{"title":"Direct fabrication of metal–organic frameworks films with hierarchical structures by the modulation of ligand competitors","authors":"Xiaofeng Ding, Jinjie Liu, Xilong Hao, Yuezhong Zhang, Fuqiang Zhao, Dongshi Xu, Xinyuan Wei, Xuan Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10853-026-12828-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10853-026-12828-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hierarchical metal–organic framework (HS-MOF) films have attracted considerable attention due to their enhanced mass transport, larger accessible surface area, and superior performance in catalysis, separation, and sensing compared to conventional dense MOF films. However, the controlled fabrication of such hierarchical MOF films remains challenging. In this work, we present a facile and effective modulator-assisted strategy for the direct fabrication of hierarchical ZIF-8 films on bare Al substrates. By introducing stearic acid as a multifunctional modulator, we successfully orchestrate both the chemical environment and the growth kinetics during ZIF-8 crystallization. Stearic acid is proposed to play a dual role in ZIF-8 crystallization. It could serve as dynamic proton regulator, shifting the deprotonation equilibrium of 2-methylimidazole to control ligand availability and suppress homogeneous nucleation. Simultaneously, it serves as a competitive coordination ligand, forming transient zinc stearate complexes, which can buffer the release of zinc ions and guide the growth of hierarchical structures. This coordinated regulatory mechanism is suggested to not only inhibit the homogeneous crystallization process but also promote the directional heterogeneous growth of the substrate, thereby forming ZIF-8 films with tunable nanopore to micropore scales. Furthermore, the proposed strategy is also applicable to Zn substrate, providing a potential route for designing advanced MOF-based functional coatings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science","volume":"61 23","pages":"16309 - 16326"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147828623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sudharsun Govindarajan, Nishanth Sudarsanan, Akshaya Perumal, Jayachandran Murugeshan, T. Vijayakumar
{"title":"Vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) nanorods for supercapacitor: exploring the electrochemical performance in aqueous KOH and Na2SO4 electrolytes","authors":"Sudharsun Govindarajan, Nishanth Sudarsanan, Akshaya Perumal, Jayachandran Murugeshan, T. Vijayakumar","doi":"10.1007/s10853-026-12816-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10853-026-12816-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Supercapacitors, cutting-edge electrochemical storage devices, remain at the forefront of research because of their enhanced electrochemical characteristics. This study presents the synthesis and characterization of vanadium pentoxide (V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>) nanorods, highlighting their potential as an electrode material for supercapacitor applications. Vanadium pentoxide (V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>) nanorods are synthesized using a straightforward, environmentally friendly, and economical hydrothermal method that is well-suited for inorganic precursors and the creation of metal oxide nanostructures. Structural, morphological, and chemical composition analyses such as XRD, SEM, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, and XPS were used to examine V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> and electrochemical analyses such as CV, GCD, and EIS, were validated in 1 M of aqueous KOH and Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> electrolytes. The outcome from the electrochemical characterization techniques indicates that vanadium pentoxide (V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>) nanorods demonstrate notable characteristics, including faradic and non-faradic behavior in KOH and Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, higher specific capacitance, superior rate performance, and impressive long-term cycling stability. Among the two electrolytes, V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> exhibited the highest specific capacitance of 330.54 F g<sup>−1</sup> at 1 A g<sup>−1</sup> in 1 M KOH electrolyte with a potential window of 0–0.5 V (vs Hg/HgO) under a three-electrode system and excellent cycling stability with a retention of over 88% after 500 cycles. These findings suggest that vanadium pentoxide (V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>) nanorods hold considerable promise as a viable electrode material for supercapacitor applications, thereby aiding in the progress of electrochemical energy storage technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science","volume":"61 23","pages":"16584 - 16597"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147828570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Microstructure evolution, high-temperature wear mechanism, and corrosion resistance of Fe-based laser cladding coatings on H13 steel","authors":"Jiangbin Xu, Pengyu Yang, Guangming Feng, Zhixin Jia, Lijun Liu, Jiangpin Hu, Jiqiang Li","doi":"10.1007/s10853-026-12860-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10853-026-12860-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Laser cladding of Fe-based coatings on H13 steel is a promising strategy to mitigate the severe degradation caused by high-temperature wear and corrosive environments during die-casting