Samruddhi V. Chauhan, Kinjal K. Joshi, Pratik M. Pataniya and C. K. Sumesh
{"title":"Advancing industrial rate current density in water electrolysis for green hydrogen production: catalyst development, benchmarking, and best practices","authors":"Samruddhi V. Chauhan, Kinjal K. Joshi, Pratik M. Pataniya and C. K. Sumesh","doi":"10.1039/D5SE00262A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5SE00262A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Green hydrogen production through water electrolysis has emerged as an outstanding and compatible source of sustainable energy. The zero-carbon emission with high purity marks its footprint towards industrialization. However, achieving commercial-scale current density with utmost durability has been a challenge for the research community. Several technical obstacles need to be overcome before its full promise can be realized as a potential alternative to fossil fuels. This review explores the advantages and limitations of non-noble electrocatalysts, highlighting promising strategies such as 3D substrate integration and binder-free synthesis, which enhance water electrolysis and electrochemical performance for industrial hydrogen generation. Promising approaches to effective water dissociation using 3D substrate material are outlined in the work, along with the advantages of binder-free synthesis and sophisticated manufacturing processes that could simplify electrode design while lowering costs and improving performance. This review offers an essential viewpoint on the engineering of green hydrogen in the future by combining these methods. The creation of next-generation water electrolysis systems ensures a sustainable and profitable hydrogen economy while also directly advancing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the UN, which include clean energy, industrial innovation, and climate action.</p>","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":" 13","pages":" 3550-3576"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144367095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Study on porosity and permeability changes in coal freezing by liquid nitrogen based on the chemical structure","authors":"Peng Jia, Xiaoqi Huang, Jinzhang Jia and Sheng Li","doi":"10.1039/D5SE00361J","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5SE00361J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The porosity and permeability of coal can be effectively increased by freezing and cracking with liquid nitrogen. In order to study the changing characteristics of coal's functional groups and coal's chemical structure on porosity and permeability and its microscopic change mechanism, industrial analysis, elemental analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy (Raman) and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (<small><sup>13</sup></small>C-NMR) were used to analyze the functional groups and chemical structure of coal, and CT scanning and numerical simulation software were used to study the changes in pore cracks before and after freezing the coal body and to conduct quantitative analysis. Results show that with an increase in coal metamorphism, the chemical structure parameters of coal, such as the content of aromatic carbon, order degree, and bridge carbon ratio, increase. The change rate of the porosity and permeability of low-rank coal is higher than that of high-rank coal. The higher the aromatic carbon content of the coal sample, the smaller the porosity change rate and permeability change rate after liquid nitrogen freezing. The higher the oxidation degree (oxygen-grafted carbon, oxygen-grafted aromatic carbon, and carbonyl–carboxyl carbon) of the coal sample, the larger the rate of change in the porosity and permeability after liquid nitrogen freezing. The results of this study establish the relationship between macroscopic (porosity and permeability) and microscopic (chemical structure and functional groups) effects and provide ideas and references for further improving the permeability of coal freezing using liquid nitrogen.</p>","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":" 13","pages":" 3659-3676"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144367162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Periyasamy Anushkkaran, Yu Lim Lee, Seong Hui Kim, Su Hyeon Ahn, Du Hyun Lim, Hyun Gyu Kim and Jum Suk Jang
