Geoscientific Model Development最新文献

{"title":"Enabling high-performance cloud computing for the Community Multiscale Air Quality Model (CMAQ) version 5.3.3: performance evaluation and benefits for the user community.","authors":"Christos I Efstathiou, Elizabeth Adams, Carlie J Coats, Robert Zelt, Mark Reed, John McGee, Kristen M Foley, Fahim I Sidi, David C Wong, Steven Fine, Saravanan Arunachalam","doi":"10.5194/gmd-17-7001-2024","DOIUrl":"10.5194/gmd-17-7001-2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Community Multiscale Air Quality Model (CMAQ) is a local- to hemispheric-scale numerical air quality modeling system developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and supported by the Community Modeling and Analysis System (CMAS) center. CMAQ is used for regulatory purposes by the USEPA program offices and state and local air agencies and is also widely used by the broader global research community to simulate and understand complex air quality processes and for computational environmental fate and transport and climate and health impact studies. Leveraging state-of-the-science cloud computing resources for high-performance computing (HPC) applications, CMAQ is now available as a fully tested, publicly available technology stack (HPC cluster and software stack) for two major cloud service providers (CSPs). Specifically, CMAQ configurations and supporting materials have been developed for use on their HPC clusters, including extensive online documentation, tutorials and guidelines to scale and optimize air quality simulations using their services. These resources allow modelers to rapidly bring together CMAQ, cloud-hosted datasets, and visualization and evaluation tools on ephemeral clusters that can be deployed quickly and reliably worldwide. Described here are considerations in CMAQ version 5.3.3 cloud use and the supported resources for each CSP, presented through a benchmark application suite that was developed as an example of a typical simulation for testing and verifying components of the modeling system. The outcomes of this effort are to provide findings from performing CMAQ simulations on the cloud using popular vendor-provided resources, to enable the user community to adapt this for their own needs, and to identify specific areas of potential optimization with respect to storage and compute architectures.</p>","PeriodicalId":12799,"journal":{"name":"Geoscientific Model Development","volume":"17 18","pages":"7001-7027"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11534021/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142581677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of updated reaction kinetics on the global GEOS-Chem simulation of atmospheric chemistry.","authors":"Kelvin H Bates, Mathew J Evans, Barron H Henderson, Daniel J Jacob","doi":"10.5194/gmd-17-1511-2024","DOIUrl":"10.5194/gmd-17-1511-2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We updated the chemical mechanism of the GEOS-Chem global 3-D model of atmospheric chemistry to include new recommendations from the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) chemical kinetics Data Evaluation 19-5 and from the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) and to balance carbon and nitrogen. We examined the impact of these updates on the GEOS-Chem version 14.0.1 simulation. Notable changes include 11 updates to reactions of reactive nitrogen species, resulting in a 7% net increase in the stratospheric NO_<i>x</i> (NO + NO₂) burden; an updated CO + OH rate formula leading to a 2.7% reduction in total tropospheric CO; adjustments to the rate coefficient and branching ratios of propane + OH, leading to reduced tropospheric propane (-17%) and increased acetone (+3.5%) burdens; a 41% increase in the tropospheric burden of peroxyacetic acid due to a decrease in the rate coefficient for its reaction with OH, further contributing to reductions in peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN; -3.8%) and acetic acid (-3.4%); and a number of minor adjustments to halogen radical cycling. Changes to the global tropospheric burdens of other species include -0.7% for ozone, +0.3% for OH (-0.4% for methane lifetime against oxidation by tropospheric OH), +0.8% for formaldehyde, and -1.7% for NO_<i>x</i>. The updated mechanism reflects the current state of the science, including complex chemical dependencies of key atmospheric species on temperature, pressure, and concentrations of other compounds. The improved conservation of carbon and nitrogen will facilitate future studies of their overall atmospheric budgets.</p>","PeriodicalId":12799,"journal":{"name":"Geoscientific Model Development","volume":"7 4","pages":"1511-1524"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10953788/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140174205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of inter-grid-cell lateral unsaturated and saturated flow model in the E3SM Land Model (v2.0)","authors":"Han Qiu, G. Bisht, Lingcheng Li, D. Hao, Donghui Xu","doi":"10.5194/gmd-17-143-2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-143-2024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The lateral transport of water in the subsurface is important in modulating terrestrial water energy distribution. Although a few land surface models have recently included lateral saturated flow within and across grid cells, it is not a default configuration in the Climate Model Intercomparison Project version 6 experiments. In this work, we developed the lateral subsurface flow model within both unsaturated and