Advanced Electronic Materials最新文献

Overcoming Endurance Limitations in Organic Nonvolatile Memories Through N-Type Small-Molecule Semiconductor Implementation and Thermal Optimization

IF 6.2 2区材料科学

Advanced Electronic Materials Pub Date : 2025-03-05 DOI: 10.1002/aelm.202400864

Zhenliang Liu, Shuyi Hou, Yiru Wang, Zeya Li, Hangyu Lei, Jiang Yin, Xu Gao, Yidong Xia, Zhiguo Liu

{"title":"Overcoming Endurance Limitations in Organic Nonvolatile Memories Through N-Type Small-Molecule Semiconductor Implementation and Thermal Optimization","authors":"Zhenliang Liu, Shuyi Hou, Yiru Wang, Zeya Li, Hangyu Lei, Jiang Yin, Xu Gao, Yidong Xia, Zhiguo Liu","doi":"10.1002/aelm.202400864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.202400864","url":null,"abstract":"Organic field-effect transistor-based nonvolatile memories (ONVMs) are pivotal in advanced electronic systems but often suffer from limited endurance, a characteristic that remains poorly understood across varying device structures. This work reveals a general mechanism for the deterioration of ONVM endurance related to the imperfect crystallinity of n-type small-molecule-semiconductor charge-trapping layer, N,N′-Ditridecylperylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic diimide (PTCDI-C13). Through the optimization of annealing temperatures aimed at minimizing deep traps, the endurance characteristics of pentacene-based ONVMs are greatly improved, sustaining high ION/IOFF ratios larger than 104 without notable degradation over 104 programming/erasing cycles, a marked improvement over previous configurations. This research not only advances the understanding of the physical mechanisms underlying ONVMs’ degradation but also offers a practical approach to significantly enhance the endurance of memory devices. These insights are crucial for the development of ONVMs with robust performance suitable for advanced electronic systems.","PeriodicalId":110,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Electronic Materials","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143546050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Improved Magnetoresistance of Tungsten Telluride and Silver Telluride Composites

IF 6.2 2区材料科学

Advanced Electronic Materials Pub Date : 2025-03-05 DOI: 10.1002/aelm.202400866

Mingxing Cao, Zhigao Zhang, Jian He, Ruifen Hou, Wenjie Gong, Zhihong Wang

引用次数: 0

Encapsulated Organohydrogel Couplants for Wearable Ultrasounds

IF 6.2 2区材料科学

Advanced Electronic Materials Pub Date : 2025-03-05 DOI: 10.1002/aelm.202400961

Xiaoru Dong, Zhi Yang, Chaoran Xu, Jun Zhao, Juntong Zhu, Haokun Yi, Hui Xu, Zhuo Li

{"title":"Encapsulated Organohydrogel Couplants for Wearable Ultrasounds","authors":"Xiaoru Dong, Zhi Yang, Chaoran Xu, Jun Zhao, Juntong Zhu, Haokun Yi, Hui Xu, Zhuo Li","doi":"10.1002/aelm.202400961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.202400961","url":null,"abstract":"The couplant layer that transmits sound waves to the skin is essential for ultrasound imaging. Conventional liquid-based couplants are unsuitable for wearable detectors, while polymer-based dry couplants often suffer from high acoustic attenuation. Hydrogel-based couplants possess ideal acoustic and mechanical properties; however, water evaporation restricts their application in long-term monitoring. Current strategies to improve water retention, such as encapsulating hydrogels with elastomers, typically overlook the issue of curing shrinkage. This shrinkage induces a wrinkled interface between the elastomer and hydrogel, which can cause scattering and reflection of acoustic waves, thereby compromising ultrasound quality. To address this problem, a prefabricated hydrogel is employed as a template to mitigate the curing shrinkage at the interface. In the meantime, a large amount of glycerol is added to the template to form the organohydrogel, which reduces interactions between polymer chains, further minimizing curing shrinkage and resulting in a smooth interface. Additionally, the glycerol within the organohydrogel, combined with the external encapsulation layer, enhances long-term water retention. The results demonstrate that the prepared couplants maintain stable attenuation coefficients and produce clear imaging over 8 days.","PeriodicalId":110,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Electronic Materials","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143546042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Physical Reservoir Computing for Real-Time Electrocardiogram Arrhythmia Detection Through Controlled Ion Dynamics in Electrochemical Random-Access Memory

IF 6.2 2区材料科学

Advanced Electronic Materials Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.1002/aelm.202400920

