Metallurgist最新文献

{"title":"Experience in mastering the production of seamless hexagonal tubes from ChS82 steel, including the application of centrifugally cast billets","authors":"D. A. Pumpyansky,&nbsp;E. M. Zaselskiy,&nbsp;Ya. I. Kosmatskiy,&nbsp;N. V. Fokin,&nbsp;A. A. Korsakov,&nbsp;D. N. Lysov","doi":"10.1007/s11015-026-02151-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-026-02151-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We demonstrate the urgency of investigations of the technologies of production of hexagonal cladding tubes made of ChS82 steel (04Cr14Ti3B1V) and used for the storage of spent nuclear fuel assemblies. It is explained by the high resource intensity of the material and its low technological plasticity caused by the elevated contents of boron and titanium. The traditional technology based on the use of ingots obtained by electroslag remelting (ER) with intermediate hot deformation in a pilger mill is characterized by a metal consumption factor (MCF) that can be as high as 3.4, which determines the significance of the development of alternative resource-saving methods and technologies of production. We estimate the efficiency of using centrifugally cast billets (CCB) and the possibility of application of intermediate hot-rolled tubes 288×10 mm in size rolled in a tube-rolling plant (TRP) equipped with continuous mill with an aim to decrease the MCF and simplify the process of production of seamless hexagonal tubes 257×6 mm in size made of ChS82 steel with elevated boron content. We analyze the following three schemes of production based on the use of CCB: direct tube forming, hot extrusion, and pilger rolling. We performed plastometric tests (upsetting, tension, and torsion), metallographic structural analyses, and finite-element simulation carried out with the use of the QForm-3D software. By the numerical-analytic method (NAM) of rate setting, it is possible to show that the scheme based the use of hot extrusion is characterized by a lower MCF than the scheme with pilger rolling and, moreover, the procedure of direct forming of the CCB additionally decreases the value of MCF. Defects were detected near the outer and inner surfaces of the CCB. The results of commercial testing of manufacturing schemes reveal technological difficulties encountered in the process of production carried out with the help of CCB. The expedience and efficiency of application of the production scheme based on the use of continuous mill is demonstrated.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"70 2","pages":"189 - 198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149250450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modern methods for unlocking refractory gold-bearing ores prior to cyanidation: A review","authors":"S. B. Fokina,&nbsp;E. A. Terekhova","doi":"10.1007/s11015-026-02161-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-026-02161-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Refractory gold-bearing ores are technologically complex mineral raw materials due to the fine-grained dispersion of gold within a sulfide matrix, primarily pyrite and arsenopyrite, and the presence of toxic and difficult-to-remove impurities, such as arsenic, antimony, and carbonaceous compounds. These characteristics prevent efficient gold extraction by direct cyanidation without the preliminary oxidation of sulfides. Thus, the preliminary unlocking stage of the sulfide matrix, which ensures gold accessibility for subsequent leaching, is particularly important. This review organizes and analyzes modern technologies for unlocking refractory gold-bearing ores. These technologies include traditional oxidative roasting, bacterial oxidation, and autoclave oxidative leaching, as well as alternative methods such as microwave treatment, chloride leaching, ultrasonic treatment, and ozonation. The review pays special attention to the mechanism of action, technological features, advantages, and limitations of each method. The data presented in the review enable an evaluation of the potential of existing approaches and the identification of promising directions for further developing technologies for unlocking refractory gold-bearing materials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"70 2","pages":"282 - 293"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149250566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stiff vacuum extrusion: a reliable and efficient solution for ferrous metallurgy raw material agglomeration","authors":"L. I. Leontyev,&nbsp;A. M. Bizhanov,&nbsp;S. A. Zagainov","doi":"10.1007/s11015-026-02162-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-026-02162-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This review outlines the key stages in the development and industrial implementation of stiff vacuum extrusion, a technology novel to ferrous metallurgy. It analyzes the distinctive features of extrusion agglomeration and their influence on the metallurgical properties of brexes (extrusion briquettes). The discussion provides a general analysis of the critical results obtained from many years of operating extrusion agglomeration lines within blast furnace and ferroalloy shops. Furthermore, the review demonstrates the effectiveness of using brexes as charge components in direct iron reduction reactors. Finally, it identifies promising directions for the advancement of extrusion agglomeration technology in the context of decarbonization and emission reduction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"70 2","pages":"294 - 307"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149250654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anodic behavior of the tin-alloyed AlFe5Si10 aluminum alloy in NaCl solution","authors":"I. N. Ganiev,&nbsp;U. Sh. Yakubov,&nbsp;I. T. Amonzoda,&nbsp;A. G. Safarov","doi":"10.1007/s11015-026-02160-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-026-02160-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The anodic behavior of the tin-alloyed AlFe5Si10 aluminum alloy in a NaCl solution was investigated using the potentiostatic method under potentiodynamic conditions at a potential sweep rate of 2 mV/s. The free corrosion potential of the AlFe5Si10 aluminum alloy was shown to shift in the positive direction with increasing tin concentration, whereas increasing chloride ion concentration in the electrolyte shifted this potential negatively. Higher tin concentrations in the base alloy increased the corrosion, pitting formation, and repassivation potentials. The corrosion-electrochemical behavior of the AlFe5Si10 aluminum alloy in NaCl solution indicates that alloying with up to 1.0 wt % tin reduces the corrosion rate of the base alloy by 30–40%.