Sustainable Energy & Fuels最新文献

{"title":"Operando phase transition mapping of the negative electrode of a Li-ion 18 650 battery at high C-rates through fast synchrotron XRD-CT measurements†","authors":"I. Mombrini, T. M. M. Heenan, S. Checchia, Anmol Jnawali, C. Tan, M. J. Johnson, M. Di Michiel, R. Jervis, A. J. E. Rettie, D. J. L. Brett and P. R. Shearing","doi":"10.1039/D4SE00358F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4SE00358F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have become indispensable in everyday devices and are now being widely used in electric vehicles (EVs) due to their high energy density and long cycle life. However, these batteries are not without their limitations and face various degradation mechanisms that can impact their performance and safety. As the demand for more reliable and efficient batteries grows, it becomes crucial to understand these degradation mechanisms and develop strategies for improving the design and operation of LIBs. Therefore, degradation mechanisms have to be investigated to improve and re-design the commercial devices with the goal of enhancing their capacity, improving their safety and performances. Subsequently, the basic of understanding on the mechanisms involved in the degradation throughout the cycling life of LIBs became a crucial focal point for the research. <em>In situ</em>/<em>operando</em> studies are experiments that involve monitoring the behaviour of a system under realistic operating conditions. This analysis can provide valuable insights on the aging and degradation process on the battery materials and devices. In this work, fast <em>in situ</em>/<em>operando</em> X-ray diffraction computed tomography experiments have been conducted on MJ1-18650 commercial cells during non-stop high C-rate cycling. The goal was to map the changes occurring in the negative electrode of an aged cell during cycling by comparing the phase transitions and lithiation distribution of electrodes in an aged cell to those in a pristine cell. Moreover, comparisons between low and high C-rates were analysed to better understand the influence of the chosen current rate on lithiation distribution inside the cell. During the experiment, the pristine cell showed a uniform phase transition across the volume, with a homogeneous lithiation distribution for both electrodes in charged and discharged states. The aged cell showed a high degree of degradation and deformation after 1200 charge/discharge cycles, with a considerable capacity loss of 14.5%. During the experiment, the aged cell showed an inhomogeneous distribution of lithiation states at both charged and discharged states. The phase transition within the electrode was affected by the rate at which current was delivered to the cell, and it was discovered that at high rates, there were many lithiation states coexisting rather than the phase transition being uniform across the volume. High discharge rates have an impact on graphite phase transitions from the cell's initial condition. The cell was considerably more impacted by current rates after ageing, exhibiting a more marked co-existence of lithiation stage across the volume. The deterioration of the cell certainly had an effect on the phase transition: the divergent dynamics between the centre of the cell and the outside body were more pronounced than in the pristine cell, and the aged cell was unable to attain a fully delithiated or lithiated st","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":" 7","pages":" 1848-1858"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/se/d4se00358f?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-contact piezoelectric–electromagnetic hybrid generator for hydrological monitoring systems†","authors":"Longhai Li, Yuhang Han, Xiaona Sun, Lei Sun and Lipeng He","doi":"10.1039/D4SE01494D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4SE01494D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Water resources are some of the most abundant natural resources in the world, and their rational development, utilization and monitoring are becoming increasingly important. This paper presents a non-contact piezoelectric–electromagnetic generator (P-EHG) for hydrological monitoring. The device was divided into a piezoelectric self-powering module and electromagnetic sensing module. Adopt space gear set system in the structure to realize multi-frequency bidirectional excitation of the piezoelectric element and electromagnetic component. Experimental system configuration was utilized to investigate the impact of the height of the magnet, the force-bearing position in the PEG, and the polarity of the excitation rod magnet on the output performance of the P-EHG. The highest voltages that could be produced by a single PEG and EMG when the P-EHG was built with the ideal structural characteristics were 59.88 V and 831 mV, respectively. The maximum output power of the single PEG and EMG was 10.121 mW and 0.01036 mW, respectively, and the maximum output power of the hybrid was 12.288 mW. Thus, the power output of the hybrid was 21.4% higher than that of the PEG and 118 510% higher than that of the EMG. Subsequently, the application of the P-EHG was demonstrated and verified in an actual water environment to prove its self-powering and self-sensing capabilities as a hydrological monitoring system. This provides a basis for resource monitoring in deep seas, oceans, and rivers.