Particuology最新文献_第2页

Steam cracking of polypropylene for the production of light olefins in a fountain confined conical spouted bed reactor 喷泉密闭锥形喷射床反应器中聚丙烯蒸汽裂解生产轻烯烃的研究

IF 4.1 2区材料科学

Particuology Pub Date : 2025-05-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.partic.2025.05.018

Manomita Mollick , Laura Santamaria , Ziliang Wang , Pablo Comendador , Maite Artetxe , Enara Fernandez , Martin Olazar , Gartzen Lopez

{"title":"Steam cracking of polypropylene for the production of light olefins in a fountain confined conical spouted bed reactor","authors":"Manomita Mollick , Laura Santamaria , Ziliang Wang , Pablo Comendador , Maite Artetxe , Enara Fernandez , Martin Olazar , Gartzen Lopez","doi":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.05.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.05.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents an alternative approach for plastic waste valorization in a fountain confined conical spouted bed reactor. The study evaluates the application of an upgraded spouted bed design for the steam cracking of polypropylene (PP) at 750 °C, focusing on high value added products. The highly efficient cracking process results in a high gas yield of 80.9 wt%. This stream is composed of H<sub>2</sub>, CO, CO<sub>2</sub>, C<sub>1</sub>-C<sub>4</sub> paraffins and C<sub>2</sub>-C<sub>4</sub> olefins, with the latter reaching a total yield of 49.2 wt%. Among the light olefins, propylene (21.8 wt%) and ethylene (16.5 wt%) are the most relevant. Interestingly, a remarkable yield of the valuable BTX fraction was obtained, 14.0 wt%, with benzene being the predominant compound. The reactor configuration and excellent control of process conditions enhanced light olefins yield by β-scission and radical mechanism, promoting the formation of light hydrocarbons, as well as minimizing secondary oligomerization and reforming reactions. This study is a proof of the viability of steam cracking in a fountain confined spouted bed reactor for converting PP into valuable chemical intermediates, as well as the viability of this technology for industrial application in waste plastic valorization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":401,"journal":{"name":"Particuology","volume":"103 ","pages":"Pages 206-216"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144240197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Grinding mechanism of wet vertical spiral stirred mill based on DEM-CFD: Role of grinding sphere motion 基于DEM-CFD的湿式立式螺旋搅拌磨粉机研磨机理：磨球运动的作用

IF 4.1 2区材料科学

Particuology Pub Date : 2025-05-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.partic.2025.05.013

Haonan Ji , Zhaohua Wang , Tie Qu , Xianzhou Song , Biliang Tang , Yijiang Li , Lifeng Ma

{"title":"Grinding mechanism of wet vertical spiral stirred mill based on DEM-CFD: Role of grinding sphere motion","authors":"Haonan Ji , Zhaohua Wang , Tie Qu , Xianzhou Song , Biliang Tang , Yijiang Li , Lifeng Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.05.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.05.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The grinding sphere is the main ultra-fine grinding medium for the vertical spiral stirred mill, and its motion characteristics have a significant impact on grinding efficiency. A DEM-CFD model of an experimental mill was established, and the accuracy was verified through experiment. The motion characteristics of grinding spheres were systematically analyzed from four aspects: motion trajectory, velocity, force and energy. The results showed that the motion trajectories of the grinding spheres at the cylinder bottom are the shortest, which can be defined as the inert spheres. The trajectory length increases continuously as the height increases in the cylinder, while it increases first and then decreases with the increase of the radial distance. The velocity of grinding spheres near the agitator blade is the highest, while it is lowest at the cylinder wall. By comparing the total, radial, tangential and axial velocities, it was found that its motion mode is mainly tangential motion around the axis, and the axial and radial velocities are very small. The kinetic energy distribution of the grinding spheres is basically the same as the total velocity. The normal collision force of the grinding sphere is 6 times of the tangential collision force, but the tangential collision energy is about 1.4 times of the normal collision energy. Last, five grinding zones were established to characterize the contribution of grinding spheres inside the cylinder to the grinding efficiency. These results will help to understand the grinding mechanism and provide theoretical guidance for the structural design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":401,"journal":{"name":"Particuology","volume":"103 ","pages":"Pages 151-163"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144222507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Preface to special issue: Image is everything 特刊前言：形象就是一切