service. Although processing parameter optimization has been extensively reported, the correlation among microstructure evolution, high-temperature tribological behavior, and corrosion resistance requires further systematic investigation. Herein, this study investigates the microstructure, high-temperature wear mechanism, and corrosion evolution of Fe-based coatings fabricated on H13 steel. Through parameter optimization, a defect-free coating with a refined microstructure was obtained. High-temperature friction tests suggested the formation of an oxide-rich protective tribolayer on the worn surface of the coating, which was associated with a significantly reduced wear rate compared with the substrate. Moreover, electrochemical tests together with neutral salt spray (NSS) tests demonstrated that the coating exhibits superior corrosion resistance, showing a lower corrosion tendency, higher passive-film stability, and a stable long-term corrosion rate of 0.1 g/m<sup>2</sup> h. The combined electrochemical and morphological evidence indicated that the formation of a dense Cr-rich passive film with good stability and an inferred re-passivation tendency effectively inhibits the intrusion of Cl-. This work provides a comprehensive theoretical basis for extending the service life of die-casting components through surface strengthening.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science","volume":"61 23","pages":"16851 - 16870"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147828531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Gallium doping induces enhanced cyclic stability and rate capacity of lithium-ion battery silicon anode","authors":"Zihao Wang, Fan Wu, Jinhao Shu, Hongcao Shi, Guijia Hu, Xiangshun Yan, Yongshu Wang, Yuan Chen","doi":"10.1007/s10853-026-12839-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10853-026-12839-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Improving the long-term cyclic stability and rate capacity is key to the commercial application of the lithium-ion battery Si anodes. However, the severe volume expansion and low conductivity limit the electrochemical performance. This work reports a gallium (Ga) doping strategy to improve the long-term cyclic stability and rate capacity. Highly crystalline and uniform grain-sized Ga-doped Si nanoparticles are obtained through the molten salt process. It not only shows significantly increased conductivity (resistance reduced by 5.4-fold), but also presents a faster diffusion coefficient. Furthermore, the optimized electrode delivers a high initial discharge capacity of 2715 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> with an initial Coulombic efficiency of 89.12%. Additionally, the anode exhibits excellent rate capability; the high-rate capabilities of 2826 mAh g<sup>−1</sup>, 2169 mAh g<sup>−1</sup>, 1606 mAh g<sup>−1</sup>, 1016 mAh g<sup>−1</sup>, and 404 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> are obtained at the current density of 0.1 A g<sup>−1</sup>, 0.5 A g<sup>−1</sup>, 1 A g<sup>−1</sup>, 2 A g<sup>−1</sup>, and 5 A g<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. Moreover, as the current density is restored to 0.1 A g<sup>−1</sup>, the capacity recovered to 2035 mAh g<sup>−1</sup>, which represents 72% of the initial reversible capacity. This work not only demonstrates that Ga can serve as a promising dopant for enhancing the long-cycle and rate performance of silicon-based anodes, but also underscores the significance of lattice dynamics and electronic structure tuning in the design of high-performance silicon anodes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science","volume":"61 23","pages":"16598 - 16611"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147828571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Junming Zhang, Lixue Wang, Yinghua Hao, Fangwei Ma, Jiafeng Wan
{"title":"Synergistically enhanced photocatalytic activation of peroxymonosulfate by the MoS2/CoMn2O4 heterojunction composite for efficient degradation of ceftriaxone sodium","authors":"Junming Zhang, Lixue Wang, Yinghua Hao, Fangwei Ma, Jiafeng Wan","doi":"10.1007/s10853-026-12837-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10853-026-12837-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The advanced oxidation process based on persulfates is currently one of the most mainstream methods for treating water pollution. If the synthesized catalyst material can efficiently activate persulfates while also synergistically utilizing light irradiation to some extent, it would better meet practical demands. Here, a composite heterojunction of MoS<sub>2</sub>/CoMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> was prepared using a hydrothermal technique of activating PMS to deform ceftriaxone sodium in water. The experimental findings show that the nanosheet-like MoS<sub>2</sub> which forms a bridging structure with CoMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> microspheres was found to greatly improve visible-light harvesting and consequently improve the activation kinetics of the PMS. It was found that the system could degrade to a level of 85% in 5 min, and under optimal reaction conditions, the degradation rate of CTRX can reach below the instrument detection limit in 20 min. The experiments of quenching and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) revealed that the non-traditional radical mode prevalent in the degradation process is the presence of the superoxide radical (•O₂<sup>−</sup>), which is the main active radical. This catalytic system is remarkable because, in addition to the strong synergy between MoS₂ and CoMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, the rapid redox cycling of Co/Mn/Mo species also affords a substantial driving force for the photoassisted catalytic reaction. In addition, the composite is highly stable and reusable, which highlights its prospective to be practically applicable to eliminate the antibiotics contaminations of the water.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science","volume":"61 23","pages":"16327 - 16346"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147828567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mingqian Sheng, Mingjun Zhang, Yong Li, Shuhuan Deng, Ziyang Du, Qinping Qiang, Hengqing Yan, Lingling Peng, Tianchun Lang, Bitao Liu