{"title":"Graphene oxide conformally wrapped FeOOH/graphite composite anodes for lithium-ion batteries†","authors":"Periyasamy Anushkkaran, Yu Lim Lee, Seong Hui Kim, Su Hyeon Ahn, Du Hyun Lim, Hyun Gyu Kim and Jum Suk Jang","doi":"10.1039/D5SE00202H","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5SE00202H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >β-FeOOH is among the most prevalent anode materials used in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to its high theoretical specific capacity. However, the practical use of such anodes is severely constrained by their limited electrical conductivity and mechanical damage resulting from volume changes during electrochemical cycling. Herein, to circumvent these issues, an environmentally benign synthesis of FeOOH nanorods on graphite sheets encapsulated in a graphene oxide (GO) layer was designed. Graphite mitigated the agglomeration of FeOOH nanorods and provided a conductive network. In addition, GO alleviated volume expansion and established a denser solid-electrolyte interface during the initial cycle, which prevents excessive consumption of Li-ions and maintains cycle life and capacity. The resultant GO@Gr-FeOOH anode demonstrated outstanding electrochemical properties, with an extended lifespan and superior Li-ion diffusion coefficient. Accordingly, the GO@Gr-FeOOH sample retained a capacity of 716 mAh g<small><sup>−1</sup></small> at 0.2 C after 50 cycles and 428.7 mAh g<small><sup>−1</sup></small> at 0.5 C after 150 cycles. Therefore, this study presents an effective and practical approach to address the constraints of FeOOH-based anode materials using hybridization with diverse carbon component strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":" 12","pages":" 3404-3411"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144244072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daniel Garstenauer, Stephen Nagaraju Myakala, Pablo Ayala, Hannah Rabl-Wolff, Ondrej Zobač, Franz Jirsa, Dominik Eder, Alexey Cherevan and Klaus W. Richter
{"title":"Engineering active intermetallic Pt–Zn sites via vapour–solid synthesis for photocatalytic hydrogen production†","authors":"Daniel Garstenauer, Stephen Nagaraju Myakala, Pablo Ayala, Hannah Rabl-Wolff, Ondrej Zobač, Franz Jirsa, Dominik Eder, Alexey Cherevan and Klaus W. Richter","doi":"10.1039/D5SE00487J","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5SE00487J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Intermetallic compounds hold great potential owing to the possibility of fine tuning their structure- and composition-dependent catalytic properties. Herein, a series of intermetallic Pt–Zn nanoparticles decorated on a TiO<small><sub>2</sub></small> support was designed <em>via</em> a novel and facile direct vapour–solid synthesis approach, and their co-catalytic performance towards the light-driven hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) was investigated. The intrinsic activity of Pt/TiO<small><sub>2</sub></small> was almost doubled <em>via</em> the addition of Zn and the formation of Pt<small><sub>27</sub></small>–Zn<small><sub>73</sub></small>/TiO<small><sub>2</sub></small>, achieving a substantial increase in the apparent quantum yield (AQY) values up to 10.3%. In contrast to Pt–Zn intermetallic co-catalysts generally exhibiting higher HER rates, the interaction of Zn with surface defects of TiO<small><sub>2</sub></small> enhanced the catalyst stability, resulting in strongly suppressed deactivation. This work introduces intermetallic cocatalysts as promising systems, highlighting the influence of composition and structure on catalyst activity and providing future research directions.</p>","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":" 12","pages":" 3283-3292"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12087443/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Giddaerappa, Sundarraj Sriram, P. Abdul Junaid, Lokesh Koodlur Sannegowda, M. H. Naveen and K. Sudhakara Prasad
{"title":"Non-precious macrocycle embedded hybrid nanocomposites for efficient water oxidation†","authors":"Giddaerappa, Sundarraj Sriram, P. Abdul Junaid, Lokesh Koodlur Sannegowda, M. H. Naveen and K. Sudhakara Prasad","doi":"10.1039/D5SE00434A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5SE00434A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The development of efficient electrocatalysts for OER remains a challenge owing to issues such as unfavourable mass transport, reaction thermodynamics, and kinetics. In this study, we present a novel bio-inspired polymeric cobalt(<small>II</small>) phthalocyanine (Poly CoTAPc) as an effective OER catalyst. Mimicking the active sites of metalloenzymes involved in biological processes, Poly CoTAPc demonstrated exceptional catalytic