Hydrological Processes最新文献

{"title":"Visualisation of Flow Dynamics in Tide-Dominated Unconfined Coastal Aquifers Using Physical Experiments","authors":"Rezwana Binte Delwar,&nbsp;Nele Grünenbaum,&nbsp;Janek Greskowiak,&nbsp;Gudrun Massmann","doi":"10.1002/hyp.70114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70114","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The physical models visually demonstrate the complexity of flow processes in unstable USP as compared to stable USP situation. These experiments, for the first time, confirm the intensified mixing under unstable USP condition. The experimental results further validate the numerically established concept that land-sourced contaminants or solute plumes will have longer residence time, if an unstable USP condition persists in coastal sandy aquifers.\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":13189,"journal":{"name":"Hydrological Processes","volume":"39 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hyp.70114","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Higher Incidence of Strongly Evaporative Days Drives Severe Water Deficit for Ombrotrophic Peatlands","authors":"Hannah T. Lehnhart-Barnett,&nbsp;Richard C. Chiverrell","doi":"10.1002/hyp.70130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70130","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The capacity of peatlands to sequester and store atmospheric carbon is coupled to their hydrological functioning but is threatened by increases in the frequency and severity of extreme weather. The hydrological functioning of a near-intact water-shedding ombrotrophic blanket bog is characterised here using a decade-long (2010–2021) hydro-meteorological series. This period includes the substantial drawdown of water tables during the 2018 UK summer heatwave. Annual peatland water balances were calculated for three consecutive hydrological years (2017/2018, 2018/2019 and 2019/2020) and comprised, on average, 930 mm of precipitation (P), 335 mm evapotranspiration (ET), 330 mm runoff and 0 mm change in water storage (ΔS). Average annual water table depth (WTD) relates primarily to available energy (net radiation − soil heat flux), while monthly average WTD is driven mainly by the vapour pressure deficit (VPD). Summer water availability (P − ET) is controlled more by precipitation than ET and drives much of summer changes in ΔS. Deeper summer WTD patterns are associated with a greater incidence of warm, highly evaporative days, and the 2018 summer drawdown (−427 mm) reflects both low water availability (P − ET) and high incidence of evaporative days. By winter 2018/2019, the water balance had recovered, demonstrating the resilience of this near-intact blanket bog to hydrological extremes. Over recent decades, the site has experienced a trend towards milder, drier winters and wetter summers. While increased summer rainfall and air saturation may help offset potential temperature-driven increases in winter ET, the growing risk of summer heatwaves, enhanced winter ET losses and reduced winter–spring precipitation are likely to impact interannual hydrological regimes, in particular the extent of winter recharge and summer water table drawdown, potentially compromising the long-term stability of similar peatlands.</p>","PeriodicalId":13189,"journal":{"name":"Hydrological Processes","volume":"39 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hyp.70130","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Snow Interception Relationships With Meteorology and Canopy Density","authors":"Alex C. Cebulski,&nbsp;John W. Pomeroy","doi":"10.1002/hyp.70135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70135","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Snow accumulation models differ in their representation of snow interception and ablation processes, and their applicability across diverse climates and forest types remains uncertain. Existing parameterisations of initial snow interception before unloading include inherently coupled canopy snow accumulation and ablation processes. This leads to difficulty in diagnosing processes and adds possible errors when incorporated in models that already account for canopy snow ablation. This study evaluates the theory underpinning parameterisations of initial snow interception using high-temporal resolution and fine-scale measurements of throughfall for events with minimal snow ablation and redistribution in both the canopy and on the ground. Relationships between throughfall measurements, event meteorology, and a novel lidar-based canopy density measurement were assessed in two subalpine forest plots in the Canadian Rockies. Contrary to existing theories, no association of canopy snow load or air temperature with initial interception efficiency was observed. Instead, snow-leaf contact area emerged as the primary factor governing snow accumulation, before ablation. A wind-driven snowfall event demonstrated that non-vertical hydrometeor trajectories can significantly increase snow-leaf contact area, thereby enhancing initial interception. Prediction of interception efficiency for this event was improved when adjusted for hydrometeor trajectory angle based on the wind speed at one-third of the canopy height. Snow-leaf contact area showed a high sensitivity to wind speed, increasing by up to 95% with a 1 m s⁻¹ wind speed. The study proposes a new parameterisation that calculates throughfall, independent of processes that ablate snow from the canopy, as a function of snowfall, canopy cover, wind speed, and hydrometeor fall velocity. The parameterisation successfully estimated subcanopy snow accumulation for a snowfall event at two forest plots of differing canopy density and structure. By separating canopy snow ablation from snow interception processes, this new model offers potentially improved prediction of subcanopy snow accumulation when combined with canopy snow ablation parameterisations.