Geochemistry International最新文献

{"title":"Exsolution in the Au–Au3Cu Region and Correction of the Au–Ag–Cu Phase Diagram","authors":"S. A. Onishchenko,&nbsp;K. G. Parkhacheva,&nbsp;Yu. V. Glukhov,&nbsp;S. K. Kuznetsov,&nbsp;N. Yu. Nikulova,&nbsp;E. M. Tropnikov","doi":"10.1134/S0016702924700642","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0016702924700642","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The phase composition of native gold was examined in an insufficiently studied part of the Au–Ag–Cu system in the range between pure gold and Au₃Cu. In this region, a miscibility gap has been established for the Au–Ag–Cu solid solution, which is decomposed into Au–Ag–Cu and Au₃Cu phases. These results in combinations with previously obtained and literature data made it possible to construct a complete phase diagram of the Au–Ag–Cu system in the gold-rich region for low (about 100°C) temperature. The diagram demonstrates the field of a homogeneous Au–Ag–Cu solid solution, and two-phase fields (Au₃Cu and Au–Ag–Cu solid solution) and (AuCu and Au–Ag–Cu solid solution), which are separated by a three-phase field (Au₃Cu, AuCu, and Au–Ag–Cu solid solution).</p>","PeriodicalId":12781,"journal":{"name":"Geochemistry International","volume":"62 11","pages":"1174 - 1183"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1134/S0016702924700642.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142890441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomarker Hydrocarbons in Autochthonous and Migrated Bitumens in the Precambrian of Ust’-Mayskaya-366 Well, Siberian Platform","authors":"I. D. Timoshina","doi":"10.1134/S001670292470068X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S001670292470068X","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;The distribution of biomarker hydrocarbons in samples from Ust’-Mayskaya-366 well in the Aldan–Maya depression, Siberian platform, was studied in detail using modern techniques to elucidate biogeochemical features of Precambrian source organic matter (OM) and naphthides generated by it. To correlate OM and assess the effect of migration on biomarker parameters, allochthonous and mixed bitumens (AllB and MB, respectively), as well as open-pore bitumens (OPB) extracted from the uncrushed rocks of the Neryuen, Ignikan, Kandyk, Ust-Kirbin (Riphean), and Sardana (Vendian) formations were studied in comparison with the autochthonous bitumen (AutB) of the source-rock horizon of the Neryuen Formation. Saturated cyclanes and aromatic-fraction compounds from this well were analyzed for the first time. The Neryuen mudstones are enriched in organic matter (TOC &gt; 1%), accumulated in clays [the steranes have βα/(αα + ββ) = 0.5], survived diagenesis in reducing environments without excess H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;S (the homohopanes have C&lt;sub&gt;35&lt;/sub&gt;/C&lt;sub&gt;34&lt;/sub&gt; = 0.4), and were thermally transformed at MC&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;–&lt;span&gt;({text{MC}}_{3}^{1})&lt;/span&gt; (&lt;i&gt;T&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;max&lt;/sub&gt; = 452–465°C). The maximum in tricyclanes C&lt;sub&gt;19–31&lt;/sub&gt; in almost all of the studied samples falls onto C&lt;sub&gt;23&lt;/sub&gt;, as in the Neryuen AutB. Even homologues of 3,7-dimethylalkanes found in the Neryuen AutB and Ust-Kirbin MB, as well as those detected in trace amounts in the Neryuen and Ignikan MBs and in the OPBs of the Sardana Formation, were apparently disseminated during migration. All bitumens were found out to contain 12- and 13-monomethylalkanes, which are most abundant in the Kandyk OPBs. These compounds can likely be accumulated during migration. The migrated bitumens differ from the AutB in containing a higher proportion of steranes C&lt;sub&gt;29&lt;/sub&gt; (up to C&lt;sub&gt;29&lt;/sub&gt;/&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt;C&lt;sub&gt;27&lt;/sub&gt; &gt; 2) and a higher &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt;C&lt;sub&gt;27&lt;/sub&gt;/&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt;C&lt;sub&gt;17&lt;/sub&gt; ratio (up to &gt;1). Relationships with the bitumen coefficient was found for Pr/Ph, &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt;C&lt;sub&gt;27&lt;/sub&gt;/&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt;C&lt;sub&gt;17&lt;/sub&gt;, Σ&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt;C&lt;sub&gt;i&lt;/sub&gt;/Σ&lt;i&gt;izo&lt;/i&gt;C&lt;sub&gt;i&lt;/sub&gt; in acyclic hydrocarbons, C&lt;sub&gt;29&lt;/sub&gt;/C&lt;sub&gt;27&lt;/sub&gt; in steranes, C&lt;sub&gt;35&lt;/sub&gt;/C&lt;sub&gt;34&lt;/sub&gt; in homohopanes, hopane/tricyclane ratios; these parameters are likely susceptible to effects of migration. The most probable source of the Riphean bitumens was mainly the carbonaceous rocks of