Applied Surface Science最新文献

{"title":"Polymorph‒dependent defect chemistry of MnO2 nanorods: grain boundary and oxygen vacancy effects on burn rate enhancement in solid propellants","authors":"Santra Merin Saju, Anuj A. Vargeese","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.164932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.164932","url":null,"abstract":"The controlled synthesis of nanomaterials with tailored morphologies and crystal structures has emerged as a key strategy for optimizing catalytic performance through defect and interface engineering. Manganese dioxide (MnO₂), a transition-metal oxide, existing in multiple polymorphs with distinct atomic frameworks and tunable defect chemistries, is an ideal compound to investigate structure–property–performance correlations. In this study, α- and β-MnO₂ nanorods were synthesized and systematically evaluated to elucidate the influence of the crystal structure, grain boundaries, and oxygen vacancies on the catalytic behavior. The β-MnO₂ phase demonstrated superior catalytic activity, which was attributed to its abundant high-energy grain boundary interfaces, and elevated concentrations of surface oxygen vacancies, as revealed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) analyses. Phase-dependent structural features and surface defects modulate the Mn oxidation environment and generate unsaturated coordination sites that facilitate reactant adsorption and bond activation. These sites serve as highly active centers that promote reactant adsorption and bond activation, thereby enhancing the catalytic activity and substantially accelerating the combustion dynamics of composite solid propellants. These catalytic enhancements driven by structural modifications resulted in the accelerated decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) and an enhanced burn rate in AP-based composite solid propellants.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"237 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145314720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Ar-assisted pulsed laser ablation on structural and magnetic properties of Fe₈0B20 thin films","authors":"Jimena Soler-Morala, Rubén Fernández-Jiménez, Verónica Braza, Luis Vázquez, Daniel F. Reyes, Sergio Jiménez-Fernández, David González, Juan Rubio-Zuazo, Jesús M. González, F. Javier Palomares","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.164936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.164936","url":null,"abstract":"We report on the chemical, structural and morphological modifications introduced in nanothick Fe₈₀B₂₀ films by the use of Ar assistance (at different pressures) during their pulsed laser ablation deposition process. As a reference, a film deposited in absence of Ar and under ultra-high vacuum conditions was also prepared. Samples were characterized from the measurement of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy depth profiles, atomic force microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy as well as from the standpoint of their dc angular dependence of the hysteresis, high applied field magnetization and tens of GHz dynamics. Our results include i) the induction of surface roughening that increases with the assisting gas pressure, ii) the amorphousness of the ultra-high vacuum film, iii) the induction, by the Ar assistance, of partial crystallization, yielding Fe-rich columns whose transverse dimension increased with the Ar pressure, iv) the progressive isotropization of the in-plane hysteresis parameters associated to the increase of Ar pressure, v) the occurrence on the samples deposited with the largest Ar pressures of spin waves stiffness constant having a magnitude 20 times larger than the value measured in the reference sample, and vi) the decrease of the ferromagnetic resonance damping parameter with regard to the reference sample.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"160 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145314755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-wavelength solar blind photodetectors based on GeTiO2 vertical and lateral heterojunctions","authors":"Chen Guo, Lingdong Wang, Jiabao Hu, Shuxian Zang, Xingyu Liu, Yang Chen, Xueyao Lu, Hongguang Duan, Ziyang Hu, Feifei Qin, Xu Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.164937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.164937","url":null,"abstract":"Wide bandgap heterojunction solar blind photodetectors (SBPDs) are actively being explored to achieve widespread applications in the military and civilian fields. However, interface defects induced during the stacking process of the vertical heterostructure reduce the SBPD performance. Here, GeTiO₂ vertical and lateral heterojunction SBPDs have been fabricated by using the radio frequency magnetron sputtering strategy and exhibit obvious dual-wavelength solar-blind photoresponses. Compared to the vertical heterojunction SBPD, the GeTiO₂ lateral heterojunction SBPD has been demonstrated substantially enhanced performances including good photoresponsivity of 2.01 × 10⁻² and 4.5 × 10⁻⁴ A/W, high detectivity of 2.07 × 10¹⁰ and 5.7 × 10⁸ Jones, and large external quantum efficiency of 11.7 and 0.22 % at 213 and 254 nm due to the decreased interface defect and adjusted band arrangement. Besides, benefiting from their short response time, GeTiO₂ lateral heterojunction SBPDs successfully achieve binary-encoded information transmissions and optoelectronic logic device applications<em>.