAR value under magnetic field (32 kA/m, 100 kHz) peaked at 1311.24 W/g (intrinsic loss power (ILP): 11.34 nHm²/kg). Under 808 nm laser exposure (2 W/cm²), photothermal SAR reached to 3480.84 W/g and with combined bimodal (LASER + AMF) heating the SAR synergically boosted to 11857.53 W/g due to temperature modulated magnetic and optical relaxation supporting each other. The material exhibits excellent biocompatibility and in vitro tumor ablation with A375 cell line using small (1 mg/mL) dosage under minimal magnetic field and laser parameters.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":712,"journal":{"name":"Nano Convergence","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40580-026-00558-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148323603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2D MoS2-conformal 3D-printed platform for dual-phototherapy and bone regeneration","authors":"Jong Hwa Seo,&nbsp;Inho Choi,&nbsp;Hyun Lee,&nbsp;Seojoon Bang,&nbsp;Hyeong Seok Kang,&nbsp;Chan Ho Moon,&nbsp;Ju Yeong Gwon,&nbsp;Nayoung Lee,&nbsp;Geonwoo Kim,&nbsp;Yun-Ha Cho,&nbsp;Sejin Choi,&nbsp;Hyojin Joo,&nbsp;Ji-Hye Kim,&nbsp;Eunsaem Song,&nbsp;Jihoon Kim,&nbsp;Dongjun Kim,&nbsp;Sungsu Kang,&nbsp;Dong Yun Lee,&nbsp;Donghyun Lim,&nbsp;Kisuk Yang,&nbsp;Gi Doo Cha,&nbsp;Soo-Hong Lee,&nbsp;Jungwon Park,&nbsp;Min-Ho Kang,&nbsp;Hyun-Do Jung","doi":"10.1186/s40580-026-00559-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40580-026-00559-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Osteosarcoma has poor prognosis owing to its aggressive metastasis and high recurrence rates due to residual cancer cells which are common even after surgical resection. In addition, for irregular defects, site-specific design is essential to ensure anatomical conformity. Consequently, a critical demand exists for a theragenerative approach that simultaneously provides structural reconstruction and functional eradication of residual cancer cells. Herein, we present a patient-specific 3D-printed theragenerative polyetheretherketone (PEEK) scaffold integrated with biofunctional 2D molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) to impart enhanced bioactivity and dual-phototherapy. 2D monolayer MoS₂ synthesized via nanoseed-initiated atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (APCVD) was subsequently integrated onto the 3D-printed PEEK through a polymer-assisted transfer process. The fabricated 2D MoS₂-conformal 3D-printed PEEK scaffold (MoS₂@PEEK) enabled simultaneous photothermal and photodynamic therapy via the intrinsic photoresponsive properties MoS₂. Under dual-wavelength irradiation, this combined phototherapy effectively induced pronounced cancer cell apoptosis and exhibited antibacterial activity through the synergistic effects of localized hyperthermia and reactive oxygen species generation. In contrast, under the same photothermal stimulation, pre-osteoblasts and vascular endothelial cells exhibited enhanced attachment, proliferation, and differentiation. Therefore, this theragenerative system represents a promising patient-specific platform for simultaneous tumor suppression, infection control, and bone regeneration after osteosarcoma resection.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":712,"journal":{"name":"Nano Convergence","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40580-026-00559-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148237178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-throughput discovery of Li3Sc2(PO4)3 as a protective coating for stabilizing mid-Ni NCM interfaces in all-solid-state batteries","authors":"Ji Hoon Kim,&nbsp;Seunghyun Lee,&nbsp;Sang Uck Lee","doi":"10.1186/s40580-026-00555-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40580-026-00555-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As all-solid-state battery (ASSB) technologies continue to advance, interest has resurfaced in mid-nickel (mid-Ni) LiNi_xCo_yMn_zO₂ (NCM; x = 0.5) cathodes due to their enhanced structural stability, reduced oxygen evolution, and higher capacities at elevated cutoff voltages compared to high-nickel compositions. However, interfacial degradation including parasitic reactions with solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) remains a major challenge. To address this issue, we conducted a high-throughput computational screening of oxide-based coating materials, evaluating their electrochemical stability, interfacial robustness, and Li-ion conductivity using Li–Li network descriptors. From this screening, 8 candidates were selected based on strict criteria. Among them, Li₃Sc₂(PO₄)₃ emerged as a particularly promising coating material, exhibiting strong electrochemical stability under high-voltage conditions (&gt; 4 V) and substantial ionic conductivity (0.2 mS/cm), exceeding that of most oxide-type SSEs, as confirmed by ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. Furthermore, large-scale molecular dynamics simulations using a universal machine-learning interatomic potential demonstrate its ability to suppress surface degradation of mid-Ni NCM and prevent [PS₄]³⁻ decomposition in Li₆PS₅Cl, confirming its potential as a protective coating. These findings highlight the effectiveness of our computational screening strategy for coating-material discovery and underscore the potential of Li₃Sc₂(PO₄)₃ as a robust interfacial layer for stabilizing mid-Ni ASSBs.