Nano-Micro Letters最新文献

{"title":"Sensors Innovations for Smart Lithium-Based Batteries: Advancements, Opportunities, and Potential Challenges","authors":"Jamile Mohammadi Moradian,&nbsp;Amjad Ali,&nbsp;Xuehua Yan,&nbsp;Gang Pei,&nbsp;Shu Zhang,&nbsp;Ahmad Naveed,&nbsp;Khurram Shehzad,&nbsp;Zohreh Shahnavaz,&nbsp;Farooq Ahmad,&nbsp;Balal Yousaf","doi":"10.1007/s40820-025-01786-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40820-025-01786-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Lithium-based batteries (LiBs) are integral components in operating electric vehicles to renewable energy systems and portable electronic devices, thanks to their unparalleled energy density, minimal self-discharge rates, and favorable cycle life. However, the inherent safety risks and performance degradation of LiB over time impose continuous monitoring facilitated by sophisticated battery management systems (BMS). This review comprehensively analyzes the current state of sensor technologies for smart LiBs, focusing on their advancements, opportunities, and potential challenges. Sensors are classified into two primary groups based on their application: safety monitoring and performance optimization. Safety monitoring sensors, including temperature, pressure, strain, gas, acoustic, and magnetic sensors, focus on detecting conditions that could lead to hazardous situations. Performance optimization sensors, such as optical-based and electrochemical-based, monitor factors such as state of charge and state of health, emphasizing operational efficiency and lifespan. The review also highlights the importance of integrating these sensors with advanced algorithms and control approaches to optimize charging and discharge cycles. Potential advancements driven by nanotechnology, wireless sensor networks, miniaturization, and machine learning algorithms are also discussed. However, challenges related to sensor miniaturization, power consumption, cost efficiency, and compatibility with existing BMS need to be addressed to fully realize the potential of LiB sensor technologies. This comprehensive review provides valuable insights into the current landscape and future directions of sensor innovations in smart LiBs, guiding further research and development efforts to enhance battery performance, reliability, and safety.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div><div><p>Integration of advanced sensor technologies for smart LiBs: integrating non-optical multi-parameter, optical-based, and electrochemical sensors within the BMS to achieve higher safety, improved efficiency, early warning mechanisms, and TR prevention. Potential advancements are driven by nanotechnology, wireless sensor networks, miniaturization, and advanced algorithms, addressing key challenges to enhance battery performance and reliability.</p></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":714,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Micro Letters","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":26.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40820-025-01786-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144140291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Designing Amino Functionalized Titanium-Organic Framework on Separators Toward Sieving and Redistribution of Polysulfides in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries","authors":"Xiaoya Kang,&nbsp;Tianqi He,&nbsp;Hao Dang,&nbsp;Xiangye Li,&nbsp;Yumeng Wang,&nbsp;Fuliang Zhu,&nbsp;Fen Ran","doi":"10.1007/s40820-025-01733-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40820-025-01733-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Shuttle effect of polysulfides overshadows the superiorities of lithium–sulfur batteries. Size–sieving effect could address this thorny trouble rely on size differ in polysulfides and lithium ions. However, clogged polysulfides pose some challenges for cathode and are rarely recycled during charging/discharging. Herein, an amino functionalized titanium-organic framework is designed for modifying lithium–sulfur batteries separator to address the aforementioned challenges. Wherein, the introduction of amino narrows titanium–organic framework pore size, enabling functional separator to selectively modulate lithium ions and polysulfides migration using size-sieving effect, thereby completely suppressing polysulfides shuttle. Furthermore, the blocked polysulfides will be adsorbed on the separator surface by positively charged amino leveraging electrostatic adsorption, ensuring polysulfides to redistribute and reuse, and boosting active materials utilization. Significantly, the migration of lithium ions is not hindered since there are lithium ions transfer channels formed via Lewis acid–base interaction with the help of amino. Combined with these virtues, the lithium–sulfur batteries with amino functionalized titanium-organic framework modified separator enjoy an ultralow attenuation rate of 0.045% per cycle over 1000 cycles at 1.0C. Electrostatic adsorption and Lewis acid–base interaction cover deficiencies existing in the inhibition of polysulfides shuttle by size-sieving effect, providing fresh insight into the advancement of lithium-sulfur batteries.</p>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":714,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Micro Letters","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":26.