Joule最新文献

{"title":"Near-optimal energy planning strategies with modeling to generate alternatives to flexibly explore practically desirable options","authors":"Francesco Lombardi, Koen van Greevenbroek, Aleksander Grochowicz, Michael Lau, Fabian Neumann, Neha Patankar, Oskar Vågerö","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2025.102144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2025.102144","url":null,"abstract":"Cost-optimizing energy planning models are widespread in supporting energy transition planning decisions. Nonetheless, finding a “cost-optimal” planning strategy provides only a false sense of certainty. Stakeholders may prefer other economically comparable alternatives due to unaccounted-for features. Multi-objective or robust optimization, among others, can efficiently explore alternatives whose desired secondary features are well defined. “Modeling to generate alternatives” (MGA) explores alternatives systematically, including alternatives whose features, such as social viability, are hard to model, albeit key to practical implementation. Computational and interpretation barriers hindered past MGA usage and integration with other methods, but recent developments enable going beyond such barriers. We synthesize such developments and provide practical recommendations for applying MGA in five levels of increasing benefit. Even the simplest levels, requiring little computational effort, can substantially improve the quality of energy planning analyses. At the highest level of integration, MGA can facilitate identifying consensus strategies, accelerating the energy transition.","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":39.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145203903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mine the gap: Sourcing vanadium for the energy transition","authors":"Benjamin L. Rogers, Sarbajit Banerjee","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2025.102139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2025.102139","url":null,"abstract":"Vanadium flow batteries (VFBs) are a long-duration energy storage (LDES) technology at the forefront of grid stabilization and decarbonization. Alleviating materials criticality and addressing supply-chain risks of vanadium are key to sustaining the growth of VFB deployment. Here, we present living databases gathered from vanadium stakeholders across the world that capture a holistic, up-to-date snapshot of the vanadium economy along vectors of production, processing, and large-scale battery installations. To mitigate risks to vanadium supply chains and encourage long-term resource availability, numerous opportunities are evaluated, including expanded primary mining in untapped, resource-rich regions, increased secondary production to promote a circular resource economy, and the risks and benefits of state actors in incentivizing supply response and modifying market volatility. By aligning technological innovation with strategic resource management, vanadium can both advance the energy transition through energy storage and serve as an exemplar for building resilient supply chains for other critical materials.","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":39.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145194940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy innovation in the US buildings sector: Setting the stage and mapping the future","authors":"Jared Langevin, Eric J.H. Wilson","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2025.102137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2025.102137","url":null,"abstract":"<span><figure><span><img alt=\"\" height=\"304\" src=\"https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S2542435125003186-fx1.jpg\"/><ol><li><span><span>Download: <span>Download high-res image (376KB)</span></span></span></li><li><span><span>Download: <span>Download full-size image</span></span></span></li></ol></span></figure></span>Jared Langevin is a staff scientist at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, where he leads modeling of US buildings sector innovation and its implications for energy demand, consumer costs, and the power grid.<span><figure><span><img alt=\"\" height=\"304\" src=\"https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S2542435125003186-fx2.jpg\"/><ol><li><span><span>Download: <span>Download high-res image (385KB)</span></span></span></li><li><span><span>Download: <span>Download full-size image</span></span></span></li></ol></span></figure></span>Eric Wilson is a senior research engineer in the Building Technologies and Sciences Center at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). Much of his 15-year career at NREL has revolved around modeling and analysis of the US building stock.Jared and Eric co-led the development of a National Blueprint for buildings sector innovation while serving as advisors to the US Department of Energy’s Deputy Assistant Secretary for Buildings and Industry.","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":"104 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":39.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145189167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A universal soft upper limit to the Seebeck coefficient in organic thermoelectrics","authors":"Zelong Li, Dorothea Scheunemann, Dennis Derewjanko, Yuqian Liu, Martijn Kemerink, Guangzheng Zuo","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2025.102140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2025.102140","url":null,"abstract":"The trade-off between conductivity (&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;σ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;script type=\"math/mml\"&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;σ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/script&gt;&lt;/span&gt;) and Seebeck coefficient (&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;S&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;script type=\"math/mml\"&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;S&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/script&gt;&lt;/span&gt;) is an ongoing challenge for organic thermoelectrics as it determines how far the power factor (&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;P&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;F&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo is=\"true\" linebreak=\"goodbreak\" linebreakstyle=\"after\"&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;σ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msup is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;S&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn is=\"true\"&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;script type=\"math/mml\"&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;P&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;F&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo linebreak=\"goodbreak\" linebreakstyle=\"after\" is=\"true\"&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;σ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msup is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;S&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn is=\"true\"&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/script&gt;&lt;/span&gt;) can ultimately be pushed. Comparing experimental data for different polymers at variable doping levels, we show that the &lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;S&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;script type=\"math/mml\"&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;S&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/script&gt;&lt;/span&gt; vs. &lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;σ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;script type=\"math/mml\"&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;σ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/script&gt;&lt;/span&gt; curve is universal up to the maximum &lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;P&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;F&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;script type=\"math/mml\"&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;P&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;F&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/script&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, followed by a material-dependent roll-off, when &lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;S&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;script type=\"math/mml\"&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;S&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/script&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and &lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;σ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;script type=\"math/mml\"&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;σ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/script&gt;&lt;/span&gt; are normalized to their values at maximum &lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;P&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;F&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;script type=\"math/mml\"&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;P&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;F&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/script&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and find there is a soft upper limit for &lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;S&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;script type=\"math/mml\"&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow is=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mi is=\"true\"&gt;S&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/script&gt;&lt;/span&gt; (∼200 μV/K), where the optimal power factor is achieved. Combining tight-binding and kinetic Monte Carlo modeling, we quantitatively explain this behavior in terms of quasi-free charges moving in a renormalized density of states of Gaussian shape, where the renormalization accounts for the screened interaction with the ionized dopants. Our results imply that the trade-off exists only at the single-materi","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":39.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145140981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"n-type regulation of 2D perovskite interlayers for efficient perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells","authors":"Ruilin Li, Daoyong Zhang, Jiyao Wei, Biao Li, Haimeng Xin, , Zhengyi Ni, Deren Yang, Xuegong Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2025.102141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2025.102141","url":null,"abstract":"Interfacial defects and imbalanced charge extraction at the perovskite/C₆₀ interface in inverted solar cells drive non-radiative recombination, limiting their power conversion efficiencies (PCEs). While two-dimensional (2D) perovskite passivation layers mitigate surface defects, their inherent quantum confinement and poor conductivity hinder carrier transport and energy band alignment. Here, we present an n-type regulation strategy in 2D perovskite interlayers to simultaneously suppress defects and optimize interfacial energetics. By incorporating antimony trichloride (SbCl₃) into phenylethylammonium iodide (PEAI)-based 2D perovskites, we achieved n-type doping in the 2D passivation layer markedly enhancing its electron density, building up a field effect to enhance the passivation at the perovskite/C₆₀ interface. This controlled n-type modulation reshapes interfacial band bending, suppresses hole backflow, and reduces recombination at the interface. The resulting synergy enables efficient carrier extraction with minimal contact loss, yielding a perovskite-silicon tandem efficiency over 33% (certified 32.56%) with improved operational stability.","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":39.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145140982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Homogenizing strain via reinforced lattice interaction enables efficient and stable 4T perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells","authors":"Yawei Niu, Shuyi Lin, Xiaorui Dong, Minhuan Wang, Yuzhen Zhang, Sihan Ning, Zhe Li, Jingyang Wang, Jun Yin, Shangshang Chen, Pengchen Zhu, Jia Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2025.102142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2025.102142","url":null,"abstract":"Connecting a wide-band-gap (WBG) perovskite solar cell with a crystalline silicon (c-Si) cell enables the device to surpass the Shockley-Queisser (S-Q) limit of a single-junction solar cell. However, strain in WBG perovskites reduces the ion migration barrier and defect formation energy, severely impacting the efficiency and stability of tandem devices. Herein, we utilize benzamidinium chloride (BMCl), a molecule containing a deprotonation-resistant amidinium group, which occupies the A-site vacancy and interacts strongly with the [PbI₆]⁴⁻ octahedra to stabilize the crystal lattice. This strategy synergistically facilitates uniform compressive strain formation within perovskite films, increasing the ion migration barrier and defect formation energy. The optimized WBG single-junction perovskite (with a 1.67 eV band gap) and 4-terminal (4T) perovskite/Si tandem devices achieved power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 23.5% (22.9% certified) and 33.4%, respectively. Remarkably, the 4T tandem device showed no PCE decay after 48 days of operation under outdoor conditions, demonstrating superior real-world stability.","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":"320 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":39.