</em> Our work presents a feasible strategy for fabricating high-performance lateral heterojunction SBPDs, offering new insights into the design of oxide semiconductor heterostructures for developing optoelectronic applications.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145314721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depth selective magnetization investigation in thermally reduced Co/Pd multilayers revealed by MCD study","authors":"Kuldeep Rawat, Anmol Sharma, Ranjeet Kumar Brajpuriya, V.Raghavendra Reddy, Andrei Gloskovskii, Harsh Vardhan, Ajay Gupta, Vishakha Kaushik, Sachin Pathak","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.164939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.164939","url":null,"abstract":"The investigation focuses on the reduction of cobalt oxide-containing multilayers to metallic cobalt (Co) through a systematic thermal annealing process and the subsequent changes in the structural and magnetic properties. The reduced structures show a significant change in the electron density profile, confirming the reduction of cobalt oxide. After the reduction process, a significant increase in the overall magnetic moment of the system is observed, indicating a qualitative improvement in the magnetic properties. The reduced Co layer shows symmetry of magnetic orientation in the planar direction, indicating that the magnetic response under the application of an external magnetic field is unaffected by azimuthal angle. Moreover, the depth-resolved analysis of the Co layer revealed that there is a clear difference in the magnetic properties between the bulk and interface region of cobalt, revealing the subtle appearance of a depth-dependent magnetic profile. The presented findings illustrate that interface engineering is not only a powerful tool for controlling the magnetic functionality of multilayer structures but also enriches scientific understanding of the microscopic phenomena occurring at interfaces and surfaces. This study proves that desirable improvements in magnetic properties can be achieved by structural tuning, paving the way for future spintronic applications.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145314722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conductive passivation via carbon mediated defect control in FeCoNiCrCx high-entropy alloy coatings: breaking conductivity-corrosion trade-off for PEMFC bipolar plates","authors":"Ping Yang, Xinyu Liu, Shaojun Zeng, Pengxiang Zhao, Xin Jiang, Yongxiang Leng","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.164928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.164928","url":null,"abstract":"Stainless steel bipolar plates (BPs) for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) face an inherent corrosion-conductivity conflict. Corrosion-resistant passivation layers, such as Cr₂O₃, induce unacceptable interfacial contact resistance (ICR) elevation. We resolve this conflict using high-power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) to deposit FeCoNiCrC_x coatings with carbon-mediated defect control, where acetylene flow regulation (0–5 sccm) triggers three synergistic effects: carbon-mediated amorphization eliminates grain boundaries to suppress ionic diffusion; in-situ carbide formation, primarily Cr₃C₂, consumes reactive metals and inhibits oxide nucleation; and sp²-carbon networks establish efficient electron-conduction pathways. The optimized 5 sccm coating delivers exceptional performance in simulated PEMFC cathode conditions: corrosion current plunges to 0.079 μA/cm². Simultaneously, ICR is maintained at 7.9 mΩ cm² under 1.4 MPa compaction, outperforming U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) 2025 targets. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses validate a carbon-dominated barrier layer exceeding 80 at.% carbides and amorphous carbon. This layer effectively replaces insulating oxides, ensuring post-polarization ICR stability. This work demonstrates conductive passivation as an effective materials strategy that breaks the persistent corrosion-conductivity trade-off in metallic BPs through carbon-mediated defect control","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145314756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interfacial engineering of Al/C composites through shift-speed ball milling for efficient persulfate activation","authors":"Ximing Shi, Junqin Liu, Shiying Yang, Xueting Shao, Lecheng Liu, Yue Zhao, Youyuan Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.164906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.164906","url":null,"abstract":"Zero-valent aluminum (ZVAl) is a newly developed material for water treatment due to its superior reduction capabilities. This study develops a graphite-modified ZVAl composite (Gr@ZVAl^ssbm) with a stress-modulated chemically bonded interface via novel shift-speed ball milling. The synthesis involves a two-stage process: (i) brief high-speed milling to fracture the passive oxide layer on ZVAl, thereby exposing fresh active surfaces for Gr anchoring, followed by (ii) extended low-speed milling to achieve homogeneous Gr dispersion and strengthen the bonding state between ZVAl and Gr. This dual-stage approach not only promotes the