{"title":"Enhancing charge-emitting shallow traps in metal halide perovskites by >100 times by surface strain","authors":"Ying Zhou, Hengkai Zhang, Yeming Xian, Zhifang Shi, Jean Noalick Aboa, Chengbin Fei, Guang Yang, Nengxu Li, Farida A. Selim, Yanfa Yan, Jinsong Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.10.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2024.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"The low density of deep trapping defects in metal halide perovskites (MHPs) is essential for high-performance optoelectronic devices. Shallow traps in MHPs are speculated to enhance charge recombination lifetime. However, chemical nature and distribution of these shallow traps as well as their impact on solar cell operation remain unknown. Herein, we report that shallow traps are much richer in MHPs than traditional semiconductors, and their density can be enhanced by >100 times through local surface strain, indicating that shallow traps are mainly located at the surface. The surface strain is introduced by anchoring two-amine-terminated molecules onto formamidinium cations, and the shallow traps are formed by the band edge downshifting toward defect levels. The high-density shallow traps temporarily hold one type of charge and increased the concentration of the other type of free carrier in working solar cells by keeping photogenerated charges from bimolecular recombination, resulting in a reduced open-circuit voltage loss to 317 mV.","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":39.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142489754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JoulePub Date : 2024-10-23DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2024.09.011
Bradie S. Crandall, Marcus Harland-Dunaway, Robert E. Jinkerson, Feng Jiao
{"title":"Electro-agriculture: Revolutionizing farming for a sustainable future","authors":"Bradie S. Crandall, Marcus Harland-Dunaway, Robert E. Jinkerson, Feng Jiao","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.09.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2024.09.011","url":null,"abstract":"For millennia, humanity has depended on photosynthesis to cultivate crops and feed a growing population. However, the escalating challenges of climate change and global hunger now compel us to surpass the efficiency limitations of photosynthesis. Here, we propose the adoption of an electro-agriculture (electro-ag) framework that combines CO<sub>2</sub> electrolysis with biological systems to enhance food production efficiency. Adopting a food system based entirely on electro-ag could reduce United States agricultural land use by 88%, freeing nearly half of the country’s land for ecosystem restoration and natural carbon sequestration. Electro-ag bypasses traditional photosynthesis, enabling food cultivation in non-arable urban centers, arid deserts, and even outer space environments. We offer a new strategy that improves energy efficiency by an order of magnitude compared with photosynthesis, along with essential guidance for developing electro-ag focused on staple crops, to maximize benefits for regions facing food insecurity. This innovative approach to agriculture holds significant promise in reducing environmental impacts, streamlining supply chains, and addressing the global food crisis.","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":39.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142487312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JoulePub Date : 2024-10-22DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2024.09.015
Yichong Cai, Hang Zhang, Tidong Wang, Shibo Xi, Yuxi Song, Sida Rong, Jin Ma, Zheng Han, Chee Tong John Low, Qing Wang, Ya Ji
{"title":"Directional regulation on single-molecule redox-targeting reaction in neutral zinc-iron flow batteries","authors":"Yichong Cai, Hang Zhang, Tidong Wang, Shibo Xi, Yuxi Song, Sida Rong, Jin Ma, Zheng Han, Chee Tong John Low, Qing Wang, Ya Ji","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.09.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2024.09.015","url":null,"abstract":"Aqueous redox flow batteries (ARFBs) are promising long-duration energy storage systems but struggle with low-energy density due to the inherent properties of liquid electrolytes. Herein, we report a [Fe(CN)<sub>6</sub>]<sup>3−/4−</sup>-LiMn<sub>x</sub>Fe<sub>1 − x</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>/Zn flow battery utilizing redox-targeting (RT) electrochemical-chemical loop, exhibiting an outstanding energy density of 118.3 Wh L<sup>−1</sup>, surpassing blank RFB by 5.6 times. Remarkably, the RT reaction between redox mediator [Fe(CN)<sub>6</sub>]<sup>3−/4−</sup> and solid energy booster LiMn<sub>x</sub>Fe<sub>1 − x</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> is directionally regulated, clearly revealing the quantitative relation between capacity enhancement and potential difference. Moreover, unprecedented Coulombic efficiency (99.9%), solid booster utilization (78.4%), and capacity retention (99.8% per cycle) are achieved at 10 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>. Intriguingly, <em>operando</em> synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy unveils the reversible changes of the Fe–O and Fe–Fe bonds in the [Fe(CN)<sub>6</sub>]<sup>3−/4−</sup>-LiMn<sub>x</sub>Fe<sub>1 − x</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> RT system during real-time monitoring. This work suggests an appealing way for capacity enhancement in ARFBs and provides profound insight into the fundamental chemistry of the RT reaction in safe, energy-dense batteries.","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":39.