</p>","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":" 7","pages":" 1839-1847"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fiber-based flexible magneto-mechano-electric generators enhanced by UV and IR treatments for sustainable IoT sensors†","authors":"Nayak Ram, Karthik Vaduganathan and Annapureddy Venkateswarlu","doi":"10.1039/D5SE00137D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5SE00137D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The Internet of Things (IoT) demands sustainable energy sources for power sensors and communication components. This study presents a magnetoelectric (ME) coupled magneto-mechano-electric (MME) energy harvester designed to capture energy from low-amplitude stray magnetic fields. The device incorporates a truncated cantilever structure with a flexible fiber composite of piezoelectric AlN-PVDF polymer matrix combined with magnetostrictive Metglas, enhancing magneto-mechanical vibrations and power generation. The piezoelectric fibers are UV-treated to enhance piezoelectric properties, while the magnetic properties of Metglas are improved through IR treatment. These optimizations significantly enhance the ME composite's performance, as confirmed by P–E hysteresis loops, dielectric measurements, and M–H hysteresis loops, supported by MFM data. The designed MME generator achieves an open-circuit voltage of 32.8 V and an RMS DC power density of 1.4 mW cm<small>⁻³</small> under a tiny 6 Oe AC magnetic field at 50 Hz. Finite element simulations using COMSOL Multiphysics 6.2 show excellent agreement with experimental results. The harvested output power of an optimized MME generator is approximately 1100% higher than that of the untreated device (0.1 mW cm<small>⁻³</small>). Structural variations linked to these enhancements are characterized through XRD, FTIR, XPS, and HRTEM analysis. The harvested energy effectively powers flame microsensors, supporting IoT integration in smart infrastructure systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":" 7","pages":" 1871-1884"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benzothiadiazole-based donor–acceptor covalent organic framework for photocatalytic hydrogen generation†","authors":"Amit Nagar, Gulshan Singh, Akhtar Alam, Pradip Pachfule and C. M. Nagaraja","doi":"10.1039/D4SE01764A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4SE01764A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Visible light-driven water splitting to produce hydrogen (H<small>₂</small>) is a promising strategy for harnessing renewable solar energy for the sustainable production of green fuel. Consequently, the design of materials with optimal absorption of sunlight/visible light is therefore of great importance. In this context, covalent organic frameworks (COFs), designed by rational selection of organic building blocks, represent promising semiconducting materials for photocatalytic hydrogen generation, offering a potential alternative to achieve efficient water splitting for H<small>₂</small> generation. Herein, we demonstrate the use of a donor–acceptor COF (ETTA-BT) with benzothiadiazole (BT) moieties as the strong electron acceptor for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen generation. Interestingly, under visible light irradiation (<em>λ</em> ≥ 420 nm), the ETTA-BT COF exhibited superior photocatalytic performance with an H<small>₂</small> generation rate of 890 μmol g<small>⁻¹</small> h<small>⁻¹</small>, which is very high as compared to ETTA-TP COF without such a donor–acceptor system. The improved catalytic performance of ETTA-BT over ETTA-TP COF has been attributed to the donor–acceptor phenomenon, which facilitates improved charge separation and migration through the “push–pull” effect. This work represents a demonstration of the application of a donor–acceptor COF for efficient and sustainable photocatalytic H<small>₂</small> generation.</p>","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":" 7","pages":" 1885-1894"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative cost and qualitative analysis for the transportation of green energy carriers†","authors":"Tom Kroon, Amir Fattahi, Francesco Dalla Longa, J. Chris Slootweg and Bob van der Zwaan","doi":"10.1039/D4SE00959B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4SE00959B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Green energy carriers play a pivotal role in the transition towards the pervasive use of variable renewable electricity, as they allow for efficient storage, transportation, and utilization of excess electricity generated in specific regions and/or over different time frames. In this paper, we analyze the cost-optimality of transporting eight liquid or gaseous green energy carriers, including H<small>₂</small>, <em>via</em> pipelines and shipping, over distances from 250 to 3000 km. To provide a more comprehensive deployability evaluation beyond purely cost-based criteria, we introduce several novel concepts that allow comparing green energy carriers on the basis of safety, applicability, and end-use characteristics. Our study reveals that H<small>₂</small> exhibits significantly higher costs compared to other energy carriers across both transportation modes. For a pipeline and shipping distance of 250 km, we calculate H<small>₂</small> transportation costs of 1.4 and 8.1 m€ per PJ, respectively, while for alternative carriers costs range from 0.1 to 0.7 and 0.2 to 3.1 m€ per PJ. For a distance of 3000 km, H<small>₂</small> transportation costs through pipeline and shipping are estimated at 18.6 and 10.3 m€ per PJ, respectively, whereas for alternative carriers the cost ranges from 1.2 to 7.6 and 0.3 to 4.0 m€ per PJ. An integration of additional selection criteria, however, implies that the practical deployability differs significantly across different green energy carriers, and that no one-to-one relationship exists between deployability and transportation costs.