Particuology最新文献

{"title":"Probing the fine structures of low atomic number catalysts by using electron energy loss spectroscopy","authors":"Junnan Chen ,&nbsp;Ming Lu ,&nbsp;Qinhua Gu ,&nbsp;Bingsen Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.01.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.01.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Low atomic number catalysts have gained widespread application in areas such as environmental management, catalytic reactions, and energy transformation, thanks to their cost-effectiveness and superior chemical stability. An in-depth exploration of the intricate structures of these catalysts, establishing their structure-activity relationships, and revealing their catalysis mechanisms are fundamental for developing novel and efficient catalysts. Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), a pivotal electron microscopy technique, uniquely excels in dissecting the fine structures of low atomic number catalysts, since its high spatial resolution and acute sensitivity to elements with low atomic numbers. This review summarizes the role of EELS in probing the fine structures of low-Z catalysts, encompassing the technological underpinnings, advantages, and specific use cases in catalyst analysis. EELS can pinpoint the location, chemical surroundings, and electronic attributes of low-Z elements in catalysts, thus offering crucial insights for demystifying catalytic mechanisms and formulating innovative catalysts. Furthermore, this review delves into the potential advancements of EELS technology in the detailed structural study of low atomic number catalysts, hinting at a promising future for this research field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":401,"journal":{"name":"Particuology","volume":"98 ","pages":"Pages 154-171"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143464847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recoater design for a helical motion binder jet additive manufacturing 3D printer","authors":"Tarek Mesto,&nbsp;Tugdual Le Néel,&nbsp;Jean-Yves Hascoët","doi":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.01.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.01.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Binder jet additive manufacturing is used for producing molds and cores for sand casting, by using granular material and proper binder. The conventional system uses a layer-by-layer gantry motion. The new continuous printing machine is a helical motion system. It includes a recoating blade for the granular material which has been investigated. This study focuses on analysing the behaviour of the recoating blade when it moves in a circular or the helical motion, as well as assessing the quality of the layer surface. Discrete Element Method (DEM) simulations was conducted using various blade geometry, and the results were compared with experimental models. The input parameters of the sand material were calibrated using a reverse calibration model, which iteratively adjusts the parameter values until they match the bulk response observed in real experiments. This research study employed experimental testing and DEM modeling, initially using a normal blade to produce an annular disc, and then optimizing the blade shape to achieve full disc printing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":401,"journal":{"name":"Particuology","volume":"98 ","pages":"Pages 142-153"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143464846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Controlling fragment size distribution for modelling the breakage of multi-sphere particles","authors":"Chao Zhang ,&nbsp;Connor O'Shaughnessy ,&nbsp;Sadaf Maramizonouz ,&nbsp;Vasileios Angelidakis ,&nbsp;Sadegh Nadimi","doi":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.01.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.01.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Voro-Pack, an open-source code is introduced to reconstruct real particles into multi-sphere clusters consisting of fragments with controlled size distributions, enabling experiment-informed fragment size distributions (FSD). Two types of silica sand are employed to evaluate the performance of the code, where FSD data are obtained through laser diffraction and sieving, and particle shape information is obtained through micro computed tomography. The results show that the particle sizes and shapes of the multi-sphere clusters generated by the code are in good agreement with those of real particles. It is found that the fragment sizes in the multi-sphere clusters aligned more closely with the real FSD data when laser diffraction data were used as input, compared to sieving. The volume ratio of the multi-sphere clusters to the actual particles is a key factor influencing the size distribution of fragments, with better matching to the actual FSD data when the volume ratio exceeds 0.5 and approaches 1.0. Additionally, the particle shape characteristics do not significantly affect the FSD data in the code-generated clusters. These findings suggest that the Voro-Pack code is an effective tool in reconstructing multi-sphere clusters for particles of various morphologies, providing valuable insights into modelling the breakage of granular materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":401,"journal":{"name":"Particuology","volume":"98 ","pages":"Pages 105-116"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143437440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of drying process of non-spherical particle in a pulsed fluidized bed","authors":"Hanyu Jin ,&nbsp;Shuai Wang ,&nbsp;Yurong He","doi":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.01.