Hydrological Processes最新文献

{"title":"Declining Runoff Efficiency and Storage Reorganisation in the Source Region of the Yellow River Under Climate Warming, 1974–2025","authors":"Yong Luo,&nbsp;Yang Si,&nbsp;Linrui Ma,&nbsp;Shenglong Gu,&nbsp;Haichao Yang","doi":"10.1002/hyp.70674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70674","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The source region of the Yellow River (SRYR) has become warmer and wetter, but annual runoff has not increased proportionally, suggesting that a comparatively stable water yield may conceal a reorganisation of runoff generation. A 52-year hydroclimatic record (1974–2025) was analysed by integrating change-point diagnostics, cumulative precipitation-runoff analysis, water-resource accounting, satellite-era storage and cryospheric indicators, seasonal runoff coefficients and Eckhardt baseflow separation. The slope of the cumulative precipitation-runoff relation decreased by 13.3% around 1989. The runoff coefficient shifted in 1997, preceding the dominant runoff-volume shift in 1999. Relative to 1974–1989, precipitation during 2013–2025 increased by 20.0%, whereas runoff increased by only 2.3% and the runoff coefficient decreased by 14.9%. The accounting-based groundwater-resource ratio increased by 36.5%. Summer and autumn runoff coefficients decreased by 21.6% and 21.1%, respectively, whereas the winter coefficient increased by 29.9% and the baseflow index rose from 0.614 to 0.694. Concurrent increases in terrestrial water-storage anomaly, soil moisture, model-derived active-layer thickness and evapotranspiration, together with fewer cold-season snow-cover days, were consistent with greater warm-season retention and consumption and enhanced delayed release. The temporal sequence and convergence of these diagnostics indicate that recent wetting restored runoff volume without restoring the earlier high-efficiency runoff regime. Annual runoff alone therefore underrepresents changes in storage dependence, seasonal water availability and climate sensitivity in warming alpine headwaters.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13189,"journal":{"name":"Hydrological Processes","volume":"40 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148860110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoupling of Dissolved and Colloidal Export Across the Hydrograph of an Early Pedogenic Stage Critical Zone Observatory","authors":"M. Gelin,&nbsp;J. Bouchez,&nbsp;M. Tharaud,&nbsp;C. J. Cunningham,&nbsp;J. Chorover,&nbsp;M. F. Benedetti","doi":"10.1002/hyp.70675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70675","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigates colloid transport under early weathering conditions using the Landscape Evolution Observatory (LEO), a set of three replicated mesoscale basaltic hillslopes located in Tucson, Arizona. The hillslopes were subjected to a controlled irrigation regime designed to mimic natural wetting–drying cycles, potentially enhancing the in situ formation of colloids. After only 12 years of weathering, the hillslopes remain in an early pedogenic stage and have not yet developed vertical horizon differentiation. This structural homogeneity and textural isotropy make LEO an ideal experimental platform for investigating the mechanisms governing the mobilisation of weathering-derived colloids. During a one-month infiltration experiment, dissolved elements (Na, Mg, Al, Si, K, Ca, Fe) and their colloidal counterparts (Al, Fe) were monitored daily, the latter being analysed using high-resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in single particle mode (spHR-ICP-MS). This analytical approach allowed us to examine the concentration variations and mass distribution of colloids in response to changes in hydrologic discharge rate across the hydrograph. Results show that export is dominated by the dissolved fraction even for nominally insoluble phases (e.g., Al, Fe) and that the maximum instantaneous colloidal flux occurs during the recession of infiltration events. No significant relationship is observed between discharge and concentration, neither for dissolved nor colloidal forms of Fe and Al. However, for any given element, the dissolved and colloidal fractions do not follow the same dynamics in response to the discharge surge, suggesting distinct geochemical and hydrological controls. This study provides evidence of the role played by the development of the upper soil horizon in the export of colloids from soils and hillslopes by rivers during high-flow periods, using an experimental hillslope with weak vertical contrasts (mineralogy, hydraulic conductivity) as an end-member system.