Yazhong Wang, Shuaiqi Li, Yijun Huang, Lu Hao, Zhaohong Tan, Johannes Benduhn, Fei Huang
{"title":"Photomultiplication‐Type Organic Photodetectors: Mechanisms, Integration Toward Next‐Generation Sensing Platforms","authors":"Yazhong Wang, Shuaiqi Li, Yijun Huang, Lu Hao, Zhaohong Tan, Johannes Benduhn, Fei Huang","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202518958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202518958","url":null,"abstract":"Photomultiplication‐type organic photodetectors (PM‐OPDs) have garnered considerable attention for their ability to provide high sensitivity and tunable spectral response, positioning them as promising candidates for next‐generation optoelectronic applications. These detectors leverage internal gain mechanisms, enabling external quantum efficiencies (EQE) surpassing the traditional limit of 100%. This review systematically explores the operational principles of PM‐OPDs, focusing on charge carrier dynamics, with an emphasis on trapping mechanisms, and highlights the latest advancements in materials and device architectures. Key areas of exploration include bulk heterojunction traps, interface‐induced carrier trapping, and the role of carrier‐blocking layers in enhancing device performance. Functionalized PM‐OPDs, including narrowband, dual‐band, and dual‐mode, are discussed, emphasizing their innovative designs for spectral selectivity and operational versatility. Moreover, the application potential of PM‐OPDs is explored across various domains, including bio‐sensing, low‐light imaging, optical communication, and miniaturized spectroscopy. Despite their promise, challenges related to noise performance, response speed, operating voltage, and long‐term stability are remaining barriers. The outlook suggests continued advancements in material engineering, device optimization, and integration with flexible platforms. This review serves as a comprehensive guide to the current state of PM‐OPDs and identifies future research directions to address the existing limitations and unlock new opportunities for their application scenarios.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":"9 16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145017409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ruiqi Zhao, Xushuai Chen, Xi Chen, Panpan Zhang, Chunjia Luo, Min Chao, Luke Yan
{"title":"Synergistic Photothermal‐Photocatalytic Accordion‐Like Mo2AlB2 MBene Membrane for High‐Efficiency Solar‐Powered Water Remediation","authors":"Ruiqi Zhao, Xushuai Chen, Xi Chen, Panpan Zhang, Chunjia Luo, Min Chao, Luke Yan","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202518856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202518856","url":null,"abstract":"Addressing the global freshwater crisis demands advanced solutions where solar‐driven interfacial evaporation (SDIE) shows promise, yet integrated photothermal‐photocatalytic synergy within a single platform remains fundamentally challenging. An accordion‐like Mo<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>AlB<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> MBene is pioneered and engineered into a crosslinked MBene/Polyvinylachohol (PVA)/meso‐tetra (4‐carboxyphenyl) porphyrin (TCPP) composite membrane (MPTM) that synergistically unifies solar harvesting and catalytic degradation. This architecture leverages accordion‐like MBene nanosheets and interfacial porphyrin coordination to establish a dynamic hydrophilic network with exceptional broadband absorption (93.3% average, 200–2500 nm). Through Schottky junction formation and charge redistribution, the system achieves unprecedented solar evaporation rates (2.24 kg m<jats:sup>−</jats:sup><jats:sup>2</jats:sup> h<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> under 1 sun) while concurrently generating reactive oxygen species (•OH/•O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub><jats:sup>−</jats:sup>) that degrade 98.7% organic pollutants (10 ppm rhodamine B) in 2 h. The MPTM sustains > 85% evaporation efficiency during long‐term stability operation (Bohai seawater, 200 h) with < 4% efficiency decay, establishing a new paradigm for solar‐powered water purification.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145017333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dual Regulation of Bulk Heterostructure and Engineered Cathode‐Electrolyte Interphase in Vanadium Cathodes for Durable Zinc Storage","authors":"Dapeng Wang, Chang Wen, Tianyu Liu, Yuting Wu, Yibing Wei, Jing Tu, Guangyue Zhu, Zijian Zhou, Zhengkai Tu","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202518162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202518162","url":null,"abstract":"Vanadium‐based cathodes for aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs) face critical challenges in practical capacity and low‐current‐density cycling stability. Herein, a synergistic strategy is introduced that overcomes these limitations through the co‐engineering of an activatable bulk precursor and a dynamic in situ‐formed interface. A porous, V<jats:sup>3+</jats:sup>‐rich 0.3CaV<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O<jats:sub>4</jats:sub>‐0.7V<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> heterostructure (CaVO‐4) specifically designed to undergo a profound in situ electrochemical activation into highly active phases is first constructed. Concurrently, by leveraging supplemental SO<jats:sub>4</jats:sub><jats:sup>2−</jats:sup> in the electrolyte, a stable CaSO<jats:sub>4</jats:sub>·2H<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O cathode‐electrolyte interphase (CEI) layer is formed in situ via reaction with Ca<jats:sup>2+</jats:sup> released during cycling. By serving a dual role, the CEI ensures structural durability and simultaneously enables the intrinsic kinetics of the bulk. This “bulk‐to‐interface” synergy manifests in electrochemical performance, including 89.3% capacity retention over 300 cycles at 0.5 A g<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>, an extraordinary rate capability of 424.4 mAh g<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> at 20 A g<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>, and a high specific capacity of 479.2 mAh g<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> at 0.2 A g<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>. Advanced characterizations, including in situ XRD and ex situ XPS/XAFS, combined with DFT calculations, unravel the synergistic mechanisms underpinning the enhanced Zn<jats:sup>2+</jats:sup> storage. This work pioneers a paradigm that unites rational bulk activation with interfacial self‐optimization, providing a strategy for durable, high‐performance cathodes in advanced energy storage.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145017285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pengcheng Wang, Jin Tan, Zhenfang Liu, Cheng Wang, Chenguang Bao, Xiaohong Xia, Baohua Li, Qi Liu