saturated zones in the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM) Land Model version 2 (ELMv2.0). The new model, called ELMlat, was benchmarked against PFLOTRAN, a 3D subsurface flow and transport model, for three idealized hillslopes that included a convergent hillslope, divergent hillslope, and tilted V-shaped hillslope with variably saturated initial conditions. ELMlat showed comparable performance against PFLOTRAN in terms of capturing the dynamics of soil moisture and groundwater table for the three benchmark hillslope problems. Specifically, the mean absolute errors (MAEs) of the soil moisture in the top 10 layers between ELMlat and PFLOTRAN were within 1 %±3 %, and the MAEs of water table depth were within ±0.2 m. Next, ELMlat was applied to the Little Washita experimental watershed to assess its prediction of groundwater table, soil moisture, and soil temperature. The spatial pattern of simulated groundwater table depth agreed well with the global groundwater table benchmark dataset generated from a global model calibrated with long-term observations. The effects of lateral groundwater flow on the energy flux partitioning were more prominent in lowland areas with shallower groundwater tables, where the difference in simulated annual surface soil temperature could reach 0.3–0.4 ∘C between ELMv2.0 and ELMlat. Incorporating lateral subsurface flow in ELM improves the representation of the subsurface hydrology, which will provide a good basis for future large-scale applications.\u0000","PeriodicalId":12799,"journal":{"name":"Geoscientific Model Development","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139440543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding changes in cloud simulations from E3SM version 1 to version 2","authors":"Yuying Zhang, Shaocheng Xie, Yi Qin, Wuyin Lin, J. Golaz, Xue Zheng, Po-Lun Ma, Yun Qian, Qi Tang, Christopher R. Terai, Meng Zhang","doi":"10.5194/gmd-17-169-2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-169-2024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. This study documents clouds simulated by the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM) version 2 (E3SMv2) and attempts to understand what causes the model behavior change in clouds relative to E3SMv1. This is done by analyzing the last 30-year (1985–2014) data from the 165-year historical simulations using E3SMv1 and v2 and four sensitivity tests to isolate the impact of changes in model parameter choices in its turbulence, shallow convection, and cloud macrophysics parameterization (Cloud Layers Unified By Binormals, CLUBB); microphysical parameterization (MG2); and deep-convection scheme (ZM), as well as model physics changes in convective triggering. It is shown that E3SMv2 significantly improves the simulation of subtropical coastal stratocumulus clouds and clouds with optical depth larger than 3.6 over the stratocumulus-to-cumulus transition regimes, where the shortwave cloud radiative effect (SWCRE) is also improved, and the Southern Ocean (SO) while seeing an overall slight degradation in low clouds over other tropical and subtropical oceans. The better performance in E3SMv1 over those regions is partially due to error compensation between its simulated optically thin and intermediate low clouds for which E3SMv2 actually improves simulation of optically intermediate low clouds. Sensitivity tests indicate that the changes in low clouds are primarily due to the tuning done in CLUBB. The impact of the ZM tuning is mainly on optically intermediate and thick high clouds, contributing to an improved SWCRE and longwave cloud radiative effect (LWCRE). The impact of the MG2 tuning and the new convective trigger is primarily on the high latitudes and the SO. They have a relatively smaller impact on clouds than CLUBB tuning and ZM tuning do. This study offers additional insights into clouds simulated in E3SMv2 by utilizing multiple data sets and the Cloud Feedback Model Intercomparison Project (CFMIP) Observation Simulator Package (COSP) diagnostic tool as well as sensitivity tests. The improved understanding will benefit future E3SM developments.\u0000","PeriodicalId":12799,"journal":{"name":"Geoscientific Model Development","volume":"1 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139440259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The wave-age-dependent stress parameterisation (WASP) for momentum and heat turbulent fluxes at sea in SURFEX v8.1","authors":"M. Bouin, C. Lebeaupin Brossier, S. Malardel, A. Voldoire, C. Sauvage","doi":"10.5194/gmd-17-117-2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-117-2024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. A widely applicable parameterisation of turbulent heat and momentum fluxes at sea has been developed for the SURFEX v8.1 surface model. This wave-age-dependent stress parameterisation (WASP) combines a close fit to available in situ observations at sea up to wind speed of 60 m s−1 with the possibility of activating the impact of wave growth on the wind stress. It aims in particular at representing the effect of surface processes that depend on the surface wind according to the state of the art. It can be used with the different atmospheric models coupled with the surface model SURFEX, including the CNRM-CM climate model, the operational (numerical weather prediction) systems in use at Météo-France, and the research model Meso-NH. Designed to be used in coupled or forced mode with a wave model, it can also be used in an atmosphere-only configuration. It has been validated and tested in several case studies covering different surface conditions known to be sensitive to the representation of surface turbulent fluxes: (i) the impact of a sea surface temperature (SST) front on low-level flow by weak wind, (ii) the simulation of a Mediterranean heavy precipitating event where waves are known to influence the low-level wind and displace precipitation, (iii) several tropical cyclones, and (iv) a climate run over 35 years. It shows skills comparable to or better than the different parameterisations in use in SURFEX v8.1 so far.