</p>","PeriodicalId":13189,"journal":{"name":"Hydrological Processes","volume":"39 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hyp.70135","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143879782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sub-Daily Variations in Tree Xylem Water Isotopic Compositions in a Temperate Northeastern US Forest","authors":"Kiernan Tierney,&nbsp;Matthew Sobota,&nbsp;Josh Snarski,&nbsp;Kevin Li,&nbsp;James Knighton","doi":"10.1002/hyp.70137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70137","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sampling of stable isotopes in plant xylem water (δ²H, δ¹⁸O) has become a ubiquitous technique to study spatiotemporal variations in the water taken up by plant roots; however, open questions remain concerning the most appropriate time of day to sample trees to obtain representative xylem water isotopic values (δ_XYLEM). We sampled the δ_XYLEM of oak and maple trees prior to solar midday (i.e., in a recommended sampling window) and then again after solar midday (i.e., outside of the recommended window) across 4 months. The paired root mean squared difference between AM and PM δ¹⁸O ranged from 1.00‰ to 1.16‰ for maples and 0.23‰ to 2.55‰ for oaks across all sampling dates. Xylem water seasonal origin index (SOI) values derived from AM and PM δ_XYLEM samples were significantly different, though both SOI estimates supported the conclusion that maple and oak δ_XYLEM reflected summer precipitation on all sampling dates. We conclude that sampling time of day is a significant consideration in the design of δ_XYLEM sampling campaigns; however, our findings also support flexibility in the collection time of δ_XYLEM in field sites where sampling during the optimal time of day is challenging.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13189,"journal":{"name":"Hydrological Processes","volume":"39 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143879919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Snow and Glacier Contributions to the Mendoza River in the Semiarid Central Andes of Argentina","authors":"Ezequiel Toum,&nbsp;Ricardo Villalba,&nbsp;Mariano H. Masiokas","doi":"10.1002/hyp.70132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70132","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The ongoing and persistent drought in Central-western Argentina since 2010 has led to a water crisis in the region. Despite the crucial importance of the Andean water resources for natural ecosystems and socio-economic activities, few studies have focused on understanding snow and ice contributions to surface runoff dynamics during dry, normal and wet years in main regional watersheds like the Mendoza River, which is the main water supply for the most extensive and densely populated irrigated oasis in central-western Argentina. To better understand snow and glacier temporal storage-and-release processes and their impact on the seasonal and inter-annual variability of the Mendoza River, we provide up-to-date modelling work using the numerical model HBV.IANIGLA, which specifically incorporates separate snow and glacier components into the hydrological simulations. Modelled snow accumulation values show that the lower eastern sectors of the Mendoza watershed usually receive five times less snow than the westernmost areas bordering Chile. When comparing our results with other modelling outputs from the adjacent Maipo and Aconcagua watersheds in Chile, we find that these western basins accumulate nearly 3.5 times more snow, corroborating the marked west–east precipitation gradient in the region. During the last 40 years, snow has been the main source of meltwater for the Mendoza River, but glaciers have contributed, on average, ~18% of the annual discharges. Maximum values that exceed 40% in glacier contribution were modelled in years with very low winter snow accumulation. This is, particularly, evident during the extended dry period that started in 2010, when the glacier contribution averaged ~30% compared to ~15% before that period. These very dry years usually concentrate the bulk of the annual discharges later than normal years during the warm melting season. These results provide an improved understanding of the surface water variability in this semiarid region for the last 40 years.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13189,"journal":{"name":"Hydrological Processes","volume":"39 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Hydrological Modelling With Topkapi Through Irrigation and Open-Channel Flow in Semi-Arid Agricultural Catchments","authors":"Sergio Eduardo Abbenante,&nbsp;Ingrid Althoff,&nbsp;Javier Valdes-Abellan","doi":"10.1002/hyp.70140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70140","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study focuses on the design, implementation and performance evaluation of a new irrigation and open-channel module into the well-known Topkapi distributed model. The Topkapi was implemented through the PyTopkapi library. The research framework encompasses the integration of an irrigation simulation module alongside a sophisticated kinematic wave model, designed to emulate the intricate dynamics of surface flow transport in irrigation channels, thereby enriching the structural composition of the overall model. The performance of the improved model was tested in the Achibueno River basin (Chile) strategically positioned in the southern reaches of the Maule region, encompassing a substantial land expanse of 1578 km² with a very important agricultural activity and a subsequent important presence of open channels for its water distribution