{"title":"Dual-purpose solution: Bioinspired microstructured flexible polydimethylsiloxane pressure sensor for high-sensitivity detection and environmental adaptability","authors":"Mingqian Sheng, Mingjun Zhang, Yong Li, Shuhuan Deng, Ziyang Du, Qinping Qiang, Hengqing Yan, Lingling Peng, Tianchun Lang, Bitao Liu","doi":"10.1007/s10853-026-12817-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10853-026-12817-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Flexible pressure sensors based on conductive composite films exhibit significant potential for applications in electronic skin, medical monitoring, and motion detection due to their pressure-sensitive electrical conductivity. However, simultaneously achieving high sensitivity and a wide detection range remains a formidable challenge. In this study, we propose a novel approach to fabricate a flexible pressure-sensitive film featuring a bioinspired microdome structure reminiscent of rose petals, utilizing solution blending and spin-coating methods. We hypothesize that this unique microstructural design could enable the sensor to achieve both high sensitivity (e.g., up to 1.475 kPa<sup>−1</sup>) and a broad detection range without compromising its response to various stimuli, including pressure and humidity. Specifically, the microdome architecture is expected to enhance the film’s deformability and hydrophobicity, thereby improving its environmental stability and sensing performance under varying conditions. The structured carbon black (CB) film, incorporating the rose microdome architecture, demonstrates high sensitivity (1.475 kPa<sup>−1</sup>), enduring up to 2160 repeated cycles, a detection limit of 0.4 kPa, and detection range 0.4–40 kPa, which is equivalent to the weight of a single sheet of paper (6 mg), thereby allowing for accurate monitoring of subtle human movements. Furthermore, this multifunctional integrated thin-film sensor shows considerable potential for real-time strain and temperature detection. The developed flexible pressure sensor, composed of adsorbed carbon black (CB@PDMS), holds promising application prospects in wearable smart sensors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science","volume":"61 23","pages":"16469 - 16483"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147828624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tuning electrical transport properties in Fe70Ga30/Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 thin films","authors":"Xiurui Chen, Yemei Han, Lili Guo, Yuming Chen, Haocheng Leng, Kai Hu, Zheng Sun, Fang Wang, Kailiang Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10853-026-12848-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10853-026-12848-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We demonstrate the tunability of electrical transport properties in Fe<sub>70</sub>Ga<sub>30</sub>/Hf<sub>0.5</sub>Zr<sub>0.5</sub>O<sub>2</sub> thin films via both bias voltage and magnetic field. The current–voltage (I–V) characteristics are modulated by applying a bias voltage across the heterojunction thickness, yielding various resistive states. A 5 V bias voltage induces a maximum resistance change of 90% at a scan voltage of 0.9 V, and the device can be switched between high- and low-resistance states for over 100 cycles with a retention time of up to 1.2 × 10<sup>4</sup> s. Finite element simulations of the non-uniform volumetric strain distribution under applied voltages elucidate the strain coupling effects in the heterojunctions, while experimentally observed oxidation of Fe and Ga reveals the presence of interfacial charge modulation that modifies the transport properties. Based on these findings, we attribute the bias-voltage-modulated transport properties to strain- and charge-co-mediated magnetoelectric effects. Moreover, the I-V behavior is modulated by an external magnetic field through the combined effects of magnetoresistance and interfacial charge effects. We anticipate that this work will inspire research on low-power, high-density thin-film memory devices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science","volume":"61 23","pages":"16498 - 16509"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147828626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hongliang Liu, Guowei Wang, Lan Liu, Yu Shen, Minqing Wang, Boning Zhang, Lei Zheng