activity and stability. To enhance the conductivity and maximize the exposure of active sites, Poly CoTAPc was combined with Ketjen black (KB) nanoparticles. The resulting Poly CoTAPc/KB composite was subsequently coated onto a nickel foam current collector. The fabricated Poly CoTAPc/KB/Ni electrode exhibited superior electrocatalytic performance compared with that of the benchmark catalyst IrO<small><sub>2</sub></small> under alkaline conditions. Specifically, it achieved an overpotential of 306 mV, a low Tafel slope of 81 mV dec<small><sup>−1</sup></small>, and enhanced mass activity (22.72 A g<small><sub>metal</sub></small><small><sup>−1</sup></small> at 1.58 V) and turnover frequency (TOF) (0.0122 s<small><sup>−1</sup></small>) for the OER. Additionally, the electrode demonstrated exceptional stability and maintained performance for over 30 hours. The Poly CoTAPc/KB electrocatalyst exhibited better electron transfer capacity and good stability. Moreover, its cost-effectiveness, use of very low amount of non-precious Co metal, and eco-friendliness make this catalyst highly efficient and promising compared with traditional metal-based catalysts in advancing OER catalysts for sustainable energy applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":" 13","pages":" 3646-3658"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144367161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jena Akash Kumar Satrughna, Archana R. Kanwade and Parasharam M. Shirage
{"title":"Synergistic effect of multi-transition metal co-substitution in high cycle life performance of NaxCo0.5Fe0.25Mn0.25O2 cathode for sodium-ion batteries†","authors":"Jena Akash Kumar Satrughna, Archana R. Kanwade and Parasharam M. Shirage","doi":"10.1039/D5SE00107B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5SE00107B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >In this work, multi-transition metal co-substituted Na<small><sub><em>x</em></sub></small>Co<small><sub>0.5</sub></small>Fe<small><sub>0.25</sub></small>Mn<small><sub>0.25</sub></small>O<small><sub>2</sub></small> is synthesized through a solid-state method using a two-step heating approach and its physicochemical and electrochemical features as a cathode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are studied. Various advanced physicochemical characterization studies reveal the P3 structure of the as-prepared Na<small><sub><em>x</em></sub></small>Co<small><sub>0.5</sub></small>Fe<small><sub>0.25</sub></small>Mn<small><sub>0.25</sub></small>O<small><sub>2</sub></small> possessing multiple crystal symmetries with high-order crystallinity, suitable for enhanced Na<small><sup>+</sup></small>-ion intercalation and deintercalation. Its electrochemical performances are investigated with the fabricated Na/1 M-NaClO<small><sub>4</sub></small>/Na<small><sub><em>x</em></sub></small>Co<small><sub>0.5</sub></small>Fe<small><sub>0.25</sub></small>Mn<small><sub>0.25</sub></small>O<small><sub>2</sub></small> coin cells. The cyclic voltammetry study reveals that the redox process of the cathode material is due to the M<small><sup>3+</sup></small>/M<small><sup>4+</sup></small> (where M = Co<small><sub>0.5</sub></small>Fe<small><sub>0.25</sub></small>Mn<small><sub>0.25</sub></small>) redox couple with excellent structural reversibility during the charging/discharging process. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis suggests excellent compatibility of the electrolyte with the cathode, showing a good state of health, a low value of resistance offered to the cell, and a very negligible value of double-layer capacitance. The galvanostatic charge–discharge interpretations reveal that Na<small><sub><em>x</em></sub></small>Co<small><sub>0.5</sub></small>Fe<small><sub>0.25</sub></small>Mn<small><sub>0.25</sub></small>O<small><sub>2</sub></small> delivers significant rate capability and a high discharge capacity of 94.22 mA h g<small><sup>−1</sup></small> at 0.05C by maintaining stable performance across a range of C-rates. The material exhibits high coulombic efficiency and impressive energy densities, with a maximum discharge energy density of 279.82 W h kg<small><sup>−1</sup></small> at 0.05C. Notably, Na<small><sub><em>x</em></sub></small>Co<small><sub>0.5</sub></small>Fe<small><sub>0.25</sub></small>Mn<small><sub>0.25</sub></small>O<small><sub>2</sub></small> demonstrates excellent cycle life, retaining 92.2, 78.4, 53.9, 39.4, and 28.3% of the initial discharge capacity at the 100<small><sup>th</sup></small>, 200<small><sup>th</sup></small>, 300<small><sup>th</sup></small>, 400<small><sup>th</sup></small>, and 500<small><sup>th</sup></small> cycles, respectively, owing to the synergistic effect of co-substituted multi-transition metals.</p>","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":" 12","pages":" 3354-3373"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144244069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sambit Jena, Aiswarya Priyambada, Singdha Sagarika Behera and Priyadarshini Parida