</p>","PeriodicalId":13189,"journal":{"name":"Hydrological Processes","volume":"40 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hyp.70675","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148860111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrological Controls on Nitrate Release at the Meltwater-Frozen Soil Interface in Seasonally Frozen Croplands","authors":"Jifeng Zhang,&nbsp;Jingwei Wu,&nbsp;Jieying Liu,&nbsp;Qiang Zhao","doi":"10.1002/hyp.70671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70671","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The presence of low-permeability frozen soil layer forces meltwater to flow primarily laterally within an extremely thin saturated zone at the soil surface. However, the dynamics of solute release at this interface and the underlying driving mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, controlled laboratory experiments were conducted using a self-designed, unidirectional freezing apparatus to investigate nitrate transport within the thin saturated layer at the meltwater-frozen soil interface during early spring thaw. Results indicate that nitrogen extraction efficiency at this interface is not constant but is significantly governed by inflow conditions; specifically, it exhibits a significant positive correlation with the ionic concentration of the meltwater inflow and a negative correlation with flow rate. To account for the observed concentration effects, the Electric Double Layer theory was introduced into the analysis. Analysis reveals that high NO₃⁻-N concentration compresses the electrical double layer thickness on soil colloid surfaces, generating an electrostatic shielding effect that microscopically accelerates nitrogen desorption from the soil surface. Incorporating these key driving factors, a CSTR model coupled with reversible first-order kinetics was developed. This model effectively integrates the effects of unsteady flow and NO₃⁻-N concentration and successfully reproduces the non-equilibrium solute transport processes at the meltwater-frozen soil interface with high simulation accuracy (<i>R</i>² &gt; 0.85). This study improves the understanding of the dominant factors and adsorption–desorption mechanisms governing solute release in the thin saturated layer at the meltwater-frozen soil interface, and provides a process-based basis for modelling and risk assessment of snowmelt-driven non-point source pollution in cold-region agricultural systems.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13189,"journal":{"name":"Hydrological Processes","volume":"40 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148860109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating Snowmelt Infiltration by Numerical Integration of Soil Moisture Data","authors":"Louis M. Benson,&nbsp;David C. Mays","doi":"10.1002/hyp.70669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70669","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Predicting snowmelt infiltration into soils is critical for water supply management, which has prompted a call for additional research on infiltration beneath snowpack. This study estimates snowmelt infiltration, through a first-order diagnostic process, using soil moisture data available, for example, through snowpack telemetry (SNOTEL) in the USA, and the global High Resolution Daily Multilayer Soil Moisture Dataset. Given soil moisture versus time at various depths, depth-integrated moisture content provides total water volume versus time. Snowmelt infiltration is estimated based on the assumption that increases in total water volume result from infiltration at the soil surface. This study details the codes written for numerical integration of soil moisture data, then documents model verification using infiltration data simulated by HYDRUS-1D, model validation using infiltration measured in a field study, and model application with three North American case studies across a range of elevations. For these case studies, an estimated 12%–36% of snow water equivalent (SWE) infiltrated to soil moisture. Codes and data are available through the online repository HydroShare.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13189,"journal":{"name":"Hydrological Processes","volume":"40 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148860021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct Rapid Recharge Controls the Hydrological Response in a Peri-Urban Mountainous Tropical Catchment","authors":"Leonardo Mena-Rivera,&nbsp;Germain Esquivel-Hernández,&nbsp;Mario Villalobos-Forbes,&nbsp;Rolando Sánchez-Gutiérrez,&nbsp;Ricardo Sánchez-Murillo,&nbsp;Laura Castro-Chacón,&nbsp;Luis Rojas-Jiménez,&nbsp;Astrid Harjung","doi":"10.1002/hyp.70685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70685","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the wet tropics, the seasonal changes in rainfall amounts are altering catchment