Kyumin Lee, Dongmin Kim, Jongseon Seo, Hyunsang Hwang

{"title":"Physical Reservoir Computing for Real-Time Electrocardiogram Arrhythmia Detection Through Controlled Ion Dynamics in Electrochemical Random-Access Memory","authors":"Kyumin Lee, Dongmin Kim, Jongseon Seo, Hyunsang Hwang","doi":"10.1002/aelm.202400920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.202400920","url":null,"abstract":"From the perspective of developing low-power mobile healthcare devices capable of real-time electrogram diagnosis, memristor-based physical reservoir computing (PRC) offers a promising alternative to conventional deep neural network (DNN)-based systems. Here, real-time electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring and arrhythmia detection are demonstrated using electrochemical random-access memory (ECRAM)-based PRC. ECRAM devices provide the millisecond-range temporal resolution required for bio-potential signals like ECG. Through material and process engineering, it is identified that higher ionic conductivity (σion) in the electrolyte layer and lower ionic diffusivity (Dion) in the channel layer are crucial for achieving non-linear dynamics and fading memory characteristics. In addition, LaF3/WOx-based ECRAM exhibits low-power operation (≈300 pW spike−1) with minimal cycle-to-cycle (CTC) variation (<10%). Arrhythmia detection tests confirmed the feasibility of real-time ECG monitoring, achieving a high classification accuracy of 93.04% with a 50-fold reduction in training parameters compared to DNN-based systems. Therefore, the developed LaF3/WOx-based ECRAM with engineering guidelines of ion dynamics makes a significant contribution to mobile healthcare systems for electrogram diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":110,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Electronic Materials","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143538763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Defect Density of States of Tin Oxide and Copper Oxide p-type Thin-film Transistors

IF 6.2 2区材料科学

Advanced Electronic Materials Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1002/aelm.202400929

Måns J. Mattsson, Kham M. Niang, Jared Parker, David J. Meeth, John F. Wager, Andrew J. Flewitt, Matt W. Graham

{"title":"Defect Density of States of Tin Oxide and Copper Oxide p-type Thin-film Transistors","authors":"Måns J. Mattsson, Kham M. Niang, Jared Parker, David J. Meeth, John F. Wager, Andrew J. Flewitt, Matt W. Graham","doi":"10.1002/aelm.202400929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.202400929","url":null,"abstract":"The complete subgap defect density of states (DoS) is measured using the ultrabroadband (0.15 to 3.5 eV) photoconduction response from p-type thin-film transistors (TFTs) of tin oxide, SnO, and copper oxide, Cu2O. The resulting TFT photoconduction spectra clearly resolve bandgaps that show the presence of interfacial and oxidized minority phases. In tin oxide, the SnO majority phase has a small 0.68 eV bandgap enabling ambipolar or p-mode TFT operation. By contrast, in copper oxide TFTs, an oxidized minority phase with a 1.4 eV bandgap corresponding to CuO greatly reduces the channel hole mobility at the charge accumulation region. Three distinct subgap DoS peaks are resolved for the copper oxide TFT and are best ascribed to copper vacancies, oxygen-on-copper antisites, and oxygen interstitials. For tin oxide TFTs, five subgap DoS peaks are observed and are similarly linked to tin vacancies, oxygen vacancies, and oxygen interstitials. To achieve desirable unipolar p-mode TFTs, the conduction band-edge defect density of oxygen interstitials must be sufficiently large to suppress n-mode conduction. In both channel materials, the metal vacancy peak densities near the valence band edge determine the hole concentrations, which then predict the TFT Fermi level energy, observed on-off ratios, and threshold voltages.","PeriodicalId":110,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Electronic Materials","volume":"27 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143538907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vertical Phase Separation in Blended Organic Semiconducting Films and Impact on Their Electrical and Direct X-Ray Detection Properties 混合有机半导体薄膜中的垂直相分离及其对电学和直接 X 射线探测特性的影响

IF 6.2 2区材料科学

Advanced Electronic Materials Pub Date : 2025-03-02 DOI: 10.1002/aelm.202400887

Maria Elisabetta Giglio, Elisabetta Colantoni, Ilaria Fratelli, Carme Martinez-Domingo, Pedro Martinez-Zaragoza, Giulia Napolitano, Enrico Campari, Paolo Branchini, Beatrice Fraboni, Laura Basiricó, Luca Tortora, Marta Mas-Torrent