the Neryuen horizon, and the variations in characteristics were caused by catagenesis and migration processes of accumulation or dissemination of low-molecular-weight mobile compounds. The OPBs of the Sardana Formation differ from the Riphean ones. The upper two bitumens are immature parautochthonous, and the others are probably a mixture of Riphean and Vendian bitumens, which were influenced by solutions from the Sardana base-metal stratiform deposits (which is located at approximately 35 km southeast occurs of the area) and the Perevalnoye deposit (at about 20 ","PeriodicalId":12781,"journal":{"name":"Geochemistry International","volume":"62 11","pages":"1184 - 1199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142890437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ore Apatite-Bearing Mineralization of the Velimyaki Gabbroid Massif in the Raahe–Ladoga Zone of the Northern Ladoga Region: Identification of Formation Conditions and Estimation of Apatite Age","authors":"Sh. K. Baltybaev,&nbsp;R. L. Anisimov,&nbsp;I. M. Vasilyeva,&nbsp;N. G. Rizvanova,&nbsp;O. L. Galankina,&nbsp;V. M. Savatenkov","doi":"10.1134/S0016702924700654","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0016702924700654","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Early Proterozoic gabbros of the Velimyaki intrusion of the Northern Ladoga region contain titanomagnetite ore, which has been mined as early as the end of the 19th century. Titanomagnetite horizons are enriched in phosphorus in form of apatite reaching 10 vol %. Isotopic Pb–Pb dating indicates that apatite was likely redeposited during superimposed metamorphism that was significantly separated in time from the magmatic stage of gabbros and clinopyroxene–titanomagnetite ores. Mineralogical, petrological, and isotope-geochemical criteria for the superimposed nature of the mineral formation with apatite recrystallization are the relationship of this mineral with the formation of other metamorphic minerals (hornblende, biotite, sodic plagioclase), the isotopic age of apatite (1790 ± 5 Ma), and the lower temperature (620–710°C) of its formation compared to the crystallization temperatures (900–1260°C) of magmatic minerals. The Pb–Pb age of apatite coincides with the age of metamorphic minerals from other rocks of Late Svecofennian region, as well as with the Rb–Sr ages of biotite and amphibole from host supracrustal rocks. Based on the data obtained, it was concluded that recrystallization of apatite and resetting of the U–Pb system occurred during the Late Svecofennian regional metamorphism.</p>","PeriodicalId":12781,"journal":{"name":"Geochemistry International","volume":"62 11","pages":"1137 - 1154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142889983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Speciation of Chemical Elements in the Waters of the Herberz Historical Mine, Karelia, Russia: Thermodynamic Calculations and Fractionation","authors":"E. S. Sidkina,&nbsp;A. S. Toropov,&nbsp;A. A. Konyshev","doi":"10.1134/S0016702924700678","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0016702924700678","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The speciation of chemical elements in the waters and its dependence on the dissolved organic matter were studied by a complex of methods, involving thermodynamic calculations and experimental fractionation. The waters were studied at the abandoned and flooded Herberz Mine in the Pitkäranta district, Karelia, Russia. The regional natural waters are typically highly humified. In combination with the unique metallogeny of the rocks, this makes the mine suitable for solving the formulated problems. The eastern shaft of the Herberz Mine was sampled to a depth of 20 m to trance the changes induced by changes in the redox conditions. One of the geochemical characteristics of the waters is their relatively high concentrations of trace elements and a low salinity (TDS, total dissolved solids). All water samples from the Herberz Mine contain elevated concentrations of Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu, Ni, As, and W. Experimental fractionation and thermodynamic simulations of the speciation of chemical elements led us to identify metals whose accumulation most strongly depends on organic matter (OM). Both methods have demonstrated that U, Th, Cu, Ni, and Y show a high chemical affinity to OM. Metals (Cd and Fe) weakly bonded to the functional groups of natural OM, with the predominance of electrostatic bonding and a higher proportion of carboxyl bonds, are most susceptible to transformations with changes in geochemical conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12781,"journal":{"name":"Geochemistry International","volume":"62 11","pages":"1200 - 1218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142889982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trace