Journal of Materials Science最新文献

{"title":"Multifunctional natural rubber films fabricated via spray coating for enhanced energy harvesting and air filtration performance","authors":"Teerayut Prada,&nbsp;Walailak Kaeochana,&nbsp;Viyada Harnchana","doi":"10.1007/s10853-025-10907-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10853-025-10907-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The growing demand for sustainable energy and environmental remediation has led to the development of advanced materials with multifunctional capabilities. In this study, a spray coating process was employed to incorporate activated carbon (AC) nanoparticles onto natural rubber (NR) films, enhancing their performance as triboelectric layers in nanogenerators (TENGs) and as air filter membranes. The AC nanoparticles were dispersed in NR latex, forming a coating solution that modified the NR film surface. The effects of AC loading on the surface morphologies, TENG electrical output, dielectric properties and mechanical strength of the NR composites were investigated. The spray-coated AC-modified NR films (AC-NRF) exhibited improved surface roughness and charge-trapping properties, leading to a remarkable 225% enhancement in TENG output compared to pristine NR films, with a peak power density of 2.25 W m⁻² at an optimal AC concentration of 0.75%. Additionally, the AC-NRF films demonstrated improved mechanical strength and durability, with tensile strength increasing proportionally to AC content. Due to the high surface area and porosity of AC nanoparticles, the composite films were further applied in environmental applications, exhibiting the ability to filter particulate matters (PMs) including PM_2.5 and PM₁₀, as well as to adsorb CO₂ gas. These findings highlight the potential of AC-NRF composites as multifunctional materials for energy harvesting and air purification, offering scalable solutions for sustainable development.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science","volume":"60 18","pages":"7517 - 7534"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144074057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inorganic precipitation synthesis of Sn-doped LiTi2(PO4)3 as an anode material for high-performance aqueous lithium-ion batteries","authors":"Xinyan Deng,&nbsp;Yutong Wang,&nbsp;Jian-An Chen,&nbsp;Long Zhang,&nbsp;Tiantian Cao,&nbsp;Guoyong Huang","doi":"10.1007/s10853-025-10887-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10853-025-10887-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Regarding aqueous lithium-ion batteries, LiTi₂(PO₄)₃ (LTP) emerges as a promising candidate, distinguished by its substantial specific capacity and structural integrity. While the conventional precipitation methods predominantly employ Ti(C₄H₉O)₄ as the titanium source, its inherent deficiencies of hydrolysis, compromised storage stability, and considerable cost have significantly impeded widespread application. In order to solve these problems, this paper introduced Ti(SO₄)₂, a chemically stable inorganic material and crucial industrial intermediate in TiO₂ synthesis, as an economically viable and easily accessible source. Through the development of a novel inorganic precipitation method, this study obtained a homogeneous precursor by in-situ coating LiTi₂(PO₄)₃ anode with tannic acid and in-situ doping. The incorporation of Sn(C₄H₉)₄ through in-situ doping effectively addresses the intrinsic electronic conductivity constraints, with the successful integration of Sn conclusively demonstrated through XPS depth profiling analyses. The resultant Sn-doped LiTi₂(PO₄)₃/C exhibits refined particle size and enhanced electrochemical characteristics, showing excellent multiplicative cycle stability with a capacity retention of about 75.4% over 1000 cycles. Additionally, the investigation with density flooding theory facilitated the construction of an independent gradient model, indicating the role of Sn doping in enhancing the structural stability of LTP. The electronically constructed model significantly reduces the band gap to improve the electronic conductivity, providing a theoretical basis and some commercial prospects for the new aqueous lithium-ion battery anode.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science","volume":"60 18","pages":"7653 - 7666"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144073578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing innovative sputtering approaches to enhance VN coatings with superior mechanical and self-lubricating properties","authors":"Akula Umamaheswara Rao,&nbsp;Sunil Kumar Tiwari,&nbsp;Archana Singh Kharb,&nbsp;Navjot Hothi,&nbsp;Vikas Saxena,&nbsp;Amit Kumar Chawla","doi":"10.1007/s10853-025-10896-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10853-025-10896-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The use of self-lubricating hard coatings has become increasingly popular in sectors such as metalworking, transmission systems, medical implants and spacecraft components because of their effectiveness in reducing friction and wear under high temperatures during dry-cutting processes. Transition metal nitrides that form lubricious Magnéli phase oxides at elevated temperatures have emerged as strong candidates for tribological applications. Among these, VN-based coatings show considerable potential for reducing friction and enhancing wear resistance, driven by their high mechanical strength and good corrosion resistance. Despite extensive research into sputtered VN coatings, a comprehensive review addressing optimized processing parameters for these coatings remains scarce. This review fills this gap by highlighting recent advancements in magnetron-sputtered VN coatings, emphasizing the influence of sputtering