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":712,"journal":{"name":"Nano Convergence","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40580-026-00555-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148161569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization strategies for crystal orientation in antimony-based chalcogenide thin-film solar cells","authors":"Xuefeng Chen,&nbsp;Xueling Chen,&nbsp;Hangrui Zhang,&nbsp;Yingying Mo,&nbsp;Xiaomin Wang,&nbsp;Xudong Xiao,&nbsp;Jianmin Li","doi":"10.1186/s40580-026-00557-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40580-026-00557-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Antimony chalcogenides are highly promising thin-film photovoltaic materials. However, their quasi-one-dimensional structure inherently causes severe transport anisotropy. The thermodynamically stable [hk0] horizontal orientation induces van der Waals barriers that hinder carrier transport, whereas the kinetically favorable [hk1] vertical orientation constructs efficient charge pathways and dangling-bond-free “benign grain boundaries”. Focusing on the thermodynamic and kinetic competition mechanisms during film growth, this review systematically summarizes recent optimization strategies for inducing the [hk1] preferred orientation. Four core approaches are highlighted: solvent and precursor engineering, deposition parameter optimization, interface and substrate engineering, and post-treatment reconstruction. Finally, we delineate the “structure-process-performance” relationship and provide perspectives on deep-level defect passivation, heterojunction band engineering, and flexible, large-area applications, aiming to guide the fabrication of high-efficiency antimony-based solar cells approaching their theoretical limit.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div><div><p>Focusing on the thermodynamic and kinetic competition mechanisms during film growth, this review systematically summarizes four core optimization strategies for inducing the [hk1] preferred orientation, aiming to guide the fabrication of high-efficiency antimony-based solar cells.</p></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":712,"journal":{"name":"Nano Convergence","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40580-026-00557-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148154826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engineering quantum dot surfaces to preserve protein-DNA interactions for single-molecule visualization","authors":"Youngseo Kim,&nbsp;Hyerim Kim,&nbsp;Munryul Choi,&nbsp;Hyun Suk Kim,&nbsp;Soyeong An,&nbsp;Orlando D. Schärer,&nbsp;Jongnam Park,&nbsp;Ja Yil Lee","doi":"10.1186/s40580-026-00556-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40580-026-00556-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Quantum dots (QDs) are fluorescent nanoparticles widely used for single-molecule imaging because of their exceptional brightness and photostability. However, the impact of QD surface chemistry on biomolecular interactions has not been systematically investigated. Here, we report that commercial QDs unexpectedly destabilize protein-DNA complexes by inducing protein dissociation from DNA. Using the human nucleotide excision repair protein, xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group A (XPA) as a model system, we demonstrate that antibody-conjugated QDs promote dissociation of XPA from DNA substrates, independently of sizes and surface modification of QDs, antibody types, epitope tags, buffer conditions, or DNA structures. We find that polyethylene glycol (PEG), a common polymer coating on QD surfaces, is the primary factor responsible for this effect. To tackle this problem, we engineered QDs with precisely controlled surface polymer compositions. By systematically changing the ratio of anchoring, hydrophilic, and PEG-based functional groups, we find that reducing PEG density below a critical threshold effectively suppresses protein dissociation while maintaining excellent colloidal stability and brightness. Furthermore, antibodies conjugated via click chemistry between azide groups and DBCO enabled specific labeling of XPA without perturbing the DNA binding activity. Using these optimized QDs, we conducted single-molecule DNA curtain assays to visualize XPA-DNA interactions. QD-labeled XPA exhibits one-dimensional diffusion with frequent pausing on undamaged DNA. DNA curtain assays revealed that XPA preferentially binds DNA bubbles and searches for bubble structures through both one-dimensional diffusion and three-dimensional collision. Quantitative analysis showed that three-dimensional collision is the dominant pathway for bubble recognition. Taken together, our results uncover a previously unrecognized limitation of PEG-coated QDs in single-molecule studies and provide an improved surface-engineering strategy to preserve native protein-DNA interactions. Newly engineered QDs establish robust platforms for accurate single-molecule visualization of biomolecular processes.