Applied Composite Materials最新文献

{"title":"Correction: Drop-Weight Impact of Composite Laminates: Modelling the Effect of a Round-Nosed Versus a Flat-Ended Impactor","authors":"Yuzhe Ding, Michael S. Johnson, Jun Liu, James Dear, Jiaqi Li, Haibao Liu, Anthony J. Kinloch, John P. Dear","doi":"10.1007/s10443-025-10323-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10443-025-10323-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":468,"journal":{"name":"Applied Composite Materials","volume":"32 3","pages":"815 - 815"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10443-025-10323-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drop-Weight Impact of Composite Laminates: Modelling the Effect of a Round-Nosed Versus a Flat-Ended Impactor","authors":"Yuzhe Ding,&nbsp;Michael S. Johnson,&nbsp;Jun Liu,&nbsp;James Dear,&nbsp;Jiaqi Li,&nbsp;Haibao Liu,&nbsp;Anthony J. Kinloch,&nbsp;John P. Dear","doi":"10.1007/s10443-025-10315-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10443-025-10315-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present study investigates the effect of the impactor geometry on the impact performance, at relatively high impact energies, of carbon fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminates with a cross-ply configuration of [0₂/90₂], which were manufactured using unidirectional (UD) carbon-fibre epoxy-matrix plies. Drop-weight impact tests were performed using both round-nosed and flat-ended rigid impactors. White light interferometry (WLI), ultrasonic C-scan and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed to assess the relationship between the indentation profile, the delamination footprint and the fracture morphology along the fracture plane. This study focusses on the coupling between the extent of indentation, the loading responses and the associated damage caused in the CFRP. This damage involved both intralaminar damage, including matrix cracking and fibre-kinking and fracture, and interlaminar, i.e. delamination, damage. This paper studies in more detail the finding that the flat-ended impactor only caused significant damage to the CFRP panel when an impact energy of 25 J and above was attained, which was previously observed by Y. Ding. J. Liu, Z.E.C. Hall. R.A. Brooks, H. Liu, A.J. Kinloch and J.P. Dear, “Damage and energy absorption behaviour of composite laminates under impact loading using different impactor geometries”, Composite Structures <b>321</b> (2023) 117259. At an impact energy of 25 J, a compressive kink-band fracture plane occurred around the periphery of the flat-ended impactor near the front surface of the laminate. A previously published numerical model has been extended to account for these experimental observations. The modelling accurately predicts the damage features observed for the two types of impactor geometry with indentation playing a significant role on the threshold for damage and the distribution of damage.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":468,"journal":{"name":"Applied Composite Materials","volume":"32 3","pages":"791 - 814"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10443-025-10315-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-Precision Constitutive Modeling of CMC Interphase Under Thermo-Chemo-Mechanical Conditions Based on Molecular Simulation and Machine Learning","authors":"Yixin Chen,&nbsp;Shaohua Chen,&nbsp;Shiyao Li,&nbsp;Chao You,&nbsp;Tao Wu,&nbsp;Fang Wang,&nbsp;Nuo Xu,&nbsp;Xiguang Gao,&nbsp;Yingdong Song","doi":"10.1007/s10443-025-10317-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10443-025-10317-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ceramic matrix composite (CMC) is emerging as a leading candidate for next-generation aeronautical materials. While ceramics are brittle, CMCs demonstrate improved toughness thanks to the matrix-fiber interphase, which deflects crack propagation. To date, accurately predicting the mechanical behavior of the CMC interphase under complex thermo-chemo-mechanical conditions remains a major challenge. In this context, we introduce an AI-based generative framework that directly generates highly accurate strain–stress relations for the CMC interphase based on measurements of temperature, oxidation state, and strain rate. The model combines an unsupervised autoencoder, which learns the key features of the strain–stress relation, with a multilayer feed-forward neural network that maps loading conditions to these features. Pre-trained by extensive molecular dynamics simulations and calibrated with minimal experimental data, the model is thoroughly validated through push-in tests of single-fiber composites and tensile tests of unidirectional fiber-bundle composites, demonstrating satisfactory accuracy. The primary application of this AI-based method is to evaluate the mechanical performance of the CMC interphase directly from easily measurable loading conditions, bypassing the need for microstructure. This approach offers an efficient solution for load design and health monitoring of ceramic matrix composite structures.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":468,"journal":{"name":"Applied Composite Materials","volume":"32 3","pages":"971 - 993"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal Frontal Polymerization in Polymer Composites: Numerical Simulation and the Role of Fe3O4 Nanoparticle Fillers","authors":"Margit Lang,&nbsp;Christoph Schmidleitner,&nbsp;Venu Prakash Kasinikota,&nbsp;Elisabeth Rossegger","doi":"10.1007/s10443-025-10309-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10443-025-10309-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Recently Thermal Frontal Polymerization (TFP) has emerged as a low-energy alternative, that enables rapid and energy-efficient manufacturing of composites. Thus, compared to conventional processes, this innovative curing and polymerization process exhibits improved efficiency and reduced environmental impact and provides a promising strategy to address sustainability challenges. However, successful