Journal of Materials Science最新文献

{"title":"Computational precision control of electrospun polymer nanofiber morphology using machine learning and genetic algorithm optimization","authors":"Balakrishnan Subeshan,&nbsp;Eylem Asmatulu","doi":"10.1007/s10853-026-12821-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10853-026-12821-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Electrospinning offers exceptional flexibility in fabricating nanofibers, yet achieving precise control over fiber diameter, which is crucial for tailoring material properties, remains a challenge due to the complex and nonlinear interactions among various process parameters. This study presents a literature-derived, multi-material predictive-optimization strategy for the computational control of electrospun fiber diameter. A dataset containing 3000 data points was collected from published scientific research articles on electrospinning, covering a wide range of polymers, solvents, and process parameters, and was used to develop predictive machine learning (ML) models for fiber diameter prediction. Among the developed models, the extreme gradient boosting (XGB) model performed best, achieving a coefficient of determination (<i>R</i>²) value of 0.94 and delivering low prediction errors (root mean square error [RMSE]: 275.02 nm, mean absolute error [MAE]: 75.40 nm) on the unseen data. Experimental validation using polystyrene (PS) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) nanofibers showed close alignment between predicted and measured fiber diameters, supporting the practical reliability of the predictive model under real electrospinning conditions. To move beyond forward prediction, the trained XGB model was integrated with a genetic algorithm (GA) to enable surrogate-based inverse design of electrospinning parameters for user-defined target fiber diameters. The GA identified parameter combinations corresponding to target diameters between 100 nm and 4000 nm with low surrogate-model fitness errors. For target diameters of 400 nm and 600 nm, the GA achieved fitness errors of 0.03 nm and 0.35 nm, respectively. Furthermore, the integrated XGB-GA approach yielded a perfect linear correlation (<i>R</i>² = 1.00) between the target fiber diameters and the predicted fiber diameters within the GA-optimized subset, demonstrating the effectiveness of the optimization strategy for precise diameter control across various electrospinning conditions. Overall, this study provides a data-driven approach for predicting fiber diameter and guiding electrospinning parameter selection while reducing dependence on trial-and-error experimentation within the material systems represented in the dataset.</p>","PeriodicalId":645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science","volume":"61 23","pages":"16424 - 16468"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10853-026-12821-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147828544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Catalytic oxidation of chlorobenzene over ruthenium-loaded VMoTi catalyst","authors":"Mengjie He,&nbsp;Zunzhu Xu,&nbsp;Weiwei Zou,&nbsp;Ran Wang,&nbsp;Xiaoxian Jin,&nbsp;Xin Jin,&nbsp;Jiwen Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10853-026-12813-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10853-026-12813-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Designing efficient catalysts is important for controlling the pollution of chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs). In this work, chlorobenzene (CB) was selected as the target pollutant. A novel (RuO₂)_<i>x</i>-V₂O₅-MoO₃/TiO₂(denoted as Ru_<i>x</i>-VMoTi, <i>x</i> = 1, 2, 3) catalyst was successfully synthesized by loading different contents of Ru onto V₂O₅-MoO₃/TiO₂ (denoted as VMoTi) via the impregnation method. Activity tests showed that Ru loading significantly enhanced the catalytic performance. Among these, Ru₂-VMoTi exhibited the best performance, with its T₉₀ dropping to 250 °C, CO₂ yield reaching 75% at 325 °C, and demonstrating good stability. A series of characterizations was performed on the catalyst. The results showed that the lattice defects induced by Ru loading promote increased formation of oxygen vacancies (O_v). Ru loading also increased the number of acidic sites and the low-temperature redox activity of the catalyst, thus enhancing the performance of CB catalytic oxidation. The catalytic oxidation pathway of CB and the promoting mechanism of Ru were further analyzed by in situ DRIFTS and GC–MS. This study provides new insights for designing efficient and stable catalysts for CVOCs through the metal synergistic strategy.