{"title":"Vertical Phase Separation in Blended Organic Semiconducting Films and Impact on Their Electrical and Direct X-Ray Detection Properties","authors":"Maria Elisabetta Giglio, Elisabetta Colantoni, Ilaria Fratelli, Carme Martinez-Domingo, Pedro Martinez-Zaragoza, Giulia Napolitano, Enrico Campari, Paolo Branchini, Beatrice Fraboni, Laura Basiricó, Luca Tortora, Marta Mas-Torrent","doi":"10.1002/aelm.202400887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.202400887","url":null,"abstract":"Blends of small-molecule organic semiconductors (OSCs) and insulating polymers in Organic Field-Effect Transistors (OFETs) are mainly used to assist the solution-processing of OSCs, but they can also reduce interfacial charge traps due to vertical phase separation. Such charge traps are known to affect both the electrical response and radiation-induced charge collection capability in these devices. This study aims to optimize vertical phase separation in blend films of 1,4,8,11-tetramethyl-6,13-triethylsilylethynyl pentacene (TMTES) and polystyrene (PS) to minimize charge trap density at the semiconductor/dielectric interface, thereby enhancing the electrical performance and direct X-ray detection sensitivity in OFETs. A PS mass concentration of 33% is identified as optimal for achieving high-quality phase separation and favorable film morphology. This formulation led to films with reduced interfacial hole trap density and improved electrical and detection capacity, demonstrating a hole field-effect mobility of (1.3 ± 0.4) cm2 V−1 s−1 and X-ray sensitivity of (5.6 ± 0.2) × 103 µC Gy−1 cm−2 at low applied voltages. Remarkably, the molecular weight of PS does not significantly impact vertical phase separation, thin film morphology, or electrical properties. These findings are crucial for the development of high-performance OFETs and their application as X-ray detectors.","PeriodicalId":110,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Electronic Materials","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143532426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ferroelectric Hafnium Oxide: A Potential Game-Changer for Nanoelectronic Devices and Systems

IF 6.2 2区材料科学

Advanced Electronic Materials Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1002/aelm.202400686

David Lehninger, Franz Müller, Yannick Raffel, Shouzhuo Yang, Markus Neuber, Sukhrob Abdulazhanov, Thomas Kämpfe, Konrad Seidel, Maximilian Lederer

{"title":"Ferroelectric Hafnium Oxide: A Potential Game-Changer for Nanoelectronic Devices and Systems","authors":"David Lehninger, Franz Müller, Yannick Raffel, Shouzhuo Yang, Markus Neuber, Sukhrob Abdulazhanov, Thomas Kämpfe, Konrad Seidel, Maximilian Lederer","doi":"10.1002/aelm.202400686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.202400686","url":null,"abstract":"The discovery of ferroelectricity in hafnium oxide has propelled ferroelectric devices to the forefront of nanoelectronics, offering distinct advantages over alternative technologies. Ferroelectric memories, such as Ferroelectric Random Access Memories (FeRAM) and the Ferroelectric Field Effect Transistor (FeFET), combine non-volatility with high-speed operation and low power consumption, though they contend with specific challenges, including variability and endurance limitations. Meanwhile, piezoelectric and pyroelectric sensors/actuators exploit the capability of ferroelectric materials to interconvert mechanical or thermal energy with electrical signals. These sensors demonstrate exceptional sensitivity, though factors such as material fatigue and temperature stability can impact their performance. Additionally, radio frequency devices, particularly varactors, utilize ferroelectric materials to enable tunable capacitance, enhancing dynamic control. This review assesses the advantages and current challenges across these technologies, offering insights into prospective solutions.","PeriodicalId":110,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Electronic Materials","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143517899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Wireless Technologies for Wearable Electronics: A Review 可穿戴电子设备的无线技术：综述

IF 6.2 2区材料科学

Advanced Electronic Materials Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1002/aelm.202400884

Choong Yeon Kim, Juhyun Lee, Eun Young Jeong, Yeji Jang, Heesoo Kim, Bohyung Choi, Donggi Han, Youngjun Oh, Jae-Woong Jeong