IF 4.1 2区材料科学

Particuology Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.partic.2025.04.013

Christopher R.K. Windows-Yule, Jonathan Seville (Guest Editors), Kay Buist, Giulia Finotello (Guest Editors), Kia Taghizadeh (Guest Editor)

引用次数: 0

Analysis of the residence time distribution in rotary kilns and the effect of particle sizes 回转窑停留时间分布及粒度影响分析

IF 4.1 2区材料科学

Particuology Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.partic.2025.05.016

Haozhi Jie , Fabian Herz , Xiaoyan Liu

{"title":"Analysis of the residence time distribution in rotary kilns and the effect of particle sizes","authors":"Haozhi Jie , Fabian Herz , Xiaoyan Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.05.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.05.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a mathematical model based on the segregation-induced ring-core structure was developed to predict the residence time and axial velocity of particles of different sizes within a rotary kiln. Validation experiments were conducted using a pilot-scale rotary kiln with bidisperse particle systems comprising particle sizes of 0.7 mm, 2 mm, and 4 mm. The entire process was recorded using video analysis, which enabled the tracking of tracer particle movement from the inlet to the outlet. Based on the recorded data, the average axial velocity for each particle size across different kiln regions was determined. At the outlet, the tracer particles were analyzed using statistical methods and diffusion theory, allowing for the calculation of the residence time distribution (RTD), mean residence time (MRT), variance, axial dispersion coefficient (<em>D</em><sub><em>z</em></sub>), and Peclet number (<em>Pe</em>). The experimentally obtained MRT exhibited strong agreement with the predictions of the mathematical ring-core structure model, confirming its accuracy and reliability. Additionally, the influence of particle size and mixing behavior was systematically evaluated by varying particle size ratios and mass concentrations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":401,"journal":{"name":"Particuology","volume":"103 ","pages":"Pages 193-205"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144229918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Alumina intermittent drying using new draft tubes for scaling up conical spouted beds 利用新型引水管扩大锥形喷床的氧化铝间歇干燥

IF 4.1 2区材料科学

Particuology Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.partic.2025.05.015

Idoia Estiati , Ronaldo Correia de Brito , Mikel Tellabide , Maider Bolaños , Xabier Sukunza , Fabio Bentes Freire , José Teixeira Freire , Martin Olazar

{"title":"Alumina intermittent drying using new draft tubes for scaling up conical spouted beds","authors":"Idoia Estiati , Ronaldo Correia de Brito , Mikel Tellabide , Maider Bolaños , Xabier Sukunza , Fabio Bentes Freire , José Teixeira Freire , Martin Olazar","doi":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.05.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.05.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Novel draft tubes have been assessed to scale up the spouted bed technology. Accordingly, alumina drying runs have been conducted using different configurations (without tube and with open-sided and nonporous tubes) under intermittent strategies consisting in alternating periods of drying and periods of reduction or interruption of the air flow rate, and they have been compared with continuous drying. Furthermore, the influence the draft tubes have on the drying performance and energy requirements in the drying process has been evaluated. The results allow inferring that intermittent drying considerably decreases both drying time and energy requirements. Moreover, the new draft tubes improved the drying of alumina, as a similar energy efficiency than without draft tube was attained with lower specific energy consumption, which is essential to reduce the high-energy demand in the drying process and mitigate climate change. These findings, along with the stability the new tubes provided to the process, involve a further step in the scale up of spouted beds for industrial operations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":401,"journal":{"name":"Particuology","volume":"103 ","pages":"Pages 141-150"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144222510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of particle size reduction due to wear on heat transfer in a fluidized bed: A CFD-DEM study 磨损引起的颗粒尺寸减小对流化床传热的影响：CFD-DEM研究

IF 4.1 2区材料科学

Particuology Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.partic.2025.05.017