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science","volume":"61 23","pages":"16385 - 16400"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147828595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thin-gauge Ti/steel composite plates prepared by laser-assisted roll bonding process","authors":"Ziyi Xu,&nbsp;Jie Chen,&nbsp;Xiaonan Wang,&nbsp;Siwei Du,&nbsp;Zhenxing Li","doi":"10.1007/s10853-026-12822-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10853-026-12822-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigated the morphology characteristics and strengthening mechanisms of Ti/steel composite plates manufactured via laser-assisted roll bonding process. The Ti/steel composite plate exhibited a defect-free surface without periodic indentations and achieved metallurgical bonding without interfacial oxidation, even in the absence of a protective atmosphere. Microstructural characterization revealed a dual-gradient architecture on both sides: The steel side featured a gradient transition from lath martensite to ferrite and pearlite with refined grain sizes (~ 2.42 μm to ~ 1.5 μm), while the Ti side consisted entirely of <i>α</i>-Ti with a basal texture, a secondary {10-11} &lt; -23-13 &gt; pyramidal component, and a gradient grain structure (~ 0.80 μm to ~ 0.65 μm). Meanwhile, the interface formed a ~ 1-μm-thick reaction layer exclusively composed of TiC, with no detectable Fe-Ti compounds, due to thermodynamic and kinetic constraints and TiC’s role as a diffusion barrier. The interfacial bonding strength of Ti/steel composite plates is ~ 154 MPa due to the defect-free interface, confined diffusion layer and intermittent TiC distribution. Furthermore, the superior tensile strength of ~ 728 MPa is obtained by the synergistic effects of raw materials with relatively higher strength and the laser-assisted roll bonding process that induces grain refinement and a dual-gradient structure, facilitating geometrically necessary dislocation accumulation and hetero-deformation-induced strengthening. Therefore, the laser-assisted roll bonding process is a promising way to produce the thin-gauge laminate composite plates composing of heterogeneous metals with significant strength differences.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science","volume":"61 23","pages":"16779 - 16794"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147828573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: A phosphorus–silicon synergistic strategy for polyurethane: constructing ceramicized hybrid char for enhanced flame retardancy","authors":"Jiaqi Liu,&nbsp;Mingdong Yu,&nbsp;Changmei Liao,&nbsp;Wenqian Sang,&nbsp;Changzeng Wang,&nbsp;Siyu Liu,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Yao,&nbsp;Dongzhi Wang","doi":"10.1007/s10853-026-12846-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10853-026-12846-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science","volume":"61 23","pages":"16890 - 16890"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147828555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced photovoltaic response in Ca-doped BiFeO3 multilayer thin films induced by compositional gradients","authors":"Weihao Wu,&nbsp;Shubao Yang,&nbsp;Jianghai Wang,&nbsp;Wenchuan Li,&nbsp;Rongli Gao,&nbsp;Xiaoling Deng,&nbsp;Wei Cai,&nbsp;Chunlin Fu","doi":"10.1007/s10853-026-12825-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10853-026-12825-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bi_1−<i>x</i>Ca_<i>x</i>FeO₃ (BCFO) single-layer and multilayer thin films were fabricated to investigate the effects of Ca doping and stacking architecture on photovoltaic (PV) performance. The optimal BCFO-20 (<i>x</i> = 0.2) single-layer film exhibits an open-circuit voltage (<i>V</i>_oc) of 0.768 V and a short-circuit current density (<i>J</i>_sc) of 192.943 μA cm⁻², compared with 0.647 V and 40.862 μA cm⁻² for undoped bismuth ferrite (BiFeO₃, BFO), corresponding to an increase of 0.121 V in <i>V</i>_oc and an approximately 4.7-fold enhancement in <i>J</i>_sc. Further enhancement is achieved in compositional-gradient multilayer structures, where the BCFO-T4 stack delivers a <i>J</i>_sc of 278.002 Μa cm⁻², nearly 6.8 times that of the BFO film, together with the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) among all devices investigated in this work. The enhanced PV performance is likely related to the compositional-gradient multilayer design, which may improve the internal electrical environment and facilitate photogenerated carrier separation and transport. These results suggest that compositional-gradient multilayer design is a promising strategy for enhancing the photovoltaic response of oxide-based thin films.