{"title":"Wireless Technologies for Wearable Electronics: A Review","authors":"Choong Yeon Kim, Juhyun Lee, Eun Young Jeong, Yeji Jang, Heesoo Kim, Bohyung Choi, Donggi Han, Youngjun Oh, Jae-Woong Jeong","doi":"10.1002/aelm.202400884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.202400884","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless technologies have profoundly transformed wearable electronics, advancing them from early, wired designs to untethered devices that seamlessly integrate into daily life. The adoption of wireless solutions has unlocked new possibilities, allowing for real-time remote monitoring, enhanced comfort, and greater versatility across diverse settings. These advancements expand the applications of wearable electronics from activity tracking and health monitoring to rehabilitation, human–machine interfaces, and immersive virtual and augmented reality. However, the shift to wireless wearable electronics introduces unique challenges. Unlike traditional tethered systems, wireless wearable electronics must carefully balance power efficiency, communication stability, and user convenience without relying on wired connections. This review examines the recent advancements and challenges in implementing wireless wearable electronics, with a focus on wireless communication and power solutions. It begins by discussing key design considerations for achieving reliable wireless functionality in wearable electronics. Subsequently, it explores wireless communication technologies, ranging from short-range protocols to long-range networks, as well as powering methods, including integrated power sources and energy harvesting technologies. Their diverse applications, particularly in healthcare and interactive systems, are also discussed. Finally, the review highlights major challenges and outlines potential future directions to drive the development of the next generation of wireless wearable electronics.","PeriodicalId":110,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Electronic Materials","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143517897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Harnessing Earth-Abundant Lead-Free Halide Perovskite for Resistive Switching Memory and Neuromorphic Computing

IF 6.2 2区材料科学

Advanced Electronic Materials Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.1002/aelm.202400804

Zijian Feng, Jiyun Kim, Jie Min, Peiyuan Guan, Shuo Zhang, Xinwei Guan, Tingting Mei, Tianxu Huang, Chun-Ho Lin, Long Hu, Fandi Chen, Zhi Li, Jiabao Yi, Tom Wu, Dewei Chu

{"title":"Harnessing Earth-Abundant Lead-Free Halide Perovskite for Resistive Switching Memory and Neuromorphic Computing","authors":"Zijian Feng, Jiyun Kim, Jie Min, Peiyuan Guan, Shuo Zhang, Xinwei Guan, Tingting Mei, Tianxu Huang, Chun-Ho Lin, Long Hu, Fandi Chen, Zhi Li, Jiabao Yi, Tom Wu, Dewei Chu","doi":"10.1002/aelm.202400804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.202400804","url":null,"abstract":"Non-volatile memories are expected to revolutionize a wide range of information technologies, but their manufacturing cost is one of the top concerns researchers must address. This study presents a 1D lead-free halide perovskite K2CuBr3, as a novel material candidate for the resistive switching (RS) devices, which features only earth-abundant elements, K, Cu, and Br. To the knowledge, this material is the first low-dimensional halide perovskite with exceptionally low production costs and minimal environmental impact. Owing to the unique 1D carrier transport along the Cu─Br networks, the K2CuBr3 RS device exhibits excellent bipolar switching behavior, with an On/Off window of 105 and a retention time of over 1000 s. The K2CuBr3 RS devices can also act as artificial synapses to transmit various forms of synaptic plasticities, and their integration into a perceptron artificial neural network can deliver a high algorithm accuracy of 93% for image recognition. Overall, this study underscores the promising attributes of K2CuBr3 for the future development of memory storage and neuromorphic computing, leveraging its distinct material properties and economic benefits.","PeriodicalId":110,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Electronic Materials","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143495428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Machine Learning‐Driven Surrogate Modeling for Optimization of Triboelectric Nanogenerator Design Parameters

IF 6.2 2区材料科学

Advanced Electronic Materials Pub Date : 2025-02-22 DOI: 10.1002/aelm.202400771

Mohammad Abrar Uddin, Myeongju Lim, Rubiga Kim, Barrett London Burgess, Ken Roberts, Junghyun Kim, Taeil Kim

{"title":"Machine Learning‐Driven Surrogate Modeling for Optimization of Triboelectric Nanogenerator Design Parameters","authors":"Mohammad Abrar Uddin, Myeongju Lim, Rubiga Kim, Barrett London Burgess, Ken Roberts, Junghyun Kim, Taeil Kim","doi":"10.1002/aelm.202400771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.202400771","url":null,"abstract":"Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) offer a promising solution for energy harvesting in wearable devices and sensors. However, their energy output is dependent on process parameters and should be optimized to maximize performance. Due to the absence of effective analytical models for TENG systems, the complex relationship among these variables and the effect of these variables cannot be easily boiled down into a conventional theoretical framework. To address this problem, this study takes four process parameters such as thickness, pore ratio, applied force, and frequency into account and leverages advanced design methods (e.g., Design of Experiment) and machine learning‐based regression models to systematically explore the design space. A contact‐separation TENG has been designed that includes a tribonegative porous layer of graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) dispersed into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix and aluminum as the tribopositive material. Several experiments are conducted to train a support vector regressor (SVR) model, validate the predicted performance, and refine the design that can be further used to obtain an optimized TENG design.","PeriodicalId":110,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Electronic Materials","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143473406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0