storage and, consequently, groundwater-to-surface water connectivity. However, estimations of water source contributions to streamflow remain poorly constrained across mountainous headwater catchments. Here, we use stable isotopes (δ¹⁸O and δ²H), ²²²Rn activity and electrical conductivity (EC) to characterise the hydrological responses in the northern mountainous region of the Central Valley, Costa Rica. Temporal trends revealed a clear response in groundwater–surface water connectivity to rainfall inputs. Streamflow transitioned from being dominated mainly by groundwater during the dry season to a greater contribution of subsurface flow during the wet season. We found that direct rapid recharge regulates this hydrological connectivity during the rainiest periods, as demonstrated by increased ²²²Rn activity in both springs and streams. Using a mass balance approach, we estimated monthly groundwater contributions to streamflow using ²²²Rn activity (5.9%–63.1%) and EC (37.2%–84.0%). A Bayesian endmember mixing model yielded similar mean groundwater contributions compared to the mass balance approach depending on tracer selection (EC–²²²Rn: 56.2% ± 12.7%, δ¹⁸O–²²²Rn: 51.1% ± 11.6% and δ¹⁸O–EC: 89.2% ± 5.2%). Our findings are useful for future assessments of the impact of climate change in rainfall amount and seasonality on groundwater recharge and streamflow generation in tropical mountainous catchments.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13189,"journal":{"name":"Hydrological Processes","volume":"40 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148860024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Snowmelt-Associated Inundation Dynamics in a Semi-Arid Floodplain: Evidence From Multi-Temporal Sentinel-1 Observations in the Aras Basin, Eastern Türkiye","authors":"Mehmet Ali Çelik,&nbsp;Mehmet Ali Aycan","doi":"10.1002/hyp.70679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70679","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Flood generation in semi-arid basins surrounded by seasonally snow-covered mountains cannot be explained by rainfall alone, yet the relative contributions of snowmelt and rainfall to observed inundation remain insufficiently quantified in eastern Anatolia. This study combines 80 Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) scenes acquired between March and June from 2017 to 2025, processed with the HydroSAR surface-water mapping workflow, with ERA5-Land hydro-climatic variables and terrain data to examine the spatial and temporal patterns of inundation along the Aras River floodplain in the Iğdır–Aralık sector of eastern Türkiye. SAR-derived detections were predominantly low-frequency but spatially widespread, reaching 115.2 km² at the ≥ 1-observation threshold while surface water detected on at least 50 observation dates covered approximately 1.2 km². Detections were concentrated in low-lying terrain, with more than 99% in the 800–900 m elevation range and approximately 82% within 0–2 m of Height Above Nearest Drainage. The largest single-date extents occurred in 2020 (70.7 km²) and 2022 (68.0 km²), both in March. Across the analysed acquisitions, snowmelt showed a moderate positive association with detected extent (<i>r</i> = 0.54, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and snow depth a comparable association (<i>r</i> = 0.49), whereas rainfall showed a weak, non-significant relationship. Of five independently documented flood events, only one coincided with an elevated SAR-derived observation, reflecting the approximately 12-day revisit interval, short event durations and small event footprints. Inundation in this floodplain was therefore more closely associated with seasonal snow accumulation and melting than with rainfall during the observation period, and satellite-derived surface-water inventories require independent hydrological observations before they can be interpreted as flood records.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13189,"journal":{"name":"Hydrological Processes","volume":"40 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148848837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-Dimensional Tracing of Particulate Organic Matter Sources in a Deep-Water Reservoir: Coupling Temporal Dynamics, Water Depth Stratification, and Particle-Size Effects","authors":"Mingming Gao,&nbsp;Shuguang Lv,&nbsp;Yuying Li,&nbsp;Minli Guo,&nbsp;Danyang Miao,&nbsp;Yufan He,&nbsp;Rongxin Wang,&nbsp;Yun Zhang,&nbsp;Shiming Ding,&nbsp;B. Larry Li,&nbsp;Nicola Fohrer","doi":"10.1002/hyp.70668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70668","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Particulate organic matter (POM) constitutes an important component of aquatic organic matter, with significant spatiotemporal variations in its