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142486563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JoulePub Date : 2024-10-21DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2024.09.014
Anand Selvin Subbiah, Subhashri Mannar, Vladyslav Hnapovskyi, Anil Reddy Pininti, Badri Vishal, Luis Victor Torres Merino, Oleksandr Matiash, Orestis Karalis, Hannes Hempel, Adi Prasetio, Bumin Yildirim, Pia Dally, Diego Rosas Villalva, Maxime Babics, Lujia Xu, Arsalan Razzaq, Randi Azmi, Fuzong Xu, Helen L. Bristow, Esma Ugur, Stefaan De Wolf
{"title":"Efficient blade-coated perovskite/silicon tandems via interface engineering","authors":"Anand Selvin Subbiah, Subhashri Mannar, Vladyslav Hnapovskyi, Anil Reddy Pininti, Badri Vishal, Luis Victor Torres Merino, Oleksandr Matiash, Orestis Karalis, Hannes Hempel, Adi Prasetio, Bumin Yildirim, Pia Dally, Diego Rosas Villalva, Maxime Babics, Lujia Xu, Arsalan Razzaq, Randi Azmi, Fuzong Xu, Helen L. Bristow, Esma Ugur, Stefaan De Wolf","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.09.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2024.09.014","url":null,"abstract":"Monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells have recently reached a certified record power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 34.6%. However, most of the high-efficiency tandems rely on spin coating to fabricate the perovskite absorber, which generally has limited scope for mass production. To address this, we demonstrate the potential of linear printing techniques, systematically improving 1.66 eV wide-band-gap (WBG) perovskites in single-junction perovskite solar cells (PSCs) via blade coating. Also, we enhance defect passivation and energy alignment between adjacent contacts, thus improving charge extraction in such blade-coated PSCs by introducing 2D/3D perovskite heterojunctions at their electron- and hole-collecting interfaces. Translating the 2D integrated blade-coated PSCs to our monolithic perovskite/silicon tandems significantly improved their performance, enabling an independently certified PCE of 31.2% for blade-coated tandems. Importantly, the encapsulated tandems retain 80% of their initial PCE for ∼1,700 h under ∼1-sun continuous illumination, demonstrating their durability and potential toward long-term deployment.","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":39.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142452320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JoulePub Date : 2024-10-18DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2024.09.012
Morgan R. Edwards, Jaime Garibay-Rodriguez, Jacob Shimkus Erickson, Muhammad Shayan, Jing Ling Tan, Xingchi Shen, Yueming Qiu, Pengfei Liu
{"title":"Assessing inequities in electrification via heat pumps across the US","authors":"Morgan R. Edwards, Jaime Garibay-Rodriguez, Jacob Shimkus Erickson, Muhammad Shayan, Jing Ling Tan, Xingchi Shen, Yueming Qiu, Pengfei Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.09.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2024.09.012","url":null,"abstract":"Heat pumps are an energy-efficient and increasingly cost-effective solution for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the building sector. However, other clean energy technologies, such as rooftop solar, are less likely to be adopted in underserved communities, and thus policies incentivizing their adoption may funnel support to well-resourced communities. Unlike previously studied technologies, the effects of heat pumps on household energy bills may be positive or negative depending on local climate, energy costs, building features, and other factors. Here, we propose a framework for assessing heat pump inequities across the US. We find that households in communities of color and with higher percentages of renters are less likely to use heat pumps across the board. Moreover, communities of color are least likely to use heat pumps in regions where they are most likely to reduce energy bills. Public policies must address these inequities to advance beneficial electrification and energy justice.","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":39.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142448902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JoulePub Date : 2024-10-18DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2024.09.010
Siqi Gong, Kaixian Li, Jianfeng Sun, Jie Chen, Hengyu Guo