{"title":"Multifaceted DFT analysis of defect chalcopyrite-type semiconductor ZnGa2S4: dynamic stability and thermoelectric efficiency","authors":"Sambit Jena, Aiswarya Priyambada, Singdha Sagarika Behera and Priyadarshini Parida","doi":"10.1039/D4SE01740D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4SE01740D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The drive to transform heat into electricity with peak efficiency is an essential impulse in the quest for next-generation renewable energy technologies. Defect chalcopyrite semiconductors are spearheading this research due to their exceptional heat conduction properties and promising potential as thermoelectric materials for energy conversion applications. This study offers an in-depth analysis of the structural, electronic, mechanical, and thermoelectric properties of the defect chalcopyrite-type semiconductor ZnGa<small><sub>2</sub></small>S<small><sub>4</sub></small>, utilizing first principles density functional theory coupled with semi-classical Boltzmann transport theory. With a direct bandgap of 2.34 eV, the band structure analysis of the optimized structure confirms that the compound exhibits intrinsic semiconducting behavior. A detailed mechanical analysis, including the elastic stiffness constants, suggests that ZnGa<small><sub>2</sub></small>S<small><sub>4</sub></small> is mechanically stable, but brittle. Phonon dispersion calculations confirm the dynamic stability of the compound. The melting temperature is calculated to be 953.663 K. Additionally, the electronic thermoelectric properties are analyzed using the constant relaxation time approximation (CRTA) within the framework of Boltzmann transport theory. The analysis indicates significantly high Seebeck coefficients at increased temperatures. The lowest lattice thermal conductivity is determined to be 2.529 W m<small><sup>−1</sup></small> K<small><sup>−1</sup></small> at 900 K. The figure of merit (<em>ZT</em>) is found to have a peak value of 0.97 at 900 K for a hole concentration of 10<small><sup>18</sup></small> cm<small><sup>−3</sup></small>. These results highlights ZnGa<small><sub>2</sub></small>S<small><sub>4</sub></small> as a potential thermoelectric material, particularly suited for high-temperature applications, offering a balance between structural stability and favorable thermoelectric performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":" 12","pages":" 3343-3353"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144244087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaoyu Chen, Jie Liu, Shuoshuo Feng, Yanhong Zou, Kai Wu, Fanghua Ning, Jin Yi and Yuyu Liu
{"title":"Morphologically engineered S-InxZny bimetallic catalysts via an ionothermal approach for enhanced carbon dioxide electroreduction to formate†","authors":"Xiaoyu Chen, Jie Liu, Shuoshuo Feng, Yanhong Zou, Kai Wu, Fanghua Ning, Jin Yi and Yuyu Liu","doi":"10.1039/D5SE00596E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5SE00596E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The conversion of carbon dioxide through electrochemical reduction (ECO<small><sub>2</sub></small>RR) offers a promising pathway for sustainable carbon cycling, yet the development of efficient catalysts remains challenged by the trade-off between activity and stability. Herein, we report a sulfur-modulated In–Zn bimetallic sulfide catalyst (S-In<small><sub>0.5</sub></small>Zn<small><sub>1</sub></small>) that achieves highly selective CO<small><sub>2</sub></small>-to-formate conversion <em>via</em> morphological engineering. The optimized catalyst demonstrates exceptional performance with a maximum formate faradaic efficiency (FE) of 95.2% at −1.36 V <em>vs.</em> RHE, coupled with outstanding long-term stability exceeding 80 hours. Systematic investigations reveal that Zn incorporation induces a microstructural reconstruction, forming a hierarchical nanoparticle-lamellar composite architecture. This unique morphology significantly enhances the specific surface area and establishes efficient mass transport pathways, effectively mitigating diffusion limitations for both CO<small><sub>2</sub></small> reactants and critical *OCHO intermediates during electrocatalysis. The resultant reduction in kinetic barriers substantially improves the conversion efficiency of formate production. The findings not only introduce a metal sulfide catalyst system combining high activity and stability for ECO<small><sub>2</sub></small>RR but also provide fundamental structural insights for the rational design of advanced CO<small><sub>2</sub></small> conversion electrocatalysts.