process parameters on microstructural, mechanical and tribological properties. Critical insights into optimal sputtering parameters are provided to enhance coating performance and enable advanced applications. The understandings from this review are expected to aid researchers in identifying research gaps and selecting appropriate sputtering parameters tailored to specific applications of VN coatings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science","volume":"60 18","pages":"7429 - 7465"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144074140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atomistic modeling of mesophase pitch-based carbon fiber with realistic structural features and its mechanical response under nanoindentation","authors":"Xinjie Wang,&nbsp;Shidong Pan,&nbsp;Xinzhu Wang,&nbsp;Zhengong Zhou,&nbsp;Chengwei Zhao,&nbsp;Dan Li,&nbsp;Chunyan Luo,&nbsp;Anqi Ju","doi":"10.1007/s10853-025-10870-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10853-025-10870-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The ultra-high graphitization degree and unique crystalline morphology of mesophase pitch (MPP)-based carbon fibers contribute to their pronounced anisotropy. As three-dimensional woven composites evolve, the transverse properties of carbon fibers have garnered increasing attention, in contrast to existing atomistic models for molecular dynamics simulations that predominantly focus on longitudinal characteristics. Therefore, this study employed aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy to characterize MPP-based carbon fiber samples and integrated computer vision technology to construct a realistic atomistic model incorporating a specific scaling factor. The effect of the scaling factor on model accuracy was systematically evaluated by comparing XRD and tensile simulation results with experimental data. Additionally, nanoindentation experiments revealed that elastic deformation predominates when the indenter compresses MPP-based carbon fibers longitudinally, whereas transverse indentation exhibits greater plastic deformation. Indentation simulations elucidated the underlying mechanism: Longitudinal compression primarily induces the bending of graphite sheets without covalent bond breakage, whereas transverse compression leads to more interlayer shearing due to the rupture of van der Waals bonds. Ultimately, the optimal scaling factor was determined to fall within the range of 8–12. The realistic atomistic model developed in this study, which accounts for longitudinal and transverse characteristics, may provide a valuable tool for further investigation into MPP-based carbon fibers’ three-dimensional physical and chemical properties.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science","volume":"60 18","pages":"7535 - 7551"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144073580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Minimization of heat accumulation and shrinkage defects via locally induced forced convection in 316L stainless steel investment casting of vortex flow meters","authors":"Yung-Chun Wang,&nbsp;Chia-Yu Kao,&nbsp;Intan Mardiono,&nbsp;Imang Eko Saputro,&nbsp;Cheng-Fu Huang,&nbsp;Yu-Chen Liu,&nbsp;Sheng-Chan Lee,&nbsp;Chien-Wei Chan,&nbsp;Yiin-Kuen Fuh","doi":"10.1007/s10853-025-10909-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10853-025-10909-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Investment casting is widely used for precision manufacturing of complex parts, such as vortex flow meters (VFM), where shrinkage defects are unavoidable but controllable. X-ray examinations revealed defects in the gating area, with the longest defect measuring 16.7 mm, exceeding the standard upper control limit (UCL) of 10 mm. This study investigated the causes of these defects and proposed solutions to mitigate them. Thermal imaging and finite element method (FEM) simulations identified heat accumulation as the primary cause of shrinkage defects. To address this, we introduced forced convection, which reduced the temperature in the heat accumulation area by up to 550 °C and increased the heat transfer coefficient (HTC) to a maximum of 1930 W/m² K. Temperature-dependent HTC data were incorporated into the simulation software, and the results confirmed that forced convection effectively eliminated hot spots, which was subsequently validated experimentally. This solution also reduced the secondary dendrite arm spacing (SDAS) length from 57.77 ± 1.2 to 38.64 ± 0.82 μm, marking a 33% reduction, thereby enhancing the product’s mechanical properties. In actual production, forced convection reduced defects in the gating area to 0%, with the maximum defect length decreasing from 16.7 to 9.7 mm, demonstrating a significant improvement. While effective, this solution requires manual operation and additional equipment, highlighting the need for future research to develop automated and more sustainable solutions for mass production.