network. The dataset utilised for this comprehensive assessment spans a temporal continuum from 1979 to 2015 and has been meticulously curated from the historical archives of the Centro de Ciencia del Clima y la Resiliencia (CR2). The evaluation of model performance is executed through the application of the Nash and Nash-ln coefficients, enabling a nuanced understanding of the model's proficiency. Two distinct scenarios are meticulously considered throughout the assessment: one wherein the irrigation module is absent from the model configuration, and another wherein the irrigation module is integrated into the model's structural framework. The findings emanating from our results underscore a discernible augmentation in the operational efficiency of PyTopkapi to the extent of approximately 17% when the irrigation module is applied (NSE moving from 0.63 to 0.74 for the calibration period and 0.54 to 0.64 for the validation period). This heightened efficiency manifests notably during the transport of flow through channels, where the kinematic wave model plays a pivotal role in orchestrating the dynamics of surface water movement.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13189,"journal":{"name":"Hydrological Processes","volume":"39 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilitarian Expressions for Equilibrium Bedload Transport","authors":"Basil Gomez,&nbsp;Philip J. Soar","doi":"10.1002/hyp.70128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70128","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Heterogeneous field and laboratory measurements of equilibrium bedload transport can be collapsed to coherent relations by: expressing flow strength (<i>x</i>) as the ratio of the Shields number to the critical Shields number, or the ratio of dimensionless specific stream power to a reference dimensionless specific stream power; adjusting the dimensionless transport rate (<i>y</i>) to accommodate temporal variations in flow depth and bedload size; and treating the threshold shear stress as a variable parameter. The generalised form of the empirical functions we elaborate is: <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>y</mi>\u0000 <mo>=</mo>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>c</mi>\u0000 <mn>1</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <msup>\u0000 <mi>x</mi>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>e</mi>\u0000 <mn>1</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 </msup>\u0000 <msup>\u0000 <mfenced>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mn>1</mn>\u0000 <mo>+</mo>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>c</mi>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <msup>\u0000 <mi>x</mi>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>e</mi>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 </msup>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 </mfenced>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>e</mi>\u0000 <mn>3</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 </msup>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$$ y={c}_1{x}^{e_1}{left(1+{c}_2{x}^{e_2}right)}^{e_3} $$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>; and uncertainty surrounding estimates of <i>y</i> is accounted for by specifying prediction intervals for a confidence level of 90%. Their effectiveness is demonstrated by independent applications to analogous cases; and we anticipate these functions will afford a practical approach for estimating cross-section average bedload transport rates in a wide range of fluvial systems where similar conditions can be assumed to exist. Our analysis also suggests that, although it has been appreciated that data obtained in the laboratory may not be directly comparable to measurements made in the field for more than seven decades, the inveterate use of a constant value to represent the threshold shear stress has unwittingly served to obscure the disparity between rivers and flumes.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13189,"journal":{"name":"Hydrological Processes","volume":"39 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143852860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transport of Solutes With Different Release Mode Under Tidal Action in Coastal Unconfined Aquifers","authors":"Min Guo,&nbsp;Junwei Wan,&nbsp;Kun Huang","doi":"10.1002/hyp.70133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70133","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Previous studies on solute transport in coastal aquifers have mostly focused on the transport characteristics of instantaneous point sources. In actual situations, due to various causes of pollution, pollutants usually do not enter the aquifer instantaneously but continue to discharge into the groundwater at a certain speed. Due to different pollution conditions, pollutants usually enter the aquifer in various forms such as point sources and line sources. It is of great significance to study solute transport characteristics with different release modes in coastal aquifers for environmental impact assessment of coastal groundwater. This paper explored a laboratory-controlled experiment to research the transport characteristics of solute with different release modes in coastal unconfined aquifers under tidal action. This paper presented that the solute plumes of each release mode affected by tidal fluctuations all follow the transport characteristics of a large step to the sea and a small step to the land. The rising tide suppressed the original change trend of the concentration at each point. The spreading range of the solute plume in each release mode had periodic fluctuation. With the increase of the hydraulic gradient during the falling tide, the spreading range of the solute plume increased, whereas with the difference of the transport velocity of the leading edge and trailing edge of the solute plume during the rising tide, the spreading range decreased slightly. The variation characteristics of the spreading range of the continuous source mainly depend on the continuously released rate of the tracer. When the continuous release rate of the tracer and the discharge to the sea reach a dynamic equilibrium, the solute transport velocity of the continuous source will eventually oscillate around a relatively stable velocity value, and the solute concentration value of each point in the aquifer will eventually oscillate around a relatively stable concentration value, especially the concentration of each point in the continuous line source will be approximately equal to the initial concentration.