Particuology最新文献

{"title":"Time dependent behaviors and formulation comparison of solid propellants based on discrete element method","authors":"Yu Pan,&nbsp;Xihua Chu,&nbsp;Li Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.08.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.08.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solid propellant is a high-energy composite material composed of solid particles, which can exhibit time dependent behaviors such as creep and stress relaxation during long-term storage. To model and analyze time dependent behavior of solid propellants, the modified soft-bond model (MSBM) based on the rate process theory (RPT) was implemented in Particle Flow Code (PFC). Numerical results show the predicted creep and stress relaxation behaviors by MSBM are in good agreement with experimental data, demonstrating that the MSBM can accurately capture time dependent behaviors in solid propellants. Furthermore, three categories of DEM samples were generated by varying formulations such as particle size, volume fraction and gradation, and a damage parameter was constructed to assess the characteristics of creep and stress relaxation. Among all formulations, the DEM simulation identified the graded formulation exhibiting the minimal damage parameter and optimal creep and stress relaxation resistance. These findings provide guidance for formula design of solid propellant.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":401,"journal":{"name":"Particuology","volume":"106 ","pages":"Pages 81-98"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145047079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-yield synthesis of silica nanoparticles from geothermal silica via a facile co-precipitation method: Statistical optimization and kinetic analysis","authors":"Himawan Tri Bayu Murti Petrus ,&nbsp;Amelia Andriani ,&nbsp;Vincent Sutresno Hadi Sujoto ,&nbsp;Monica Inggrini ,&nbsp;Muhammad Syauqi ,&nbsp;Widi Astuti ,&nbsp;Siti Nurul Aisyiyah Jenie ,&nbsp;Kevin Cleary Wanta ,&nbsp;Ferian Anggara ,&nbsp;Indra Perdana ,&nbsp;Panut Mulyono ,&nbsp;Yuni Kusumastuti","doi":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.08.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.08.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Silica nanoparticles play a vital role in a range of industries, including agriculture, pharmaceuticals, biomedicine, ceramics, and advanced materials. However, conventional synthesis methods typically rely on expensive and environmentally burdensome chemical precursors. This study explores the hypothesis that geothermal sludge, a by-product of geothermal power plants, can serve as a sustainable and efficient source for producing high-purity silica nanoparticles through a simplified synthesis approach. The process involves three key purification stages—water washing, acid leaching, and conversion to sodium silicate—followed by co-precipitation to obtain the final silica product. To optimize the synthesis, experimental conditions were statistically evaluated using response surface methodology to identify the effect of pH and sodium silicate ratio on the silica yield. The highest yield (100 %) and purity (97.03 %) were achieved under neutral pH conditions and a sodium silicate ratio of 1:1 by volume. Material characterization was conducted using elemental analysis, X-ray diffraction, and electron microscopy to confirm the structural and morphological properties. In addition, kinetic modeling revealed the influence of agitation speed and temperature on silica precipitation dynamics, and a dimensionless correlation was developed to quantify the mass transfer coefficient during the process. The findings demonstrate a promising and more sustainable pathway for silica nanoparticle production using industrial waste as feedstock. While direct financial metrics were not assessed, the use of readily available by-products and simplified process conditions suggest potential for economic advantages, meriting further techno-economic evaluation in future work.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":401,"journal":{"name":"Particuology","volume":"106 ","pages":"Pages 222-235"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145106661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revolution of coarse-grained CFD-DEM technology and its application in fluidized beds: A comprehensive review","authors":"Guanlong Ren ,&nbsp;Ji Xu ,&nbsp;Jiayu Xu ,&nbsp;Yi Ouyang ,&nbsp;Henrik Ström ,&nbsp;Wei Ge ,&nbsp;Haijun Sun ,&nbsp;Qingang Xiong","doi":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.08.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.08.