Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells最新文献

{"title":"Effects of partial shading and temperature-dependent reverse bias behaviour on degradation in perovskite photovoltaic modules","authors":"Takeshi Tayagaki,&nbsp;Haruka Kobayashi,&nbsp;Kohei Yamamoto,&nbsp;Takurou N. Murakami,&nbsp;Masahiro Yoshita","doi":"10.1016/j.solmat.2024.113229","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solmat.2024.113229","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The vulnerability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) to reverse bias caused by partial shading in the module and current mismatch in tandem configurations present significant challenges for the commercialisation of PSCs, particularly in terms of their performance, durability, and safety. In this study, we investigated the effects of partial shading on perovskite photovoltaic (PV) modules and the temperature-dependent reverse bias behaviour in solar cells. Partial shading of perovskite PV modules degrades their performance, but light soaking restores it, indicating that the reverse-bias-induced changes are induced not only by permanent damage but also by reversible changes. Furthermore, the reverse bias effects on the solar cell, which cause the degradation of the modules under partial shading stress, are reversible. Additionally, the reverse-bias behaviour is highly dependent on temperature, indicating that temperature-dependent ion migration under an applied reverse bias leads to changes in the reverse-bias behaviour, such as reversible properties and enhanced modification at elevated temperatures. Our findings demonstrate that unravelling the properties hidden by ion migration is crucial for assessing the intrinsic durability and reliability of PSCs and understanding the effects of partial shading in perovskite PV modules.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":429,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells","volume":"279 ","pages":"Article 113229"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142529158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing solar still productivity in tropical climate with conductive particle-assisted phase change material","authors":"Jia Hui Tan ,&nbsp;Yuin Yue Liew ,&nbsp;Rubina Bahar ,&nbsp;Hieng Kiat Jun ,&nbsp;Jaslyn Low","doi":"10.1016/j.solmat.2024.113227","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solmat.2024.113227","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solar desalination may become the sustainable solution to mitigate freshwater scarcity with growing demand. However, conventional solar stills for desalination are limited to low production efficiency caused by low/unavailable solar irradiation. Current research in thermal energy storage (TES) for solar desalination utilizes phase change materials (PCM) to store solar heat, ensuring uninterrupted energy for distillate production. Some PCMs have high melting point which would not melt entirely during low solar radiation periods; hence, this study investigates on the addition of conductive particles in PCMs. This study reports the results from experiments combining various types of PCMs and conductive particles in a solar distiller. Petroleum jelly (PJ) and paraffin wax (PW), along with aluminium scrap and aluminium oxide (Al₂O₃) nanopowder as conductive particles, were tested in single-slope solar stills to evaluate their performance under varying solar irradiation in a tropical climate country. It can be concluded that the addition of PW as PCM has increased the efficiency of the solar still significantly, and the addition of conductive particles has shown further notable improvements. Interestingly, the relatively expensive Aluminium oxide (Al₂O₃) nanoparticles and the cost-effective Aluminium scrap chip exhibited similar performance levels. Among the different sets of experiments, solar still with PW and Aluminium scrap was 17.98 % efficient with a yield of 0.457 kg/m² per day, and its production was 2.8 times higher than the conventional solar still. The solar still with Al₂O₃ nanoparticle embedded PW showed an increase in productivity by 27 % compared to the still with aluminium scrap mixed PW; where the water yield is 0.342 kg/m² per day, 0.038 kg/m² more than the solar still with aluminium scrap mixed PW. The cost of water produced per litre was up to 0.011 US$/litre. This study opens a pathway for further investigation on the efficiency and productivity associated with different categories of conductive particles usually associated with PCM in solar still research in the tropics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":429,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells","volume":"279 ","pages":"Article 113227"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142529156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A coupled optical-thermal-fluid-structural analysis of parabolic trough solar collector by deformation coupling instant ray-tracing