Applied Surface Science最新文献

{"title":"Unveiling the mechanism of high removal rates for amorphous carbon CMP with cerium ammonium nitrate: The synergistic role of Ce4+/Ce3+","authors":"Ziyang Wang, Minha Kim, Jinhyoung Lee, Hyeonjeong Lee, Yechan Kim, Junil Cho, Taesung Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.167562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.167562","url":null,"abstract":"Amorphous carbon is widely used as a hard mask in 3D NAND manufacturing, requiring chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) for high surface quality and uniformity. In this study, we investigate the high removal rate mechanisms of cerium ammonium nitrate (CAN) by comparing various cerium chemicals and their valence states. The results reveal that Ce<ce:sup loc=\"post\">4+</ce:sup> exhibits higher polishing efficiency than Ce<ce:sup loc=\"post\">3+</ce:sup> due to its stronger ability to extract electrons from the carbon surface. Among the tested chemicals, CAN provides the highest removal rate by offering a high oxidation potential. The removal mechanism is driven by a synergistic effect. Ce<ce:sup loc=\"post\">4+</ce:sup> oxidizes carbon sites to form oxygen-containing groups and is reduced to Ce<ce:sup loc=\"post\">3+</ce:sup>, which subsequently coordinates with the surface to weaken carbon bonds, enabling removal by abrasion. A slurry containing 0.025 M CAN demonstrates the optimal performance at a removal rate of 834.6 Å/min with an atomic-scale roughness of 0.083 nm.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148311838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Substrate-heating-induced preferential growth of (040) crystal facet and porous structure enhances the water splitting performance of BiVO4 photoanode” [Appl. Surf. Sci. 743 (2026) 167345]","authors":"Dapeng Cao, Xuefeng Liu, Fuyang Zhang, Zhihao Zhang, Yeshuai Yao","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.167500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.167500","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148311780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-level gradient design for high-performance waterborne sodium silicate wood coatings and the interfacial bonding mechanism","authors":"Yu Cheng ,&nbsp;Yang Zou ,&nbsp;Ping Li ,&nbsp;Hao Wu ,&nbsp;Yiqiang Wu ,&nbsp;Yingfeng Zuo","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166216","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166216","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the limitations of conventional sodium silicate coatings—high water solubility, poor adhesion, and single functionality, this study introduces a three-stage gradient strategy of “molecular bridging-micropore filling-functional coupling.” Using a sodium silicate solution as the base material, a sodium silicate-polyvinyl alcohol composite coating was prepared via organic–inorganic hybridization. Further, the modified coating was strengthened by introducing nano-SiO₂ modified with silane coupling agent KH550, thus constructing a high-performance water-based composite coating system. Results show that through the molecular regulation of KH550, spatial orientation of its organic and inorganic ends is achieved, effectively suppressing nano-SiO₂ agglomeration and establishing a molecular-level connection at the wood-coating interface; Nano-SiO₂ fill coating micropores, significantly increasing cross-linking density and mechanical properties; Through the synergistic effect of the Nano-SiO₂/PVA/2NH₂-PDMS composite system, a “rigid Si-O-Si and type siloxane” dual-network structure is constructed, addressing the shortcomings of traditional coatings being hard and brittle; The composite exhibits outstanding performance: enhanced mechanical properties (wear resistance: 0.083 g/r, hardness: 6H), adhesion meeting Grade 1 standard, essentially no residual contamination from cola, soy sauce, or sesame oil, and rapid, smokeless self-extinguishment. It fully meets application requirements in furniture, interior decoration, and construction, offering a new approach for high-value utilization of bio-based materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"730 ","pages":"Article 166216"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146138504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward revealing chemical structure defects accompanied with surface geometrical defects in KH2PO4 optics processed by single point diamond turning","authors":"Guang Chen ,&nbsp;Yibo Liu ,&nbsp;Jianchong Li ,&nbsp;Jian Cheng ,&nbsp;Jixiang Chen ,&nbsp;Hongqin Lei ,&nbsp;Linjie Zhao ,&nbsp;Mingjun Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166255","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166255","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Functional KH₂PO₄ optics are typically processed by single-point diamond turning (SPDT). Surface defects, including geometrical defects and accompanied chemical structure defects (CSDs), introduced by SPDT will significantly diminish laser damage resistance of KH₂PO₄ optics. Current research primarily focuses on the geometrical features of surface defects and their laser-induced damage mechanisms. However, laser damage mainly occurs in the local tiny areas (e.g., brittle crack tip) of surface defects, indicating that CSDs (e.g., oxygen vacancies, lattice damage) at these areas violently absorb incident laser and cause laser damage. Therefore, accurately characterizing these CSDs is vital for assessing the laser performance of KH₂PO₄ optics. A multi-modal characterization method combining Raman, infrared, and photoluminescence spectroscopy was developed in this study to reveal the atomic/molecular-scale structural features of the CSDs. Firstly, we conducted a statistical analysis of surface defects on KH₂PO₄ optics processed by SPDT. These surface defects were classified into three categories (protrusion defects, brittle defects, and plastic scratches) based on their geometric features. Then, elemental analysis indicated that protrusion defects contained significantly higher oxygen content (about 5%) compared to the other defect types. Secondly, the lattice structure at the molecular scale was examined using combined Raman and infrared