</p>","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":" 7","pages":" 1773-1785"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/se/d4se00959b?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overcoming the energy–water nexus in dry regions – water-positive production of green hydrogen carriers and base chemicals: the DryHy project – technical aspects†","authors":"Victor Selmert, Leandros Paschalidis, Nicolas Kruse, Steffen Dirkes, Ansgar Kretzschmar, Gbenga Jerome, Carl Jung, Lu Xu, Nils Beltermann, Hermann Tempel, Roland Peters, Remzi Can Samsun and Rüdiger-A. Eichel","doi":"10.1039/D4SE01783H","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4SE01783H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The application of Direct Air Capture (DAC) for extracting CO<small>₂</small> from the atmosphere has a great potential to reduce net CO<small>₂</small> emissions and help achieve climate goals. Besides storing the separated CO<small>₂</small>, it can be used as a carbon feedstock for producing CO<small>₂</small>-neutral e-fuels, marking a critical research focus area. Despite advancements in various DAC technologies and processes, their large-scale implementation remains limited, among other reasons, because of the large amounts of energy required to power such processes. This article explores the utilization of DAC for water-conscious production of methanol in sunny regions, using cost-efficient photovoltaic power. The selected approach is presented, which involves a process on demonstrator scale with amine-based DAC for CO<small>₂</small> and water separation from air, high-temperature electrolysis using solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOEC) for syngas production, and subsequent methanol synthesis. We also discuss alternative methods, potential locations, and implementation strategies, highlighting the advantages but also the challenges of producing green methanol in sunny regions outside Germany.</p>","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":" 7","pages":" 1672-1682"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/se/d4se01783h?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Saline microalgae cultivation for the coproduction of biofuel and protein in the United States: an integrated assessment of costs, carbon, water, and land impacts†","authors":"Jingyi Zhang, Yunhua Zhu, Troy R. Hawkins, Bruno C. Klein, Andre M. Coleman, Udayan Singh, Ryan Davis, Longwen Ou, Yiling Xu, Saurajyoti Kar, Matthew Wiatrowski, Song Gao and Peter Valdez","doi":"10.1039/D4SE01423E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4SE01423E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The development of microalgal biorefineries, utilizing high-value coproducts, offers a strategy to lower biofuel production costs, while the use of saline-tolerant microalgal species contributes to reducing freshwater consumption. This study evaluates the life cycle performance of saline microalgae cultivation and conversion at a national scale by analyzing economics, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, marginal GHG avoidance cost (MAC), water scarcity footprints, land-use change emissions, and resource availability. The Algal Biomass Assessment Tool (BAT) is applied for site selection, while algae farm and conversion models are used for techno-economic analysis (TEA). The Greenhouse Gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy use in Technologies (GREET) model is employed for life cycle assessment (LCA) by integrating the outputs from BAT and TEA. Our findings demonstrate that electricity and nutrient consumption are the primary drivers of base case GHG emissions, while biomass yield is the key factor determining both GHG emissions and economic performance. Saline microalgal biorefineries can achieve a MAC limit of $80–200/tonne when high-value bio-coproducts, such as whey protein concentrate, are benchmarked, contingent on supply-demand conditions and other market drivers. However, this reduction may not be compatible with current carbon prices. Further increase in biomass yield, reductions in energy and nutrient usage, and the careful selection of high-value protein coproduct targets with high conventional GHG emissions during the design stage are recommended. Additionally, saline microalgal biorefineries show great potential in addressing water stress, as the electricity requirements for desalinating brackish and saline water are relatively low compared to the overall system electricity demand.</p>","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":" 7","pages":" 1859-1870"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/se/d4se01423e?