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40820-025-01733-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering Local Microstrain-Induced Optimization of Asymmetric Fe Single Atomic Sites for Efficient Oxygen Reduction","authors":"Peng Zhang,&nbsp;Siying Huang,&nbsp;Kuo Chen,&nbsp;Xiaoqi Liu,&nbsp;Yachao Xu,&nbsp;Yongming Chai,&nbsp;Yunqi Liu,&nbsp;Yuan Pan","doi":"10.1007/s40820-025-01783-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40820-025-01783-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Disrupting the symmetric electron distribution of porphyrin-like Fe single-atom catalysts has been considered as an effective way to harvest high intrinsic activity. Understanding the catalytic performance governed by geometric microstrains is highly desirable for further optimization of such efficient sites. Here, we decipher the crucial role of local microstrain in boosting intrinsic activity and durability of asymmetric Fe single-atom catalysts (Fe–N₃S₁) by replacing one N atom with S atom. The high-curvature hollow carbon nanosphere substrate introduces 1.3% local compressive strain to Fe–N bonds and 1.5% tensile strain to Fe–S bonds, downshifting the <i>d</i>-band center and accelerating the kinetics of *OH reduction. Consequently, highly curved Fe–N₃S₁ sites anchored on hollow carbon nanosphere (FeNS-HNS-20) exhibit negligible current loss, a high half-wave potential of 0.922 V vs. RHE and turnover frequency of 6.2 e⁻¹ s⁻¹ site⁻¹, which are 53 mV more positive and 1.7 times that of flat Fe–N–S counterpart, respectively. More importantly, multiple operando spectroscopies monitored the dynamic optimization of strained Fe–N₃S₁ sites into Fe–N₃ sites, further mitigating the overadsorption of *OH intermediates. This work not only sheds new light on local microstrain-induced catalytic enhancement, but also provides a plausible direction for optimizing efficient asymmetric sites via geometric configurations.</p>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":714,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Micro Letters","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":26.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40820-025-01783-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Specific Sn–O–Fe Active Sites from Atomically Sn-Doping Porous Fe2O3 for Ultrasensitive NO2 Detection","authors":"Yihong Zhong,&nbsp;Guotao Yuan,&nbsp;Dequan Bao,&nbsp;Yi Tao,&nbsp;Zhenqiu Gao,&nbsp;Wei Zhao,&nbsp;Shuo Li,&nbsp;Yuting Yang,&nbsp;Pingping Zhang,&nbsp;Hao Zhang,&nbsp;Xuhui Sun","doi":"10.1007/s40820-025-01770-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40820-025-01770-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h2>Highlights</h2><div>\u0000 \u0000 <ul>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>The heteroatom atomically doping strategy was reported to construct highly\u0000efficient sites on metal oxides for the detection of low-concentration gas.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>The atomically dispersed Sn atoms were intentionally incorporated into the Fe₂O₃\u0000lattice during the oxidative annealing of Fe-based metal organic framework,\u0000leading to specific Sn–O–Fe sites, porous structures, and abundant oxygen\u0000vacancies.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>The optimized Sn-Fe₂O₃ exhibited exceptional sensing performance for NO₂\u0000detection: ultra-high sensitivity (<i>Rg</i>/<i>Ra</i>=2646.6 to 1 ppm NO₂), ultra-low limit of\u0000detection (10 ppb), and high selectivity.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div></div>","PeriodicalId":714,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Micro Letters","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":26.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40820-025-01770-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in Metal Halide Perovskite Scintillators for X-Ray Detection","authors":"Ting Wang,&nbsp;Guoqiang Zeng,&nbsp;Yang Michael Yang,&nbsp;Zhi Yang,&nbsp;Tianchi Wang,&nbsp;Hao Li,&nbsp;Lulu Han,&nbsp;Xue Yu,&nbsp;Xuhui Xu,&nbsp;Xiaoping Ouyang","doi":"10.1007/s40820-025-01772-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40820-025-01772-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The relentless pursuit of advanced X-ray detection technologies has been significantly bolstered by the emergence of metal halides perovskites (MHPs) and their derivatives, which possess remarkable light yield and X-ray sensitivity. This comprehensive review delves into cutting-edge approaches for optimizing MHP scintillators performances by enhancing intrinsic physical properties and employing engineering radioluminescent (RL) light strategies, underscoring their potential for developing materials with superior high-resolution X-ray detection and imaging capabilities. We initially explore into recent research focused on strategies to effectively engineer the intrinsic physical properties of MHP scintillators, including light yield and response times. Additionally, we explore innovative engineering strategies involving stacked structures, waveguide effects, chiral circularly polarized luminescence, increased transparency, and the fabrication of flexile MHP scintillators, all of which effectively manage the RL light to achieve high-resolution and high-contrast X-ray imaging. Finally, we provide a roadmap for advancing next-generation MHP scintillators, highlighting their transformative potential in high-performance X-ray detection systems.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":714,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Micro Letters","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":26.