enrichment of organic pollutants on the composite surface but also optimizes the electron transfer path. This unique method significantly enhances the composite’s performance in persulfate (PS) activation. Experimental results demonstrate that Gr@ZVAl^ssbm achieves 99.64 % removal of 0.1 mM phenol, representing a substantial improvement compared to conventional ZVAl (32.52 % only). The reaction mechanism is that ZVAl rapidly transfers electrons released from ZVAl through conductive Gr and efficiently activates PS to generate sulfate radicals (SO₄^{<img alt=\"radical dot\" src=\"https://sdfestaticassets-us-east-1.sciencedirectassets.com/shared-assets/55/entities/rad.gif\" style=\"vertical-align:middle\"/>−)} and hydroxyl radicals (^{<img alt=\"radical dot\" src=\"https://sdfestaticassets-us-east-1.sciencedirectassets.com/shared-assets/55/entities/rad.gif\" style=\"vertical-align:middle\"/>}OH), which can be used to remove phenol from water. In conclusion, a new method for the preparation of aluminum-carbon composites for pollutant degradation by shift-speed ball milling is proposed for the first time.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145314723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-scale correlation model: Theoretical analysis of the high-performance sensing mechanism of FeNx@TP-GDY for SF6 decomposition products","authors":"Jia-Yao Yuan, Shun-Yu Wang, Zhi-Gang Shao","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.164917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.164917","url":null,"abstract":"Sulfur hexafluoride (SF&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mn is=\"true\"&gt;6&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;) is widely used in electrical insulating switches. However, the aging of equipment causes SF&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mn is=\"true\"&gt;6&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; decomposition and produces harmful gases such as H&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mn is=\"true\"&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;S and SO&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mn is=\"true\"&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;. This study investigates the adsorption behavior and sensing mechanism of SF&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mn is=\"true\"&gt;6&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; decomposition products (SO&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mn is=\"true\"&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and H&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mn is=\"true\"&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;S) on FeN&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;@TP-GDY (x = 0, 1, 2) surfaces using density functional theory. We employ an innovative dual-site modification strategy to modify TP-GDY. Specifically, transition metal atoms are embedded into the substrate, and neighboring atoms are substituted with N. The results indicate that the coordination number of N atoms significantly affects the position of the d band center of Fe. By analyzing the frontier Wannier orbitals of Fe in the three materials, FeN&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;@TP-GDY shows stronger interaction due to greater overlap between the d&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;msup is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mn is=\"true\"&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mo is=\"true\"&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msup is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;y&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mn is=\"true\"&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; orbital of Fe and the O p&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;z&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; orbital. However, the response value of FeN&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;@TP-GDY decreases with increasing N doping. Fe@TP-GDY exhibits excellent sensing response to SO&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mn is=\"true\"&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; (8467.5%) and H&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mn is=\"true\"&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;S (15209.6%) at room temperature, with a recovery time of only 22.4 s for H&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mn is=\"true\"&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;S. A multiscale “coordination–electronic–response” model is proposed to guide the des","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145311273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding of DC surface flashover performances of epoxy composites via DBD plasma treatment using Ar, air, CF4","authors":"Heng Zhang, Bo Zhu, Shujie Wu, Chixuan Fei, Junren Liang, He Gao, Minghe Chi, Zhen Li, Jialiang Huang, Jiu Liu, Zhi Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.164923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.164923","url":null,"abstract":"Flashover is a phenomenon involving damaging discharges on surfaces that limits the development of advanced electrical applications. Owing to being efficient, convenient, and stable, surface plasma treatment exhibits great potential in improving flashover