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to their superior mixing and heat transfer capabilities, fluidized beds are extensively utilized in chemical engineering, power generation, etc. Numerical simulations have long been essential for elucidating the nonlinear multiphase transfer processes within reactors. However, as the research perspective expands from lab-to pilot- and industrial-scale, the exponential increase in particle numbers constrains the applicability of multiphase flow models such as discrete element method (DEM), direct numerical simulation, etc. As an extension of traditional DEM methods, the coarse-grained (CG) DEM strategy effectively balances computational efficiency and accuracy. In order to promote the advancement of CG DEM in the field of fluidized beds, its development and applications are comprehensively reviewed in this work. First, the foundational principles of the CG method—similarity and energy conservation—are outlined. The scaling paradigms of the collision parameters, force formulations, and gas-solid properties are systematically listed in chronological order. Subsequently, the applications of the CG method across lab-, pilot-, and industrial-scale fluidized beds under both cold and heated conditions are summarized. Finally, future challenges and opportunities are highlighted. This review aims to accelerate the adoption of CG techniques in industrial-scale reactors while providing theoretical insights for optimizing existing models and developing novel scaling laws.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":401,"journal":{"name":"Particuology","volume":"106 ","pages":"Pages 45-69"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145027489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on the mechanism of pre-grinding and multi-stage flotation of coal gasification fine slag","authors":"Weiwei Xie,&nbsp;Yifan Yu,&nbsp;Zidong Zhang,&nbsp;Yongji Yan,&nbsp;Gunaer Bahater,&nbsp;Lingmei Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.08.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.08.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper focused on the fine-grinding pretreatment of coal gasification fine slag (CGFS) from gasification settling tank in Shaanxi Yulin, China. The mechanism by which grinding promotes the flotation performance of CGFS was explored through particle size distribution analysis, surface morphology examination, and porosity analysis. A multi-stage flotation process was employed to determine the optimal flotation regime. The experimental results demonstrated that grinding significantly reduced the overall particle size and improved the structure and composition of CGFS. After grinding, the particle size <em>D</em> [4, 3] decreased to 47.612 μm, and the average pore diameter increased by 0.1335 nm. The grinding process effectively dissociated the glassy intergrowth structures, resulting in a significant reduction in reagent consumption. With a compound collector dosage of 9 kg/t and frother dosage of 3 kg/t, the optimized flotation process—including one roughing stage and three cleaning stages—yielded a clean coal ash content of 16.96 % and a tailing loss on ignition value of 2.29 %, meeting the standards for Class I fly ash.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":401,"journal":{"name":"Particuology","volume":"106 ","pages":"Pages 12-19"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144989826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of particle shape on abrasive wear of screw flights during scaffold growth in a COREX shaft furnace","authors":"Yun Cheng ,&nbsp;Wenjie Rong ,&nbsp;Pengcheng Jia ,&nbsp;Baokuan Li ,&nbsp;Fengsheng Qi","doi":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.08.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.08.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The scaffolding presence in the operation of the COREX shaft furnace is a serious problem, which exacerbates asymmetric loading on certain screw flights, causing uneven wear distribution and also exerts substantial influences on normal industrial production. To study the effects on the abrasive wear of screw flights by scaffolding growth process and particle shapes of burden, this paper employs the discrete element method (DEM) to establish a three-dimensional COREX shaft furnace model, simulating discharge process under eight working conditions and calculating the abrasive wear using Archard wear equation. The results show that different particle shapes affect the pressure evolutions experienced by the screw flights so as the distribution and magnitude of the abrasive wear. Under non-spherical particle conditions, the pressure will produce fluctuations with higher amplitude during the second stage of the discharge process, make the average pressure higher than that of spherical particles. With the continuous growing of the scaffold, the burden distribution changes as well as the pressure on the flights, leading to the impact on the abrasive wear. The abrasive wear on the screw flights near the scaffolding is lower, while that further from the scaffolding is higher. There is also a certain deviation on the macroscopic distribution of screw flights wear.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":401,"journal":{"name":"Particuology","volume":"106 ","pages":"Pages 1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144989827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved drag force calculation in CFD-DEM using coarse cell for dilute large-sized particles: Effective projected area for drag force distribution","authors":"Shen Zhang,&nbsp;Nan Gui,&nbsp;Yiyang Luo,&nbsp;Xingtuan Yang,&nbsp;Shengyao Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.08.