sources and composition. However, a comprehensive understanding of the POM sources with different particle sizes in deep-water reservoirs under spatiotemporal changes remains limited. This study investigated the sources of various POM size classes in the Danjiangkou Reservoir across seasonal and vertical gradients using stable isotope of carbon (δ¹³C) analysis and the Iso-Source mixing model. The δ¹³C values of Pico- and Nano-POM were depleted in ¹³C (mean: −30.6‰; range: −35.0‰ to −21.3‰), exhibiting the typical isotopic signature of phytoplankton and terrestrial C₃ plants. Combined with the Iso-Source model, these values indicate that they were primarily derived from phytoplankton and C₃ plants, accounting for 58.04% of the total contribution, of which phytoplankton made a larger contribution (66.49%). Micro- and Net-POM showed δ¹³C values enriched in ¹³C (mean: −26.5‰; range: −35.9‰ to −15.1‰), with higher contributions from phytoplankton and C₄ plants (56.14%). The coefficient of variation (CV) for phytoplankton was significantly lower in spring and summer than in autumn and winter across all POM size classes. The lowest CV was observed for Pico- and Nano-POM, indicating that the source of smaller-sized POM was more stable. Across different layers, the δ¹³C values of Pico- and Nano-POM showed significant correlations with total organic carbon (TOC) (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01), reflecting autochthonous production control; Micro- and Net-POM were significantly correlated with nitrogen species (NO₃⁻-N, NH₄⁺-N, and TN) (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), highlighting the influence of allochthonous inputs. This study reveals the source apportionment characteristics and environmental response mechanisms of different POM size classes in a subtropical deep-water reservoir at spatio-temporal scales, thereby providing a scientific basis for understanding the carbon cycling processes in aquatic ecosystems.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13189,"journal":{"name":"Hydrological Processes","volume":"40 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148783898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Effects of Tracer Mass and Detection Limits in Stream Experiments With Instantaneous Tracer Injections on Solute Transport","authors":"Clarissa Glaser,&nbsp;Julian Klaus","doi":"10.1002/hyp.70634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70634","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Slug tracer experiments have greatly advanced our understanding of transport processes in streams. However, the resulting breakthrough curves (BTCs) derived from these experiments are biassed towards faster flow paths, partly due to truncation of BTCs caused by sensor detection limits. Although this issue is acknowledged, little is known about how BTC truncation from detection limits depends on applied tracer mass or stream characteristics. To address this gap, we conduct a virtual experiment with 120 000 virtual streams, simulating BTCs using the transient storage model with two virtual tracers differing in detection limits and sensor type. We test four approaches that differ in the applied tracer mass and evaluate how truncation affects stream transport metrics (normalised transient storage index, coefficient of variation, skewness, and holdback). Our results show that higher tracer mass consistently yields higher values across all transport metrics, underlining the interplay between tracer mass, BTC truncation, and measurement outcome. In particular, experiments applying higher tracer masses in streams with larger transient storage and higher dispersion yield higher transport metrics, which suggests that maximising the applied tracer mass is critical for describing transport processes in such streams. Overall, our findings reveal that the applied tracer mass rather than sensor detection limits alone, plays a key role in the truncation of BTCs and the resulting bias towards faster flow paths. To reduce the bias of slug tracer experiments towards faster flow and improve the accuracy of transport metrics in streams with larger transient storage and higher dispersion we recommend: (I) maximising the injected tracer mass, (II) use sensors with a lower detection limits, and (III) extend experiment duration.