Haoyuan Bo, Yao Fu, Yingjuan Shao, Wenqi Zhong

{"title":"Effects of particle size reduction due to wear on heat transfer in a fluidized bed: A CFD-DEM study","authors":"Haoyuan Bo, Yao Fu, Yingjuan Shao, Wenqi Zhong","doi":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.05.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.05.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Particle wear behavior significantly affects combustion stability and operational costs. To reveal the underlying effects of particle size reduction on the heat transfer process, which are difficult to obtain experimentally, this study proposes a novel particle wear model. The model is experimentally calibrated and subsequently incorporated into a heat-fluid CFD-DEM platform. This is the first study to numerically investigate the impact of particle size reduction due to wear on the heat transfer characteristics in a fluidized bed. This study investigates the fluid dynamic and thermal behavior of particles after wear. It provides information on the system's macroscopic gas-solid flow regime (characterized by particle size and temperature distribution), the time-varying rules of particle wear and fragmentation rate, bed particle size distribution, and the relationship between single-particle diameter and temperature under different wear mechanisms. The primary innovation of this work lies in assessing the impact of different wear mechanisms on the key parameters (heating rate and temperature uniformity) during the heating process. Based on these findings, practical guidance is provided for optimizing industrial processes (adjusting particle flow patterns, optimizing debris distribution, and enhancing temperature monitoring at the bed bottom). The results reveal that different wear mechanisms lead to distinct distribution characteristics of particles within the bed. The abrasion mechanism enhances the heat transfer process, resulting in an approximately 16 % increase in the heating rate coefficient (C) and a 6 % improvement in temperature uniformity. In contrast, the fragmentation mechanism weakens the heat transfer process, leading to an approximately 33 % decrease in C and a 21 % reduction in temperature uniformity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":401,"journal":{"name":"Particuology","volume":"103 ","pages":"Pages 176-192"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144222509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Parameter identification in the bismuth homogeneous nucleation model for population balance 铋族平衡均匀成核模型的参数辨识

IF 4.1 2区材料科学

Particuology Pub Date : 2025-05-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.partic.2025.05.012

Cheng Shang , Song He , Zuwei Xu , Frank Einar Kruis , Haibo Zhao

引用次数: 0

Microdroplet cryo-crystallization for producing budesonide microparticles with optimized physicochemical properties 微滴冷冻结晶法制备物理化学性能最佳的布地奈德微粒

IF 4.1 2区材料科学

Particuology Pub Date : 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.partic.2025.05.014

Shengzheng Guo, Ziyi Liu, Yuxin Zhang, Jingkang Wang, Zhenguo Gao, Junbo Gong

{"title":"Microdroplet cryo-crystallization for producing budesonide microparticles with optimized physicochemical properties","authors":"Shengzheng Guo, Ziyi Liu, Yuxin Zhang, Jingkang Wang, Zhenguo Gao, Junbo Gong","doi":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.05.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.05.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inhalation therapies are pivotal for treating pulmonary diseases, yet their efficacy critically depends on the physicochemical properties of drug particles. This study introduces a novel microdroplet cryo-crystallization (MCC) technique to fabricate inhalable budesonide (BUD) particles. The MCC process combines rapid cryogenic freezing of drug-loaded microdroplets in liquid nitrogen, followed by additive-guided suspension crystallization in an anti-solvent environment. Cryogenic freezing suppresses molecular mobility and prevents aggregation, preserving uniform solute distribution. Subsequent controlled crystallization in the anti-solvent system enables precise tailoring of nanoparticle morphologies while avoiding supersaturation-driven amorphization. Systematic optimization identified MCC conditions yielding BUD ultrafine crystals with a volume median diameter of 3.0 μm, >94 % sphericity, >98 % crystallinity, and minimal hygroscopicity (<0.5 %). Compared to conventional air-jet milled BUD (∼90 % crystallinity and ∼3 % hygroscopicity), the MCC-engineered particles exhibit significantly improved physicochemical stability and dissolution performance (94 % in 180 min). The MCC strategy decouples cryogenic freezing and phase transformation, avoiding top-down limitations (e.g., milling-induced amorphization) and bottom-up issues (uncontrolled nucleation/aggregation) to achieve scalable and highly precise production of inhalable drug particles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":401,"journal":{"name":"Particuology","volume":"103 ","pages":"Pages 128-140"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144222506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A new transient nonuniformity index for the feed injection zone of a multiphase fluidized bed reactor 多相流化床反应器进料区的一种新的瞬态不均匀性指标