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.01.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gas pulsation is an efficient enhancing way for fluidized bed drying process. In this work, the influence of gas pulsation on mass and heat transfer performance in a fluidized bed with non-spherical wet particles is numerically investigated via the computational fluid dynamics−discrete element method (CFD-DEM) approach, where the liquid transfer between particles and the heat transfer by liquid bridge are considered. The aspect ratio effect of non-spherical particle on drying process is revealed. It is found that the increase of aspect ratio can weaken the overall drying quality. The influence of gas pulsation on the drying of non-spherical particle is analyzed. The results reveal that adjusting a suitable gas pulsation mode can efficiently regulate the drying process of non-spherical wet particles with greater aspect ratios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":401,"journal":{"name":"Particuology","volume":"98 ","pages":"Pages 134-141"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143437400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response surface method-based multi-objective optimization of auxiliary air intake in the ash transport tube","authors":"Lidong Zhang ,&nbsp;Changpeng Song ,&nbsp;Shoushang Fang ,&nbsp;Yuze Zhao ,&nbsp;Guohao Li ,&nbsp;Qing Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.01.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.01.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Computational particle fluid dynamics (CPFD) approach is used to simulate a horizontal tube with an extra air intake. To determine the optimal values for the two objectives, a one-factor hill-climbing test is performed on three structural parameters of the auxiliary air intake (intake velocity, intake angle, and distance between two neighboring valves) and two objective values (operating time and power consumption coefficient). In this paper, a multi-objective optimization of the three structural parameters has been carried out using the response surface methodology and designing a multi-group central test. It was discovered that when the main air intake speed was 3 m/s, adding an auxiliary air intake with an intake speed of 5 m/s, an intake angle of 45°, and a distance of 1900 mm between the two adjoining valves improved particle evacuation. When compared to the situation with a main air intake speed of 5 m/s and no auxiliary air intake, the working time is reduced by 4.97%, and the power consumption coefficient is reduced by 33.51%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":401,"journal":{"name":"Particuology","volume":"98 ","pages":"Pages 117-133"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143437441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction and validation of parameters of multi-axis soil remediation equipment based on machine learning algorithms","authors":"Zhipeng Wang ,&nbsp;Yuhang Jiang ,&nbsp;Yaonan Zhu ,&nbsp;Feng Ma ,&nbsp;Youzhao Wang ,&nbsp;Chaoyue Zhao ,&nbsp;Xu Li ,&nbsp;Tong Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.01.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.01.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To facilitate the recycling of polluted soils, the development of innovative multi-axial soil remediation machinery is essential for achieving a uniform blend of soil with remediation chemicals. The mean level of the steepest climb test was set using the mean level derived from the orthogonal test, and then the range of optimum values was determined based on the results of the steepest climb test, and the upper and lower bound intervals of the response surface test were set accordingly. The most optimal model is identified by applying machine learning algorithms to the response surface data. The results show that the Decision Tree model outperforms Random Forest, SVR, KNN and XG Boost in terms of accuracy and stability in predicting dual indicators. Analysis of the decision tree model yields the following optimal parameter settings: homogenisation time of 1.7 s, homogenisation spacing of 181 mm, crusher spacing of 156 mm, and speed of 113 rpm. In the final test prototype, the error rates of the machine learning prediction models were 3.01% and 3.88% respectively. The experimental data confirms that the prediction accuracy reaches a satisfactory level after applying machine learning to optimise the parameters. This study will provide a reference for the design and optimisation of new in situ multi-axial soil remediation devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":401,"journal":{"name":"Particuology","volume":"98 ","pages":"Pages 41-55"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143395432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal decomposition mechanism and particle size regulation in calcination of barium titanyl oxalate tetrahydrate for fabricating barium titanate nanoparticles","authors":"Yunfei Yan ,&nbsp;Haixia Zhang ,&nbsp;Junrong Yue ,&nbsp;Yu Guan ,&nbsp;Lei Shao","doi":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.01.