</p>","PeriodicalId":13189,"journal":{"name":"Hydrological Processes","volume":"40 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hyp.70634","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148784089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Denitrification in the Stream Hyporheic Zone With In-Stream Restoration Structure: The Effects of Stream Water Quality, Temperature, Sediment Hydraulic and Transport Properties","authors":"Jinghong Feng,&nbsp;Xiting Cai,&nbsp;Ying Liu,&nbsp;Zhuang Zhai,&nbsp;Ziyi Wang,&nbsp;Oluwafemi Adewole Adeyeye","doi":"10.1002/hyp.70673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70673","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Changes in fluvial environments and hydrogeological conditions critically govern biogeochemical processes in the hyporheic zone, with noticeable effects on nitrogen cycling. These environmental variations further govern the migration and transformation of nutrients and contaminants within riverine systems. This study established a two-dimensional numerical model that couples hydrodynamic flow and reactive solute transport to explore the coupled hydrological and biogeochemical behaviours of the hyporheic zone beneath in-stream restoration structures. A series of sensitivity tests were conducted to quantify how stream water quality, ambient temperature, as well as the hydraulic and solute transport characteristics of river sediments influence the rates of nitrification and denitrification. Numerical modelling outputs reveal that shifts in river surface water quality exert regulatory controls on nitrogen translocation and biological conversion in the hyporheic zone. Specifically, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) availability dominates the source-sink function of the hyporheic zone for nitrate, exhibiting a stronger regulatory effect than ammonium (NH₄⁺) supply. Additionally, fluctuations in ambient temperature also serve as a key factor altering nitrogen transport and transformation processes in this critical interaction zone. As temperature increased, the penetration depth of solute fronts for four reactive species gradually decreased, nitrification rates increased by nearly two orders of magnitude, and denitrification rates first increased and then decreased. Conversely, elevated sediment hydraulic permeability accelerates hyporheic exchange flux across riverbed, which accordingly boosts the elimination efficiency of nitrate. This study deepens the current knowledge regarding the intricate coupling relationships between hydrodynamic behaviours and biogeochemical reactions in artificially modified river hyporheic zone. It provides a scientific basis for formulating adaptive river ecological restoration projects-such as those addressing water quality regulation, temperature control andsediment property management in river systems -ultimately supporting fluvial system restoration and water quality improvement.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13189,"journal":{"name":"Hydrological Processes","volume":"40 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148784088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil Hydraulic Properties of Europe at 500 m Resolution for Topsoil Using EUPTFv2 and LUCAS Soil Data","authors":"Surya Gupta,&nbsp;Christine Alewell,&nbsp;Cristiano Ballabio,&nbsp;Panos Panagos","doi":"10.1002/hyp.70670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70670","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Soil hydraulic properties govern the movement and storage of water in soils and are essential inputs for hydrological and land surface models, influencing water-holding capacity, matter and energy transport, erosion susceptibility and plant water availability. However, direct measurement of these properties is labour-intensive and thus often limited in spatial coverage. Therefore, pedotransfer functions (PTFs) are widely used to estimate soil hydraulic properties from readily available soil characteristics. We present a spatial dataset of soil hydraulic properties for Europe at 0–20 cm depth, developed using harmonised soil property maps derived from the LUCAS dataset and the improved PTFs (EUPTFv2) proposed by Szabó et al., which are developed on the European Hydropedological Data Inventory. The derived dataset includes water content at saturation, field capacity (at −10 and −33 kPa), wilting point (−1500 kPa), saturated hydraulic conductivity and their associated uncertainty maps. In addition, we derived available water capacity and air capacity (air-filled porosity) from the predicted properties. The input datasets (LUCAS-based soil maps) used in this study are derived from harmonised data in terms of measurement methods and spatial consistency. This is expected to improve the reliability of the resulting maps compared with existing products. The generated dataset is freely available and can therefore support a wide range of environmental and modelling applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":13189,"journal":{"name":"Hydrological Processes","volume":"40 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hyp.70670","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148783591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}