Truxene-based multisite-polymerized electrochromic polymers: Multicolor variation, excellent cycling stability, and flexible devices

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells Pub Date : 2025-07-26 DOI:10.1016/j.solmat.2025.113871

Kaiwen Lin , Changjun Wu , Xin Wang , Guanyu Hua , Qinran Chen , Siyi Yan , Xiaofu Kuang , Hao Liu , Yuehui Wang

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Abstract

In this study, two solution-processable electrochromic polymers (ECPs), PTr-EDOT and PTr-ProDOT, were synthesized via multi-site direct arylation polymerization (DArP) based on truxene and EDOT derivatives. Comprehensive characterization of their optical, electrochemical, morphological, and electrochromic properties was conducted. PTr-EDOT exhibited stable dynamic multicolor switching among yellow, green, blue, and violet, maintaining 90 % of its optical contrast after 100 cycles. In contrast, PTr-ProDOT, modified with alkoxy side chains, showed enhanced solubility, a reduced bandgap (1.36 eV), and a low onset oxidation potential (0.16 V). Its porous film morphology enabled rapid redox switching (1.9 s/1.0 s) with a high optical contrast of 29 % and excellent cycling stability (100 % retention after 100 cycles). These results demonstrate a viable design strategy for high-performance ECPs by combining a conjugated planar core with side-chain engineering to balance solubility, charge transport, and ion mobility. This work provides a promising framework for developing multicolor, low-energy, and durable electrochromic materials for advanced optoelectronic applications.

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基于truxene的多位点聚合电致变色聚合物：多色变化，出色的循环稳定性和灵活的器件

本研究以truxene和EDOT衍生物为基础，通过多位点直接芳基化聚合（DArP）合成了两种可溶液加工的电致变色聚合物PTr-EDOT和PTr-ProDOT。对其光学、电化学、形态和电致变色性能进行了全面表征。PTr-EDOT在黄、绿、蓝、紫之间表现出稳定的动态多色切换，100次循环后仍保持90%的光学对比度。相比之下，经烷氧侧链修饰的PTr-ProDOT具有更高的溶解度、更小的带隙（1.36 eV）和更低的氧化电位（0.16 V）。其多孔膜形态实现了快速氧化还原开关（1.9 s/1.0 s），具有29%的高光学对比度和出色的循环稳定性（100次循环后保持100%）。这些结果证明了一种可行的高性能ECPs设计策略，通过结合共轭平面核心和侧链工程来平衡溶解度、电荷输运和离子迁移率。这项工作为开发用于先进光电应用的多色、低能量和耐用的电致变色材料提供了一个有前途的框架。

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来源期刊

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

12.60

自引率

11.60%

发文量

513

审稿时长

47 days

期刊介绍： Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells is intended as a vehicle for the dissemination of research results on materials science and technology related to photovoltaic, photothermal and photoelectrochemical solar energy conversion. Materials science is taken in the broadest possible sense and encompasses physics, chemistry, optics, materials fabrication and analysis for all types of materials.