multiple iteration method","authors":"Yunyi Han ,&nbsp;Lu Li ,&nbsp;Shuoshuo Wang ,&nbsp;Zhang Bai ,&nbsp;Qi Li","doi":"10.1016/j.solmat.2024.113221","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solmat.2024.113221","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Parabolic trough solar collectors (PTC) have been widely applied in concentrating solar power generation and solar heating. During typical operation processes, due to the interaction between the bending deformation and the non-uniform solar flux concentration of the receiver tube, the PTC presents a complex multi-physical coupling phenomenon, which seriously influences the concentrating characteristic and solar-to-thermal conversion efficiency. In order to improve the accuracy of multiphysics simulation, a fully coupled optical-thermal-fluid-structural simulation model is developed by considering the novel structure-deformation coupling instant ray-tracing method. Based on the case study refers to the Euro Trough 150 type collector and the Schott PTR70 type solar receiver, the optical-thermal-fluid-structural coupling characteristics of PTC has been comprehensively investigated. The results indicate that the calculation error of the receiver tube deformation decreases by 16 %, indicating significant improvement in multiphysics coupling. Under the dynamic tracking process, increasing the tracking angle of the adopted PTC module to 90° from 0°results in a corresponding peak solar flux improvement to 73.84 kW/m² from 72.41 kW/m². Due to the thermal stress and gravity, the maximum concavity decreases to 6.64 mm from 9.58 mm and the maximum convexity increases to 1.89 mm from 1.13 mm. This new method provides a feasible reference for optimization and regulation of PTCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":429,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells","volume":"279 ","pages":"Article 113221"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142529154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative thermal model analysis and experimental validation for predicting performance of a pyramidal solar still with integrated pulsating heat pipe","authors":"Nagendra Pandey,&nbsp;Y. Naresh","doi":"10.1016/j.solmat.2024.113220","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solmat.2024.113220","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Developing nations face a dire situation as water scarcity and pollution significantly impact various aspects of life. It's crucial to take action now to address these pressing issues and ensure a sustainable future for all. Solar desalination processes emerge as a promising solution to these pressing problems in water purification technologies.</div><div>This paper reports the thermal modeling and experimental results of two solar still designs, namely (i) Pyramidal solar still with pulsating heat pipe (PHP), Modified pyramidal solar still (MPSS), and (ii) conventional pyramidal solar still (CPSS). This study uses energy balance equations to focus on MPSS and CPSS thermal modeling. In the MPSS, a PHP, in conjunction with a solar collector, provides external heat to basin water. Several models, including Dunkel, Kumar and Tiwari, Chen, and Zheng Hongfei, are utilized to estimate the performance of both MPSS and CPSS. Extensive experiments have been conducted for validation purposes. Key parameters considered for prediction and comparison include evaporative heat transfer coefficient, convective heat transfer coefficient, total heat transfer coefficient, and hourly yield. It is noted that the Kumar and Tiwari model demonstrates a superior ability to predict cumulative yield, with a percentage error of 5.81 % and 5.9 % for MPSS and CPSS, respectively, compared to the experimental cumulative yield. The theoretical average basin water temperature observed in MPSS is 64.56 °C, and CPSS is 58.8 °C. The enhancement in temperature is attributed to the supplementary heat provided by the PHP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":429,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells","volume":"279 ","pages":"Article 113220"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142528724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-efficiency n-TOPCon cells ensured by an emitter preparation process without post-oxidation","authors":"Xinlu Li ,&nbsp;QinQin Wang ,&nbsp;Xu Dong ,&nbsp;Jiadong Li ,&nbsp;XinYu Zhang ,&nbsp;Ningyi Yuan ,&nbsp;Lvzhou Li ,&nbsp;Jianning Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.solmat.2024.113223","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solmat.2024.113223","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Laser-enhanced contact optimisation (LECO) technology can effectively improve the efficiency of tunnel oxide passivated contact (n-TOPCon) solar cells. Generally, the preparation of an emitter in TOPCon cells requires post-oxidation treatment at temperatures exceeding 1030 °C for over 3000 s. This high-temperature