IF 4.1 2区材料科学

Particuology Pub Date : 2025-05-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.partic.2025.05.002

Shuangzhu Kong , Min Cai , Jian Li , Feng Cheng , Chunxi Lu , Mengxi Liu , Chaowei Liu , Zhifeng Wang , Kaijun Hou

{"title":"A new transient nonuniformity index for the feed injection zone of a multiphase fluidized bed reactor","authors":"Shuangzhu Kong , Min Cai , Jian Li , Feng Cheng , Chunxi Lu , Mengxi Liu , Chaowei Liu , Zhifeng Wang , Kaijun Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the feed injection zone of a multiphase fluidized bed reactor, nonuniform distribution exists due to the introduction of feed nozzle jets and circulating catalyst, which ultimately have an impact on the performance of the reactor. The transient sectional nonuniformity index (<em>TSNI</em>) is proposed as a new index to quantify the nonuniformity of solid distribution in both radial and circumferential dimensions at the same time, based on the transient solids holdup data in the feed zone. The temporal and spatial distributions of <em>TSNI</em> can more accurately reflect the changes in the real-time gas-solid distribution uniformity of the cross-sections and the efficiency of gas-solid contact in the feed injection zone. The feed injection zone can be divided into three regions according to the characteristics of <em>TSNI</em>: the bubble-influenced zone, the jet-influenced zone, and the acceleration zone. According to the numerical simulation results, it was analyzed that <em>TSNI</em> is highly correlated with operating conditions, such as nozzle gas velocity and catalyst circulation rate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":401,"journal":{"name":"Particuology","volume":"103 ","pages":"Pages 164-175"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144222508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Predicting ash accumulation in industrial systems using machine learning: Enhancing maintenance and operational efficiency 利用机器学习预测工业系统积灰：提高维护和运行效率

IF 4.1 2区材料科学

Particuology Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.partic.2025.05.008

Seyed Hamed Godasiaei

{"title":"Predicting ash accumulation in industrial systems using machine learning: Enhancing maintenance and operational efficiency","authors":"Seyed Hamed Godasiaei","doi":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.05.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.05.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Predicting ash accumulation in industrial environments is crucial for improving operational efficiency, enabling proactive maintenance, reducing downtime, and optimizing plant performance. Understanding of these processes requires the analysis of key parameters, including time, heat flux, particle size, velocity, excess air ratio, furnace temperature, heat load, and oxide concentrations, with a particular focus on deposition thickness. Traditional methods often fail to capture the complexity of these interactions, necessitating innovative approaches for accurate prediction and analysis. The experimental data, along with four algorithms, i.e. Support Vector Regression (SVR), Random Forest (RF), Deep Neural Network (DNN), and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), were employed to analyze 20 features, providing a robust evaluation of their predictive capabilities. Furthermore, the use of SHAP (SHapley Additive Explanations) values introduces a novel dimension to the study, enabling interpretability and transparency in understanding the contribution of each feature to the model's predictions. The results demonstrate exceptional predictive accuracy for the RF and XGBoost models, achieving an R<sup>2</sup> value of 0.99 and minimal mean absolute errors (MAE). A novel comparison of training times reveals that SVR outperforms the other algorithms in speed due to its simpler structure, making it highly efficient for real-time applications. Correlation analysis identifies strong relationships between deposition thickness and key parameters such as time, heat flux, and deposition probability at varying surface temperatures. Time directly influences deposition thickness, as particles accumulate and sinter over prolonged operation. Heat flux drives particle movement through thermophoresis, affecting surface adhesion and increasing deposition probability. Surface temperature modulates particle adhesion and slag viscosity, with optimal temperatures maximizing stickiness and deposition probability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":401,"journal":{"name":"Particuology","volume":"103 ","pages":"Pages 41-54"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144170519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0