{"title":"Interfacial droplet-based triboelectric nanogenerator with optimized architecture for highly efficient vibrational energy conversion","authors":"Siqi Gong, Kaixian Li, Jianfeng Sun, Jie Chen, Hengyu Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.09.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2024.09.010","url":null,"abstract":"Droplet-based nanogenerators, harnessing the dynamic interaction between droplets and tribo-layer surfaces for electricity generation, demonstrate substantial promise in nano-micro energy harvesting. However, conventional devices face limitations in charge and voltage outputs due to the constrained liquid-solid interface and intrinsic parasitic capacitance, resulting in comparatively low power density. Herein, regulated by heterogeneous wetting surfaces, the periodic squeezing of a 3D droplet to a 2D plate maximizes the effective interface for triboelectrification and electrostatic induction, leading to a remarkable charge density of ∼2.0 C m<sup>−3</sup>. Additionally, optimizing electrode configuration reduces parasitic capacitance and elevates output voltage by 80 folds. A recorded peak power density of 5,865 W m<sup>−3</sup> is obtained, which is 48 times higher than previous works. Furthermore, the droplet’s non-Hookean elastic behavior extends the frequency response band by 89.3%, enabling small electronics to operate under micro-vibration conditions. This study offers valuable insights for efficient electric energy extraction from interfacial droplets.","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":39.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142448901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JoulePub Date : 2024-10-16DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2024.07.017
Calvin H. Lin , Chenghao Wan , Zhennan Ru , Connor Cremers , Pinak Mohapatra , Dolly L. Mantle , Kesha Tamakuwala , Ariana B. Höfelmann , Matthew W. Kanan , Juan Rivas-Davila , Jonathan A. Fan
{"title":"Electrified thermochemical reaction systems with high-frequency metamaterial reactors","authors":"Calvin H. Lin , Chenghao Wan , Zhennan Ru , Connor Cremers , Pinak Mohapatra , Dolly L. Mantle , Kesha Tamakuwala , Ariana B. Höfelmann , Matthew W. Kanan , Juan Rivas-Davila , Jonathan A. Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.07.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.07.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present metamaterial reactors as an innovative class of electrified thermochemical reactors that utilize high-frequency magnetic induction of an open-lattice metamaterial baffle to generate volumetric heat. A central design feature is the modeling of the metamaterial as an effective electrically conducting medium, abstracting its detailed microscopic geometry to a macroscopic susceptor description suitable for reactor-scale electromagnetic characterization. Co-design of the power electronics with the metamaterial provides design rules for efficient and volumetric heating, including the requirement for high induction frequencies. We implement lab-scale reactors with ceramic metamaterial baffles (39 mm in diameter) and megahertz-frequency power amplifiers to perform the reverse water-gas shift reaction, demonstrating reactor operation with near-unity heating efficiencies and radially uniform heating profiles. These clean energy concepts provide a broader context for structured reactors in which volumetric internal heating and complementary reaction engineering properties are collectively tailored to enable ideal operation regimes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":38.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142002667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JoulePub Date : 2024-10-16DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2024.07.004
Colin P. O’Brien , David McLaughlin , Thomas Böhm , Yurou Celine Xiao , Jonathan P. Edwards , Christine M. Gabardo , Markus Bierling , Joshua Wicks , Armin Sedighian Rasouli , Jehad Abed , Daniel Young , Cao-Thang Dinh , Edward H. Sargent , Simon Thiele , David Sinton
{"title":"Scalability and stability in CO2 reduction via tomography-guided system design","authors":"Colin P. O’Brien , David McLaughlin , Thomas Böhm , Yurou Celine Xiao , Jonathan P. Edwards , Christine M. Gabardo , Markus Bierling , Joshua Wicks , Armin Sedighian Rasouli , Jehad Abed , Daniel Young , Cao-Thang Dinh , Edward H. Sargent , Simon Thiele , David Sinton","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electrocatalytic CO<sub>2</sub> reduction offers a means to produce value-added multi-carbon products and mitigate CO<sub>2</sub> emissions. However, the stability of CO<sub>2</sub> electrolyzers for C<sub>2+</sub> products has not exceeded 200 h—well below that of CO- and H<sub>2</sub>-producing electrolyzers—and the most stable systems employ low-conductivity substrates incompatible with scale. Current gas diffusion electrodes (GDEs) become filled with salt precipitate and electrolyte, which limits CO<sub>2</sub> availability at the catalyst beyond 30 h. We develop a GDE architecture that is resistant to flooding and maintains stable performance for >400 h. Using a combination of focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy, micro-computed tomography, and a purpose-built array tomography technique, we determine that the enhanced stability is due to a percolating network of polytetrafluoroethylene in the microporous layer that retains hydrophobicity. We scale this approach in an 800 cm<sup>2</sup> cell and an 8,000 cm<sup>2</sup> stack and transfer >10<sup>8</sup> C, the largest reported CO<sub>2</sub> electrolysis demonstration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":38.