spectroscopy, revealing that plastic scratches caused negligible lattice damage, whereas the other two defect types led to substantial crystal lattice degradation. Finally, atomic-level point defects were characterized using optical fiber confocal fluorescence. The results showed significant variations in oxygen vacancy content among the three defect types, with this point defect serving as a critical indicator for identifying defect characteristics. This study established a multi-modal characterization methodology for SPDT-induced surface defects, offering technical support for high-performance manufacturing and performance enhancement of KDP optics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"730 ","pages":"Article 166255"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146134581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into the enhanced oxidation resistance of Incoloy 800H coating prepared via Electro-spark deposition","authors":"Junjie Chen ,&nbsp;Zhou Zhao ,&nbsp;Chengtao Li ,&nbsp;Hao Liu ,&nbsp;Jing Wan ,&nbsp;Zhanpeng Lu ,&nbsp;Sergio Lozano-Perez ,&nbsp;Hannu Hänninen","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166227","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166227","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An Incoloy 800H coating was deposited on AISI 316L stainless steel (SS) via Electro-spark Deposition (ESD) to improve high-temperature steam oxidation resistance. ESD induced a unique non-equilibrium microstructure featuring refined columnar grains, a high fraction of low-angle grain boundaries (LAGBs) and random high-angle grain boundaries (RHAGBs), and significant compressive residual stress. This contrasts with the equiaxed grains and tensile stress in bulk Incoloy 800H and AISI 316L SS. During 650 °C/500 h steam oxidation, the ESD Incoloy 800H coating demonstrated superior oxidation resistance. It formed an ultra-thin oxide film, approximately 50 times thinner than the thick, Fe-rich oxides (hematite/magnetite) observed on the bulk AISI 316L and Incoloy 800H. A composite protective oxide film formed on the coating: an outer Cr-rich layer (Cr₂O₃ and (Mn, Ni)Cr₂O₄ spinel) and a critical inner, semicontinuous layer of SiO₂ and Al₂O₃ at the interface of oxide/metal. This exceptional performance is due to a synergistic protection mechanism. The high density of LAGBs/RHAGBs with high diffusivity provided rapid diffusion pathways, accelerating Si and Al transport and favoring the formation of the semicontinuous inner barrier layer, which stabilized the outer Cr-rich oxide film. The ESD-induced compressive stress benefited the stability and adhesion of the protective oxide film.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"730 ","pages":"Article 166227"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146138503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tetra-coordinated Mo(V)4c species promoted highly selective oxidation of methanol under mild conditions","authors":"Jiacang Liang ,&nbsp;Ronghua Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaqing Wang ,&nbsp;Xiujuan Gao ,&nbsp;Xiaoxing Wang ,&nbsp;Yingquan Wu ,&nbsp;Faen Song ,&nbsp;Yizhuo Han ,&nbsp;Qingde Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166175","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166175","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The selective oxidation of C–H bonds in methanol to high-valued oxygenates under mild conditions is a vital route for methanol utilization. The molybdenum-based catalysts containing Mo⁵⁺ species exhibit outstanding ability to activate C–H bonds. However, the precise identification of the active Mo⁵⁺ species structure and its catalytic mechanism in the methanol oxidation reaction remain incompletely elucidated. Herein, this work constructed MoO_x nanolayers with monolayer or submonolayer thickness over the tin oxide surface. Through the combination of ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV–Vis DRS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and low-temperature electron spin resonance (ESR), supplemented by carefully designed control experiments, it is confirmed that the Mo(V)_4c species serve as one of the key active sites for the highly selective oxidation of methanol under mild conditions. Molybdenum species located at the Mo(V)_4c site significantly promote the adsorption and activation of methanol while facilitating the directional conversion of reaction intermediates. The catalyst containing high-concentration Mo(V)_4c species achieves a methyl formate (MF) selectivity of 95.8% and a methanol conversion of 14.7%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"730 ","pages":"Article 166175"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146110111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The dual role of trace Cu in the corrosion mechanism of Zn4Al alloy: Insights from microstructural characterization and electrochemical performance","authors":"Hongxin Zhang ,&nbsp;Hainan Wang ,&nbsp;Chenfeng Pan ,&nbsp;Wei Jian ,&nbsp;Lu Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166263","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166263","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Zn alloys are valued in casting for their low melting point, excellent casting performance, and dimensional stability. Zn-Al-Cu alloys offer outstanding mechanical properties, yet their corrosion behavior remains insufficiently studied. This work investigates the corrosion behavior of Zn4Al and Zn4Al0.5Cu alloys in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution, revealing changes in their microstructure and corrosion mechanisms. Results show that trace Cu addition refines the microstructure without forming Cu-related intermetallic compound, but creates significant potential difference between Cu-rich regions and the surrounding matrix. Polarization curves indicate the corrosion current density of Zn4Al0.5Cu (46.533 μA/cm²) is notably higher than Zn4Al (21.638 μA/cm²). In the electrochemical impedance spectrum, Zn4Al0.5Cu exhibits inductive behavior, confirming enhanced micro-galvanic effects. Electrochemical noise demonstrates that the localized corrosion growth probability of Zn4Al0.5Cu is suppressed at the early stage due to