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40820-025-01772-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144117624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine Learning Tailored Anodes for Efficient Hydrogen Energy Generation in Proton-Conducting Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells","authors":"Fangyuan Zheng,&nbsp;Baoyin Yuan,&nbsp;Youfeng Cai,&nbsp;Huanxin Xiang,&nbsp;Chunmei Tang,&nbsp;Ling Meng,&nbsp;Lei Du,&nbsp;Xiting Zhang,&nbsp;Feng Jiao,&nbsp;Yoshitaka Aoki,&nbsp;Ning Wang,&nbsp;Siyu Ye","doi":"10.1007/s40820-025-01764-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40820-025-01764-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the global trend of vigorously developing hydrogen energy, proton-conducting solid oxide electrolysis cells (P-SOECs) have attracted significant attention due to their advantages of high efficiency and not requiring precious metals. However, the application of P-SOECs faces challenges, particularly in developing high-performance anodes possessing both high catalytic activity and ionic conductivity. In this study, La_0.9Ba_0.1Co_0.7Ni_0.3O_{3−<i>δ</i>} (LBCN9173) and La_0.9Ca_0.1Co_0.7Ni_0.3O_{3−<i>δ</i>} (LCCN9173) oxides are tailored as promising anodes by machine learning model, achieving the synergistic enhancement of water oxidation reaction kinetics and proton conduction, which is confirmed by comprehensively analyzing experiment and density functional theory calculation results. Furthermore, the anodic reaction mechanisms for P-SOECs with these anodes are elucidated by analyzing distribution of relaxation time spectra and Gibbs energy of water oxidation reaction, manifesting that the dissociation of H₂O is facilitated on LBCN9173 anode. As a result, P-SOEC with LBCN9173 anode demonstrates a top-rank current density of 2.45 A cm⁻² at 1.3 V and an extremely low polarization resistance of 0.05 Ω cm² at 650 °C. This multi-scale, multi-faceted research approach not only discovered a high-performance anode but also proved the robust framework for the machine learning-assisted design of anodes for P-SOECs.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":714,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Micro Letters","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":26.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40820-025-01764-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144117808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MXene-Ti3C2Tx-Based Neuromorphic Computing: Physical Mechanisms, Performance Enhancement, and Cutting-Edge Computing","authors":"Kaiyang Wang,&nbsp;Shuhui Ren,&nbsp;Yunfang Jia,&nbsp;Xiaobing Yan,&nbsp;Lizhen Wang,&nbsp;Yubo Fan","doi":"10.1007/s40820-025-01787-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40820-025-01787-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Neuromorphic devices have shown great potential in simulating the function of biological neurons due to their efficient parallel information processing and low energy consumption. MXene-Ti₃C₂T_x, an emerging two-dimensional material, stands out as an ideal candidate for fabricating neuromorphic devices. Its exceptional electrical performance and robust mechanical properties make it an ideal choice for this purpose. This review aims to uncover the advantages and properties of MXene-Ti₃C₂T_x in neuromorphic devices and to promote its further development. Firstly, we categorize several core physical mechanisms present in MXene-Ti₃C₂T_x neuromorphic devices and summarize in detail the reasons for their formation. Then, this work systematically summarizes and classifies advanced techniques for the three main optimization pathways of MXene-Ti₃C₂T_x, such as doping engineering, interface engineering, and structural engineering. Significantly, this work highlights innovative applications of MXene-Ti₃C₂T_x neuromorphic devices in cutting-edge computing paradigms, particularly near-sensor computing and in-sensor computing. Finally, this review carefully compiles a table that integrates almost all research results involving MXene-Ti₃C₂T_x neuromorphic devices and discusses the challenges, development prospects, and feasibility of MXene-Ti₃C₂T_x-based neuromorphic devices in practical applications, aiming to lay a solid theoretical foundation and provide technical support for further exploration and application of MXene-Ti₃C₂T_x in the field of neuromorphic devices. </p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":714,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Micro Letters","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":26.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40820-025-01787-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144117809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient Thermally Evaporated Near-Infrared Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes via Phase Regulation","authors":"Siwei He,&nbsp;Lanxin Qin,&nbsp;Zhengzheng Liu,&nbsp;Jae-Wook Kang,&nbsp;Jiajun Luo,&nbsp;Juan Du","doi":"10.1007/s40820-025-01776-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40820-025-01776-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h2>Highlights</h2><div>\u0000 \u0000 <ul>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>α-phase formamidinium lead triiodide (FAPbI₃) was prepared based on triple-source co-evaporation.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>A partial Cs-doping in the FAPbI₃ can help with the suppression of the non-radiative recombination, elimination of the metallic Pb, improvement of spatial confinement.