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145141104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coalescent energy transducer for future micronuclear battery","authors":"Zhizai Li, Kai Li, Yaxing Wang, Shuao Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2025.102133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2025.102133","url":null,"abstract":"Zhizai Li earned his PhD from Lanzhou University in 2024 and is now an associate professor in Professor Shuao Wang’s group. His research interests include the synthesis of novel metal halide photovoltaic materials, device structure design, and their applications in high-efficiency voltaic batteries.Kai Li received his PhD in 2019 from the Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China. He is currently an associate professor in Professor Shuao Wang’s group. His research focuses on the synthesis of scintillators and phosphors, with an emphasis on their applications in high-efficiency and stable radioluminescent nuclear batteries.Yaxing Wang is a professor at Soochow University. He completed his PhD at Sichuan University in 2019. His research focuses on radiochemistry and its interdisciplinary applications, including radionuclide separation, micronuclear battery, and environmental radionuclide detection.Shuao Wang is the dean of the School of Radiation Medicine and Protection and a Professor at Soochow University. He earned his PhD from the University of Notre Dame and subsequently conducted postdoctoral research at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the University of California, Berkeley. Professor Wang specializes in radiochemistry and radiation chemistry, with a focus on spent-fuel reprocessing, geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste, nuclear accident emergency response, and related fields.","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":39.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145103725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A guide to ion separations for the global energy transition","authors":"Ryan Kingsbury","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2025.102134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2025.102134","url":null,"abstract":"Ion separation materials and processes play a crucial and easily overlooked role in emerging technologies for energy conversion and storage, critical resource recovery, and environmental protection. However, many emerging separation problems exceed the capabilities of currently available materials. Accelerating research in this area thus has high potential to advance economic and environmental sustainability. Efforts to develop more selective materials are hindered by an incomplete understanding of microscopic ion transport and sorption behavior as well as disparate terminology and conventions for describing a single phenomenon among different fields. This perspective offers a coherent framework for rationalizing ion separation behavior based on a rigorous review of electrolyte physical chemistry. After surveying the scope of relevant ionic species and electrolytes, it consolidates their key physical-chemical properties into a “periodic table of ions” that provides a useful heuristic for understanding ion separations. It also comments on the prospects for different material and process design strategies and offers a set of best practices for maximizing the rigor and transferability of new ion separations research.","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":39.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145103669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elevating dielectric constant via additive engineering: Achieving 19.23% certified efficiency in thick-film binary organic solar cells","authors":"Xinkang Wang, Jifa Wu, Siyu Zhao, Mingqing Chen, Tianyuan Shi, Xianglun Xie, Qingqing Bai, Jialong Xie, Lianjie Zhang, Dongge Ma, Junwu Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2025.102135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2025.102135","url":null,"abstract":"The realization of highly efficient thick-film organic solar cells (OSCs) is a key path to reaching high-throughput organic photovoltaics. Herein, we demonstrate an additive strategy mediated by tribromopyrimidine (TBP) for optimizing of dielectric constant (ε_r) of organic semiconductor materials along with prolonged exciton diffusion length (<em>L</em>_D) and enhanced vertical phase separation morphology. Based on 100-, 300-, and 500-nm-thick D18:L8-BO active layers, the TBP-treated binary OSCs showed power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 20.87%, 19.23%, and 17.82%, respectively, remarkably higher than those of 18.25%, 16.69%, and 13.52% of the corresponding control devices. A certified PCE of 19.23%, a record efficiency, and an exceptional high fill factor of 78.02% were achieved with the TBP-treated 300-nm-thick OSCs. Furthermore, enhanced device stabilities were demonstrated with the TBP-treated devices, retaining 87.9%, 79.4%, and 93.7% of the initial under continuous operational illumination (1,000 h), thermal aging (85°C, 720 h), and storage in air (720 h), respectively.","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":39.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145103671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-driven aldol condensation enabling high-purity Li2CO3 recovery from spent lithium metal anodes","authors":"Hao Zhou, Jaemin Kim, Jiahui Hou, Zifei Meng, Zeyi Yao, Zexin Wang, Yan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2025.102136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2025.102136","url":null,"abstract":"Rechargeable lithium (Li)-metal batteries with high energy densities are approaching large-scale commercialization but face challenges in recycling due to the high reactivity of spent Li-metal anodes (S-LMAs). Here, we propose a recovery strategy using commercial acetone containing &lt;1.00 wt % water. Sub-percent water first reacts with S-LMA to form LiOH, which consumes Li dendrites and mitigates safety risks. Then, LiOH catalyzes acetone aldol condensation to low-concentration diacetone alcohol (DAA, &lt;5 mol %), which further reacts with S-LMA at acceptable rates and simultaneously drives the DAA production, thus achieving complete conversion of S-LMA. This approach yields high-purity Li₂CO₃ (99.79 wt %), surpassing the battery-grade standard (99.50 wt %). The recovered Li₂CO₃ enables the synthesis of LiNi_0.6Mn_0.2Co_0.2O₂ cathodes with electrochemical performance comparable to those from commercial Li₂CO₃. Combining safety, scalability, and economic viability, this method provides a practical route for recycling rechargeable Li-metal batteries and offers insights for extending to other alkali-metal-based batteries.","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":"162 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":39.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145103670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}