Particuology最新文献

{"title":"Influence of flight structures and baffle dam on particle behaviors and gas-solid heat exchange enhancement in a rotary drum","authors":"Yewei He ,&nbsp;Dianyu E ,&nbsp;Nien-Chu Lai ,&nbsp;Zeyi Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.04.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.04.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In a waste heat recovery rotary drum with flights, particle lifting enhances gas-solid contact and introduces greater complexity to the particle motion. This study proposed strategies such as the segmentation and separation of flights (SSF) and the addition of baffle dams to establish a reasonable distribution of the particle curtain. A long drum model was developed, and DEM was employed to examine the effects of segment length, separation angle of flight, and position, height of baffle dam on particle motion and heat exchange capacity. The heat exchange efficiency of the system under the four special operating conditions was compared. The results showed that SSF enhanced the randomness of particle axial motion, while the development of the long drum model effectively identified the key factors influencing motion. The SSF formed a spiral-shaped particle curtain, exhibiting a high degree of particle distribution uniformity. The installation of the baffle dam enhanced the flight holding capacity and suppressed both transitional particle movement and backflow. With equivalent filling degree, compared to the uninterrupted flight, the SSF with bilateral baffle dam reduced the particle distribution non-uniformity by 61.72 %, while increasing the gas-solid contact area by 3.92 % and the bulk cooling temperature by 1.51 times.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":401,"journal":{"name":"Particuology","volume":"102 ","pages":"Pages 104-117"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143901935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical study and experimental validation of copper powder plasma spheroidization process","authors":"M. Hossein Sehhat,&nbsp;Ming C. Leu","doi":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.04.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The powder characteristics, such as particle size and geometry, play an important role in determining the quality of powder layer and parts fabricated with powder-based additive manufacturing processes. Previous research has found that spherical particles result in better powder flowability and spreadability. An attempt to improve particle sphericity is to process the powder using plasma spheroidization, where the particles heat up, melt, and reshape to spheres. Several research works have been conducted to study the plasma spheroidization process and understand particle-plasma reactions. Although researchers have turned to simulations to overcome the difficulty of experimental study of such reactions, they only characterized the powder particle size without evaluating the particle geometry. In this work, the plasma spheroidization process of copper powder was numerically and experimentally examined to assess the impact of plasma spheroidization on particle size and geometry. For the first time in the literature, a method of simulation was proposed to numerically quantify the particle geometry at each particle residence time. The results of simulation agreed well with those of experiments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":401,"journal":{"name":"Particuology","volume":"102 ","pages":"Pages 78-85"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143881781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supercritical CO2-mediated strategy for structural engineering of photocatalysts and electrocatalysts: Mechanisms and applications","authors":"Weiguang Xiong ,&nbsp;Dagui Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhaonian Hong ,&nbsp;Biaoqi Chen ,&nbsp;Jianfei Xu ,&nbsp;Ranjith Kumar Kankala ,&nbsp;Shibin Wang ,&nbsp;Aizheng Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.04.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.04.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Under the driving force of the “carbon cycle” goals, achieving efficient synthesis and precise functional regulation of catalytic materials while simultaneously addressing CO₂ resource utilization and environmental friendliness has become a central challenge in the fields of energy catalysis and pollution control. Traditional synthesis methods often face issues such as insufficient precision in microstructure regulation, high energy consumption in processes, and solvent pollution, while the inadequate exposure of active sites and low mass transfer efficiency of CO₂ conversion catalysts further hinder their large-scale application. In response to these challenges, supercritical carbon dioxide (sc-CO₂) technology, leveraging its unique physicochemical properties and green process characteristics, offers an innovative solution for the multi-scale structural design and performance optimization of catalytic materials. This review systematically analyzes the mechanisms by which sc-CO₂ technology regulates micro/nano structures (e.g., defect engineering, hierarchical pore construction), modifies active sites (e.g., heteroatom doping), and enhances reaction kinetics in the synthesis of photo/electrocatalysts, revealing its key role in improving CO₂ reduction efficiency, pollutant degradation rates, and sensor sensitivity. Furthermore, it highlights that, future advancements in machine learning-driven process optimization, single-atom catalyst design, and reactor fluid dynamics innovation can overcome current limitations such as sensitivity to pressure-temperature conditions and insufficient material stability. This review provides a theoretical framework for developing sc-CO₂ synthesis technologies that combine atomic-level precision control with industrial feasibility, thereby advancing clean energy conversion and low-carbon manufacturing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":401,"journal":{"name":"Particuology","volume":"102 ","pages":"Pages 86-103"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143886795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced particle technologies in the preparation of dry powders for inhalation","authors":"Mingpu Yuan ,&nbsp;Jingkang Wang ,&nbsp;Richard Lakerveld ,&nbsp;Mingyu Chen ,&nbsp;Ting Wang ,&nbsp;Na Wang ,&nbsp;Xin Huang ,&nbsp;Hongxun Hao","doi":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.04.