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science","volume":"61 23","pages":"16484 - 16497"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147828625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flexible and multifunctional graphene-rare earth functionalized cotton fabric for advanced electromagnetic interference shielding","authors":"Revathi Manogaran,&nbsp;Malathi Murugesan","doi":"10.1007/s10853-026-12781-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10853-026-12781-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The increasing miniaturization of wearable electronics and the concomitant demand for electromagnetic interference shielding have necessitated the development of textile-based composites with superior conductivity, flexibility, and multifunctionality. In the present work, a gadolinium orthoferrite/graphene/polydimethylsiloxane/cotton composite is fabricated via a facile dip-coating strategy, enabling uniform surface modification of the cotton substrate while retaining its intrinsic lightweight and porous architecture. Comprehensive characterization using XRD, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, FESEM, and EDX confirms the material’s structural integrity, chemical composition, and well-distributed filler network. The engineered fabric exhibits exceptional electromagnetic interference shielding performance, delivering a high shielding effectiveness of 38.98 dB in the X-band at a minimal thickness of 0.31 mm, primarily governed by an absorption-driven mechanism. CST-based simulations show strong agreement with experimental results, validating the design strategy and predictive accuracy. The composite further delivers an enhanced electrical conductivity of 7.5 S/m, reflecting efficient charge carrier transport and a well-connected conductive framework. Mechanical evaluations highlight excellent flexibility, durability, and stable performance under repeated deformation. Additionally, multifunctionality assessments reveal superior hydrophobicity, breathability, and environmental resilience, maintaining the inherent lightweight and comfort of the cotton. These collective attributes underscore the fabric’s potential as a next-generation material for flexible, wearable, and sustainable EMI shielding applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science","volume":"61 23","pages":"16363 - 16384"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147828568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication of ZrB2 anti-oxidation coating on carbon/carbon composite surface by molten salt electrophoretic deposition","authors":"Yong Yuan,&nbsp;Wenjuan Qi,&nbsp;Junjie Xu,&nbsp;Chuntao Ge,&nbsp;Weiliang Jin,&nbsp;Jun Zhang,&nbsp;Saijun Xiao","doi":"10.1007/s10853-026-12843-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10853-026-12843-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To address the high-temperature oxidation of carbon/carbon (C/C) composites, this study employed a novel molten salt electrophoretic deposition (MS-EPD) technique to fabricate a zirconium diboride (ZrB₂) anti-oxidation coating. Using ZrB₂ nanoparticles synthesized in situ in molten salt as a precursor, a uniform and dense coating with a thickness of approximately 50 μm and good adhesion to the substrate was obtained at an optimized deposition voltage of 1.0 V. The coating exhibited excellent mechanical properties, with its nano-hardness and elastic modulus reaching as high as 35.8 and 510 GPa, respectively, and a critical adhesion load with the substrate of 10.8 N. This technique demonstrated high efficiency, with an average deposition rate of up to 0.865 μm/min. High-temperature oxidation tests revealed that the coating forms a ZrO₂–B₂O₃ composite oxide layer above 973 K, effectively blocking oxygen ingress. The coating continued to provide effective protection for the substrate after isothermal oxidation at 1173 K in an air atmosphere for 5 h. This research confirms that MS-EPD is an efficient, feasible, and promising technique for preparing high-performance anti-oxidation coatings on C/C composites.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science","volume":"61 23","pages":"16347 - 16362"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147828527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of thermal cycling and room-temperature ageing on bismuth precipitates in Sn-Ag-Cu-Bi solder joints","authors":"C. L. Hsieh,&nbsp;R. J. Coyle,&nbsp;J. W. Xian,&nbsp;C. M. Gourlay","doi":"10.1007/s10853-026-12718-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10853-026-12718-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The long-term stability of Bi-strengthened Sn–Ag–Cu solders is an important but insufficiently understood factor for the reliability of stored electronic assemblies. In this study, (Bi) precipitates in Sn-2.25Ag-0.5Cu-6Bi (wt.