Element Composition of Zircons from Rapakivi Granites of the Gubanov Intrusion, the Wiborg Massif, as a Reflection of the Fluid Saturation of the Melt","authors":"I. V. Rogova,&nbsp;V. S. Stativko,&nbsp;D. A. Petrov,&nbsp;S. G. Skublov","doi":"10.1134/S0016702924700630","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0016702924700630","url":null,"abstract":"<p>SEM-EDS and SIMS in situ methods were used to study the trace element composition of zircon from rapakivi granites of the Wiborg massif: wiborgites of the second phase, trachytoid granites of the third phase, as well as aplitic granites from their contact zone. All three rock varieties are available for study in the building stone quarry of the Vozrozhdenie deposit (Karelian Isthmus), where the granites of the Gubanov intrusion are mined. Zircon composition from all rock types shows traces of active fluid impact. This impact is manifested both at the level of zircon internal structure (dark zones and areas on BSE-image) and in the contents of trace and rare-earth elements, which significantly increase in the altered zones that differ in the BSE color. The total REE content in the studied zircon reaches 9400 ppm. Zircon from granites of the third phase show an opposite slope of LREE and HREE distribution pattern, i.e., “bird wings” profile (Sm_N/La_N &lt; 1). In the discrimination diagrams, the majority of the analyzed spots falls into the field of hydrothermal zircon. It is possible to assume that a source of fluid that affected zircon in all types of granites was fluid-saturated melts that produced trachytoid granites of the third phase.</p>","PeriodicalId":12781,"journal":{"name":"Geochemistry International","volume":"62 11","pages":"1123 - 1136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142889984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gold in Precambrian Rocks of the Yenisei Ridge, East Siberia, and Geological and Geochemical Prerequisites for the Formation of Gold Mineralization in the Central Metallogenic Belt of the Region","authors":"A. D. Nozhkin,&nbsp;I. I. Likhanov","doi":"10.1134/S0016702924700666","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0016702924700666","url":null,"abstract":"<p>As a large gold-bearing province, the Yenisei Ridge does not show elevated background gold concentrations. All types of its sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous rocks, except only the carbonaceous black shales, contain concentrations of the noble metal at the level of its Clarke values. All local gold deposits are constrained within the regional Central Metallogenic Belt, in which geological–geochemical conditions occurred that were favorable for the deposition of gold and gold–uranium ore mineralization: most of the deposits are constrained within a trough structure, the area was affected by several pulses of plume magmatism, which introduced, redistributed, and concentrated gold and uranium, and the developing ore-concentrating and ore-controlling systems formed economic deposits and associated zones of hydrothermal metamorphism with geochemical aureoles of Pb, Zn, Ag, Au, Bi, and As.</p>","PeriodicalId":12781,"journal":{"name":"Geochemistry International","volume":"62 11","pages":"1155 - 1173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142890442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of ICP-MS for Clarification of the Elemental Composition of Geological Reference Materials and Certification of Candidate Reference Materials","authors":"I. V. Nikolaeva,&nbsp;S. V. Palesskiy,&nbsp;A. S. Shaibalova","doi":"10.1134/S0016702924700691","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0016702924700691","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The contents of 25 elements were established in prospective reference materials, black shales SChS-1A and SLg-1A, using a developed analysis technique based on fusing samples with lithium metaborate and determining elements by external calibration with an internal standard on an ELEMENT high-resolution mass spectrometer. The passport characteristics of Russian reference materials of magmatic and sedimentary rocks SG-3, SGD-2A, ST-2A, SI-2, and BIL-1 and technical standards ZUK-1 and ZUA-1 have been clarified. New data of rare-earth elements were obtained for SI-2 and ZUA-1, which were missing during certification. Based on the inductively coupled mass-spectrometry analysis of standards SG-3 and SI-2 from 2005 to 2024, their applicability now has been confirmed. The new obtained ICP-MS results make it possible to expand the number of certified parameters of reference materials and clarify their results and can be used in analytical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":12781,"journal":{"name":"Geochemistry International","volume":"62 11","pages":"1219 - 