TFP requires a delicate balance of reaction rates, exothermicity, and efficient heat transport into unpolymerized media while minimizing heat losses to the surroundings. In this context, sustaining TFP of polymers reinforced with highly conductive fillers is challenging due to the increased energy dissipation and reduced availability of exothermic energy as the filler content increases at the cost of resin volume. In this work, a numerical study of the TFP based manufacturing of Bisphenol A Diglycidyl Ether (BADGE) filled with Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles is presented. The simulation provides insight into the thermo-chemical process and into the impact of different particle filling degrees on the key characteristics of TFP, i.e., maximum attainable degree of cure, maximum temperature, front shape, and front speed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":468,"journal":{"name":"Applied Composite Materials","volume":"32 3","pages":"1025 - 1045"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10443-025-10309-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forming of Hybrid (CF UD Prepreg - Advanced SMC) Composite Layups","authors":"Abhik Dutta,&nbsp;Maxime Thibault,&nbsp;Malin Åkermo","doi":"10.1007/s10443-025-10314-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10443-025-10314-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Combining continuous unidirectional (UD) prepreg and advanced discontinuous long fiber-based sheet moulding compound (ASMC) in a hybrid component is advantageous for applications where cost and environmental impact of the manufactured part are of significance. Previous works have focused on the flow/compaction of ASMC and its interaction with continuous fibres at high pressures. However, little is known about the forming behaviour of such layups. This work investigates the formability of hybrid carbon fibre UD-ASMC composite layups. The deformation mechanisms during forming and their interactions are investigated experimentally. Forming simulations are conducted alongside experimental tests under varying layup configurations. The results show that the hybrid layup combinations investigated exhibited poor forming characteristics. This was due to the high interply friction properties of the UD-ASMC interface, which, in turn, restricted the intraply shear of the hybrid stack. A strong correlation between the numerically predicted forming outcomes and experimentally formed parts demonstrates that generic FE-solvers can provide a first estimate of the forming outcome when coupled with a good understanding of the underlying deformation mechanisms. However, these methods are computationally expensive and are better suited for detailed evaluations rather than for use in design applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":468,"journal":{"name":"Applied Composite Materials","volume":"32 3","pages":"1073 - 1108"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10443-025-10314-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal Characterization of Polyester Resin Composites Loaded with Graphite Rod-like Inclusions Using Front-Face Laser-Flash Thermography","authors":"J. A. Aguilar-Jimenez,&nbsp;N. W. Pech-May,&nbsp;I. Y. Forero-Sandoval,&nbsp;J. J. Alvarado-Gil,&nbsp;F. Cervantes-Alvarez","doi":"10.1007/s10443-025-10313-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10443-025-10313-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>One of the most challenging aspects in the manufacture of composite materials is understanding how the geometry and distribution of the inclusions influence their thermal and mechanical properties. In this study, we report the longitudinal thermal properties of vertically aligned graphite rods embedded in a polymer matrix with various geometric arrangements: circular, polygonal, and rectangular. The thermal diffusivity was measured using the front-face laser-flash thermography technique, which provided images of the heating-cooling process from the sample surface. As a first insight, we analyze thermal transport by following the evolution of the thermograms of all the samples’ surfaces and applying a conventional approach. Additionally, we analyze the thermograms in specific regions based on the rods’ distribution geometry to determine the effective thermal properties in each area, which can be directly linked to the graphite rod content. This approach demonstrates how the distribution of the rods significantly influences the heat transport properties. To deepen our understanding, we propose a modified Nan’s model by considering a variation in the geometrical shape factor. Our findings contribute to the development of composites with adjustable thermal properties and offer practical insights for designing systems for thermal management, highlighting the direct applicability of this research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":468,"journal":{"name":"Applied Composite Materials","volume":"32 3","pages":"937 - 954"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Improved Method for Predicting Stress-Oxidation Deformation and Lifetime of SiC/SiC Composite and Experimental Verification","authors":"Xiao Han,&nbsp;Xihui Chen,&nbsp;Shen Zhang,&nbsp;Zhigang Sun,&nbsp;Xuming Niu,&nbsp;Xiguang Gao,&nbsp;Yingdong Song","doi":"10.1007/s10443-025-10312-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10443-025-10312-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The stress-oxidation behavior of SiC/SiC mini-composites was investigated in this paper. The deformation and lifetime of composites under varying temperatures and loads were measured using a self-constructed stress-oxidation experimental system. The functional relationship between the average matrix crack spacing and stress, matrix crack width, and interface consumption length was established, and the stress-oxidation kinetics model with matrix cracks was revised. Based on this, a creep-oxidation lifetime model was developed, considering the impacts of high temperature and oxidation on stress distribution and component strength degradation. The total strain and failure time of composites were predicted and compared with experimental results, with the simulation error for failure strain within 9% and the error for lifetime prediction within 28%. The proposed improved model considers the evolution of matrix cracks during the stress-oxidation process and their influence on the deformation and lifetime of the composites.