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":712,"journal":{"name":"Nano Convergence","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40580-026-00556-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148147995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI-driven text mining of the female reproductive system: enabling multiscale biomedical modeling and personalized medicine","authors":"Gaeun Lee,&nbsp;Jeehyo Jeon,&nbsp;Sharon Jeeho Ham,&nbsp;Sieun Shin,&nbsp;Seo Yeon Kim,&nbsp;Hongsock Kim,&nbsp;Ju Yeon Lee,&nbsp;Heejin Woo,&nbsp;Jongwoo Ahn,&nbsp;Jungseub Lee,&nbsp;Seokyoung Bang,&nbsp;Susik Yoon,&nbsp;Jungho Ahn","doi":"10.1186/s40580-026-00554-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40580-026-00554-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The female reproductive system, including the endometrium, placenta, ovary, cervix, and fallopian tube, plays a critical role in conception, implantation, and fetal development. Recent advances in bioengineered models such as organoids, organ-on-a-chip platforms, and 3D bioprinting have expanded experimental capabilities, however, the rapid growth of this field has resulted in a large and fragmented body of literature, limiting systematic integration and analysis. Here, we present an artificial intelligence (AI)-driven text mining framework to systematically map research trends in the female reproductive system. A total of 347 peer-reviewed articles were collected and analyzed. Abstracts were embedded using BioBERT to capture contextual biomedical semantics. Subsequently, unsupervised topic modeling was performed using BERTopic with UMAP-based dimensionality reduction and HDBSCAN clustering. This analysis identified 15 fine-grained subtopics, which were further consolidated into six major thematic categories. The results show that current research is mainly focused on endometrial receptivity and implantation, placental barrier function and maternal–fetal interface, and tissue regeneration and biofabrication. In contrast, integrated multi-organ modeling and translational validation remain relatively underexplored. Overall, this AI-driven framework provides a quantitative and scalable approach to organizing complex biomedical literature. The findings offer a structured overview of the field and highlight emerging directions for multiscale modeling and personalized reproductive medicine.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":712,"journal":{"name":"Nano Convergence","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13222377/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148100902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoarchitectonics of nitrogen/selenium functionalized Co-ZIF-9(III) nanorod/nanosheet for nanomolar-level detection of nitrofurantoin antibiotics in environmental and biomedical samples","authors":"Harshitha B. Tyagaraj,&nbsp;Sanjay Ballur Prasanna,&nbsp;Gagankumar Sakleshpur Kumar,&nbsp;Ali Mohammadi,&nbsp;Swapnil R. Patil,&nbsp;Shalmali R. Burse,&nbsp;Amal Al Ghaferi,&nbsp;Ebrahim Al Hajri,&nbsp;Suk Soon Choi,&nbsp;Nilesh R. Chodankar,&nbsp;Yun Suk Huh,&nbsp;Young-Kyu Han","doi":"10.1186/s40580-026-00553-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40580-026-00553-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Designing and developing innovative, cost-effective nanomaterials with outstanding activity and durability remains a significant challenge for next-generation electrochemical sensors. Herein, we developed an energy-efficient approach to synthesize N/Se-functionalized Co-ZIF-9(III) (CZ@N/Se) nanohybrids with a unique nanorod/nanosheet morphology, which serve as a high-performance platform for ultrasensitive nitrofurantoin (NFT) sensing. The unique nanorod/nanosheet morphology of N/Se-doped CZ provides an excellent platform for NFT sensing by enhancing electron-transfer kinetics and generating a high density of active sites through the synergistic interaction between the Co-framework and N/Se dopants. These features facilitate efficient NFT adsorption and catalytic reduction, thereby markedly improving the electrochemical sensitivity and selectivity. With optimized mass loading, the CZ@N/Se nanohybrid exhibits exceptional repeatability and reproducibility in NFT detection, achieving a low detection limit of 1.03 nM and a high sensitivity of 3.783 µA µM⁻¹ cm⁻² as confirmed by multiple electrochemical measurements. Selectivity tests against potential interferents confirmed the sensor's excellent specificity, with negligible interference observed. Besides, the analysis of spiked environmental and biological samples demonstrated accurate detection, validating the sensor reliability and practical applicability for NFT determination in real-world settings.