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141862444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JoulePub Date : 2024-10-16DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2024.06.026
Xiaomin Liu , Jiahao Zhang , Haifei Wang , Yanfeng Miao , Ting Guo , Luis K. Ono , Shuai Yuan , Yao Wang , Penghui Ji , Haoran Chen , Congyang Zhang , Tongtong Li , Chenfeng Ding , Silvia Mariotti , Xiaomin Huo , Ilhem-Nadia Rabehi , Hengyuan Wang , Yixin Zhao , Yabing Qi
{"title":"CsPbI3 perovskite solar module with certified aperture area efficiency >18% based on ambient-moisture-assisted surface hydrolysis","authors":"Xiaomin Liu , Jiahao Zhang , Haifei Wang , Yanfeng Miao , Ting Guo , Luis K. Ono , Shuai Yuan , Yao Wang , Penghui Ji , Haoran Chen , Congyang Zhang , Tongtong Li , Chenfeng Ding , Silvia Mariotti , Xiaomin Huo , Ilhem-Nadia Rabehi , Hengyuan Wang , Yixin Zhao , Yabing Qi","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.06.026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.06.026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Humidity can accelerate degradation by promoting phase transitions and enhancing the defect generation in perovskites. This poses a significant challenge for the upscaling of perovskite solar modules under ambient conditions, especially for moisture-sensitive inorganic CsPbI<sub>3</sub> perovskite. Herein, we report an environmental moisture-induced chemical passivation of the CsPbI<sub>3</sub> perovskite surface by the hydrolysis of perfluorobutanesulfonyl chloride (PFSC). The <em>in situ</em> generated perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFS) effectively reduces defect density and improves the interfacial contact, leading to CsPbI<sub>3</sub>-based devices with suppressed non-radiative recombination losses. Our <em>in situ</em> surface-modified PFS-CsPbI<sub>3</sub> perovskite solar modules with an aperture area of 12.82 cm<sup>2</sup> deliver a state-of-the-art certified aperture area efficiency of 18.22%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":38.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141754627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JoulePub Date : 2024-10-16DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2024.08.012
Junwei Liu , Yahui Du , Shuqi Zhang , Jinyue Yan
{"title":"Spectrally engineered textiles for personal cooling","authors":"Junwei Liu , Yahui Du , Shuqi Zhang , Jinyue Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.08.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joule.2024.08.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dr. Junwei Liu is currently a postdoctoral researcher in the group of Prof. Jinyue Yan at The Hong Kong Polytechnic University. He received his bachelor’s, master’s, and PhD degrees from Tianjin University in 2016, 2019, and 2023, respectively. His research focuses on novel cooling and heating technologies, emerging photovoltaic technologies, freshwater supply, and novel building envelopes.</div><div>Yahui Du is currently a PhD candidate in the School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University. She received her master’s degree from Tianjin University in 2021. Her research focuses on the high-efficiency cooling technologies, seawater desalination technologies, and solar energy utilization.</div><div>Shuqi Zhang received his bachelor’s degree from Tianjin University in 2023. He is currently pursuing his master’s degree at Tianjin University. His research interest mainly lies in the application of radiative cooling materials in the field of personal thermal management.</div><div>Prof. Jinyue Yan, a member of the European Academy of Sciences and Arts and a fellow of Hong Kong Academy of Engineering Sciences, currently serves as chair-professor at the Hong Kong Polytechnic University. He obtained his PhD from the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) and has previously served as chair-professor at Luleå University of Technology, Mälardalen University, and KTH, Sweden. Prof. Yan’s research focuses on renewable energy, advanced energy systems, climate change mitigation, and environmental policies. His contributions have been recognized through prestigious awards such as Global Human Settlements Award for Green Technology, Energy Islands' Award, and IAGE Lifetime Achievement Award.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":38.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142235484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}