{"title":"Microstructural stability enhancement in Pt-modified 718Plus superalloy through coarsening and morphology control of γ′ precipitates","authors":"Hongliang Liu, Guowei Wang, Lan Liu, Yu Shen, Minqing Wang, Boning Zhang, Lei Zheng","doi":"10.1007/s10853-026-12815-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10853-026-12815-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The 1.5 wt% platinum (Pt) addition on the microstructural stability and γ′ precipitate evolution in the 718Plus superalloy was revealed in this study. Utilizing scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atom probe tomography (APT), it is demonstrated that Pt strongly partitions into the γ′ precipitates with a coefficient of 3.82. This enrichment kinetically suppresses the diffusion of γ′-forming elements, notably Nb, leading to a higher coarsening activation energy and a reduction in the coarsening rate of γ′ precipitates. Furthermore, the co-segregation of Pt and Nb at the γ/γ′ interface increases the lattice misfit, which thermodynamically drives an earlier morphological transition of the γ′ precipitates from spheroidal to cuboidal at a smaller particle size. The results conclusively show that Pt changes microstructural stability through dual mechanisms: impeding coarsening kinetics and modulating interfacial strain to guide microstructural evolution.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science","volume":"61 23","pages":"16573 - 16583"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147828565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Void formation mechanisms in the spallation process of copper under different dynamic loading conditions","authors":"Jianian Hu, Shi Fang, Haotian Zhang, Jiajin Li","doi":"10.1007/s10853-026-12768-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10853-026-12768-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study elucidates the strain rate-dependent mechanisms of void nucleation and growth in single-crystal copper subjected to shock and quasi-isentropic loading, using integrated molecular dynamics simulations and SEM characterization. Cross sectional analyses reveal that shock loading produces irregular voids confined to narrow damage bands (~ 100 μm) via explosive dislocation avalanches, whereas quasi-isentropic loading activates limited slip systems, promoting crystallographically faceted rhombohedral voids within expanded damage zones (~ 320 μm). A transition from dislocation-mediated plasticity to diffusion-assisted growth is identified, with quasi-isentropic loading yielding ~ 40% larger voids due to the prolonged tensile duration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science","volume":"61 23","pages":"16705 - 16714"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147828560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimization of temperature stability and dielectric properties of Ca2+ doped BaTiO3-based ceramics prepared by flash sintering","authors":"Xin Li, Sikai Zhou, Qi Zhang, Lingyun Wu, Jiangyi Lv, Zhuo Wang","doi":"10.1007/s10853-026-12830-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10853-026-12830-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the context of the rapid development of the electronics industry, ceramic capacitors with a wide temperature range and high stability are highly desirable. In this paper, we propose a synergistic optimization strategy to enhance the temperature stability of CaCO<sub>3</sub>-doped BaTiO<sub>3</sub>–0.01MgO–0.01Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>–0.005Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (abbreviated to BTMNB-<i>x</i>CaCO<sub>3</sub>) ceramics by flash sintering at a furnace temperature of about 1050 °C via combining an electric field of 150 V/mm and a current density of 20 mA/mm<sup>2</sup> in 60 s. The XRD and Raman results indicate that Ca<sup>2+</sup> is chosen as an acceptor ion effectively replacing Ti<sup>4+</sup> within BTMNB-<i>x</i>CaCO<sub>3</sub> when <i>x</i> is over 0.03. It is further confirmed by XPS analysis, the content of Ti<sup>3+</sup> first increases and then decreases with the increase of <i>x</i>, and achieve a maximum when <i>x</i> = 0.03. Meanwhile, Mg<sup>2+</sup>and Bi<sup>3+</sup>, Nb<sup>5+</sup>are acceptor ∙nd donor ions, specific defects such as <span>([{text{Bi}}_{{{text{Ba}}}}^{ cdot } - {text{Ca}}_{{{text{Ti}}}}^{prime prime } - {text{Bi}}_{{{text{Ba}}}}^{ cdot } ]^{ times })</span>, <span>([{text{Nb}}_{{{text{Ti}}}}^{ cdot } - {text{Ca}}_{{{text{Ti}}}}^{prime prime} - {text{Nb}}_{{{text{Ti}}}}^{ cdot } ]^{ times })</span>, <span>([{text{Mg}}_{{{text{Ti}}}}^{prime prime} - {text{V}}_{{text{O}}}^{ cdot cdot } ]^{ times })</span> and <span>([{text{Ca}}_{{{text{Ti}}}}^{prime prime} - {text{V}}_{{text{O}}}^{ cdot cdot } ]^{ times })</span>can be formed, and the concentration and distribution of electric charge carriers can be effectively modulated, optimizing the polarization mechanism, enhancing dielectric constant and reducing losses. The Curie temperature shifts to a lower temperature due to Ca<sup>2+</sup> substitutes the B-site resulting in excellent temperature stability. The BTMNB-0.03CaCO<sub>3</sub> ceramics exhibit a room-temperature dielectric constant of 1913, a dielectric loss of 0.025, and good temperature stability (<i>Δε</i><sub>r</sub>/<i>ε</i><sub>25</sub> ≤ ± 15%, over the temperature range from − 88 to 170 °C). This work presents a sustainable strategy for optimizing the dielectric performance of lead-free ceramics over a wide temperature range through the strategic manipulation of defects. Furthermore, it confirms that flash sintering is a practical and cost-effective approach for the low-cost and sustainable development of the ceramic manufacturing industry.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science","volume":"61 23","pages":"16295 - 16308"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147828622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}