Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research最新文献

{"title":"Overcoming Polyatomic Interferences in Sulfur Isotope Measurement Using MC-ICP-MS","authors":"Yang Yu,&nbsp;Patrick Sugden,&nbsp;Robert C. J. Steele,&nbsp;Mohammad Nuruzzama,&nbsp;Andrea Burke","doi":"10.1111/ggr.70019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ggr.70019","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Accurate and precise sulfur isotope (³²S, ³³S and ³⁴S) measurement using multi-collector inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) is often challenged by the formation of polyatomic ions, leading to isobaric interferences that overlap with sulfur isotopes of interest. Traditionally, high-resolution mode is required to resolve sulfur isotopes from these interferences, but achieving high resolving power typically comes with a substantial reduction in analyte sensitivity. In this study, we address the challenge of spectral interferences by adjusting plasma operating conditions (quantified using the Normalised Argon Index, NAI), thereby significantly mitigating the formation of polyatomic ions. As a result, δ³⁴S and δ³³S can be accurately measured at the peak centre in low-resolution mode. The use of low-resolution mode leads to an approximately threefold increase in sensitivity compared with conventional high-resolution measurement. This sensitivity improvement is particularly advantageous for analysing samples with low sulfur mass fractions, or where sample material is limited such as ice cores. In addition, the optimised plasma condition provides a predictable pattern of instrumental mass fractionation, which is essential for accurate mass bias correction using the standard-sample bracketing technique. Overall, our new approach simplifies the analytical workflow and minimises instrument wear, offering a sensitive, user-friendly, and high-throughput method for sulfur isotope measurement with MC-ICP-MS.</p>","PeriodicalId":12631,"journal":{"name":"Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research","volume":"50 1","pages":"85-95"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ggr.70019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147563676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GGR Handbook of Rock and Mineral Analysis Chapter 2 (Part 2) Analysis of Geological Materials – 2: Pre-Concentration and Separation Procedures","authors":"Philip Robinson","doi":"10.1111/ggr.70038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ggr.70038","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This chapter (Analysis of Geological Materials – 2: Pre-Concentration and Separation Procedures) is a contribution to the <i>Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research Handbook of Rock and Mineral Analysis</i> – an online textbook that is a fully revised and updated edition of <i>A Handbook of Silicate Rock Analysis</i> (P. J. Potts, 1987, Blackie, Glasgow).</p><p>In Chapter 2, Part 2 (from Section 1 of the handbook dealing with fundamentals of measurement and instrument design) the principles and procedures of ion exchange chromatographic techniques and processes are first examined followed by a review of their application to isotope measurement by TIMS and MC-ICP-MS for radiogenic and stable isotope systems. Determination of platinum-group and rare earth elements by ICP-MS is also covered. Following this, liquid-liquid (solvent) extraction and extraction chromatography are examined, including a review of EXC resins in the analysis of silicate materials. Part 2 Chapter 2 concludes with a treatment of coprecipitation and vapour generation (for hydrides, mercury and osmium).</p>","PeriodicalId":12631,"journal":{"name":"Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research","volume":"50 1","pages":"5-64"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147567537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploration of a Combined LIBS and LA-ICP-MS Approach for Apatite Characterisation","authors":"C. Derrick Quarles Jr.,&nbsp;Benjamin T. Manard,&nbsp;N. Alex Zirakparvar,&nbsp;Joe Petrus,&nbsp;Bence Paul,&nbsp;David Douglas,&nbsp;Andy Gleadow,&nbsp;Barry Kohn,&nbsp;Samuel Boone,&nbsp;Ling Chung,&nbsp;Malcolm McMillan,&nbsp;Gokce K. Ustunisik,&nbsp;Francis M. McCubbin","doi":"10.1111/ggr.70021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ggr.70021","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A combined laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) method is demonstrated for comprehensive apatite analysis. These measurements provide elemental imaging that can be used as a screening technique for chemical selection of grains for subsequent analysis (e.g., U-Pb geochronology) or can be used to understand elemental distributions within a single grain that would have direct textural-chemical implications (e.g., zoning patterns). Adding LIBS as a simultaneous measurement, to LA-ICP-MS U-Pb geochronology, allowed for the direct determination of F (H and O show promise for future applications) in addition to major and trace elements of interest. The quantitative measurements were validated against a series of apatites with known values and used to characterise a wide range of samples. Fluorine detection limits were determined to be as low as 70 μg g^-1 F (broadband CMOS detector) and 4.2 μg g^-1 F (ICCD detector). U-Pb age dating was simultaneously collected by LA-ICP-MS with the quantitative elemental data from LIBS, providing a comprehensive method for geochronology.