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":712,"journal":{"name":"Nano Convergence","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13222376/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148100892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in neuroprostheses: interfaces, materials, and applications","authors":"Enhui He,&nbsp;Kangming Chen,&nbsp;Shishuo Liu,&nbsp;Haisong Chen,&nbsp;Yu Xiao,&nbsp;Rongrong Chen,&nbsp;Peiqin Tu,&nbsp;Gang Pan,&nbsp;Peng Lin","doi":"10.1186/s40580-026-00552-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40580-026-00552-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Neuroprostheses have become a pivotal technology for restoring sensory, motor, and cognitive functions, offering transformative therapeutic strategies for neurological disorders by bridging or bypassing damaged neural pathways through electronic systems. However, achieving long-term stability and high-fidelity interaction between biological and electronic systems remains a significant challenge due to the mismatch at the neural interface. This review examines the critical role of nanotechnology in building high performance neuroprostheses across six key classes: motor, visual, tactile, language, memory and olfactory. A system architecture of the neuroprostheses is proposed that highlights two critical interfaces, namely, “neural-electronic” and “environment-electronic” interfaces. We survey recent advances in materials and devices that shape better neural electrodes and novel sensors, and discuss the potential utilization of neuromorphic computing for efficient edge processing in neuroprostheses. This review aims to outline future trajectories toward high-throughput bidirectional interaction, biomimetic encoding, and adaptive closed-loop systems, aspiring to achieve seamless integration between electronic systems and biological neural circuitry.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3> <div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":712,"journal":{"name":"Nano Convergence","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40580-026-00552-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148009838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of precursor origins of synthetic graphite anodes in lithium-ion batteries using LDI-MS and multivariate analysis","authors":"Inchan Yang,&nbsp;Yungyeong Bae,&nbsp;Jung-Chul An,&nbsp;Taejung Jung,&nbsp;Se Youn Cho,&nbsp;Young-Kwan Kim,&nbsp;Sungho Lee","doi":"10.1186/s40580-026-00551-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40580-026-00551-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Synthetic graphites have been widely used in industrial applications, including as anodes in lithium-ion batteries. Because they are produced at temperatures above 3000 °C, which generate highly ordered graphitic domains, there is typically no discernible evidence of their precursor materials. In this study, three types of graphite, coal tar based anisotropic graphite, petroleum fluid oil based anisotropic graphite, and coal tar based isotropic graphite, were prepared. Conventional characterization techniques such as X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and even electrochemical performance were unable to distinguish their precursors. Therefore, we introduced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) combined with multivariate statistical analysis to characterize three graphites prepared from different synthetic precursors as well as two commercial graphites. The resulting LDI-MS spectra were analyzed using principal component, hierarchical cluster, and heatmap analyses, which are widely used in clinical mass spectrometric diagnostics. Notably, LDI-MS coupled with multivariate statistics successfully classified the graphites depending on their precursor materials and processing parameters, such as heat-treatment temperature, whereas conventional analytical tools failed to reveal these differences. These results clearly demonstrate the strong potential of LDI-MS and statistical analysis for the precise characterization of carbon materials and for distinguishing their origins and processing routes.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":712,"journal":{"name":"Nano Convergence","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40580-026-00551-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148010059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}