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"70 2","pages":"274 - 281"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149250653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive setup of CVC and WRB systems to ensure flatness of cold-rolled strip","authors":"Igor A. Kharlamov,&nbsp;Natalia L. Bolobanova","doi":"10.1007/s11015-026-02156-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-026-02156-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Modern highly automated production lines impose stringent flatness requirements on cold-rolled strip, because even minor deviations can stop robotic processing lines. Existing active flatness-control systems, including CVC and WRB, on cold rolling mills, operate mainly in feedback mode. As a result, they cannot reliably maintain flatness during transient conditions or when processing steel grades difficult for flatness control. The main challenge is the adverse effect of the inherited condition of hot-rolled feedstock.</p><p>This paper presents a three-stage approach to the predictive initial setup of CVC and WRB systems that compensates for this inherited condition before rolling begins and thereby ensures compliance with flatness requirements. In the first stage, a machine-learning model uses the geometric parameters of the feedstock and hot-rolling process data to calculate an integral feedstock quality index <i>X</i>, which quantitatively characterizes the inherited condition of the hot-rolled strip. In the second stage, regression models trained on historical data predict the optimal initial setpoints for the CVC and WRB systems in the critical mill stands. In the third stage, the approach operates in a closed loop that includes industrial rolling with the calculated setpoints, quality monitoring, and model adaptation based on new data.</p><p>The approach was validated in industrial trials on a 2100 four-stand cold rolling mill processing high-ductility IF steel. The trials confirmed the advantage of the predictive method: all strips rolled with the calculated setpoints met the flatness requirements, whereas baseline control produced local flatness deviations in every case.</p><p>The proposed approach is intended for implementation on cold rolling mills producing automotive sheet and other products subject to stringent flatness requirements. The results support stable downstream high-speed processing and help eliminate process upsets on fully automated customer lines. The approach also has potential for adaptation to other steel grades.</p><p>More broadly, the predictive setup framework provides a deterministic link between the feedstock parameters and the calculated CVC and WRB setpoints needed to achieve the required flatness. Its effectiveness was confirmed in industrial trials, which showed that flatness defects were eliminated when the approach was applied. A key advantage is the potential economic benefit without capital investment through lower scrap rates and improved production continuity. The approach thus provides a basis for shifting from reactive to proactive quality control in rolling production.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"70 2","pages":"235 - 243"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149250767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling of microcrack initiation in a copper slag particle for the recovery of mechanically strong components during abrasive waterjet cutting","authors":"G. V. Barsukov,&nbsp;T. A. Zhuravleva,&nbsp;I. N. Kravchenko,&nbsp;Y. A. Kuznetsov,&nbsp;E. A. Prasolov","doi":"10.1007/s11015-026-02163-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-026-02163-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study presents a simulation of the stress-strain state of a spherical brittle copper slag particle upon impact with an obstacle. The conditions governing microcrack initiation in the copper slag particle during fragmentation were determined, with the aim of recovering mechanically robust abrasive components for use in abrasive waterjet cutting. The findings indicate that the fracture of a copper slag particle upon impact occurs in three distinct stages.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"70 2","pages":"308 - 317"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149250777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technological methods aimed at improving the absorption of titanium and ensuring its uniform distribution along the height of a 08-12X18N10T steel ingot","authors":"I. V. Chumanov,&nbsp;A. N. Anikeev,&nbsp;M. A. Matveeva,&nbsp;D. V. Sergeev,&nbsp;V. V. Sedukhin","doi":"10.1007/s11015-026-02153-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-026-02153-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We present the results of research aimed at improving the technology of electroslag remelting (ESR) of 08-12X18H10T-grade steel by increasing the degree of absorption of titanium and guaranteeing its uniform distribution over the height of the ingot.</p><p>The object of our research is the process of electroslag remelting of high-alloy steel with a certain titanium content. We study the effect of flux composition and the parameters of gas phase on the degree of titanium assimilation in the ESR process.</p><p>We performed experimental investigations of the influence of the composition of ANF‑6 flux with TiO₂ additives on the titanium content of molten metal. It is shown that the optimal TiO₂ content of the flux is 15 wt.% and the maximum titanium transition coefficient (K_Ti = 0.85) is attained for this content.