Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells最新文献

{"title":"Dynamic solutions for urban cooling: integrating thermochromism and photoluminescence in dynamic retroreflective skins for heat mitigation","authors":"Silvia Cavagnoli ,&nbsp;Claudia Fabiani ,&nbsp;Anna Laura Pisello","doi":"10.1016/j.solmat.2025.113659","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solmat.2025.113659","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we explore innovative coatings for building applications to mitigate surface overheating and the associated Urban Heat Island phenomenon. We examined the interaction among different types of cool materials, starting with a base coating comprising highly reflective paint (HR), further enhanced with thermochromic (TH) and photoluminescent pigments (PH). These materials were applied onto a PVC substrate and subsequently overlaid with a retroreflective (RR) layer containing fine-grained (FG) and medium-grained (MG) glass microspheres at varying weight percentages (25, 40, and 50 wt%). A combination of optical and thermal analysis techniques was used to assess the interactions between the layered materials and the impact of RR coatings on key performance metrics. Results highlight the significant influence of glass microsphere size: MG microspheres achieved total solar reflectance values exceeding 70 %, while FTIR analysis showed stable thermal emittance around 50 %, with a notable 20 % reduction in the 11–19 μm range for MG samples. Surface roughness measurements further revealed smoother surfaces in MG-coated samples compared to FG ones. Decay time simulations under low and high irradiance conditions for PH samples indicated prolonged photoluminescent persistence in FG-based systems, especially under low irradiation. Overall, while MG microspheres offer superior solar reflectance, FG microspheres demonstrated more balanced performance, making them particularly promising for UHI mitigation strategies in urban coatings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":429,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells","volume":"289 ","pages":"Article 113659"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143911454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative study of photothermal conversion efficiency of laser-ablated Ag, Au, and CuO nanoparticles for solar steam generation applications","authors":"Walaa Gouda ,&nbsp;Hamdy Maamoun Abdel-Ghafar ,&nbsp;Hossam Fathy Nassar ,&nbsp;Tarek Mohamed","doi":"10.1016/j.solmat.2025.113692","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solmat.2025.113692","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to freshwater scarcity, the urgent need for affordable, effective, and scalable seawater and wastewater purification technologies has gained significant attention. Solar steam generation (SSG) presents a sustainable solution for freshwater production. Noble metal nanoparticles showed higher photothermal conversion efficiencies than conventional materials, drawing considerable interest in SSG applications. In this study, silver (Ag), gold (Au), and copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles were synthesized using a one-step, environmentally friendly technique called laser ablation in liquid. The impact of varying the laser average power on nanoparticle size, concentration, and photothermal activity were studied. The nanofluids were then applied to SSG, and their evaporation rates were evaluated in comparison to pure water. Under the same 1-sun irradiation circumstances, Au NPs exhibited the highest evaporation rate, achieving 2.29 times the rate of pure water with the highest photothermal efficiency among other prepared nanofluid that reach 80 %. Ag NPs demonstrated an evaporation rate 2.08 times higher, while CuO NPs increased the evaporation rate by 1.73 times compared to pure water. While silver nanofluid photothermal conversion efficiency (PTE) enhancement was 243 % and copper oxide PTE enhancement was 190 %, the optimal performances were achieved with gold nanofluids, exhibiting a (PTE) enhancement of 306 % relative to the base fluid. These results highlight the superior performance of Au NPs in photothermal applications and underscore the potential of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles in developing pure water production by solar energy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":429,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells","volume":"289 ","pages":"Article 113692"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143911453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cement-diatomite composite phase change capsules for thermal energy storage","authors":"Weiying Yan ,&nbsp;Baoshan Xie ,&nbsp;Hualin Zeng ,&nbsp;Chuanchang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.solmat.2025.113678","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solmat.2025.113678","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Packed-bed latent heat storage systems using phase change material (PCM) have attracted considerable attention in harnessing renewable energy for heat supply. Various high-performance composite phase change materials (CPCMs) have been prepared but face challenges in large-scale thermal applications. This work designed a new type of encapsulated compacted capsules using cement-diatomite-based composite phase change materials. The effects of component content and mixing temperature on the micro-bonding mechanism and macro-performance of spherical capsules were investigated. The results show that when the CPCMs content is set at 70 wt%, the fabricated capsule achieves an