1226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142890440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geochemical Signature of Basalts of the MAR Rift Valley at 20°31′ N: Origin Conditions of the Anomalous Volcanic Center of Puy des Folles in the Axial Zone of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge","authors":"S. A. Silantyev,&nbsp;A. I. Buikin,&nbsp;A. A. Gurenko,&nbsp;A. V. Chugaev,&nbsp;V. V. Shabykova,&nbsp;A. R. Tskhovrebova,&nbsp;V. E. Beltenev,&nbsp;A. S. Bich","doi":"10.1134/S0016702924700629","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0016702924700629","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The results of a study of chilled glasses sampled during the 45th cruise of the R/V <i>Professor Logachev</i> at the top of the submarine volcano Puy des Folles are presented. The Puy des Folles volcano is located in the axial part of the rift valley of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR) at 20°31′ N. Unlike typical volcanic axial highs which usually does not exceed several hundred meters the summit of the Puy des Folles volcano is located a depth of 1950 m and rises 1800 m above the bottom of the rift valley. The data on geochemistry and isotope composition of chilled glasses examined allow us to come to a number of conclusions that expanded existing ideas about magmatic and tectonic processes conducted in the rift valley of the slow spreading ridges. Chilled glasses sampled at the top of the Puy des Folles volcano are originated from a very depleted melt formed by partial melting of the DM reservoir. Puy des Folles volcano was formed as result of the activity of a long-lived magma chamber located below the rift valley axis. It is possible that, in addition to the DM reservoir, a mantle source enriched in incompatible elements may have participated in the formation of the parental melts for the studied chilled glasses. A weak geochemical signal of contamination of the parental melt with a hydrothermal component in chilled glasses was established. Signs of stagnation in the spreading of the oceanic crust in the rift valley segment studied in this work have been established.</p>","PeriodicalId":12781,"journal":{"name":"Geochemistry International","volume":"62 11","pages":"1111 - 1122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1134/S0016702924700629.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142890439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to: Cryolite as a Reference Mineral of Rare Metal Mineralization: An Experimental Study","authors":"A. A. Rusak,&nbsp;T. I. Shchekina,&nbsp;N. G. Zinovieva,&nbsp;A. Y. Bychkov,&nbsp;O. A. Lukanin","doi":"10.1134/S0016702924190030","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0016702924190030","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12781,"journal":{"name":"Geochemistry International","volume":"62 10","pages":"1108 - 1108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1134/S0016702924190030.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142714277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trace Elements and Organic Carbon in Benthic Organisms and Bottom Sediments of the East-Siberian Sea","authors":"L. L. Demina,&nbsp;S. V. Galkin,&nbsp;A. S. Solomatina","doi":"10.1134/S0016702924700563","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0016702924700563","url":null,"abstract":"<p>First data on the concentrations of a number of trace elements and carbon (organic and carbonate) in the components of the bottom ecosystem of the East Siberian Sea have been obtained. The distribution of a large group of trace elements (Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Mo, Ag, Ba, Tl, Pb, Bi, Th and U) in mass taxa of benthic organisms, including bivalvia <i>Portlandia arctica</i>; crustacean Isopod (<i>Saduria sibirica, Saduria sabini),</i> echinoderms Ophiuroidea <i>Ophiocten sericeum,</i> and Holothuroidea <i>Myriotrochus rinkii,</i> was studied. The role of abiotic and biotic factors in the accumulation of chemical elements in benthic organisms was estimated. The lithological and geochemical characteristics of host bottom sediments, primarily, the organic carbon content and the grain-size composition, reflect the influence of abiotic factors. The biotic factor is responsible for the geochemical properties of trace elements, the level of organic carbon in organisms, and their feeding type. For the first time, a comparative assessment of the levels of organic carbon accumulation in mass taxa and host bottom sediments was made, and an important sedimentological function of detritophages and deposit feeders organisms was shown.</p>","PeriodicalId":12781,"journal":{"name":"Geochemistry International","volume":"62 10","pages":"1077 - 1095"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142714275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}