\u0000","PeriodicalId":12799,"journal":{"name":"Geoscientific Model Development","volume":"82 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139444764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"WRF (v4.0)–SUEWS (v2018c) coupled system: development, evaluation and application","authors":"Ting Sun, H. Omidvar, Zhenkun Li, Ning Zhang, Wenjuan Huang, S. Kotthaus, H. C. Ward, Zhiwen Luo, S. Grimmond","doi":"10.5194/gmd-17-91-2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-91-2024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The process of coupling the Surface Urban Energy and Water Scheme (SUEWS) into the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model is presented, including pre-processing of model parameters to represent spatial variability in surface characteristics. Fluxes and mixed-layer height observations in the southern UK are used to evaluate a 2-week period in each season. Mean absolute errors, based on all periods, are smaller in residential Swindon than central London for turbulent sensible and latent heat fluxes (QH, QE) with greater skill on clear-sky days on both sites (for incoming and outgoing short- and long-wave radiation, QH and QE). Clear-sky seasonality is seen in the model performance: there is better absolute skill for QH and QE in autumn and winter, when there is a higher frequency of clear-sky days, than in spring and summer. As the WRF-modelled incoming short-wave radiation has large errors, we apply a bulk transmissivity derived from local observations to reduce the incoming short-wave radiation input to the land surface scheme – this could correspond to increased presence of aerosols in cities. We use the coupled WRF–SUEWS system to investigate impacts of the anthropogenic heat flux emissions on boundary layer dynamics by comparing areas with contrasting human activities (central–commercial and residential areas) in Greater London – larger anthropogenic heat emissions not only elevate the mixed-layer heights but also lead to a warmer and drier near-surface atmosphere.\u0000","PeriodicalId":12799,"journal":{"name":"Geoscientific Model Development","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139441733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An improved version of the piecewise parabolic method advection scheme: description and performance assessment in a bidimensional test case with stiff chemistry in toyCTM v1.0.1","authors":"S. Mailler, R. Pennel, L. Menut, A. Cholakian","doi":"10.5194/gmd-16-7509-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-7509-2023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. This study presents a novel method to estimate the performance of advection schemes in numerical experiments along with a semi-realistic, non-linear, stiff chemical system. This method is based on the examination of the “signature function”, an invariant of the advection equation. Apart from exposing this concept in a particular numerical test case, we show that a new numerical scheme based on a combination of the piecewise parabolic method (PPM) with the flux adjustments of Walcek outperforms both the PPM and the Walcek schemes for inert tracer advection as well as for advection of chemically active species. From a fundamental point of view, we think that our evaluation method, based on the invariance of the signature function under the effect of advection, offers a new way to evaluate objectively the performance of advection schemes in the presence of active chemistry. More immediately, we show that the new PPM + W (“piecewise parabolic method + Walcek”) advection scheme offers chemistry-transport modellers an alternative, high-performance scheme designed for Cartesian-grid Eulerian chemistry-transport models, with improved performance over the classical PPM scheme. The computational cost of PPM + W is not higher than that of PPM. With improved accuracy and controlled computational cost, this new scheme may find applications in other fields such as ocean models or atmospheric circulation models.\u0000","PeriodicalId":12799,"journal":{"name":"Geoscientific Model Development","volume":"33 29","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138946706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INCHEM-Py v1.2: a community box model for indoor air chemistry","authors":"David R Shaw, T. Carter, Helen L Davies, Ellen Harding-Smith, Elliott C. Crocker, G. Beel, Zixu Wang, N. Carslaw","doi":"10.5194/gmd-16-7411-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-7411-2023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The Indoor CHEMical model in Python, INCHEM-Py, is an open-source and accessible box model for the simulation of the indoor atmosphere and is a refactor (rewrite of source code) and significant development of the INdoor Detailed Chemical Model (INDCM). INCHEM-Py creates and solves a system of coupled ordinary differential equations that include gas-phase chemistry, surface deposition, indoor–outdoor air change, indoor photolysis processes and gas-to-particle partitioning for three common terpenes. It is