average latent heat of 58 J g⁻¹, with a corresponding latent heat storage capacity of 1.305 kJ per capsule and a density of 1083 kg m⁻³. The capsule can maintain a stable shape while significantly increasing the CPCMs content, thereby increasing the thermal storage capacity. Moreover, the capsule has a higher storage power than that of CPCM due to its higher thermal conductivity of 0.58 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹. In terms of thermal response, the encapsulated capsule with cement-based binders takes only 10 min to complete the solid-liquid phase transition in the heat charging process, which is 1.4 times faster than its unencapsulated counterparts. More importantly, the compressive strength was 2.87 MPa, which will increase by 21.53 % when the specimen is covered with an external cement shell. Overall, this capsule shows significant potential in packed bed thermal storage system application and it can provide a new pathway for the practical application of shape-stable composite PCMs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":429,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells","volume":"289 ","pages":"Article 113678"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143907737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Empirical thermophotovoltaic performance predictions and limits","authors":"Titilope M. Dada ,&nbsp;Calvin M. Mestelle ,&nbsp;Daniel J. Friedman ,&nbsp;Myles A. Steiner ,&nbsp;Eric J. Tervo","doi":"10.1016/j.solmat.2025.113666","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solmat.2025.113666","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Significant progress has been made in the field of thermophotovoltaics, with efficiency recently rising to over 40% due to improvements in cell design and material quality, higher emitter temperatures, and better spectral management. However, inconsistencies in trends for efficiency with semiconductor bandgap energy across various temperatures pose challenges in predicting optimal bandgaps or expected performance for different applications. To address these issues, here we present realistic performance predictions for various types of single-junction cells over a broad range of emitter temperatures using an empirical model based on past cell measurements. Our model is validated using data from different authors with various bandgaps and emitter temperatures, and an excellent agreement is seen between the model and the experimental data. Using our model, we show that in addition to spectral losses, it is important to consider practical electrical losses associated with series resistance and cell quality to avoid overestimation of system efficiency. We also show the effect of modifying various system parameters such as bandgap, above and below-bandgap reflectance, saturation current, and series resistance on the efficiency and power density of thermophotovoltaics at different temperatures. Finally, we predict the bandgap energies for best performance over a range of emitter temperatures for different cell material qualities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":429,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells","volume":"289 ","pages":"Article 113666"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143907738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sky radiance distribution based model for rear and front insolation estimation on PV bifacial modules","authors":"Mattia Parenti,&nbsp;Samuele Memme,&nbsp;Marco Fossa","doi":"10.1016/j.solmat.2025.113677","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solmat.2025.113677","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Single-axis bifacial photovoltaic tracking systems enable an energy production increase through the conversion of ground-reflected irradiance. This study presents a model to determine the irradiance distribution on both sides of bifacial module arrays to calculate best tilt and motion laws for maximizing irradiance collection at different sky conditions. The 3D celestial vault is described through the Perez “All-Weather” sky model, thus comprising different radiance distributions across the sky dome. The model relies on calculations of view factors related to sky portions (average solid angle 0.0376 Sr) and module and ground subareas; its results have been validated against simulations performed through “Bifacial_radiance” by NREL. The hourly annual analysis has been conducted both for a Mediterranean and for a continental plant to compare the solar yield from the present model tracking law to backtracking strategy based on sun position at different azimuthal orientations of the plant. Solar energy collection increase can reach 6 % during months characterized by a larger share of diffuse irradiance. Calculation of irradiance distribution on front and rear module surfaces allows for precise estimation of available solar energy and for the definition of strategies aimed at maximizing productivity while considering cell-to-cell mismatch and “bifaciality factor” effects in adjacent arrays.