</p><p>We have developed a technology of protection of the slag bath with inert gases (argon) based on the use of a special nozzle attached to the mold and aimed at reducing titanium losses. In the case of combined application of the modified flux and argon protection, the titanium transition coefficient reaches its maximum value (K_Ti = 0.96).</p><p>The scientific novelty of the present work is the determination of the optimal parameters of the ESR process aimed at preservation of the maximum amount of titanium in 08-12X18H10T steel. Practical significance of the accumulated results is connected with the development of technological recommendations aimed at improving the quality of high-alloy steels in the process of electroslag remelting.</p><p>The obtained results can be used to improve the production technology of high-quality steels intended for special-purpose products.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"70 2","pages":"209 - 216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149250555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structure and wear resistance of thin coatings of the Cu-Mo system obtained by magnetron sputtering of pressed targets","authors":"M. Yu. Slezko,&nbsp;V. V. Ovchinnikov,&nbsp;M. A. Babuev","doi":"10.1007/s11015-026-02144-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-026-02144-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The results of comprehensive studies on the physicomechanical and tribological properties of VT6 titanium alloy with an applied Cu-Mo antifriction coating are presented. The authors have established the formation patterns of the physicomechanical and tribological properties of the VT6 alloy with a Cu-Mo composite coating obtained by low-temperature plasma-assisted magnetron sputtering. A significant improvement in the properties of VT6 titanium alloy with these coatings has been demonstrated. Increased coating hardness was established while maintaining high adhesion values (bond strength) to the titanium substrate. Comparative tribological tests under dry friction conditions showed that the average friction coefficient decreases by 9.5–9.8 times, while the wear intensity of the surface layer is reduced by two orders of magnitude.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"70 1","pages":"115 - 124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149219460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heat treatment of a cobalt-based alloy produced by selective laser melting","authors":"Dmitriy I. Sukhov,&nbsp;Pavel B. Mazalov,&nbsp;Daniil G. Chubov,&nbsp;Katerina K. Karimova","doi":"10.1007/s11015-026-02157-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-026-02157-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper examines one aspect of the heat treatment of an SLM-fabricated Co–Cr–Ni–W–Ta alloy, namely, the potential replacement of costly hot isostatic pressing, which is the main post-processing treatment for this alloy, with high-temperature homogenizing annealing in a protective atmosphere. We compared the defect levels after these two heat-treatment routes and examined the resulting microstructure and properties. The results indicate that this replacement is promising for Co–Cr–Ni–W–Ta alloy. However, full property data for the alloy after the proposed annealing treatment are still required before this process can be introduced into production.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"70 2","pages":"244 - 250"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149250618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of the integrated processing solutions for carbonaceous gold ores","authors":"A. V. Byvaltsev","doi":"10.1007/s11015-026-02148-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-026-02148-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Processing of carbonaceous gold ores with high preg-robbing activity (PRA) remains one of the most complicated challenges in hydrometallurgy. These ores may actively adsorb dissolved gold, which significantly reduces the efficiency of conventional cyanidation procedures. We focus our attention on the ore taken from a deposit in the Russian Far East, containing 1.2–1.6 g/ton gold and characterized by a high PRA of 87–98% (according to the Irgiredmet method). We performed a series of comprehensive tests, including laboratory, pilot, and semi-commercial tests, carried out with an aim to develop a flexible combined process flowsheet. These studies included the gravity and flotation enrichment with the use of special carbon-suppressing reagents, gravity-flotation recleaning of concentrates, carbon-in-leach (CIL) cyanidation with an addition of diesel fuel, and high-temperature treatment of CIL tailings. The applied set of analytic methods is quite large and includes fire assay, atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), phase and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analyses, infrared (IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses, as well as PRA testing. The developed two-stage gravity enrichment made it possible to get 63.76% gold recovery. The application of additional procedures of flash and conventional flotation increased the level of recovery up to 87.99%; while the procedure of flotation concentrate cleaning reduced PRA from 88.2% down to 62.6–70.6%. In the CIL process, 0.3 kg/ton of diesel fuel additionally suppressed PRA, achieving the level of ∼80% for the operational gold recovery and 82.06% for the total recovery. The procedure of high-temperature treatment of tailings recovered an extra amount of gold (0.7 g/ton), thus raising the overall recovery to 83.17%. The developed flowsheet demonstrates the efficiency of the integrated approach to processing unyielding low-grade preg-robbing ores and gives relatively high levels of gold recovery for low consumption of reagents. Process design criteria were developed for the design of gold-ore-processing plants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"70 1","pages":"159 - 167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149219449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}