eutectic refinement. However, with prolonged exposure, insufficient stability of the corrosion product layer leads to the reinitiation of localized corrosion. Overall, the galvanic corrosion and corrosion product layer instability induced by Cu primarily contribute to reduced anti-corrosive properties. This study elucidates the dual role of trace Cu in the corrosion mechanism of Zn4Al alloy, offering a new theoretical foundation for the engineering application of Zn–based protective materials in corrosive environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"730 ","pages":"Article 166263"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146134585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interfacial engineering of Nb2CTx/BNNS heterostructures for ultrathin, multifunctional microwave absorption and thermal management","authors":"Jia Ren ,&nbsp;Feng Liu ,&nbsp;Guimei Shi ,&nbsp;Lei Ding ,&nbsp;Jiaqi Liu ,&nbsp;Yuzheng Wang ,&nbsp;Yusheng Wu ,&nbsp;Xudong Sun ,&nbsp;Laishi Li","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166236","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166236","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The escalating proliferation of high-frequency electronics demands microwave absorbers that are simultaneously ultrathin, efficient, lightweight, and environmentally robust. A critical challenge lies in harmonizing strong electromagnetic dissipation with optimal impedance matching at minimal thickness. This study introduces a paradigm of covalent interfacial engineering to address this challenge. A facile one-step hydrothermal strategy that concurrently etches Nb₂AlC MAX phase and integrates hexagonal boron nitride nanosheet (BNNS) is reported, directly constructing a Nb₂CT_x/BNNS composite. This in-situ process fosters the formation of robust covalent bonds (B-O-Nb, C-N) at the heterointerface, creating a chemically bridged architecture. BNNS functions as a dielectric‑tuning unit and structural scaffold, forming a three‑dimensional ″intercalation‑barrier″ network with MXene. This architecture markedly improves impedance matching, induces pronounced interfacial polarization, and broadens the effective absorption bandwidth by exploiting multiple electromagnetic‑dissipation mechanisms. The optimized composite achieves a remarkable RL_min of −57.92 dB at an ultrathin thickness of 1.26 mm, while also enhancing thermal‑dissipation efficiency and environmental stability, thereby integrating wave‑absorption performance with thermal‑management capability and ecological adaptability. The study underscores the pivotal role of interfacial engineering in the design of multifunctional materials. It offers novel design concepts and technical pathways for next‑generation microwave absorbers intended for harsh application environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"730 ","pages":"Article 166236"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146129545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interfacial engineering of biomimetic Euler spiral fiber toward high-performance flexible strain sensors","authors":"Jiacheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Huabing Wang ,&nbsp;Xianlin Wang ,&nbsp;Youbang Ye ,&nbsp;Bin Xu ,&nbsp;Diantang Zhang ,&nbsp;Yang Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166250","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166250","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fiber-shaped strain sensors with high stretchability and stable electrical performance are highly desirable for wearable and soft electronic applications. In this work, a spiral-coated fiber strain sensor based on a CNT/graphene hybrid conductive network is developed using a core–shell structural design. Benefiting from the synergistic conductive network and interfacial engineering, the ESF sensor exhibits a wide working strain range of 0–200% (up to 300% limit strain), a gauge factor of approximately 9.0, fast response and recovery times of ∼200 ms and ∼190 ms, respectively, and stable sensing performance over 10,000 stretching cycles. Moreover, a programmable two-stage failure behavior is achieved through interfacial design, enabling sequential electrical and mechanical failure rather than abrupt breakdown. These features make the proposed fiber sensor promising for wearable electronics and soft sensing systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"730 ","pages":"Article 166250"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146134588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kinetic engineering for the robust synthesis of Au nanocubes in cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) system","authors":"Chi Li,&nbsp;Yanan Jin,&nbsp;Fangfang Ding,&nbsp;Mingyuan Dong,&nbsp;Shuang Lin,&nbsp;Li Wang,&nbsp;Xiang Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166295","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166295","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Au nanocubes have emerged as highly promising nanostructure because of their strong and tunable LSPR properties. However, the direct synthesis of Au nanocubes with improved corner sharpness and yield is still changeling. In this work, a robust synthesis strategy in cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) system for Au nanocubes with high sharpness and yield is proposed without any purification process. Importantly, the synthesis of Au nanocubes is insensitive to the concentration of both ascorbic acid (AA) and Br^- ions under the CPC system, which is conducive to the repeatable and mass production of Au nanocubes. Moreover, the systematic deposition kinetics was demonstrated by changing the concentration of AA, Br^- ions and Au seeds. Interestingly, a novel nanocrystal of asymmetric bipyramid appeared as impurity in process of the CPC system-based Au nanocubes synthesis and its geometry features were analyzed comprehensively. As a result, our strategy opens an avenue for the reproducible and operable fabrication of Au nanocubes with scaling-up production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"730 ","pages":"Article 166295"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146160516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}