</p>","PeriodicalId":12631,"journal":{"name":"Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research","volume":"50 1","pages":"67-83"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147565931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Six Ca-Mg-Fe Carbonate Reference Materials for In Situ Measurement of Oxygen and Carbon Isotope Ratios","authors":"Maria Rosa Scicchitano,&nbsp;Chris Harris,&nbsp;Julie Luyt,&nbsp;Andreas Pack,&nbsp;Tommaso di Rocco,&nbsp;Torsten Vennemann,&nbsp;Franziska D.H. Wilke,&nbsp;Anja M. Schleicher,&nbsp;Johannes Glodny,&nbsp;Kimberly T. Tait,&nbsp;Simon Philippo","doi":"10.1111/ggr.70031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ggr.70031","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Six potential Ca-Mg-Fe carbonate reference materials were assessed for oxygen and carbon isotope ratios homogeneity by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). This new suite includes three dolomites (Tucka-22, M9548.2, Eugui) and one ankerite (WPA-177-2) with Fe# ranging from 0.0004 to 0.3429, one magnesite (M21350.2) with Fe# = 0.0099 and one siderite (Vizille-1) with Fe# = 0.6152. The six materials were split into 128 to 2048 metrologically identical aliquots, each containing roughly 100 mg of sample. In this study, we report a detailed characterisation of the split materials for their major and minor chemical element compositions using electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), mineralogical compositions using X-ray diffraction (XRD), oxygen and carbon isotope values determined in three independent gas-source isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GS-IRMS) laboratories. The repeatability of our SIMS measurements varied from ± 0.15 to ± 0.31‰ (1 standard deviation, 1<i>s</i>) for δ¹⁸O and from ± 0.29 to ± 0.71‰ (1<i>s</i>) for δ¹³C. These six carbonate samples span a wide range in oxygen (δ¹⁸O_VSMOW from 12.98 ± 0.09‰ to 26.92 ± 0.11‰, 1 standard error of the mean, 1SE) and carbon (δ¹³C_VPDB from -11.74 ± 0.20‰ to 2.43 ± 0.06‰, 1SE) isotope ratios. Significant SIMS compositional matrix effects of +6.7‰ (for δ¹⁸O) and -3.2‰ (for δ¹³C) were observed along the dolomite-ankerite solid-solution series in the compositional range Fe# = 0.0004 to 0.3429. Similarly, large compositional matrix effects of +4.2‰ and -9.5‰ were observed for δ¹⁸O and δ¹³C, respectively, along the magnesite-siderite solid-solution series. This confirms the need for multiple matrix-matched reference materials spanning across a wide range in chemical compositions in order to get accurate SIMS isotope ratios in carbonate minerals that form solid-solutions. The Ca-Mg-Fe carbonate reference materials described in this study were produced in sufficient amounts to be available to the global geochemical community for years to come.</p>","PeriodicalId":12631,"journal":{"name":"Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research","volume":"50 1","pages":"155-179"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ggr.70031","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147567522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Laser-Laser Method for In Situ C and O Isotope Measurements in Carbonate Materials","authors":"Alban Petitjean,&nbsp;Olivier Musset,&nbsp;Pierre Sansjofre,&nbsp;Christophe Thomazo","doi":"10.1111/ggr.70023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ggr.70023","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A portable device was developed to produce CO₂ through laser-induced calcination of carbonates that can be paired with a commercial field-deployable isotope ratio mass spectrometer. This new set-up allows for direct measurements of carbon (δ¹³C) and oxygen (δ¹⁸O) isotope ratios of carbonates under field conditions. The set-up was designed with a pistol-form handset and backpack for ease of handling by a single operator in the field. We demonstrate how the sampling prototype circumvents the steps of sample collection, grinding, drying and acid digestion by directly producing CO₂ from a raw rock sample in conditions that are representative of fieldwork. The CO₂ evolved using our new device was isotopically measured off-site, using an isotope-ratio infrared spectrometer and the results were compared with those from a classical preparation that used acid digestion. Different ways to achieve the necessary threshold of CO₂ concentration for subsequent isotope measurements are discussed. Overall, we demonstrate that this laser portable calcination device allows for isotope measurements after a minimal conversion of 32 mg of carbonate material with an uncertainty at 1<i>s</i> of 0.41 and 0.68‰ for δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O, respectively. The comparison with measurements performed after acid digestion shows that the uncertainty in the preparation technique is 0.01 and 0.03‰ for δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O, respectively. Overall, the laser-induced calcination portable device offers an avenue for fast, accurate and remote measurements of carbonate isotope ratios, but field specific challenges such as the water content of samples also need to be considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":12631,"journal":{"name":"Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research","volume":"50 1","pages":"97-113"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147567682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RioM-1: A New Calcite Reference Material for U-Pb LA-ICP-MS Geochronology","authors":"Marco Silva,&nbsp;Cristiano Lana,&nbsp;Ricardo Scholz,&nbsp;Ian Buick,&nbsp;Sandra Kamo,&nbsp;Nick M.W. Roberts,&nbsp;Axel Gerdes,&nbsp;Michael Wiedenbeck,&nbsp;Blair Schoene,&nbsp;Francisco E. Apen,&nbsp;Sean P. Gaynor","doi":"10.1111/ggr.70018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ggr.70018","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Determining absolute ages of carbonate diagenesis, faulting, fossil formation, speleothem growth, carbonate-hosted hydrocarbon deposits, vein mineralisation and hydrothermal alteration has become increasingly accessible through LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating of calcite, complementing traditional isotope dilution methods still applicable to certain materials (e.g., speleothems via micro-drilling). However, well-calibrated reference materials for LA-ICP-MS calcite geochronology remain scarce. Here, we characterise the Rio Maior calcite, designated ‘RioM-1’, as a potential reference material for U-Pb dating by LA-ICP-MS. Fragments (0.1 to 1 cm³) from a single scalenohedral crystal were analysed by ID-TIMS (U-Pb), LA-ICP-MS (U-Pb and ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr), and SIMS (O isotopes). RioM-1 displays high U mass fraction and low, though variable, proportions of common Pb. Combined ID-TIMS analyses from two independent laboratories yielded a Tera-Wasserburg lower intercept date of 63.93 ± 0.11 Ma (2<i>s</i>, MSWD = 1.3, <i>n</i> = 16). LA-ICP-MS U-Pb data from three independent laboratories are concordant with the TIMS age, producing a pooled date of 64.10 ± 0.12/1.2 Ma (2<i>s</i>, MSWD = 7.7, <i>n</i> = 708) and an initial ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb ratio of 0.85 ± 0.01. Other calcite reference materials, when normalised to RioM-1, yielded dates within uncertainty of their published values. SIMS measurements returned a mean ¹⁸O/¹⁶O of 0.002044450 ± 181 (1<i>s</i>) and δ¹⁸O_SMOW of 19.57 ± 0.92‰ (1<i>s</i>), while LA-ICP-MS strontium isotope measurement yielded a mean ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr of 0.708177 ± 9 (2<i>s</i>).</p>","PeriodicalId":12631,"journal":{"name":"Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research","volume":"50 1","pages":"181-199"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ggr.70018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147563630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IAG Membership Information","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/ggr.70042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ggr.70042","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12631,"journal":{"name":"Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ggr.70042","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147564306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined Stable and Radiogenic Nd Isotope Characterisation of Sedimentary and Iron Formation Reference Materials by Double Spike MC-ICP-MS","authors":"Anne K.C. Kaufmann,&nbsp;Alex J. McCoy-West","doi":"10.1111/ggr.70020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ggr.70020","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study presents combined stable (¹⁴⁶Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd, ¹⁴⁸Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd) and radiogenic (¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd) Nd isotope ratios obtained by double spike (DS) MC-ICP-MS for twenty-five geological reference materials (RMs), focusing particularly on the initial characterisation of sedimentary, phosphate and iron formation (IF) RMs. Pure Nd solutions and previously characterised igneous RMs of basaltic to rhyolitic composition were utilised to validate the DS MC-ICP-MS method. The (combined) expanded uncertainty (95% c.i.) on JNdi-1 normalised δ^146/144Nd measurement results was improved by <i>ca</i>. 