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Drug delivery via pulmonary inhalation can achieve targeted treatment by directly delivering the drugs to the area for treatment. The method is developing rapidly for the treatment of local and systemic diseases. However, dry powders for inhalation need to exhibit excellent aerodynamic performance. Particle size, morphology and density need to be tightly regulated to guarantee effective lung deposition and assure long-term chemical stability of the drug. In this work, the compositions and requirements of dry powders for inhalation are discussed. Furthermore, the state-of-art methods in particle technology for dry powders for inhalation, such as milling, droplet evaporation, direct crystallization, supercritical fluid and particle surface coating technologies, are reviewed. In addition, the application of process analytical techniques in the preparation of dry powders for inhalation, which can improve process capability and drug safety, is also discussed. Finally, current challenges in the field of dry powders for inhalation are discussed and some directional guidance is proposed to promote delivery efficiency, drug efficacy and process development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":401,"journal":{"name":"Particuology","volume":"102 ","pages":"Pages 118-140"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143904387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strength and friction dependency of the stress Lode angle in true triaxial configurations: A discrete element perspective","authors":"Shiva Prashanth Kumar Kodicherla ,&nbsp;Minyi Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.04.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.04.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article investigates the strength and frictional dependence on the stress Lode angle in drained true triaxial configurations using the discrete element method (DEM). A clump logic based on the multi-sphere (MS) approach within the commercial DEM software, particle flow code (PFC3D), was employed to simulate realistic particle shapes. The simulation results indicate that deviatoric stress initially exhibits strain hardening, followed by softening, while pure dilation occurs from the onset of shear. The evolutions of deviatoric stress and volumetric strains are found to be independent of both mean effective stress and intermediate stress ratios (<em>b</em>). The mobilized peak friction angle initially increases up to a certain value of <em>b,</em> then decreases with a further increase in <em>b</em>. The mechanical coordination number (MCN) and sliding contact fractions (SCF) remain unique and independent of <em>b</em> values. Moreover, the critical state friction angle has a significant influence on the stress ratios at the stress Lode angle <span><math><mi>θ</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>+</mo><mn>30</mn><mo>°</mo></math></span> when compared to <span><math><mi>θ</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>−</mo><mn>30</mn><mo>°</mo></math></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":401,"journal":{"name":"Particuology","volume":"102 ","pages":"Pages 70-77"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143868309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On scaling laws of fast-fluidized-bed dynamics: Critical remarks and final solution","authors":"Ming-Chuan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Archimedes number (Ar) is the most important parameter characterizing the fluid-particle two-phase-flow system, which determines the ratio of terminal velocity of single particle to minimum gas velocity for fluidization, and then the possibility of two fluidized systems being similar in fast-fluidization flow-regime. After brief revisit of the scaling laws reported in literatures, the problem/limitations of missing Ar were revealed/identified. Starting from Glicksman's full set scaling laws, new simplified four identities scaling laws for mesoscale similarity were derived. They were confirmed, also, by the unified model for fast fluidization dynamics established by the present author and his co-workers. When the new criteria were applied for scaling-down a high-temperature CFB combustor to a cold-air model, about one tenth semi-spontaneous scaling for bed size was identified and declared. With this benefit, scaling down from a large CFB combustor, of 15 m in diameter, to a 1/20 cold model was demonstrated successfully. Further simplification was also conducted to the beds using same gas and particles for partial/macroscale similarity. With guidance of the unified model, the simplest scaling laws having two similitude identities were obtained. And this is coincident well with Qi and Zhu's empirical correlation, deduced from dozens more literature data sets and their own.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":401,"journal":{"name":"Particuology","volume":"102 ","pages":"Pages 53-69"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143868308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heat transfer characteristics of CaO/Ca(OH)2 particle fluidization for thermochemical energy storage","authors":"Jingxiao Wang ,&nbsp;Yishi Gu ,&nbsp;Dingxuan Yuan ,&nbsp;Zhongjie Shen ,&nbsp;Jianliang Xu ,&nbsp;Haifeng Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.04.