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":468,"journal":{"name":"Applied Composite Materials","volume":"32 3","pages":"995 - 1023"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Induction Heating of CFRP Based on Macro-Microscopic Combination of Dynamic Superposition Magnetic Fields","authors":"Tianyu Fu,&nbsp;Qinghua Song,&nbsp;Xinmin Shi,&nbsp;Delong Jiang","doi":"10.1007/s10443-025-10310-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10443-025-10310-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To apply induction heating to CFRP curing and molding, this paper proposes a finite element analysis method based on dynamically superimposed coupled magnetic fields and a macro–micro coupling mechanism. This method reveals the impact of various component properties and structures on heating and heat transfer, analyzes the coupling between the dynamically superimposed magnetic field and the changes in multiple physical fields during heating, and simulates the improvement in temperature field uniformity. Experimental results confirm that this heating method effectively improves temperature field uniformity and achieves CFRP curing and molding. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed induction heating mode in improving temperature field uniformity. Around 200 s of heating, the temperature field uniformity at local positions of the material gradually improves, especially within the effective area corresponding to the coil, showing a significant enhancement in uniformity. CFRP curing and forming are successfully achieved under this heating mode.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":468,"journal":{"name":"Applied Composite Materials","volume":"32 3","pages":"1047 - 1072"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal Degradation and Decomposition of FR4 Laminate PCB Substrates Joined by Friction Riveting","authors":"Camila F. Rodrigues,&nbsp;Lucian Blaga,&nbsp;Benjamin Klusemann","doi":"10.1007/s10443-025-10308-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10443-025-10308-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the thermal degradation and chemical transformations of friction-riveted glass fiber-reinforced epoxy laminate (FR4) printed circuit boards (PCBs) with different copper configurations. The primary objective is to identify the critical degradation temperatures and the impact of copper layers on joint integrity and thermal stability. Cross-sectional analyses revealed that joints produced at 250 °C exhibited minimal rivet deformation, while those at 360 °C showed significant deformation and increased epoxy degradation. Thermal analyses, including Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), identified critical degradation temperatures at 327 °C for FR4-I Cu with a single copper layer and 329 °C for FR4-II Cu with double copper layers. The presence of the additional copper layer in FR4-II Cu significantly improved thermal stability, with total mass loss reduced from 29.8% (FR4-I Cu) to 23.5% (FR4-II Cu) at a heating rate of 20 °C/min. The loss of flame-retardant components at elevated temperatures raises concerns for the fire safety of PCBs in electronic devices. These findings highlight the importance of selecting appropriate FR4 configurations for applications exposed to high temperatures, enhancing reliability and safety in the electronics industry.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":468,"journal":{"name":"Applied Composite Materials","volume":"32 3","pages":"879 - 893"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10443-025-10308-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tensile-Compressive Asymmetric Mechanical Properties and Constitutive Model of HTPB Propellant","authors":"Pai Peng,&nbsp;Zijian Fan,&nbsp;Peng Yu,&nbsp;Zhibin Shen","doi":"10.1007/s10443-025-10305-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10443-025-10305-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The solid propellant is a particle-reinforced material with significant tension-compression asymmetry. Based on the constant-speed tensile test, constant-speed compression test, and cross-sectional SEM scanning test, this study investigated the differences in the mechanical properties of the HTPB propellant under tensile and compressive loading and the underlying mechanisms. The results show that the tensile strength of HTPB propellant is much smaller than compressive strength. According to the SEM test results of the failure surface, the tensile mechanical properties of the propellant are mainly affected by matrix, and the influence of particles on the mechanical properties is more obvious during the compression process. According to test data, a tension-compression integrated nonlinear constitutive model was constructed, and its application in simulation calculation was realized. The results show that the theoretical, simulation calculation and test results are in good agreement. At 15% strain, the maximum error between the theoretical results and the experimental curve is 9.1% and 4.8% respectively in the process of tension and compression. Therefore, the model can accurately describe the stress-strain relationship of HTPB propellant under different strain rates of tensile and compression. This model can provide theoretical support for accurately evaluating the structural integrity of SRMs.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":468,"journal":{"name":"Applied Composite Materials","volume":"32 3","pages":"1183 - 1196"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}