%) solder joints were examined in two ball grid array (BGA) packages after long-term (&gt; 6 years) room-temperature ageing following reflow soldering and after harsh thermal cycling between − 55 and 125 °C. Significant differences are observed between bulk and surface (Bi) precipitates in their distribution, morphology, crystallographic orientation relationships (ORs) with <i>β</i>-Sn, and the formation of interfaces and ORs with Cu₆Sn₅. Three distinct ORs between (Bi) and <i>β</i>-Sn are identified, each with eight crystallographic variants in good agreement with calculated variants. The precipitates are plate-shaped, with the largest habit planes corresponding to the most coherent interfaces (<span>({{100}}_{beta text{Sn}}parallel {{01bar{1}2} }_{left(text{Bi}right)})</span> for OR1; <span>({{011}}_{beta text{Sn}}parallel {{01bar{1}2} }_{left(text{Bi}right)})</span> for OR2), resulting in multiple precipitate alignments within the matrix. Notably, OR2 is preferentially observed for bulk precipitates. Two additional ORs are identified between (Bi) and Cu₆Sn₅. After prolonged room-temperature storage, however, the bulk (Bi) precipitates become coarsened and widely spaced (&gt; 1 μm in size and &gt; 9 μm spacing), and (Bi) is observed to accumulate adjacent to Cu₆Sn₅ and Ag₃Sn particles. These observations indicate over-ageing and significant microstructural evolution even at room temperature, suggesting a potential long-term reliability concern for Bi-strengthened solder joints in stored electronics.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science","volume":"61 23","pages":"16674 - 16704"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10853-026-12718-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147828534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review: 3D printing techniques, materials and applications in zinc-air and zinc-ion batteries","authors":"Aamir Shehzad,&nbsp;Wang Yanen,&nbsp;Ghulam Hassan Askari,&nbsp;Ray Tahir Mushtaq,&nbsp;Maimoona Afzal,&nbsp;Sidra Aslam,&nbsp;Nasar Ali","doi":"10.1007/s10853-026-12794-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10853-026-12794-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This review provides a critical and up-to-date assessment of additive manufacturing for zinc-based energy storage, with particular focus on zinc-air and aqueous zinc-ion batteries. The review examines how the leading AM routes, namely DIW, FDM and SLS, address major limitations of conventional battery fabrication, including limited architectural control, weak high-rate performance, short cycling life and difficulties in scalable production. Printable filaments, inks and materials reported for air cathodes, zinc anodes, current collectors, separators and functional interlayers are reviewed, covering carbon frameworks, metal oxides, polymeric binders, solid electrolytes and emerging conductive additives such as MXenes and graphene derivatives. By linking printing parameters and post-processing steps to microstructure, conductivity and wetting behavior, the review clarifies how designed porosity and tortuosity improve oxygen transport in ZABs and ion/electron pathways in ZIBs. Comparative findings indicate that DIW offers the strongest electrode performance, with FeVO/rHGO cathodes reaching 344.8 mAh g⁻¹ and 7.04 mAh cm⁻², while SLS provides stable zinc-anode architectures for up to 420 h at 7.5 mA cm⁻². Overall, DIW appears most promising for high-performance electrodes, SLS for robust porous metallic structures and FDM for low-cost structural battery components.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science","volume":"61 23","pages":"16231 - 16273"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147828542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Practical applications of the octahedral model theory for porous materials: characterizing the specific surface area of metal foams","authors":"P. S. Liu,&nbsp;P. Y. Yan","doi":"10.1007/s10853-026-12617-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10853-026-12617-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As an important parameter of metal foams, the specific surface area could be often difficult to measure in practice. In order to evaluate this parameter, a mathematical relation has been derived from the octahedral model to calculate the specific surface area of porous materials. More investigations are now carried out further on a series of diversified metal foam products. This paper looks into a quite representative number of metal foam products with different material species and various structures and develops a series of practical applications to verify the present modeling relation. The research results show that the relation can be well appropriate for the calculation of all these porous products, with the average calculating deviation within 3%, mostly around 1%. This indicates this characterization well reflects the relationship between the specific surface area and the porosity for metal foams and can be good at practically calculating the specific surface area.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science","volume":"61 23","pages":"16656 - 16673"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147828559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}