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.01.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Barium titanate (BaTiO₃) is an important ferroelectric and electronic ceramic material because of its outstanding dielectric and ferroelectric properties. The demand for BaTiO₃ nanoparticles with adjustable particle size has increased extensively due to the miniaturization of electronic devices. The oxalate precipitation method is regarded as a highly attractive technology for fabricating BaTiO₃ nanoparticles, as it enables large-scale production at a low cost. However, the calcination process is a crucial step that significantly influences the particle size and morphology of the obtained BaTiO₃ nanoparticles. This study investigates the thermal decomposition mechanism and particle size regulation strategies during the calcination of barium titanyl oxalate tetrahydrate (BTOT) for fabricating BaTiO₃ nanoparticles. The Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) model is used to calculate the kinetic parameters of BTOT thermal decomposition process, and the results indicate that the decomposition process can be divided as four stages, with the average activation energy of 60.77, 269.89, 484.72, and 199.82 kJ/mol, respectively. The average activation energy reaches its maximum value in the third stage, indicating that the thermal decomposition reaction in this stage is more challenging to occur compared to the other stages. The gas release behaviors of H₂O, CO, and CO₂ are analyzed on-line during the thermal decomposition of BTOT, and the overall reaction mechanism is proposed. Additionally, by adjusting the calcination parameters, the particle size of BaTiO₃ could be effectively regulated within the range of 25–120 nm. Increasing the heating rate from 10 to 40 K/min decreases the average particle size of BaTiO₃ from 62 to 44 nm. Extending the calcination time from 0 to 120 min increases the average particle size from 25 to 71 nm. Raising the terminal temperature from 1173 to 1273 K significantly increases the average particle size from 56 to 120 nm. Briefly, accelerating the heating rate, reducing the calcination time, and lowering the calcination temperature facilitate the fabrication of BaTiO₃ with a smaller particle size and more uniform morphology. This study offers a robust theoretical framework and technical guidance for optimizing the process conditions for fabricating BaTiO₃ nanoparticles via controlled thermal decomposition of BTOT, while also contributing to the advancement of related technological fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":401,"journal":{"name":"Particuology","volume":"98 ","pages":"Pages 94-104"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143422478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of process parameters on coating mass variability and nitrogen-release kinetics of controlled-release urea granules produced in a Wurster fluidized-bed","authors":"Babar Azeem","doi":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.01.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.01.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Controlled-release coated urea (CRCU) is an important agrochemical in precision farming, with its effectiveness reliant on the quality of the coating film and the nutrient-release kinetics. This study explores the use of a chemically modified lignocellulosic biopolymer derived from almond shells as a coating material for producing CRCU using Wurster fluidized-bed equipment. The study examines how process parameters—namely fluidized-bed temperature (<em>T</em>_<em>fb</em>), spray rate (<em>R</em>_{<em>spray</em>}), fluidizing-air flow rate (<em>Q</em>_<em>air</em>), and atomizing-air pressure (<em>P</em>_<em>air</em>)—influence coating quality and nutrient-release kinetics. These are assessed through the inter-particle coefficient of coating mass variance (CMV) and the diffusion coefficient, respectively. The mechanism of nutrient release was studied using the Ritger and Peppas empirical model, specifically by calculating the diffusional exponent, <em>n</em>, for all samples. A Response Surface Methodology (RSM) approach coupled with a CCRD was applied to plan the experiments, perform statistical analysis, predict outcomes, and optimize the process conditions. The Analysis of Variance