{"title":"Accelerated 3D Percolation Network for Ultra‐High Critical Current Density of Composite Solid‐State Electrolyte","authors":"Pengcheng Wang, Jin Tan, Zhenfang Liu, Cheng Wang, Chenguang Bao, Xiaohong Xia, Baohua Li, Qi Liu","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202512441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202512441","url":null,"abstract":"Solid‐state batteries (SSBs) have attracted widespread attention due to their high safety and energy density. However, the sluggish ion transport and interfacial instability of solid‐state electrolytes has emerged as fundamental barriers in practical applications, resulting in the unsatisfied critical current density (CCD< 2 mA cm<jats:sup>−2</jats:sup>). Herein, a high‐flux 3D percolating composite polymer electrolyte (P‐CPE) is proposed, fabricated through in situ polymerization of a localized high‐concentration gel polymer electrolyte (LHCE‐GPE) integrating within a free‐standing porous Li<jats:sub>1.3</jats:sub>Al<jats:sub>0.3</jats:sub>Ti<jats:sub>1.7</jats:sub>(PO<jats:sub>4</jats:sub>)<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> (LATP) skeleton. Such P‐CPE electrolyte enables the fast Li<jats:sup>+</jats:sup> flux along the continuous LATP and LATP/GPE interface to achieve a fantastic conductivity of 1.36 × 10<jats:sup>−3</jats:sup> S cm<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> and LiF‐rich solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) chemistry for robust Li|P‐CPE interfacial stability. Consequently, the as‐assembled Li||Li symmetrical cells demonstrate a recorded CCD exceeding 4.5 mA cm<jats:sup>−2</jats:sup> and durable long‐term stability over 3000 h at 0.2 mA cm<jats:sup>−2</jats:sup> and as well as stable rate‐cycling even under a larger current density over 3 mA cm<jats:sup>−2</jats:sup>, highly surpassing the controlled one (0.5 mA cm<jats:sup>−2</jats:sup>). This work thereby provides a highly promising strategy to high‐flux composite electrolytes designing to boost practical dendrite‐free SSBs.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145017330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Rise of Hydrogel‐Based Moist‐Induced Electric Generators: Comprehensive Review and Future Directions","authors":"Kunlin Qin, Xian Wen, Zhaoyang Sun, Qun Zhou, Liming Wang, Dongxiao Ji, Xiaohong Qin","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202514780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202514780","url":null,"abstract":"Moisture‐induced electricity generation as an emerging technology can harvest clean and renewable energy from ubiquitous atmospheric moisture, offering promising solutions to alleviate the global energy crisis. Among the various functional materials explored, hydrogels have emerged as highly promising candidate for constructing high‐performance hydrogel‐based moist‐induced electric generators (HMEGs), due to their superior water absorption, outstanding mechanical flexibility, and adjustable physicochemical properties. However, a comprehensive understanding of the underlying material design principles, performance optimization strategies, and practical applications remains lacking. In this review, the fundamental working mechanisms and relevant development of HMEGs are first briefed, followed by current system classifications based on composition and structural characteristics. Next, efficient strategies to improve energy conversion efficiency and output power of HMEGs through rational material engineering, electrode design, and synergistic energy harvesting approaches are summarized. Moreover, representative applications of advanced HMEGs, including self‐powered electronics, sensors, and information displays are presented. Finally, the existing challenges and the perspective of HMEGs are proposed for potential new developments of this emerging technology.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145017329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"NIR‐Inducible Pyroelectric Nanocomposite Membrane Promotes Macrophage Reprogramming for Superior Bone Regeneration","authors":"Yusi Guo, Yijun Wang, Yaru Guo, Xiaohan Dai, Minzheng Yang, Dingxin Wang, Ruining Jiang, Youde Liang, Qun Cui, Xiaona Zheng, Jia Song, Yanhui Lu, Yingying Zhou, Boon Chin Heng, Xuehui Zhang","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202502329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202502329","url":null,"abstract":"Electroactive materials have demonstrated positive efficacy in facilitating bone repair, but often fail to dynamically adapt to complex and variable immune responses within the bone defect microenvironment, leading to unsatisfactory repair outcomes. Here, a dynamic and non‐invasive osteo‐immunomodulatory strategy based on electrothermal synergistic effects is developed. By utilizing the photothermal absorption property of polydopamine, PDA@BTO/P(VDF‐TrFE) nanocomposite membranes can be heated by near‐infrared (NIR) irradiation and maintained at 41 °C. Simultaneously, the temperature increase also releases polarized charges due to pyroelectric effects on the nanocomposite membrane. These induce stage‐specific M1 or M2 polarization during the early phases of bone regeneration on days 2 and 7, respectively, thereby enhancing new bone formation in a rat calvarial defect model via the HSP70/AKT‐NF‐κB signaling pathway. Hence, the effective synergy of the photothermal and pyroelectric effects through NIR irradiation of PDA@BTO/P(VDF‐TrFE) nanocomposite membranes is able to exert a positive immunomodulatory effect on macrophages for superior bone repair. This remote, non‐invasive, long‐acting, and controllable strategy represents a novel clinical approach for bone immunomodulation and regeneration.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145017332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}