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":429,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells","volume":"289 ","pages":"Article 113677"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143904361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-temperature-deposited quaternary ZnO-based transparent conducting oxide and their application to kesterite thin film solar cells","authors":"Youseong Park ,&nbsp;Jun Sung Jang ,&nbsp;Vijay C. Karade ,&nbsp;Hojun Choi ,&nbsp;Mingrui He ,&nbsp;Mahesh P. Suryawanshi ,&nbsp;Suyoung Jang ,&nbsp;Eunjin Jo ,&nbsp;Myeong Gil Gang ,&nbsp;Seung Wook Shin ,&nbsp;Jin Hyeok Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.solmat.2025.113679","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solmat.2025.113679","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aluminum-doped ZnO (AZO) is widely used as a transparent conducting oxide (TCO) in various optoelectronic devices owing to its low-cost, nontoxicity, and excellent electrical and optical properties. However, the high substrate temperature or relatively narrow band gap energy (E_g) of AZO-based TCO in optoelectronic devices may significantly degrade and/or limit device performance. Accordingly, present study systematically investigates low-temperature deposition of Mg and Ga co-doped ZnO (MGZO)-based TCO with variable E_g and their application in kesterite thin-film solar cells (TFSCs). An investigation reveals that the MGZO thin films exhibited better crystallinity, larger grains, and enhanced optoelectronic properties than that of the AZO thin films, such as sheet resistance of less than 8 Ω/sq and mobility of more than 27 cm²/Vs even at low substrate temperatures. In addition, the kesterite TFSC with MGZO deposited at a lower substrate temperature, demonstrated the improved absolute device efficiency of 1.37 %, along with enhanced carrier collection, and long-term stability than that of conventional AZO. This study introduces an efficient strategy to develop alternative AZO TCOs using combination of simple doping and low deposition temperature and offers methods to improve the power conversion efficiency of kesterite-based TFSCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":429,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells","volume":"289 ","pages":"Article 113679"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143902280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulating ion dynamics through poly ionic liquid for high-performance alkyl viologen-based electrochromic devices","authors":"Wei-You Lin ,&nbsp;Gaurav Kumar Silori ,&nbsp;Hsin-Fu Yu ,&nbsp;Kuo-Chuan Ho","doi":"10.1016/j.solmat.2025.113676","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solmat.2025.113676","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ionic liquids (ILs) are increasingly used in electrochromic devices (ECDs) due to their unique properties that make them well-suited for enhancing the performance and longevity of these devices. In this regard, 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMIMBF₄) has widely been utilized in ECDs due to its high ionic conductivity, wide electrochemical stability window, and low volatility. However, studies have revealed that ECDs suffer from the adsorption of the BMIMBF₄'s cations on the electrode surface, causing increased charge transfer resistance, thus leading to poor electrochemical surface reaction and optical properties. In this study, we provide a recipe to address this issue by incorporating a poly(ionic liquid) (PIL, poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-difluorovinylidene aminooxoethyl-1-butylimidazolium-co-vinylidene aminooxoethyl-1-butylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate) as an electrolyte in an alkyl viologen-based ECD. The PIL-based ECD exhibited impressive performance due to the immobilized IL's cations (BMIM⁺) on the polymer (PVdF-HFP) backbone, thus preventing their accumulation on the electrode's active area and facilitating better redox kinetics. In compare to pristine viologen-based ECD (BrBzV/Fc) which showed ionic conductivity (σ) of ∼4.7 mS/cm, transmittance change (ΔT, 605 nm) of ∼71 %, and long-term stability (ΔT-retention after 10,000 cycles) of ∼89 %, flagship improvement in a PIL-based ECD (5PIL-BrBzV/Fc) was realized through high σ (∼13.1 mS/cm), increased ΔT (∼74 % at 605 nm) and remarkable long-term stability (∼98 % ΔT-retention after 20,000 cycles). The electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) analysis revealed that PIL-based ECD greatly diminished the cation's ion-accumulation issue. Our findings demonstrate that the adoption of PIL as a substitute for conventional ILs may result in substantial advancements in the electrochemical and optical characteristics of gel electrolyte-based ECDs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":429,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells","volume":"289 ","pages":"Article 113676"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143902279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning screening and DFT calculations for exploring Cs2Ag0.75X0.25BiCl6 (X=Na, K, Rb) double perovskites as underwater photovoltaic materials","authors":"Changcheng Chen ,&nbsp;Zhao Han ,&nbsp;Yaxin Xu ,&nbsp;Zhengjun Wang ,&nbsp;Yali Tuo ,&nbsp;Yuxi Du ,&nbsp;Xiongfei Yun ,&nbsp;Shaohang Shi ,&nbsp;Jiangzhou Xie ,&nbsp;Shuli Gao ,&nbsp;Wen Chen ,&nbsp;Chao Dong ,&nbsp;Yuxiao Ji ,&nbsp;Xiaoning Guan ,&nbsp;Gang Liu ,&nbsp;Pengfei Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.solmat.2025.113674","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solmat.2025.113674","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Underwater vehicles, sensors, and autonomous systems heavily rely on stable energy supplies, which remain a key limiting factor in their practical applications. Traditional silicon-based solar cells are restricted in underwater applications due to their low light absorption efficiency and poor mechanical stability. In this study, we employed machine learning to screen perovskite materials with suitable bandgaps and constructed a vacuum-ordered Cs₂AgBiCl₆ double perovskite model. Subsequently, through first-principles calculations, we systematically investigated the structural, electronic, optical, and mechanical properties of Cs₂Ag₀.