indicated that <em>T</em>_<em>fb</em> significantly impacts the studied parameters. Optimal coating quality (CMV = 6.7%) was achieved under conditions of <em>T</em>_<em>fb</em> = 75 °C, <em>Q</em>_<em>air</em> = 80 m³/h, <em>R</em>_{<em>spray</em>} = 0.17 mL/s, and <em>P</em>_<em>air</em> = 3.1 bar. The optimum diffusion coefficient (2.2 × 10⁻⁷ cm²/s) was obtained at <em>T</em>_<em>fb</em> = 78 °C, <em>Q</em>_<em>air</em> = 75 m³/h, <em>R</em>_{<em>spray</em>} = 0.125 mL/s, and <em>P</em>_<em>air</em> = 3.2 bar. The experimental and predicted responses showed close agreement that validates the regression models for predicting quality of coating films and kinetics of nutrient-release. Based on the <em>n</em> values, some samples exhibited Fickian diffusion, while others followed a non-Fickian nutrient-release mechanism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":401,"journal":{"name":"Particuology","volume":"98 ","pages":"Pages 67-82"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143422476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of static bed height on pressure fluctuations and phase hold-ups in fluidized bed flotation column","authors":"Jincheng Liu ,&nbsp;Mengdi Xu ,&nbsp;Yaowen Xing ,&nbsp;Xiahui Gui","doi":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.01.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.01.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Characterizing the hydrodynamics of a fluidized bed flotation column is essential for understanding the behavior of this multiphase flow system. Bed pressure fluctuations and phase hold-ups are two of these key characteristics. Static bed height effects on these two key characteristics were comprehensively studied using experimental and statistical analysis operating for different flow regimes. And three different bed height-to-diameter ratios (<em>H</em>/<em>D</em> = 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0) were investigated. The time series signals of pressure fluctuation were recorded via a pressure transducer, then analyzed through time and frequency domain methods. Cross-sectional and radial combined gas and solid hold-ups distribution were detected through the electrical resistance tomography under different <em>H</em>/<em>D</em> ratios. Results indicated that the key parameters of bed pressure fluctuation signals and gas-solid hold-up distributions are significantly affected by the change in static bed height, which can be explained by differences in bubble dynamics and particle movement behaviors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":401,"journal":{"name":"Particuology","volume":"98 ","pages":"Pages 56-66"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143402878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistically enhancing inertial particle focusing using a curved microchannel with expansion-contraction arrays","authors":"Ruihan Zhuang ,&nbsp;Jionglong Zhang ,&nbsp;Gang Chen ,&nbsp;Zhibin Wang ,&nbsp;Lisi Jia ,&nbsp;Ying Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.01.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.01.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Particle focusing, which organizes randomly dispersed particles into streamlines, is crucial for particle counting, enrichment, and detection. This process is widely applied in disease diagnosis, biochemical testing, and environmental monitoring. We designed a curved microchannel featuring integrated rectangular expansion-contraction arrays on its inner side. Our design diverges from conventional techniques by harnessing the synergistical effect of Dean flow induced by both structures based on the unique geometric configuration, resulting in a marked improvement in particle focusing efficiency. We validated the focusing performance of the combined microchannel and elucidated inertial focusing mechanisms by integrating experiments with simulations. At a Reynolds number of 83.33, a 4.34-cm-long microchannel can achieve the complete focusing of 10-μm particles, representing an advancement over current designs. Furthermore, our research uncovers a novel observation: the focusing width initially decreases with the expansion region's width and then increases, while the length of the expansion region leads to a gradual decrease in focusing width until it reaches a stable point. Through structural optimization, the dimensionless focusing width of 10-μm particles was reduced from 0.102 to 0.065 at a Reynolds number of 50, and particles of 5 and 15 μm can be completely focused, highlighting its adaptability and exceptional performance across a range of particle sizes. This study not only advances the un1derstanding of particle focusing dynamics but also paves the way for the development of more efficient and versatile microfluidic devices for a multitude of applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":401,"journal":{"name":"Particuology","volume":"98 ","pages":"Pages 83-93"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143422477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}