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.08.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study addresses a critical challenge in CFD-DEM simulations: the accurate assignment of drag force to fluid mesh cells when the cell size exceeds particle sizes. Traditional particle centroid method (PCM) approaches often lead to abrupt drag force variations as particles cross cell boundaries due to their discrete nature. To overcome this limitation, we propose a novel algorithm that computes an analytical solution for the effective projected area (EPA) of particles within computational cells, aligned with the relative velocity direction. The drag force is then proportionally scaled according to this EPA calculation. The paper presents a specific implementation case of our algorithm, focusing on scenarios where a cell vertex resides within a particle boundary. For EPA determination, we introduce an innovative classification approach based on face-windward surface relations. Extensive validation involved 100,000 test cases with varying cell-particle relative positions (all constrained by the vertex-in-particle condition), systematically classified into 18 types using our scheme. Results demonstrate that all computed EPA values remain within theoretical bounds, confirming the classification's comprehensiveness. Through 5 classic particle movement simulations, we show that our method maintains continuous EPA variation across time steps - a marked improvement over PCM's characteristic discontinuities. Implementation within the CFD-DEM framework for single-particle sedimentation yields terminal velocities that closely match experimental data while ensuring smooth drag force transitions between fluid cells. Compared to PCM, the present method reduces the relative error in terminal settling velocity by approximately 43 %. Moreover, comparative studies of dual-particle sedimentation demonstrate our algorithm's superior performance relative to conventional PCM approaches. For Particle 1, the terminal vertical velocity predicted by the present method reduces the relative error by approximately 17 % compared to PCM. These advances significantly enhance simulation fidelity for particle-fluid interaction problems where cell-particle size ratios challenge traditional methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":401,"journal":{"name":"Particuology","volume":"105 ","pages":"Pages 340-356"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144988266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrodynamic characteristics of the bubble-induced three-phase inverse fluidized bed in NaCl aqueous solution system","authors":"Yicheng Deng ,&nbsp;Shuya Shi ,&nbsp;Keying Ma ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Shao ,&nbsp;Jesse Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.08.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.08.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bubble-induced three-phase inverse fluidized bed (BIFB) has attracted significant attention in biological wastewater treatment due to its low energy consumption and high mass transfer efficiency. To extend the application in high-salinity wastewater treatment, a square BIFB was constructed to investigate the flow characteristics in different NaCl concentration systems, including flow regimes, fluidization transition gas velocities, bed expansion ratio, and average phase holdups. The flow regime changes in NaCl solution system are generally consistent with those in the pure water system. The fluidization transition gas velocities initially decrease and then increase as the NaCl concentration increases, with a minimum value observed at approximately 1 wt% NaCl solution. The average gas holdup in the NaCl solution system is significantly higher than in the pure water system and increases with the NaCl concentration. These results could provide basic data and theoretical support for reactor design and its industrial application in high-salinity wastewater treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":401,"journal":{"name":"Particuology","volume":"106 ","pages":"Pages 20-28"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144989828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A particulate phase-field model for chemical-electrochemical dynamics of Li-ion intercalation in LiFePO4","authors":"Ye Hu ,&nbsp;Fang Cheng ,&nbsp;Mati ur Rahman","doi":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.08.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.08.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigated a phase-field model incorporating chemical-electrochemical coupling in Li-ion battery materials, particularly LiFePO₄, without altering its olivine topology. This study emphasizes the anomalous diffusion dynamics of lithium ions within the crystal structure during electrochemical cycling. The model, featuring a diffusing interface, comprises two coupled nonlinear second-order parabolic equations. We validated that this model adheres to the principle of entropy increase and demonstrated that global solutions exist for the initial-boundary value problem. Simulation outcomes demonstrate consistency between lithium concentration evolution and interface motion with experimental results reported by research of Laffont.