post-oxidation process results in reduced surface doping concentration, increased reflectivity of the front of the cell and elevated manufacturing costs of the junction. In this study, through process research, we reveal that the optimal profile depth of emitter (the boron doping concentration at 1 × 10¹⁸ atoms/cm³) for mass-produced LECO pastes ranges from 0.44 to 0.52 μm. Additionally, it was discovered that a boron-rich layer (BRL) thinner than 10 nm does not reduce bulk lifetime and increase contact resistivity. Based on these findings, we developed a boron-diffusion method without post-oxidation, which involves controlling the BRL thickness by adjusting the pre-oxidation layer thickness and cycle deposition. When applied to the mass production of n-TOPCon solar cells, this approach resulted in a solar cell conversion efficiency of 26.28 %. This represents an improvement of 0.03 %–0.05 % over traditional boron-diffusion processes. Furthermore, eliminating post-oxidation significantly improved the production capacity and lifespan of the boron-diffusion furnace, thereby reducing the manufacturing costs associated with the solar cells. Furthermore, eliminating post-oxidation significantly improved the production capacity and lifespan of the boron-diffusion furnace, thereby reducing the manufacturing costs associated with the solar cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":429,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells","volume":"279 ","pages":"Article 113223"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142528725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental enhancement study of thermophysical properties of ternary carbonate phase change material with multi-dimensional nanoparticles","authors":"Meiyang Xu,&nbsp;Gaosheng Wei,&nbsp;Chao Huang,&nbsp;Xiaoze Du","doi":"10.1016/j.solmat.2024.113222","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solmat.2024.113222","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbonates have great application potential as heat transfer and thermal energy storage media in the development of future phase change materials. This paper gives thermophysical properties enhancement study on ternary carbonates in liquid state by adding aluminum oxide nanoparticles, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, graphene nanosheets, and experimentally evaluate the performance strengthen ability of multi-dimensional nanoparticles. The thermal diffusivities and specific heats of the prepared samples by the water solution method are determined using the laser flash technique and the differential scanning calorimetry at liquid state, respectively. A thermogravimetric analyzer is deployed for evaluate the high-temperature thermal stability of the composite ternary carbonates. Scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy techniques are utilized to examine the surface morphologies and chemical structures of the samples. The results indicate that there is a cooperative reinforcement impact on the thermophysical properties of ternary carbonate by utilizing zero-dimensional Al₂O₃ nanoparticles and two-dimensional graphene nanosheets, with a maximum improvement of 56.7 % for thermal conductivity, and 10.3 % for specific heat, which is apparently larger than adding any single nanoparticle. The composites exhibit superior thermal cycling stability after low-high temperature experiment, and samples can maintain thermal stability until 700 °C in the thermogravimetric analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":429,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 113222"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142442069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A contactless method of emitter sheet resistance measurement for silicon wafers","authors":"Yan Zhu,&nbsp;Thorsten Trupke,&nbsp;Ziv Hameiri","doi":"10.1016/j.solmat.2024.113209","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solmat.2024.113209","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The emitter sheet resistance is an essential parameter impacting the efficiency of silicon solar cells with diffused layers. Conventional measurement methods of this parameter either require electrical contacts or are impacted by the bulk resistivity of the measured samples. In this study, a novel method based on the combination of eddy-current conductance and photoluminescence imaging is developed for a contactless determination of the emitter sheet resistance. Numerical simulation is used to establish the correlation between the photoluminescence profile and the sum of the emitter and bulk resistance. Together with eddy-current conductance measurements, the emitter sheet resistance and bulk resistance can be separated. The accuracy of the method is validated experimentally, and its uncertainty is investigated. The contactless nature of the developed method makes it attractive for inline inspection of diffused layers in solar cell