performance; however, the effects of discharge gas on flashover are not clarified. Here, dielectric barrier discharge plasma in CF₄, air, and argon is applied to treat epoxy composites, and the epoxy chain reaction is analyzed by surface structural analysis. Then, the surface charge transport and flashover characteristics are measured. Through analysis from the molecular scale to macroscopic flashover, the effects of discharge gas on flashover are clarified. For Ar, chains are cut off by high-energy plasma and crosslink; the crosslinking structure introduces deep traps and impedes charge injection, thereby improving flashover by 10.5 %. For Air and plasma fluorination (PF), the cutoff chains react with strong electronegative O and F atoms, causing backbone degradation. The degradation of epoxy chains introduces shallow traps, accelerating charge dissipation and reducing surface charge, thereby enhancing flashover voltage by 13.0 % and 17.6 % for Air and PF. This work comprehensively illustrates the effects of discharge gas in plasma treatment on surface insulation properties of polymeric materials, being prone to advanced electrical applications toward lightweight and miniaturization.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"100 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145314757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phase-engineered multiscale synergistic modulation in amorphous-sheathed crystalline electrocatalysts for bifunctional water splitting","authors":"Zhichuan Yang, Min Gao, Baoxia Hou, Xintong Li, Yu Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.164927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.164927","url":null,"abstract":"Interfacial engineering holds great potential for water electrolysis catalysts, but the precise manipulation of interfacial electronic configurations and the maintenance of structural integrity remain a formidable challenge. Herein, we propose an innovative synthetic strategy to prepare nanorod array materials with an amorphous/crystalline core–shell structure (CoPA_-0.5@CuO_-300) through a simple and mild process. The resulting materials exhibited excellent electrocatalytic properties and significantly accelerated the kinetics of the reaction. Through rigorous experimental characterization and theoretical calculations, we elucidated three synergistic mechanisms: (1) the electronic reconfiguration of the non-homogeneous interfaces effectively reduces the reaction energy barriers; (2) The nanorod array structure significantly enhances the electrochemically active surface area, thereby providing a greater number of catalytic sites; and (3) the amorphous outer layer, due to its disordered structure, facilitates the adsorption/ desorption. By leveraging this synergistic effect, CoPA_-0.5@CuO_-300 demonstrated outstanding electrocatalytic performance under 1 M KOH conditions, achieving Oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and Hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) overpotentials of only 159 mV and 119 mV, respectively, at a current density of 10 mA cm⁻². Moreover, the catalyst retained over 98 % of its initial activity after 60 h of continuous operation. This work presents an innovative structural design approach that offers a novel pathway for developing highly efficient and durable non-homogeneous interfacial electrocatalysts.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145311274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scalable preparation of cottonseed meal-based flame retardants via mechanical grinding for surface modification of cotton fibers","authors":"Wenju Zhu, Shuolong Wang, Wei Peng, Shuang Xu, Jiarui Liu, Kai Ma, Yanyan Ji, Zhao Dai, Bowen Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.164879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.164879","url":null,"abstract":"The research progress on the surface modification and flame retardancy of cotton fibers has been rapid. Driven by considerations of environmental safety and economic feasibility, bio-based flame retardants are favored for their eco-friendly and sustainable characteristics. This study successfully scaled up the preparation of a P/N-rich cottonseed meal-based flame retardant (PmC) − a functional material in which phosphate groups are chemically introduced into the natural components of cottonseed meal. The innovative mechanical grinding method refines solid biomass for application on the surface of cotton fibers. PmC integrates with cotton fibers through a flame-retardant finishing process, forming hydrogen bonds and covalent bonds between PmC and cotton fibers, thereby achieving durable wash resistance for flame-retardant cotton fibers. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 110 g/L PmC treated cotton fibers reaches 38.4 %, with a damage length of only 50 mm. Cone calorimetry tests revealed that the total heat release (THR) and peak heat release rate (pHRR) of PmC-treated cotton fibers were reduced by 38.7 % and 82.9 %, respectively. Comprehensive analysis using TG-IR, residual carbon XPS, SEM-EDS further indicated that PmC primarily exerts its flame-retardant effect by acting on the condensed phase of cotton fabrics.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"101 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145314759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}