</p>","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":" 13","pages":" 3677-3685"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144367163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amarnath Pasupathi, Praveen Kandasamy, Ranjith Kumar Dharman, Sivakumar Govindarajan, Tae Hwan Oh, Min Wook Lee and Yugeswaran Subramaniam
{"title":"A facile approach to deposit high performance electrocatalyst high entropy oxide coatings using a novel plasma spray route for efficient water splitting in an alkaline medium†","authors":"Amarnath Pasupathi, Praveen Kandasamy, Ranjith Kumar Dharman, Sivakumar Govindarajan, Tae Hwan Oh, Min Wook Lee and Yugeswaran Subramaniam","doi":"10.1039/D5SE00479A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5SE00479A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Electrocatalytic water splitting is a promising technique for producing sustainable hydrogen, but its effectiveness depends on the development of cost-effective and high-performance electrodes. In this work, phase-pure high entropy oxide (HEO) (Ni, Fe, Co, Cu, Mn)<small><sub>3</sub></small>O<small><sub>4</sub></small> nanostructured coating electrodes were fabricated using a solution precursor plasma spray coating technique under optimized conditions with two different molar concentrations (1 M and 2 M) of solution precursors. This process enables precise deposition of a porous catalyst coating on stainless steel substrates, with an average thickness of 30 micrometers. The as-deposited coating shows a spinel structure, and its degree of crystallinity increases with higher molar concentrations of the solution precursors. The HEO coating electrodes demonstrate excellent activity in alkaline media for both the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), with low overpotentials of 129 mV and 220 mV, respectively, at a current density of 10 mA cm<small><sup>−2</sup></small>. A two-electrode device was fabricated, and the results reveal that the required overall potential to achieve a current density of 10 mA cm<small><sup>−2</sup></small> is 1.47 V only. This work highlights the potential of solution precursor plasma spray coating as a versatile and scalable approach for producing phase-pure HEO-based water-splitting electrodes, paving the way for large-scale hydrogen generation in sustainable energy systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":" 12","pages":" 3323-3334"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144244085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuan Wang, Nianyin Li, Xiaoqiang Pang, Hong Zhang, Chao Wang and Yuanzhao Yao
{"title":"Evolutionary mechanisms of pore-fracture network development in oil shale during pyrolysis: current research progress and perspectives","authors":"Yuan Wang, Nianyin Li, Xiaoqiang Pang, Hong Zhang, Chao Wang and Yuanzhao Yao","doi":"10.1039/D5SE00396B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5SE00396B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Efficient heat transfer, enhanced pyrolysis performance, and effective hydrocarbon migration are essential for the successful application of oil shale <em>in situ</em> conversion technology. However, under natural conditions, oil shale exhibits low thermal conductivity and is nearly impermeable. Pores and fractures within the rock act as critical channels for both heat transmission and hydrocarbon flow. Thus, understanding their evolution during pyrolysis is essential. This review consolidates experimental characterization techniques for pore and fracture structures and investigates their dynamic behavior under varying conditions. The influences of temperature, pressure, organic content, heating strategy, mineral composition, and bedding structure are systematically analyzed. Additionally, future research directions are proposed. The findings aim to provide valuable references for the design and implementation of oil shale <em>in situ</em> conversion technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":" 13","pages":" 3495-3522"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144367093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}