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13189,"journal":{"name":"Hydrological Processes","volume":"39 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143831114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"James Buttle Review: Bed, Banks and Beyond: River Flood Dynamics","authors":"Ellen Wohl,&nbsp;Julianne Scamardo,&nbsp;Ryan R. Morrison","doi":"10.1002/hyp.70131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70131","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Floods are amplified and attenuated by features and processes across spatial scales, defined here as flood dynamics. We review and synthesise these influences at the catchment, river network and reach scales as a means of integrating understanding of controls on flood dynamics and identifying key questions that arise because of differences in techniques of investigation and disciplinary emphases between spatial scales. Catchment-scale influences include catchment area, topography, lithology, land cover, precipitation, antecedent conditions and human alterations such as changing land cover. Network-scale influences on flood dynamics include network topology, longitudinal variations in the geometry of successive river corridor reaches, lakes and wetlands and human alterations including flow regulation and cumulative changes in channel-floodplain connectivity in multiple reaches across a network. Reach-scale influences on flood dynamics include water sources, river corridor geometry and connectivity and human alterations such as artificial levees, channelisation, bank stabilisation, changes to floodplain land cover and drainage, dike operation, process-based river restoration and urban stormwater management. Our review and synthesis of relevant literature suggest that the relative importance of these multiple influences on flood dynamics varies across spatial scales. Hillslope response may dominate hydrograph characteristics in smaller catchments, for example, whereas network geometry and flow dynamics exert progressively stronger influences on flood dynamics with increasing catchment size. Scale-specific advances in understanding flood dynamics, including rainfall-runoff analyses of water movements from uplands into channel networks (catchment-scale), analyses of flow dynamics along networks of multiple channel reaches (network-scale) and investigations of biophysical feedbacks and the influences of river corridor geometry and hydraulic roughness (reach-scale), have largely contributed to understanding flood dynamics, but there remain important disconnects between these diverse bodies of research and outstanding questions related to the cumulative effects on flood dynamics across scales.</p>","PeriodicalId":13189,"journal":{"name":"Hydrological Processes","volume":"39 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hyp.70131","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143831115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Monthly Streamflow Prediction by Deep Learning Model With Physics-Based Rules","authors":"Lingling Ni,&nbsp;Wenqi Wang,&nbsp;Dong Wang,&nbsp;Vijay P. Singh,&nbsp;Xin Yin,&nbsp;Xueyuan Kang,&nbsp;Yuwei Tao,&nbsp;Zichen Gu","doi":"10.1002/hyp.70123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70123","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prediction of monthly streamflow is of great importance for water resources management and reservoir operation. Deep learning has evolved into a budding tool for making hydrological predictions and has achieved promising progress in hydro-science. However, the lack of physical mechanisms in deep learning restricts its operational applications and limits its extrapolation to unobserved processes. To address this issue, this study developed a hybrid model imparting hydrological knowledge to DL (named P-DNN) for streamflow forecasting. Specifically, P-DNN combines the understanding of processes imbued in the conceptual hydrological model with the predictive abilities of state-of-the-art DL models by designing a special architecture containing several modules to simulate the rainfall-runoff hydrological processes. Also, to reinforce the physical import of DL models, mass conservation is incorporated into the loss function in P-DNN to penalise the violations of water balance. The illustrative cases of streamflow prediction in both upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin demonstrate that the integration of scientific knowledge into the deep learning model has enhanced prediction accuracy and intelligence for inferring unobserved processes. Overall, this study suggests that the hybrid model shows promise for improving forecasting of many important hydrological variables and potential to improve the DL awareness of hydrological understanding.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13189,"journal":{"name":"Hydrological Processes","volume":"39 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143826886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}