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thermochemical energy storage (TCES) based on the reversible hydration/dehydration of CaO/Ca(OH)₂ is emerging as a promising method for harnessing sustainable and renewable energy sources. In this study, a fluidized bed reactor was utilized to investigate the flow and heat transfer characteristics of micron-sized CaO/Ca(OH)₂ particles under dilute-phase conditions. Detailed experiments were carried out to measure particle concentration, temperature distribution, and heat transfer coefficients across a range of operating parameters. The results demonstrated that the heat transfer coefficient from the heated wall to the fluidized particles increases significantly with both reaction temperature and vapor partial pressure. Furthermore, the cluster renewal model was employed to predict the heat transfer behavior, achieving a low average relative error compared to the experimental data. These findings enhance the fundamental understanding of fluidized-bed-based CaO/Ca(OH)₂ TCES processes and offer practical guidelines for optimizing large-scale, high-temperature energy storage systems in support of intermittent renewable energy applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":401,"journal":{"name":"Particuology","volume":"102 ","pages":"Pages 41-52"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143863416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An approach to determine settling properties of flocculated tailings suspensions based on a single batch settling test","authors":"Lianfu Zhang ,&nbsp;Ke Yang ,&nbsp;Feiyue Liu ,&nbsp;Lingshan Zhu ,&nbsp;Wentao Xia ,&nbsp;Hongjiang Wang ,&nbsp;Xiang He ,&nbsp;Yongqiang Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.04.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Determining the settling properties of flocculated suspensions is crucial in the design and optimization of thickeners. A novel method was proposed to predict the settling parameters of the Vesilind function. Such a method determines the maximum settling velocity by minimizing the difference between the predicted and measured batch settling curves. The performance of the method was compared with those of the differential evolution (DE) and Nelder-Mead (NM) algorithms. The results indicate that the method predicts the settling parameters with higher accuracy than the DE and NM algorithms do. Finally, the thickening process of flocculated tailings suspensions in batch settling tests was simulated. An increase in flocculant dosage causes an increase in compressive yield stress, leading to aggregate rarefaction. Consequently, the underflow concentration decreases at high solid fractions of suspensions as flocculant dosage increases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":401,"journal":{"name":"Particuology","volume":"102 ","pages":"Pages 15-26"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143855005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A model for predicting the performance and maximizing the drying efficiency of an innovative fountain bed dryer","authors":"Xabier Sukunza ,&nbsp;Konrad Rojcewicz ,&nbsp;Aimar Martin ,&nbsp;Maider Bolaños ,&nbsp;Mikel Tellabide ,&nbsp;Martin Olazar ,&nbsp;Fabian Dajnowiec ,&nbsp;Zbigniew Oksiuta","doi":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tumble, rotary drum, belt and fluidized bed dryers are commonly used for the drying of biomass, but their energy consumption is high due to their low heat and mass transfer rates. Thus, fountain bed dryers have been proposed in the literature, which have proven effective in the drying of coarse and fine sawdust. Furthermore, dried sawdust is burned in a furnace, and the exhaust gases are fed in the fountain bed dryer to provide heat to both drying and preheating chambers. However, the influence of operating and geometric parameters on the performance of fountain bed dryer has not been ascertained to date. Accordingly, a mathematical model has been developed in this study, which solves the unsteady state mass and energy balances for the solid, exhaust gases and air. The exhaust gases flow rate is the most influential parameter, followed by the air flow rate, whereas the cone angle is the least influential one.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":401,"journal":{"name":"Particuology","volume":"102 ","pages":"Pages 251-263"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144114834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Controlled dispersion and velocity evolution of explosion-driven submillimeter particle groups: An experimental and numerical simulation study","authors":"Shaohong Wang ,&nbsp;Ruijun Fan ,&nbsp;Jinying Wang ,&nbsp;Aiguo Pi","doi":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Low collateral damage munitions incorporate tens of thousands of submillimeter heavy metal particles in the shell, replacing the conventional metal shell. These munitions achieve near-field damage capabilities comparable to that of conventional munitions, while relying on the dispersion decay characteristics of the particles to control the range of damage. However, the submillimeter size of particles poses significant challenger in analyzing explosion-driven scattering. In this study, X-ray test was used to capture the scattering and dispersion state of the particle groups driven by blast load. The scattering evolution was simulated using the discrete element method (DEM) coupled with the finite element method (FEM). The extended velocity field distribution was analyzed in terms of the two-phase flow forces governing particle decay, to reveal the velocity evolution during particle group scattering and qualitatively analyze its influencing factors. Ensuring the strength of the layer structure, results indicate that lower particle content in the structural shell promotes easier expansion and rupture, enhancing the scattering ability of the particle group. The initial particle velocity is determined by the explosive energy and the mass ratio of the composite shell to the explosive (M/C). Near-field explosion dynamics involve complex interactions among shock waves, blast products, and particles groups in a multiphase medium. In contrast, far-field behavior reflects particle decay driven by air resistance, which is related to the resistance characteristic time. This study presents a method for calculating particle group velocity evolution, offering valuable insights for the engineering design and effect assessment of low collateral damage munitions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":401,"journal":{"name":"Particuology","volume":"100 ","pages":"Pages 232-244"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143847309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}