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of bacterial biorefineries for sustainable biodiesel production and flue gas reduction: a holistic approach to climate change mitigation and circular economy†","authors":"Rachael Jovita Barla, Suresh Gupta and Smita Raghuvanshi","doi":"10.1039/D4SE01516A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4SE01516A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The primary obstacles to addressing the current climate change problem include a rise in worldwide energy consumption, a restricted availability of fossil fuels, and the escalating carbon emissions associated with fossil fuels. Consequently, there is a pressing need to investigate sustainable alternatives to fossil fuels. Biorefineries present a potentially viable avenue for the sustainable production of fuel, as they employ a range of technologies to convert biomass into biofuels. This research aims to examine the cultivation of bacterial biomass and biodiesel production using a biorefinery approach. This process achieves a removal efficiency of 96, 93, and 98% for CO<small>₂</small>, SO<small>_2,</small> and NO, respectively, and a bacterial biomass of 274 g cultivated in a 20 L integrated bioreactor. The biomass entails extracting lipids (58% w/w) to generate biodiesel (91% w/w). The metabolic pathway followed by bacteria to reduce flue gas and produce lipids was analyzed to improve the production of lipids and biodiesel. A life cycle assessment was performed to assess the environmental impacts during the process. Implementing alternative and safe chemicals can potentially mitigate the adverse effects of processes and GWP100. The techno-economic analysis aimed to systematically examine the capital investment required to set up a bacterial biorefinery as compared to conventional fuel refineries. The findings indicated that the bacterial biorefinery had a net present value of $193 per litre of biodiesel produced. A bacterial biorefinery holds promise in fostering a circular economy characterized by sustainable practices and systems that aim to minimize waste, optimize resource utilization, and encourage the reuse and recycling of materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":" 7","pages":" 1683-1708"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing the solubility of anthrarufin by tethering alkyl phosphonate and mitigating capacity decay with an additive in aqueous organic redox flow batteries†","authors":"Richa Gupta, Chinmaya Mirle and Kothandaraman Ramanujam","doi":"10.1039/D4SE00838C","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4SE00838C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Aqueous organic redox flow batteries are well-known for their high power density, excellent charge–discharge, and long cycle life. The use of redox-active organic materials is beneficial owing to their low cost, vast abundance, variable solubility with functionalization and energy storage potential. Herein, we introduced an ether-linked alkyl phosphonic acid group onto anthrarufin to form (((9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene-1,5-diyl)bis(oxy))bis(propane-3,1-diyl))bis(phosphonic acid) (1,5-DPAQ) to increase its solubility from 0.07 M to 0.69 M in 1 M KOH and enhance energy density. However, an oxygen evolution reaction occurring at the catholyte, oxidation of the hydroquinone moiety of 1,5-DPAQ by diffused oxygen, and charge–transfer complex formation between 1,5-DPAQ and its hydroquinone form limit discharge capacity. To prevent the formation of this charge–transfer complex, <em>N</em>,<em>N</em>,<em>N</em>′,<em>N</em>′-tetramethyl-1,3-propanediamine was introduced as an additive for the first time at the anolyte side, resulting in capacity regain and increase in cell voltage with cycling owing to the availability of 1,5-DPAQ during cell cycling.</p>","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":" 7","pages":" 1895-1903"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Latest advances in research methods for high-yield cellulase production","authors":"Xiyuan Xiang, Youhong Zhang, Wei Wei and Guohong Zhou","doi":"10.1039/D4SE01553C","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4SE01553C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Lignocellulosic biomass, due to its accessibility, abundance, and environmental friendliness, has become a promising renewable resource. The key role of cellulases in the degradation of lignocellulosic biomass has been extensively studied and plays a critical role in various industrial applications. However, the high production costs, low enzymatic activity, and poor stability of cellulases limit their application. Consequently, an increasing number of studies are dedicated to enhancing the activity and stability of cellulases to achieve efficient and economical degradation and utilization of lignocellulosic biomass. This review comprehensively analyzes some methods currently used to enhance cellulase production and the latest research advancements. It mainly introduces high-yield cellulase strain screening, selection and breeding of high-yield cellulase-producing strains, molecular modification of cellulases, and cellulase immobilization. It discusses the shortcomings of these methods and the latest research progress, providing references for further improving the performance of cellulases in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":" 7","pages":" 1617-1632"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}