manufacturing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":429,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 113209"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142442070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “AI-enabled design of extraordinary daytime radiative cooling materials” [Solar Energy Mater. Solar Cell. 278 (2024) 113177]","authors":"Quang-Tuyen Le ,&nbsp;Sih-Wei Chang ,&nbsp;Bo-Ying Chen ,&nbsp;Huyen-Anh Phan ,&nbsp;An-Cheng Yang ,&nbsp;Fu-Hsiang Ko ,&nbsp;Hsueh-Cheng Wang ,&nbsp;Nan-Yow Chen ,&nbsp;Hsuen-Li Chen ,&nbsp;Dehui Wan ,&nbsp;Yu-Chieh Lo","doi":"10.1016/j.solmat.2024.113215","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solmat.2024.113215","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":429,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells","volume":"279 ","pages":"Article 113215"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142662327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of cell structures on electrical degradation of GaAs laser power convertors after 1 MeV electron irradiation and structure-optimization for improving radiation resistance","authors":"Linfeng Shi ,&nbsp;Chengyue Sun ,&nbsp;Yong Liu ,&nbsp;Yiyong Wu ,&nbsp;Zhenlong Wu ,&nbsp;Hongliang Guo ,&nbsp;Ronghua Wan ,&nbsp;Bao Zhang ,&nbsp;Yubao Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.solmat.2024.113206","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solmat.2024.113206","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Laser wireless power transfer (LWPT) technology holds significant promise for wireless power transmission in space, necessitating that high-efficiency GaAs laser power convertors (LPCs) have strong tolerance to high-energy particle radiation. Therefore, the degradation characteristics of GaAs LPCs with different architectures under 1 MeV electron irradiation were investigated. Experimental and simulation results demonstrate that LPCs with thicker bottom cells suffer from significantly more electrical degradation. The degradation is primarily due to a reduction in electron concentrations in the base of the bottom cells, which is considerably less pronounced as the thickness of the bottom cells decreases. Based on these analyses, thinning the thickness and optimizing the doping profile for the bottom cells are proposed to improve the radiation resistance of the LPCs. Simulations show that the electrical degradation of the optimized four-junction LPCs is notably less than that of the original four-junction LPCs under the same irradiation conditions, indicating that the proposed strategies effectively enhance the radiation resistance of the LPCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":429,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 113206"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the effect of Cu underlayer and FTO etching towards photoelectrochemical performance enhancement of Cu2O photoelectrode","authors":"Nur Azlina Adris ,&nbsp;Lorna Jeffery Minggu ,&nbsp;Khuzaimah Arifin ,&nbsp;Rozan Mohamad Yunus ,&nbsp;Mohamad Azuwa Mohamed ,&nbsp;Mohammad B. Kassim","doi":"10.1016/j.solmat.2024.113208","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solmat.2024.113208","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cuprous oxide (Cu₂O) exhibits potential as a photoactive material for photoelectrochemical water splitting, owing to its appropriate bandgap, efficient charge carrier separation, and ability to enhance solar-driven hydrogen production. This study investigates the influence of substrate etching, Cu underlayer and Cu₂O electrodeposition time, and annealing time on enhancing the photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance. Electrodeposition and thermal oxidation techniques were used to fabricate the Cu₂O/Cu/FTOe-A photocathode. It has been observed that FTO etching improves adhesion, light transmission, and efficiency. A Cu underlayer also impacts the PEC performance, wherein an ideal thickness of Cu leads to enhanced PEC performance. This study also focuses on the annealing time that leads to CuO layers and nanowires forming on the Cu₂O surface. The structural and chemical changes before and after annealing are confirmed via XRD, XPS, AFM and FESEM analyses. UV–Vis analysis also reveals that the presence of Cu underlayer, FTO etching, and the annealing process affect the electrical properties and light absorption capacities of the Cu₂O photoelectrode. Electrochemical impedance analysis (EIS) and Mott-Schottky analysis have provided insights into the enhanced charge transfer properties and band bending in the Cu₂O/Cu/FTOe-A, resulting in enhanced PEC performance. Overall, this study provides significant insights into the understanding and enhancement of Cu₂O/Cu/FTOe-A photocathodes for potential use in PEC water splitting applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":429,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 113208"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}