4 ppm when data collection was increased from 50 to 100 cycles, which translates into a shift from ±0.016 to ±0.012‰. Intermediate measurement precision (over nearly 3 years) of δ^146/144Nd determined from Nd solutions (<i>n</i> = 4) and igneous, sedimentary and iron formation RMs with multiple digestions (<i>n</i> = 17) is on average ±0.016‰ 2<i>s</i>. Our obtained results agree well with published stable δ^146/144Nd and radiogenic ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd values for all igneous RMs analysed herein, attesting to the accuracy of the DS MC-ICP-MS approach. Sedimentary RMs are overall isotopically light with δ^146/144Nd signatures between -0.057 and -0.006‰, overlapping closely with igneous RMs (-0.038 to +0.010‰ δ¹⁴⁶Nd) and the bulk silicate Earth. The two phosphate RMs with δ^146/144Nd of +0.040 and +0.090‰, are significantly heavier in comparison. In contrast, global IF RMs exhibit a large range in δ^146/144Nd from -0.057 to +0.261‰ and include the heaviest (so far) recorded Nd stable isotope signature in a terrestrial geological material. Correlations of heavy δ^146/144Nd with seawater proxies (e.g., Y/Ho) and light δ^146/144Nd with tracers for continental contamination (e.g., Zr) suggest a strong potential for the application of stable Nd isotopes in sediments and IF for palaeo-reconstruction purposes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12631,"journal":{"name":"Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research","volume":"50 1","pages":"221-240"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147566664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Analytical Method Utilising an In-House PTFE Digester Using NH4HF2 and Dilute HCl for Total Dissolution of Pegmatite-Type Lithium Ores (α-Spodumene, Petalite and Lepidolite)","authors":"Venkata Balarama Krishna Mullapudi,&nbsp;Chandrasekaran Krishnan,&nbsp;Sukumar Anandkrishnan Arcot,&nbsp;Dash Kulamani","doi":"10.1111/ggr.70022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ggr.70022","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A novel and highly efficient hot plate digestion method was developed utilising an in-house PTFE digester using a mixture of ammonium bi-fluoride (NH₄HF₂) and dilute HCl (1, 1) for the total dissolution of pegmatite-type lithium ore samples (spodumene, petalite and lepidolite) for the quantitative determination of Li, Nb, Ti, Rb, Cs and Be and other co-existing elements (Fe, Al, Mn, Na, K, Ca and Mg) by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry. The proposed method was carried out in three analytical steps for total dissolution of Li ore matrix. The first step involved complete decomposition of the sample matrix (using a 1:4 sample to NH₄HF₂ ratio), while evaporation of the silica matrix was carried out in the second step. The third step involved <i>aqua regia</i> treatment for conversion of insoluble fluorides to corresponding soluble forms to obtain particle-free and clear sample solutions. Critical analytical parameters related to hot plate digestion processes were optimised by a univariate approach to obtain quantitative recoveries (&gt; 95%) for all of the selected analytes. The solid residues obtained at each step of sample preparation were characterised by XRD and EDS analysis. The method was validated through the analysis of three NBS reference materials (spodumene 181, petalite 182 and lepidolite) certified for Li mass fraction only. The other mass fractions listed are approximate/information values. The developed method was subsequently applied to multiple ore samples of different geological origins.</p>","PeriodicalId":12631,"journal":{"name":"Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research","volume":"50 1","pages":"137-153"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147563778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Simplified Method for the Determination of Re and PGE Mass Fractions, and Os Isotope Ratios in Ultramafic Rocks Combined with Se-SnCl2 Co-Precipitation","authors":"Qishuai Huang,&nbsp;Yali Sun,&nbsp;Shouqian Zhao,&nbsp;Thomas C. Meisel","doi":"10.1111/ggr.70030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ggr.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A new measurement procedure was developed for determining Re, PGE mass fractions and Os isotope ratios in geological samples using ICP-MS and N-TIMS. Two sample decomposition techniques, including Carius tube digestion and NaOH-Na₂O₂ fusion, were used to compare digestion efficiency. Osmium was separated from the sample matrix by distillation, while Re and other PGE were separated by Se-SnCl₂ co-precipitation and further purified using chelating resin. Rhenium and PGE mass fractions in WPR-1, WMG-1 and GPt-6 demonstrate good precision (RSD), with values under 5% for acid digestion and 10% for alkaline fusion. Relatively poor precision was obtained for the results of TDB-1, WGB-1, GPt-3, GPt-4 and CHR-Bkg, due to sample heterogeneity at a test portion size of 1 g. Furthermore, a more significant variance of PGE data was observed in DZ∑-1, DZ∑-2, GPt-5, GAN Pt-1 and HHH. From the point of view of sample digestion, refractory minerals (e.g., laurite, PGE alloys) can be completely decomposed by the NaOH-Na₂O₂ fusion process, resulting in much higher PGE mass fraction yields and thereby making the heterogeneity of mantle rocks and chromitites visible. Consequently, the proposed method could significantly simplify the chemical procedure and yield more accurate data when measuring ¹⁸⁷Re-¹⁸⁷Os-PGE in samples with very refractory minerals.</p>","PeriodicalId":12631,"journal":{"name":"Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research","volume":"50 1","pages":"115-135"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147564637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}