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science","volume":"60 18","pages":"7732 - 7753"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144073755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Double crosslinking strategy to achieve high-strength, wide pH range, repeatable adhesion of underwater soybean oil-based polyurethane adhesive for detecting crack expansion in bonded joints","authors":"Linfeng Tian,&nbsp;Li Tan,&nbsp;Rui Yang,&nbsp;Tianchen Zhang,&nbsp;Baozheng Zhao,&nbsp;Fei Song,&nbsp;Zheng Pan,&nbsp;Yonghong Zhou,&nbsp;Meng Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10853-025-10789-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10853-025-10789-7","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Due to increasing economic and environmental constraints, the development of renewable-source polymers as alternatives to conventional petroleum-based polymers has become a critical challenge in materials science. Vegetable oils, particularly soybean oil (SO), have emerged as promising renewable resources owing to their abundance, cost-effectiveness, and ease of chemical modification. In this study, a novel polyurethane was synthesized through the combination of SO, diethanolamine (DEA), dicyclohexylmethane 4,4′-diisocyanate (HMDI), and bis(2-hydroxyethyl) disulfide (HEDS). The incorporation of HEDS as a cross-linking agent facilitated the formation of a cross-linked network structure during the chemical cross-linking pre-polymerization reaction of the polyurethane main chain. The resulting polyurethane adhesive demonstrated remarkable rebonding capability, maintaining good bond strength through up to nine rebonding cycles, and exhibited exceptional shear strength of 7 MPa. Furthermore, the adhesive-coated substrates maintained substantial shear strength after 24-h immersion in various pH solutions, indicating excellent chemical stability. The integration of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with the block copolymer using ultrasonic cell disruption techniques enhanced the material’s electrical conductivity, thereby expanding its potential applications in non-destructive testing of adhesive sizing processes, particularly in aerospace applications. This innovative material offers a supplementary approach to the existing methodologies for detecting adhesive sizing conformance, potentially enhancing quality control in advanced manufacturing processes. The development of this soybean oil-based polyurethane represents a significant advancement in sustainable adhesive technology, offering both environmental benefits and superior mechanical properties compared to traditional petroleum-based adhesives. The incorporation of CNTs not only improves electrical conductivity but also potentially enhances the mechanical strength and thermal stability of the composite material, making it suitable for demanding industrial applications.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The polyurethane adhesive presented in this paper is an adhesive prepared from soybean oil by ammonolysis, esterification and other steps, and heat curing, and the self-repairing and repeat bonding properties of the adhesive are improved by changing the type of chain extender. This bi-dynamic polyurethane adhesive has good water and acid resistance and can be recycled. Shear strength of up to 7 Mpa allows this adhesive to be used in extreme environments for glues, such as humid, acidic and alkaline environments. The carbon nanotube composite adhesive also showed good adhesive and conductive properties, and two methods for testing the conformity of the adhesive sizing process (i.e., non-destructive testing) are presented. In conclusion, this study provides a reference for the development of soybean oil-derived multifunctional adhesive","PeriodicalId":645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science","volume":"60 18","pages":"7771 - 7783"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144073752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of hydrophilic co-electrospinning agents on the structure and morphology of hydrophobic natural zein-based nanofibers","authors":"Na Yang,&nbsp;Zihan Wang,&nbsp;Ze Liu,&nbsp;Huafeng Tian,&nbsp;Dahai Gao,&nbsp;Gaiping Guo,&nbsp;Yuhua Dai","doi":"10.1007/s10853-025-10906-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10853-025-10906-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As a hydrophobic natural protein, zein has attracted extensive attention because of its versatility and excellent biodegradability. However, neat zein exhibits poor spinnability during electrospinning. To fabricate zein-based nanofibers, different hydrophilic co-spinning agents (collagen (Co), gelatin (GE) and polyethylene oxide (PEO)) were incorporated and optimized electrospinning parameter (voltage) for each additive was reported. The relationship between the performance of spinning solution as well as the spinnability and microstructure of zein nanofabrics was analyzed in detail. Co-spinning could improve the spinning ability of zein. The morphology of nanofibers was improved to varying degrees by adjusting the content of co-electrospinning agents and adjusting process parameters. The viscosity, conductivity and the pH value of the spinning solution with different co-spinning agents were analyzed. PEO exhibited a more dramatically effect on improving the spinning ability of zein. The zein-based film had a uniform and complete structure and certain hydrophobicity, and exhibited wide application prospects.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science","volume":"60 18","pages":"7784 - 7796"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10853-025-10906-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144073754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the influence of copper foil current collector roughness on lithium-ion battery performance","authors":"Lei Yang,&nbsp;Xige Lu,&nbsp;Shuiping Zhong,&nbsp;Huanlin Zhu,&nbsp;Wei Weng,&nbsp;Wen Tan,&nbsp;Xiaopeng Chi","doi":"10.1007/s10853-025-10848-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10853-025-10848-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Copper foil roughness is widely regarded as an important factor affecting the performance of lithium-ion batteries, but relevant research still lacks systematic and in-depth analysis. In this paper, 6 μm copper foil is prepared by electrodeposition and compared with purchased 6 μm copper foil. The influence of different roughness on the battery performance is analyzed by the distribution of relaxation time (DRT). The results show that the roughness of homemade copper foil (1.69 μm) is slightly higher than that of purchased copper foil (1.53 μm). The initial charging specific capacity of the homemade copper foil electrode reaches 372.51 mAh g⁻¹, significantly higher than that of the purchased copper foil electrode (323.89 mAh g⁻¹). DRT is used to analyze the electrochemical reaction kinetics of the batteries, it is found that the copper foil with a certain roughness can enhance its binding with the active substance, ensure stable and rapid conductive contact, reduce the side reaction caused by uneven lithiation, and minimize the increase in the impedance of each part during the electrode cycle, thereby ensuring stable battery operation. This study provides new insights into the application of copper foil in batteries and verifies the feasibility of homemade 6 μm copper foil.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science","volume":"60 18","pages":"7641 - 7652"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10853-025-10848-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144073753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative warm rolling plus electromagnetic shock treatment for high-quality M50 bearing ring manufacturing","authors":"Jiajun Zhai,&nbsp;Fei Yin,&nbsp;Yuxuan Yi,&nbsp;Chao Song","doi":"10.1007/s10853-025-10897-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10853-025-10897-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>M50 bearing steel is a high-carbon alloy extensively utilized in the aerospace industry due to its exceptional mechanical properties at elevated temperatures. Its production typically involves cold ring rolling (CRR) at room temperature and hot ring rolling (HRR) at high temperatures. The CRR process offers high precision but is susceptible to microcrack formation, while HRR can effectively eliminate defects but may induce coarse grain structures, reducing material performance. To address these issues, this study proposes a novel warm ring rolling (WRR) process, which integrates the benefits of both CRR and HRR. The aim is to optimize the forming rate while improving the plasticity limit and microstructural integrity of the material. Additionally, the study investigates the hot deformation behavior of M50 bearing steel under various deformation conditions and derives strain-compensated constitutive equations to predict its deformation, failure, and fatigue characteristics during the warm forming process. Temperature-dependent compression tests, along with electromagnetic shock treatment (EST) experiments, were also conducted. Results indicate that increasing the compression temperature reduces void formation, while EST significantly mitigates voids and promotes the dissolution and fragmentation of carbides. Furthermore, under the influence of EST, the average grain size of the WRR specimen notably decreases. The study concludes that the optimal processing temperature for EST–WRR technology is 400 ℃, with a current density of 140 A/mm². This research provides a theoretical foundation for the future processing and performance optimization of M50 bearing steel and validates the efficacy of EST in the WRR process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science","volume":"60 18","pages":"7710 - 7731"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144074049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanosilica-incorporated polyethersulfone-polytetrafluoroethylene dual-layer hollow fibers for direct contact membrane distillation","authors":"Mohammed Faleh Abd Al-Ogaili,&nbsp;Mohammad Rava,&nbsp;Adnan A. A. AbdulRazak,&nbsp;Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman,&nbsp;Mohd Hafiz Puteh,&nbsp;Juhana Jaafar,&nbsp;Mukhlis A. Rahman,&nbsp;Toni Kurniawan,&nbsp;Ojo Samuel,&nbsp;Mohammed Ahmed Shehab,&nbsp;Aniqa Imtiaz,&nbsp;Asmat Ullah Khan,&nbsp;M. H. D. Maher Alrefaai,&nbsp;Adnan Hameed Rasheed","doi":"10.1007/s10853-025-10876-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10853-025-10876-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study advances membrane distillation by innovating a dual-layer hydrophilic-hydrophobic hollow fiber membrane, significantly enhancing vapor transfer and reducing conductive heat loss in direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD). Building on prior research that optimized polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) particle size (0.5 µm) and concentration (6 wt%) in polyethersulfone (PES)-PTFE membranes, this research incorporates silica nanoparticles to achieve super-hydrophobization of the outer layer. Concentrations of 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6 wt% silica nanoparticles were assessed for their impact on the membrane's structure and function, using scanning electron microscopy, liquid entry pressure, water contact angle, and mercury intrusion porosimetry. The most effective configuration was found with 6 wt% PTFE and 0.6 wt% silica nanoparticles, achieving a water flux of 18 kg m²/h and a salt rejection rate of 99.99% at 90 °C in DCMD. This integration of silica nanoparticles significantly enhances membrane hydrophobicity and separation efficiency, marking a novel advancement in membrane technology with practical implications. The performance improvement over varying salt concentrations and extended durations suggests the potential of these silica-enhanced membranes in addressing global desalination challenges, opening avenues for further research in nanoparticle-enhanced water purification methods.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science","volume":"60 18","pages":"7552 - 7576"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144074047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}