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>Near-infrared perovskite light-emitting diodes (NIR-PeLEDs) based on triple-source co-evaporated FACsPbI₃ thin films achieved a maximum external quantum efficiency of 10.25%, which was around 6 times higher than that of FAPbI₃-based NIR-PeLEDs.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div></div>","PeriodicalId":714,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Micro Letters","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":26.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40820-025-01776-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aramid Nanofiber/MXene-Reinforced Polyelectrolyte Hydrogels for Absorption-Dominated Electromagnetic Interference Shielding and Wearable Sensing","authors":"Jinglun Guo,&nbsp;Tianyi Zhang,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Hao,&nbsp;Shuaijie Liu,&nbsp;Yuxin Zou,&nbsp;Jinjin Li,&nbsp;Wei Wu,&nbsp;Liming Chen,&nbsp;Xuqing Liu","doi":"10.1007/s40820-025-01791-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40820-025-01791-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Conductive hydrogels have garnered widespread attention as a versatile class of flexible electronics. Despite considerable advancements, current methodologies struggle to reconcile the fundamental trade-off between high conductivity and effective absorption-dominated electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, as dictated by classical impedance matching theory. This study addresses these limitations by introducing a novel synthesis of aramid nanofiber/MXene-reinforced polyelectrolyte hydrogels. Leveraging the unique properties of polyelectrolytes, this innovative approach enhances ionic conductivity and exploits the hydration effect of hydrophilic polar groups to induce the formation of intermediate water. This critical innovation facilitates polarization relaxation and rearrangement in response to electromagnetic fields, thereby significantly enhancing the EMI shielding effectiveness of hydrogels. The electromagnetic wave attenuation capacity of these hydrogels was thoroughly evaluated across both X-band and terahertz band frequencies, with further investigation into the impact of varying water content states—hydrated, dried, and frozen—on their electromagnetic properties. Moreover, the hydrogels exhibited promising capabilities beyond mere EMI shielding; they also served effectively as strain sensors for monitoring human motions, indicating their potential applicability in wearable electronics. This work provides a new approach to designing multifunctional hydrogels, advancing the integration of flexible, multifunctional materials in modern electronics, with potential applications in both EMI shielding and wearable technology.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":714,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Micro Letters","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":26.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40820-025-01791-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modified Near-Infrared Annealing Enabled Rapid and Homogeneous Crystallization of Perovskite Films for Efficient Solar Modules","authors":"Qing Chang,&nbsp;Peng He,&nbsp;Haosong Huang,&nbsp;Yingchen Peng,&nbsp;Xiao Han,&nbsp;Yang Shen,&nbsp;Jun Yin,&nbsp;Zhengjing Zhao,&nbsp;Ye Yang,&nbsp;Binghui Wu,&nbsp;Zhiguo Zhao,&nbsp;Jing Li,&nbsp;Nanfeng Zheng","doi":"10.1007/s40820-025-01792-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40820-025-01792-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Currently, perovskite solar cells have achieved commendable progresses in power conversion efficiency (PCE) and operational stability. However, some conventional laboratory-scale fabrication methods become challenging when scaling up material syntheses or device production. Particularly, the prolonged high-temperature annealing process for the crystallization of perovskites requires a substantial amount of energy consumption and impact the modules’ throughput. Here, we report a modified near-infrared annealing (NIRA) process, which involves the excess PbI₂ engineered crystallization, efficiently reduces the preparation time for perovskite active layer to within 20 s compared to dozens of min in conventional hot plate annealing (HPA) process. The study showed that the incorporated PbI₂ promoted the consistent nucleation of the perovskite film, leading to the subsequent rapid and homogeneous crystallization at the NIRA stage. Thus, highly crystalized perovskite film was realized with even better crystallization performance than conventional HPA-based film. Ultimately, efficient perovskite solar modules of 36 and 100 cm² were readily fabricated with the optimal PCEs of 22.03% and 20.18%, respectively. This study demonstrates, for the first time, the successful achievement of homogeneous and high-quality crystallization in large-area perovskite films through rapid NIRA processing. This approach not only significantly reduces energy consumption during production, but also substantially shortens the manufacturing cycle, paving a new path toward the commercial-scale application of perovskite solar modules.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":714,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Micro Letters","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":26.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40820-025-01792-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}