₇₅X₀.₂₅BiCl₆ (X = Na, K, Rb) double perovskites to assess their potential in underwater photovoltaic devices. The results demonstrate that Cs₂Ag₀.₇₅X₀.₂₅BiCl₆ double perovskites exhibit excellent photovoltaic performance, particularly with bandgaps between 1.8 and 2.3 eV, making them ideal for underwater photovoltaic applications. Optical calculations show that these materials have a high light absorption coefficient, reaching up to 1.56×10⁵ cm⁻¹. Cs₂Ag₀.₇₅Na₀.₂₅BiCl₆, in particular, achieved a power conversion efficiency of 19.18 % with a bandgap of 1.83 eV, exhibiting high light absorption capacity. In terms of mechanical performance, Cs₂Ag₀.₇₅Rb₀.₂₅BiCl₆ displayed significant anisotropy, enhancing its mechanical stability under complex water flow conditions. In conclusion, the vacuum-ordered Cs₂Ag₀.₇₅X₀.₂₅BiCl₆ double perovskites exhibit excellent overall performance, providing important theoretical support for the development of efficient and reliable underwater photovoltaic materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":429,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells","volume":"289 ","pages":"Article 113674"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143895891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Micro/nanoscale spacers for enhanced thermophotovoltaic and thermionic energy conversion: a comprehensive review","authors":"Nicolas A. Loubet,&nbsp;Katie Bezdjian,&nbsp;Esther López,&nbsp;Alejandro Datas","doi":"10.1016/j.solmat.2025.113673","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solmat.2025.113673","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thermionics and thermophotovoltaics are solid-state technologies that convert high-temperature heat into electricity by utilizing fundamental particles—electrons in thermionics and photons in thermophotovoltaics—as energy carriers. Both systems have the potential to achieve high efficiency and power density, contingent on the optimization of radiative/electronic energy fluxes. A critical factor in enhancing energy flux in these devices is the introduction of microscale (thermionics) or nanoscale (thermophotovoltaics) gaps between the hot thermal emitter and the cooler receiver. In thermionic converters, microscale gaps mitigate space charge effects that create energy barriers to electron flow. For thermophotovoltaic systems, nanoscale gaps facilitate photon tunneling, significantly boosting photon flux towards the thermophotovoltaic cell. Forming these small-scale gaps often necessitates intermediate materials or spacers between the emitter and receiver. Over the past few decades, various spacer designs have been proposed and studied, demonstrating their effectiveness in enhancing energy transfer and conversion. However, challenges remain regarding their reliability and scalability. This article provides a comprehensive overview of spacer technologies for thermionics and thermophotovoltaics and summarizes recent advancements, current capabilities, and persistent challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":429,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells","volume":"289 ","pages":"Article 113673"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143895892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybridising photovoltaics and thermoelectrics: A detailed-balance analysis","authors":"Alexis Vossier ,&nbsp;Etienne Blandre ,&nbsp;Rodolphe Vaillon","doi":"10.1016/j.solmat.2025.113636","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solmat.2025.113636","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The combination of photovoltaic and thermoelectric converters could potentially lead to an improvement in the efficiency with which solar energy is converted into electricity, thanks to the improved exploitation of the residual heat generated in the PV cells. Using the detailed balance formalism, we develop a simple model enabling to derive the ultimate efficiency limits of PV-TE systems on the basis of a restricted number of operating parameters, including the bandgap of the semiconductor materials used, the cell temperature and the concentration ratio of the solar flux to which the PV cells are subjected. It is shown that in the radiative limit, the added value of PV-TE systems remains relatively modest, with an improvement in the electrical power generated of the order of 5% relative to conventional PV systems, and up to 15% for CPV systems operating under concentrated solar flux. Secondly, the limited capacity of real photovoltaic cells to approach their own theoretical limits is taken into account. We demonstrate a substantial improvement in the performance of PV-TE systems incorporating realistic solar cells operating at only a fraction of their theoretical limit, compared with reference PV systems. The value of solar concentration, which provides an additional leverage in the quest for high temperatures, while mitigating the adverse effect of temperature on PV cell efficiency, is also highlighted. Finally, the paper discusses the practical limitations of the model and outlines the operating and material parameters that need to be taken into account in order to rigorously determine the added value of these systems compared with conventional PV modules.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":429,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells","volume":"289 ","pages":"Article 113636"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143899159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}