optimised for ease of installation and simple modification for inexperienced users, while also providing unfettered access to customise the physical and chemical processes for more advanced users. A detailed user manual is included with the model and updated with each version release. In this paper, INCHEM-Py v1.2 is introduced, and the modelled processes are described in detail, with benchmarking between simulated data and published experimental results presented, alongside discussion of the parameters and assumptions used. It is shown that INCHEM-Py achieves excellent agreement with measurements from an experimental campaign which investigate the effects of different surfaces on the concentrations of different indoor air pollutants. In addition, INCHEM-Py shows closer agreement to experimental data than INDCM. This is due to the increased functionality of INCHEM-Py to model additional processes, such as deposition-induced surface emissions. A comparative analysis with a similar zero-dimensional model, AtChem2, verifies the solution of the gas-phase chemistry. Published community use cases of INCHEM-Py are also presented to show the variety of applications for which this model is valuable to further our understanding of indoor air chemistry.\u0000","PeriodicalId":12799,"journal":{"name":"Geoscientific Model Development","volume":"24 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138948139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Framework for Assessing Changes To Sea-level (FACTS) v1.0: a platform for characterizing parametric and structural uncertainty in future global, relative, and extreme sea-level change","authors":"R. Kopp, G. Garner, T. Hermans, S. Jha, Praveen Kumar, Alexander Reedy, A. Slangen, M. Turilli, T. Edwards, J. Gregory, George Koubbe, A. Levermann, André Merzky, S. Nowicki, M. Palmer, Christopher J. Smith","doi":"10.5194/gmd-16-7461-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-7461-2023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Future sea-level rise projections are characterized by both quantifiable uncertainty and unquantifiable structural uncertainty. Thorough scientific assessment of sea-level rise projections requires analysis of both dimensions of uncertainty. Probabilistic sea-level rise projections evaluate the quantifiable dimension of uncertainty; comparison of alternative probabilistic methods provides an indication of structural uncertainty. Here we describe the Framework for Assessing Changes To Sea-level (FACTS), a modular platform for characterizing different probability distributions for the drivers of sea-level change and their consequences for global mean, regional, and extreme sea-level change. We demonstrate its application by generating seven alternative probability distributions under multiple emissions scenarios for both future global mean sea-level change and future relative and extreme sea-level change at New York City. These distributions, closely aligned with those presented in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Sixth Assessment Report, emphasize the role of the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets as drivers of structural uncertainty in sea-level change projections.\u0000","PeriodicalId":12799,"journal":{"name":"Geoscientific Model Development","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138952082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation and evaluation of updated photolysis rates in the EMEP MSC-W chemistry-transport model using Cloud-J v7.3e","authors":"Willem E. van Caspel, David Simpson, J. Jonson, A. Benedictow, Yao Ge, A. D. Di Sarra, G. Pace, M. Vieno, Hannah L. Walker, M. Heal","doi":"10.5194/gmd-16-7433-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-7433-2023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The present work describes the implementation of the state of the art Cloud-J v7.3 photolysis rate calculation code in the EMEP MSC-W chemistry-transport model. Cloud-J calculates photolysis rates and accounts for cloud and aerosol optical properties at model run time, replacing the old system based on tabulated values. The performance of Cloud-J is evaluated against aerial photolysis rate observations made over the Pacific Ocean and against surface observations from three measurement sites in Europe. Numerical experiments are performed to investigate the sensitivity of the calculated photolysis rates to the spatial and temporal model resolution, input meteorology model, simulated ozone column, and cloud effect parameterization. These experiments indicate that the calculated photolysis rates are most sensitive to the choice of input meteorology model and cloud effect parameterization while also showing that surface ozone photolysis rates can vary by up to 20 % due to daily variations in total ozone column. Further analysis investigates the impact of Cloud-J on the oxidizing capacity of the troposphere, aerosol–photolysis interactions, and surface air quality predictions. Results find that the annual mean mass-weighted tropospheric hydroxyl concentration is increased by 26 %, while the photolytic impact of aerosols is mostly limited to large tropical biomass-burning regions. Overall, Cloud-J represents a major improvement over the tabulated system, leading to improved model performance for predicting carbon monoxide and daily maximum ozone surface concentrations.\u0000","PeriodicalId":12799,"journal":{"name":"Geoscientific Model Development","volume":"47 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138949447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}