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":401,"journal":{"name":"Particuology","volume":"105 ","pages":"Pages 325-339"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144931726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"30-year scientific legacy and future of nanoparticles in next-generation cosmetic applications","authors":"Caroliny M. Santos ,&nbsp;Isabel Cristina V. Santos ,&nbsp;Thiago F. Santos ,&nbsp;Raphael Lucas Jacinto Almeida ,&nbsp;J.H.O. Nascimento","doi":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.08.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.08.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study analyzes 30 years (1993–2023) of advancements in nanoparticle (NPs) use in cosmetics, mapping the shift from traditional cosmetics to cosmeceuticals. This transition integrates aesthetic and therapeutic benefits, driven by scientific innovation, consumer demand for multifunctional products, and sustainability. Cosmeceuticals, popularized by Albert Kligman, combine cosmetic and pharmaceutical properties. The 1990s introduced bioactive ingredients like alpha-hydroxy acids, while the 2000s emphasized natural, eco-friendly materials. Nanotechnology, prominent in the 2010s, introduced nanocarriers like liposomes and solid lipid NPs, enhancing skin penetration and targeted delivery for anti-aging, UV protection, and hair care. The cosmetics market grew from USD 532.43 billion in 2017 to a projected USD 805.61 billion by 2023, driven by nanocosmeceuticals. Recent trends focus on green synthesis using biodegradable materials like cellulose nanofibers and sustainable practices, exemplified by L’Oréal's zero plastic pollution goal by 2025. Regulatory uncertainties and nanotoxicity concerns remain, underscoring the need for safe, sustainable innovations to shape the industry's future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":401,"journal":{"name":"Particuology","volume":"105 ","pages":"Pages 288-314"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144931724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelling and optimization of ultra-fine copper sulphide grinding: A hybrid statistical and machine learning approach","authors":"Nkosilamandla Moyo,&nbsp;Tirivaviri Mamvura,&nbsp;Gwiranai Danha,&nbsp;Prasad Raghupatruni","doi":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.08.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.partic.2025.08.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As the demand for base metals continues to increase, the shift to beneficiating low-grade ores and secondary sources has been steadily increasing over the past decades. This study aimed at optimizing the beneficiation of low-grade copper sulphide ores by applying ultra-fine grinding to mechanically activate its mineral grain surfaces. As an energy intense process, this study sought to streamline the manner in which the milling media particle size impacts the operating conditions, for fine-tuning the process milling efficiency (P₈₀), and its specific energy consumption (SE). The intrinsic interaction behaviors of the operating conditions; milling speed, milling time and grinding media filling ratio, were uncovered through a hybrid modelling technique involving the response surface methodology, artificial neural network (ANN) and artificial-neuro-fuzzy-inference-system (ANFIS) approaches. Through this methodology, it was revealed that the baseline process parameter of dependence, to the rest in this study was the media filling ratio (%). At lower media filling ratios, it was noted that basically the milling speed did not bear much influence on the process performance, however, an inverse impact to the process performance was observed with increasing media filling ratio. For milling time, a direct proportionality was observed between it and media filling ratio, and its proportionality constant could be finely tuned as per set conditions. Optimization study led to adoption of the optimum conditions of media filling ratio, milling time and milling speed of 60 %, 1 h and 106 revolutions per minute (RPM) respectively. Upon optimizing the grinding extent to P₈₀ of 20 μm, a 24.45 % SE conservation was realized, basing on the traditional 10 μm of the Activox process. Validation of the hybrid models using a different sulphide ore drew the superiority of the ANFIS model for P₈₀ predictions, and that of ANN for SE predictions. This study addressed the need, particularly of small-scale miners, to effectively conduct mechanical activation without necessarily incurring expenditure on new milling equipment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":401,"journal":{"name":"Particuology","volume":"106 ","pages":"Pages 29-44"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145020032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}