Earth, Planets and Space最新文献

{"title":"Coseismic crustal seismic velocity changes associated with the 2024 M_W 7.5 Noto earthquake, Japan.","authors":"Nicolas Paris, Yuji Itoh, Florent Brenguier, Qing-Yu Wang, Yixiao Sheng, Tomomi Okada, Naoki Uchida, Quentin Higueret, Ryota Takagi, Shin'ichi Sakai, Satoshi Hirahara, Shuutoku Kimura","doi":"10.1186/s40623-025-02177-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-025-02177-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p> The 2024 <math><msub><mtext>M</mtext> <mtext>w</mtext></msub> </math> 7.5 Noto earthquake, Japan, was preceded by an intense seismic swarm thought to be driven by upward fluid migration. Crustal seismic velocities vary with external perturbations caused by earthquakes, and the presence of pressurized fluids in the crust amplifies the resulting coseismic velocity change. Hence, we characterize subsurface fluid by measuring the coseismic velocity change associated with the 2024 mainshock. For this purpose, we perform multi-frequency-band ambient noise seismic interferometry using data from permanent and temporary seismic stations. Significant coseismic velocity drops are observed, with an average decrease of about 0.5% inside the Noto peninsula, reaching 0.6-0.8% in the regions near the coseismic slip peaks. The observed velocity drops inside the peninsula correlate well with the modeled static-stress-change-induced velocity drops and peak ground velocity (PGV) and acceleration (PGA) as proxies of dynamic stress change. However, their respective contribution to the observed coseismic velocity drop remains unclear because of the similarities in their spatial pattern. Outside the Noto Peninsula, the observed velocity drops average around 0.1%, which is predominantly attributed to dynamic stress changes from passing waves because modeled static stress changes are negligible at these great distances. Although the addition of temporary stations significantly increases the resolution of the velocity drop measurements in the pre-mainshock swarm zone, our results exhibit no large velocity drop anomaly in this region, suggesting that the amount of pressurized fluids in the shallow crust down to <math><mo>∼</mo></math> 2.5 km depth is not anomalously large. This implies that the upward migration of fluids preceding the mainshock is likely confined to greater depths.</p><p><strong>Graphical abstract: </strong></p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40623-025-02177-x.</p>","PeriodicalId":11409,"journal":{"name":"Earth, Planets and Space","volume":"77 1","pages":"51"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12011933/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143958620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-dimensional velocity structure models in and around the Kathmandu Valley, Central Nepal","authors":"Kazuki Koketsu, Haruhiko Suzuki, Yujia Guo","doi":"10.1186/s40623-023-01954-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-023-01954-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11409,"journal":{"name":"Earth, Planets and Space","volume":"11 8","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139380198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of the double-thin-shell approach for studying nighttime medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances using two dense GNSS observation networks in Japan","authors":"Weizheng Fu, Yuichi Otsuka, A. Shinbori, M. Nishioka, S. Perwitasari","doi":"10.1186/s40623-023-01956-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-023-01956-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11409,"journal":{"name":"Earth, Planets and Space","volume":"42 2","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139379922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel high accuracy finite-difference time-domain method","authors":"Harune Sekido, Takayuki Umeda","doi":"10.1186/s40623-023-01934-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-023-01934-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11409,"journal":{"name":"Earth, Planets and Space","volume":"27 3","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139384092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geomagnetic relative paleointensity and direction during the last 40,000 years obtained from a sediment core in the Nankai Trough","authors":"Ryoya Goto, T. Yamazaki, N. Okutsu, J. Ashi","doi":"10.1186/s40623-023-01945-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-023-01945-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11409,"journal":{"name":"Earth, Planets and Space","volume":"22 10","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139389391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can we explain the post-2015 absence of the Chandler wobble?","authors":"Ryuji Yamaguchi, Masato Furuya","doi":"10.1186/s40623-023-01944-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-023-01944-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11409,"journal":{"name":"Earth, Planets and Space","volume":"109 44","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139390933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic scheme to develop dynamic earthquake rupture scenarios: a case study on the Wenchuan–Maoxian Fault in the Longmen Shan, China, thrust belt","authors":"Rongjiang Tang, Ryosuke Ando","doi":"10.1186/s40623-023-01932-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-023-01932-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11409,"journal":{"name":"Earth, Planets and Space","volume":"8 3","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139391553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 $$textrm{O}^+$$\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 O\u0000 +\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 density distribution in the nightside ionosphere reconstructed from ISS-IMAP/EUVI data","authors":"Shin’ya Nakano, Y. Hozumi, A. Saito, I. Yoshikawa, Atsushi Yamazaki, Kazuo Yoshioka, G. Murakami","doi":"10.1186/s40623-023-01947-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-023-01947-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11409,"journal":{"name":"Earth, Planets and Space","volume":"113 28","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139390942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relation between magnetopause position and reconnection rate under quasi-steady solar wind dynamic pressure.","authors":"Hyangpyo Kim, Hyunju Kim Connor, Ying Zou, Jaeheung Park, Rumi Nakamura, Kathryn McWilliams","doi":"10.1186/s40623-024-02101-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40623-024-02101-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The lunar environment heliospheric X-ray imager (LEXI) and solar wind-magnetosphere-ionosphere link explorer (SMILE) will observe the magnetopause motion in soft X-rays to understand dayside reconnection modes as a function of solar wind conditions after their respective launches in the near future. To support their successful science mission, we investigate the relationship between the magnetopause position and the dayside reconnection rate by utilizing super dual auroral radar network (SuperDARN) observations and widely used empirical models of magnetopause position (Shue et al. in J Geophys Res 103:17691-17700. 10.1029/98JA01103, 1998 and Lin et al. in J Geophys Res 115:A04207. 10.1029/2009JA014235, 2010). We select three cases when the interplanetary magnetic field rotates during periods of quasi-steady solar wind dynamic pressure. We first estimate the dayside reconnection rate by calculating the electric field along the open-closed magnetic field boundary (OCB) in the OCB moving reference frame. Then, we estimate the magnetopause position near the local noon by inputting NASA OMNI solar wind data into the empirical magnetopause models. The reconnection rate shows anti-correlation with the magnetopause position that it generally increases as the magnetopause located closer to Earth and vice versa. Our result also confirms that the reconnection rate increases as the empirical coupling efficiency between solar wind and the magnetosphere increases.</p><p><strong>Graphical abstract: </strong></p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40623-024-02101-9.</p>","PeriodicalId":11409,"journal":{"name":"Earth, Planets and Space","volume":"76 1","pages":"165"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11655602/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142876633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A high-resolution in situ X-ray diffraction study of mineral transitions due to post-hydration heating in CM chondrite meteorites.","authors":"Laura E Jenkins, Ashley J King, Martin R Lee, Luke Daly, Stephen P Thompson, Sarah J Day, Lucy Saunders, Pierre-Etienne Martin, Fahkri Bintang","doi":"10.1186/s40623-024-02116-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40623-024-02116-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>The effects of post-hydration heating over a broad range of temperatures are evident in many Mighei-like carbonaceous (CM) chondrites as a variety of mineral transitions. To better understand these processes and how a CM chondrite's starting composition may have affected them, we experimentally heated two meteorites with different degrees of aqueous alteration, Allan Hills 83100 and Murchison, at 25 °C temperature steps from 200 °C to 950 °C and 300 °C to 750 °C, respectively. During heating, synchrotron in situ X-ray diffraction patterns were collected. With the exception of calcite decomposition and its products, most mineral transitions were unaffected by starting composition. Key observations include: (1) partial decomposition of tochilinite at 200 °C, which indicates that tochilinite breakdown might be a two-stage process due to its intergrown layers of brucite/amakinite and mackinawite; (2) the breakdown of serpentine occurring at 300 °C with transitional phases appearing at 525 °C and 575-600 °C, while secondary olivine formed at 600 °C; (3) cronstedtite decomposing faster than lizardite, (4) the formation of secondary enstatite at 750 °C, and (5) calcite decomposition temperature differing significantly between meteorites, occurring at 725 °C and 575 °C in ALH 83100 and Murchison, respectively. The results for calcite are likely controlled by differences in its microstructure and chemical composition, related to the meteorite's impact history and degree of aqueous alteration. The difference in calcite decomposition temperature also explains the contrasts in the observed breakdown products, with clinopyroxene occurring in both meteorites, and oldhamite only in ALH 83100. Mineral transitions due to post-hydration heating have been characterized with a high resolution XRD method, enabling a better understanding of processes occurring on the parent asteroids of CM chondrites.</p><p><strong>Graphical abstract: </strong></p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40623-024-02116-2.</p>","PeriodicalId":11409,"journal":{"name":"Earth, Planets and Space","volume":"76 1","pages":"172"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11669613/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142902610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}